Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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T .1 «r -• BAKNWtLL SENTINEL, BARNWELL, SOUTH CAROLINA SALVATION ARMY WORKERS READY TO LEAVE FOR FRANCE little troubIe~from natural obstacles. Soirie distance above Askelon the'In vading army apparently forked, one branch continuing up the Coast 1 to Jaffa; and tlfe. other turning northwest- Jerusalem, whiyh lies in according to Josephus, amounted to above a million souls, ant? the captives 1 ( to almost'|a hundred thousand. In 134 A. IT. the rebellion of liar , Cochba whs the signal for another dev- astation, ’but In 130 Hadrian rebuilt i^i# city, calledpt Aella Capitolina, and generally jmgublzed it. When tTu>'Ro man effrplre eventually .became Chris tian, the Jews acquired the, right to visit Jerusalem annually to' lament. Mil. ■rriifirViiiWiai^;:^ ward towar / the hMly co^nt Story of Jerusalem. The Tell‘-el-Amarna tablets reveal there was an important” town on the site of Jerusalem in the/il -fury B. ^P... called Ursalhn, liest mention of the placi Jure—Is lit Gen-. 14 :8, dek Is railed "King o apj)ears as the Jehu of the .Iebusites, wh against the Israelite With King I>avtd opens, for it was h final conquest of the fortress, joining the lower city with the citadel of Mount'Zion. The first temple there was built by Solomon? and the story of Its Construction a-nd the articles '■used as outlined In the.-Scripture story give some-idea of its magnificence. After the revolt of Jeroboam, the city was successi vely attacked--try She 1 shak, king , of Kgy.pt, 935 15. C.; the Philistines and Arabs. 850 II. C.; Jvlio- Tlwf ear- over the ruins of their ,b»ved city, In 333 the Church’ of the Holy Sep ulcher was foutuhsd. In 362 Julian at tempted^ rebiijid rhe temple, hut was prevented. The next iinportaniS^epocli... was about 100, when the Empress Kiidoein visited Palestine and-expeiidKl large sums on the improveinenUbf tin- cit\. A chureh Was built above the poolNtf Siloam,, and after having completely" disappeared for many cenruri.es it was recovered by F. ,1. I’diss when making his exploration of Jerusalem, i The ’empress also erected a large church, in honor of 'St. Steplien north of tin V Damascus gyte. The site of this church was discovered in 1874 and It has since been rebuilt. In 532 ’Justinian erected important sat of Christian Religion Wrested Frofn Moslem After 1,200 Years’ Rule. i new chapter Down. Through the Ages the Holy City Has Been Prey of Half the Races of the World and Has Been , v Destroyed and Rebuilt , . Many Times. The capture of Jerusalem by the British forces marks the end. with two brief, interludes, of more than twelve hundred years’ possession of the seat of. the Christian religion by the Mo hammedans. •- Tlie last Christian ruler of Jerusalem was the German emperor Frederick II. whose short-lived domi nation lasted from 1229 to 1244. s In Sentiment and romahftc aspect the capture of Jerusalem far exceeds even the fall of fable-crowned Bagdad. Since the days when David \vresred It from the hands of Jehusltes to make it the capital of.the Jewish race, Jeru salem has been the prey of half the races of the world. -It has passed suc cessively into the hands of the Assy rians, Babylonians. Greeks, Romans, Persians. Arabs. Turks, Rie Crusaders, finally to fall before- the descendants of that Bichard the I,Ton Hearted who strove In vain for its possession more than seven hundred years f ago. The historiccity has been destroyed and rebuilt times without number, only to finally fall for the second time into the hands of Christian British. < Great ' Moral Victory. The gigantic British encircling strat egy .took in. on the south, the little town of Bethjehem, where "Christ was born, 2,017 years ago,There seems to be no doubt that tile capture of Jerusalem is one of the most stupen dous moral victories of the war. * It is a unique fact that British lead ers and British armies now, as In the centuries past, are still the tenacious, successful f»»es of Mohammed's'people. Iii the twelfth cfemury Ilichard Coeur de Lion, in “penitence for fancied sins, decided to absolve himself of mundane taints by engaging In an altruistic ('am- paign for the' dellvernnee of Jerusn- leja'. to Christian .control. In a series 6t’ campaigns he fought the mighty Saladln through many sanguinary battles to a truce. He found it Impos sible to maintain a maximum fighting strength through the extreme line of Communications. Disease and misfor- •tune reduced Id-s^maies’ to* nomadic bjftq-ffs,' which —were, some of them, tnki>n as slaves by thY* Mussulmans. Others rorfnied the continent for years' or engaged Hh meros-iary wars wher ever they found ""eWeftainH witting io employ fhein. Richard himself became: n fugitive, was arrested by enemies while