Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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% % I / two dollars l'kr annum. \ GOO -A.TSTD OUR COUNTRY. always in advance. .u?,'- ? ?:_;_=_ . _-- _ , VOLUME 8. _ _SATURDAY MORNING, JULY 18, 1874. NUMBER 24 The following timely letter appears in the columns of the London Times: To the Editor of the Times : Sir?During tho last few months nn unusual number of dogf. have been affected with hydrophobia in the metropolis, as well as in other parts of the United Kingdom. From the cir cumstance thnt several cases of the disease have very latoly occurred in the practice ol the lirowu institution, as well as from information received from other sources, there seems to me to be some reason to fear that it is still rather widely prevalent. As the danger to the public which arises whenever this is the case, however horriblo in itself, is one which can he avoided by the possession of the requisite information, it is clearly desirable, even at the risk of exciting alarm in the minds of a few sensitive persons, thnt such information should be coiu municotc d for the general good. I have, therefore, put down in as plain words, as possible what appear to me to be the most useful criteria for the recognition of rabies in tho dog. In doing so 1 have been assisted by the experienced veterinary surgeon of the Ilrown lust tution, Mr. Duguid, and by my friend Mr. Hunting, of Derby street, May fair, who has paid special attention t > the disease. I have also tho advantage of x,riling with an actual case under my observation. Tenons orn liable to be bitte:*, by mad dogs under two sets ofcircum stances?first, when a rabid u'uimal escapes from home and is at large ; and. secondly, whou u dog uot suppose 1 to be infected is caressed by its master or those who have to do with it at home ^Consequently, it is quite.n.i imporlaut % that the public should be awaro of those slight indications which aff?r 1 ground for mspicioti that the dfccaso is impend itig as that they should know the char ncteristie signs by which it m ty be rerojjuiztd when it has declared itself. The premonitory indications of rabies in a dog urc derived almost entirely from tho observation of changes in its demeanor; consequently, although they may be too trifling to bo noticed by u ?casual observer, they are, fortunately, ?sufficiently striking to arrost the ittteu tion of any < uo who is about a dog and is familiar with its habits.and individual peculiarities. A dog about to become rabid loses its natural liveliness. It mopes about as if preoccupied or nprrehcusivo, uud seeks ito withdraw iuto dark cor tiers. From the first there is usually a forcshading of tbnt most constant symptom of the disease?depraved appetite. Mad dogs not only devour filth and rubbish of every kind with.avi.dily, but even their own excrement?often immediately after it has been passed. Indications of this tendcooy appear early, and arc more than suspicious. * Along with this peculiarity of be haVior it in of equal importance to notice that an infactcd dog, fiom the first, tmaps at other dogs without provocat ion. This anappishncss in most dogs is very striking. If a dog previously known to have 00 such babit soups indiscriminate lly at the first dog it moots in the yard ?or in the street, it is probably uot safe. ?So far I have bud in n iud chiefly ??hat is to bo observed iu dogs tied up or at home. A dog which is it larga is ?also to bo recognized as in a daugerou.?. ?t?te by its demeanor. A healthy dog .in its progress along a 'street or else where shows at every step that its attou tion is awake to the sighisund sounds Which it encounters. The rabid dog, tn tho counliory, goes sullenly und unofccrvantly foiward, and is not di verted by objects obviously likely to attract it. This statement, however, is subject to tho important exception al ready referred to that it is excited both by the sight and sound of au animal of lie own species. Of the symptoms which accompany the final stage of tho disease tho most important and oharisteristio aro those which relate to the organs iu which it localizes itself?tho month and thro it. Attctitrou is often drawn to tho coudi tioc, of the mouth in ao animal supposed to be healthy by the) observation tint it . ??i?a to scratch tho corners of its mouth, hh if attempting to get rid of the ropy mucus which is seeu to be discharged from it. In dogs that arc tied up it is noticeable that tho bark has entirely lost its ring, and acquires a peculiar hoarse ness, nyhieb cnu be recognized even by the most unobservant. As