strug gling his way through Austria, and only released when friends in Britain raised enormous ransoms. Interesting Campaign. It Is an interesting campaign that has Just been successful In restoring Jerusalem. A glance at the gttograph- vat ion Army workers photographed at the Ne\v York headquarters ready to leave for service with in France. They \tqll aid the soldiers in musty ways, from holding religious services to writing love ick home. The womehimembers of the party will repair the clothes of the boys when not otherwise EING DRIVEN BACK BY THE FRENCH JAW XWi (Copyright. by Underwood 4k-Underwood Heart of Modern Jerusalem ash, king of Israel, 780 B. C., all of whom inflicted more or less damage. In 701 B. C. Sennacherib laid siege Io Jerusalem, but was forced to with draw. In 597 and more effectually in 580 Rabylon took possession of the city, sacked it and deported the “elite" of its .Inhabitants to Rubylon. buildings, fragments of which remain Incorporated with the mosque, hut these and the other Christian build ings were mined-In about 014 by the destroying King Chosroes II. Justinian a Builder. A short breathing space was allowed ^ . . . . and tied to the Christians after this storm and being driven back by French mitrailleuse fire un4-t-r$’ing to gain the shel then the young strength of Islam swept. Five of the seven have been shot down. . ’ over them. In 037 Omqr conquered Jerusalem after four months’ siege. Under the comparatively easy rule of the Omndud caliphs Christians did not suffer severely. . Though excluded from the temple. aVea, they w’ere free to use portions of the Holy Sepulcher. This, however, could not last under the fanatical Fatimate caliphs, 1 wdio succeeded them, and the suffering of the Christians then led to that ex traordinary series of Invasions com-’ Jerusalem was then reduced position of an Insignificant town. > A new chapter begins with the re turn of the exiles under Zerubbnbel and Jeshua 530 B. C. A new temple was begun in 535 and after a long de lay caused by the machinations of the Samaritans, was completed in 515. Ezra, with another hand of captives returned there in 458 and established the law, while Nehemfah rebuilt the wall, and again Jerusalem became the shrine of Israel. Lapse in History. We know : practically nothing of Its history for more than a century, until in 332, Alexander the Great conquered GERMAN AIRPLANE ABLAZE IN MIDAIR WHITE HOUSE SERVICE FLAQ monly called the Crusades. The Cru saders were a •,semireligious and a semi-military movement. They repre sented the passions and Ideas of Eu rope In the twelfth and thirteenth cen turies—its chivalry, its hatred of Mo- ; hammedanism and Its desire to pos sess the spots hallowed by r the suffer ings of our Lord. Their long continu ance shows the intensity of the sentl- and 03 ments which possessed them.,.. During this period Palestine was harried for I about a hundred years and tin* undy ing tradition—of which no doubt re tarded tip 1 final triumph of Christian ity over the Arab. In 1247 Jerusalem became subject to Egypt for 270 years until the Ottoman sultan, Selim I, con quered Syria in 1517, and Turkish possession has continued to ; the pres ent day and under rule practically u* gates of Jerusalem were .opened to him, anti he left the Jews in peaceful occupation. x <i The revolt of the Maccabees brought, however, a fresh succession of troubles upon it. • It was besieged by the Greeks in 139. 134,(55 B. C„ and the temple was pillaged In 55 B. C. " The Roman domination un der Herod brought an interval of peace, Herod built a palace, restored the citadel Antonia, and In 19 B. C. began the erection of the third.temple. Jerusalem is very closely identified with the earthly life of Jesus Christ. It was to tin 1 great Jewish festival there lie Vas taken by his parents. Here they lost him and on returning found him conversing with the wise men. 1 ■ ■ ■■"=* It was to the city he looked when he uttered his pinjntTve -cry‘O Jeru salem, thou-that bei I lost the- png dirts and stonest them sent unto thee," fuj- Isliing by predicting its doom, which occurred Just over seventy years later It was to Jerusalem tie went’for the last week of his life, “the ’Passion week," as we term It. and on entering the city- on an ass the thronging crowds cast down branches <*f palm trees, hailing him as king.* Walk to Golgotha. , ■ IPs mock trial in* Pilate’s hall and walk to" Golgotha outside the city whore on the cross the world's Be- , . t -i (Teenier was crucified, ildd most pro found interest to" Jerusalem. It was within sigfit of the city, with the dis- Wples around hlug that Christ as- oethTcdto heaven, leaving for his fol- Allenby, commander lowers Uihj-onihmnd to go out into lilt the world antT jireaeh. tlie,....gospel, to every T-rea,pi re, and to begin the story of-the evangel in Jerusalem. * Hprc 40 da\N later Peter preached to the thronging crowds assembled at, Jerusalem for the Passover. *This mar velous sermon'ereated such a powerful emf' * r ■: * l -inv'.' Singularly, Situated.' In 1187 Jerusalem fell to Sfilitdia. who rebuilt its waifs. -From ,1229 to 1211 tin* German Christians held Je rusalem, hut In 1244 a fearful mas sacre .swaP owed up the las; r’clics of Christian occupation. In 1517 it was conquered by the Sultan Selim 1. and ^ince then it ,has been a TimkishCity. SeUni’s successor. Suleiman thi^ABig- nitic(' t HL restored the fortification 5 ?, which shice that rime have been little altered. n. 1’he ■^itnatrsn o£, Jerusalem is in several respeets\sihg(ilar aniorur the Ibis wonderful picture of a Bdehe plane blazing l.n inidair as iT hurtled downward i< one of tlu* inost remarkahh' photographs made, in the war. The German battleplane was flying above flu 1 lines "somewhere in France,” when q French airman,got dir.eetly overhead. Ih* dropped-n Itomb, hftting the Boclie machine squarely in tin* middle. It fell a llaufing'mass. as this'xphotograph was made. . ._••■ \ Little Ellen Wilsuu. McAd<)o, daugh ter of Secretary and Mrs. McAdoo and granddaughter of President Wilson, hanging a Bed Cross service flag in a wltlTlow of the White House. The flag indicates that three members of the executive’s household have joined the Bed Cross. EMPEROR OF AUSTRIA REVIEWING TROOPS Hard on the Guide. Jhe guides in Glacier National y^sOuting, is, t»r was, named mnotK, He was born* with the of numor. but there mgaries that are be 4 f emi his generous usual LrUh—sensi uesune. ns elevation-is re .pccasionqd not firoih its he- smmnit of one of the ntjk merous urns or .imlea. like most of lhe towns and villages, hut hucmise it is oil the eftge of one of the highest tablelands" of the country. Although to a .certain extent jhe four hills on which it is Iqiilt—ZiofC Moriah. A era : ml ►Jle/adjfa--nhfy* still he distingi/islied, their, actual-Jamml arles-caiinot he traced. The con tout of these hjjl» ha-s been changed d»yu tht accuroutfitlon of debris of’past centu- jdhs. Jerusalem is connected with It** port, Jaffa, by a carriage road 41 miles and by a meter-gauge railway 54 miles," w hich ,was Completed * in 1892 and worke^f H.v a French company. Prior to 1858, when the modern Once upon a time he guidinLa nature* loving lady of more than generoua physical proportions. Mounting^h^r horse and dismounting was a task that taxed all her powers and incidentally N most of .Mike’s as well. . t At a particularly had place In the frail a majestic pine towered from the steep slope. As they rounded the turn I the lady tourist called to Mike: “Mr. Guide, help me down!” w Wi.tlr soniV ditficultyjthe feat was ae* couipllshed, She,panted up to the foot of the- tree. There she stood gazing ; 1 •; upward for a moment, and then loud, clear voice called out: , “Oh tree, I salute thee!” Then she went hack to the horse. “Air. Guide, help me up!” • They accomplished the mounting -with a hundred per cent increase In effort, and moved forward. “What did you say, Mike?” another Lm, guide Inquired when Mike told tha ifi M'Mii LJ story later. Ji the "Me?" said Mike. “Nothing; hot I »*rs for their Just thought I’d hate to he the feller lea iff many to culde her through the California redwoods.”—Youth's Companion^' leal n/ifure of the 1 antLover which the British advanced from Gnzy to Jaffa to Jerusalem is Intensely IntereaBng Palestine, an almost -regular rec tangle, may be divided Into four equal parts lengthwise for this purpose. The strip ulong the Mediterranean sea Is flat country, a continuous plain. The next strip to the east 4s mountainous. It resembles In general character the CatskJlL-Ciiuntry of New York state, except thatHhe hlijs and mountains of a art not so heaviljKwooded. . . a 8 j t The third strip froTn^he coast is a 70 A. D. great depression througb"syhlch the River Jordan flows. impression that 3,000 responded fo his summons. ’ * * ' ' ' ' In the earty^ days of the Christian era the Jews weLe^ Jn constant revolt agninst the Roninn p?vwec. At length Titus, “son of Vespaslan. wate sent to take arfd. destroj” the city. - In spite heroic Jewish defense and after yyere few private residences, l>eyond At present Jerusalem .wails covers a larger area The greater part of the populace than thut wTthijm . was put to the sword and- the city The last census gnyc the population entirely razed by the plow. So that is 60,000—Moslems 7^)00, .Christian- according to Christ’s prophecy, not „one i3,000, Jews 40.000; During the pii stone' remained upon another. The primage season it Is Increased b' numbers who perished in this siege. I about 15,000 travelers. The fourth Is the plateau land w jises beyond the Jordan V. \ /, ;