the disen.se progresses the discharge increases, tho lower jaw bangs ns if paralyzed, and the auimul has evidotitly difficulty in -?w i| lowing. Along with this there U often loss of power of the hind limbs. If now the dog is watched, the peculiarities of behavior which have been already noticed are seen to present themselves in a much more marked degree than before. It is observed, first, that it is pubject to paroxysms of excitement, in which it makes often repeated efforts to bite or ^uaw all objects (such as wood work, straw, Ac.) .vithiu its reach, while at the same time it continues to exhibit the tendency already mention d to devour its own excrement; and, second ly, even during the remissions iti excite mcnt is at once renewed by the sight or sound of another dog. It may bo well to note that the disease occurs ut all seasons, that the mad dog continues to rccoguize its master and to manifest pleasure when kindly spoken to, that it docs not shun water, and that iu many cases from first to last that wild fury which is supposed to belong to the disease is conspicuously absent. The most effectual means for check ing the spread of hydrophobia are ? first, to circulate information on the sub jeetj second, to enforce existing regulu lions as to licenses and as to the destrun. tion of ownerless dogs. It is to b-i rc?rcttcd that tho wise proposal of .dr. Fleming, that a short description of the disease should bo printed on the back of each license, has not been adopted. The disease originates, whether iu man or beast, exclusively by contagion. The carrhrscf unutttgbu are the own erloss dogs of large towns. I remain, sir, yours, etc. j. IlbiiDON Sandkiiso.n.-M 1). V. It. S llrown Institution, May 1G. (Celibacy. Tna Chastity of Men and Women: The conditions of life arc more fatal to men than to women. Although the proportion ol'boys born tu ajy civilized community is 101 to 103 to cvory 100 girls, a greater number of tho latter survive to reach maturity. In fact, in nearly all countries there is a surplus of women. Iu England thoro are 1 Uli women to 100 men, and in America the excess of womcu is fully five per cent., while in certain parts of the United States, such as Massachusetts, the emigration of j'oung men has made a far greater disparity in the numbers of the sexes. From the surplus of women there would naturally follow the enforced celibacy of the more unattractive of the sex. There arc, however, other causes which also tend to produce the same result. Prom incut among these is the lack of chastity among inon. Accord ing to Mr. Greg, whoso "Literary and Social Judgments" has recently nt traded much attention, this latter cause is more powerful than all othcro in pro ducing tho celibacy of so largo a nutn bor^ of English women. His remarks on the subject can be applied with equal truth to the condition of things in this country, aud we, therefore, quote them . lcaviug the moral to bo drawn by our readers. Mr. G reg remarks : "II ovcry man among tho middle aud higher ranks wcro compelled to lead a lifo of stainless abstinence till he married, and unless ho married, we may porfcotly sure th it every woman in thoso.ranks would havo so many offers, such earnest and such rationally eligible ones, that no ou? would rcnir.iu single, except those to whom nature dictated celibacy as a voca tiou, or thoso whoso cold hearts, independent tempers, or indulgent selfishness, mado thorn select it as a preferable and moro luxurious career. Unhappily, as matters are managed now, thousauds of men find it perfectly feasi hie to combine all tho freedom, LUXURY-, AND SELF-INDULGENCE t.f a bachelor's career with tho pleasures of female sooicty and tho enjoyment they feck for there. As long as this is so, so long, we fear, a vast proportion of the best women in educated classes? women especially who liuvo no dowry beyond their Koodneis and their beauty ?will ho doomed to remain involunarily single. How this sore evil is to be remedied wo cannot undortako to say. When female emigration has done its work, and draiucd away the excess and the special obviousness of tho reduud mice; when women have thus become far fewer iti proportion, men will have to bid higher for tho possession of them, and will find it necessiry to make them wives instead of mistresses. Again, when worthless appearances, and weary gayctics, and joyless luxuries shall have lost something of their factitious fascina tion in women's eyes, in comparison with more solid and more enduring pleasures, they will bo couteut with smaller worldly means in the men who nsk their hands, and as they become loss costly articles of furniture tbey will find more numerous and more eager purchus crs. Ladies themselves are far from guiltless in this matter, and though this truth has bscn somewhat rudely told them lately, it is a truth, and it is one they would do well to lay to heart." Rust in Colton, 1'rofessor Stubb, of tho Alabama Agricultural College, says true rust is a fungus growth situil t r ia its nature to smut, mildew, etc. In examining with the miscroscope the various "so called rust'J wo find them entirely unlike in different sections. We have found but little information on this subject, but since tt is a source of much evil to the Southern planter, perhaps it may yet elicit some attention from the ce.lcbrated botanists and entomologist of the pre sent day. Ly examining some leaves of cotton we find that thny have been changed to a bright yellow, tinged hare and therewith red, and with occasional marks ol brown. Oa others .wo find rusty brown spots on the uudor side, resembling inc<p:cut rus't?while again on others, we find yellow surfaces with litile or uo appearance of vitality, edges curled up, and whole leaf seeming with ercd and dead. The first uuder the mi croscope, gives no marks of an iusoct. on any part of the leaf?tho growth is vegetable, u real fungus a i l is the true rust. With a powerful microscope we find tho second to be the woik of a min utc red spider (genus aoarus) which at tacks the under side of the loives, punc turing them until tbey are stung and spotted all over and finally fall from the plant. The third is caused by the cot ton louse (a specie of aphis) which pier ces the outer coating of the leaves, on the under side. From th<J coustant drainage of the sap by this insect, tho leaves are enfeebled, curl up, turn yel low, und finally fall. Later in the sea son young shoots urn also attacked and arc often completely covered by these pests. But there is another affection of the cotton plant, which is found very prcva lent iu alluvial bottoms, and sometimes in uplands. It is usually improperly styled "black rust," but in reality is a specit8 of blight. An intelligent obser vcr thus describes it; "This blight ?.p pears very sudodnly. One day all of the plants of a field may sectu to be perfectly healthy and vigorous, while on passiug through the same field JJon the next day, many of them may bo observed with drooping leaves, as if af fected by the bead of a midday suu. A few days thereafter all the leaves will wither and full to the grouud, leaviug the stem buro, though still greon and the ready formod and in some cuscs fully matured, opeuiug bolls adhering to tho brunches. Alter remaining in a stuto of apparent lifclessuess /or sonio time should raiu aud favorablo growing weather follow, tho affected plant will often soud up suokor from tho crown of the roots, and oven somotimos youug shoots from tho juncture of the bran ches with tho stem. This is tho blight, aud a glance will show a wide difference fr om tho "rod rust." In the luttor tho loaves turn yellow and arc blurred with red, while in tho former they suddenly wither aud droop without changing to yclloje, thou turn brown and black, and full. The bolls also shrivel, dry up, and the wholo plant gradually dies. I havo not been able to observe th is plaut throughout all stages of tho die- j c tse, but on examining an old blighted plant, and dividing longitudinally thc4 stem, I found a black or brownish up penrance presented by the pith and heart of main root, stem aad branches ? just as if tbo contro was rotten. This may be the proximate cause of the with ering of (he loaves. On examination, no insects nor their punctures could bo descu-ncd. It is obivious then that the whole plant is in a state of disease which most probably is 'caused by the excess of some vegetable acid, or by the deficiency of Borne chemical elemcut in the soil necessary to health and pcrfec lion of plant, or perhaps by tap root, po'etrating into a hard, sour or other wiso unfavorable subsoil. In oxamin ing the soils which "rust" cotton, we find no excess of vegetable acid, but wj do find a sad deficiency of sulphuric acid, a substance so essential to the full maturity of every plant, a id a subsoil whoso mechanical condition is such a a to preclude the healthful growth of a tender root. Again wo learn from in telligcnt farmers that fields freshly clear cd will pot rust cotton until third of fourth year. By this timo the small acid is exhausted, the soil iunchanged with the excretory vegetable acids loft in soil by continuous cultivation of same crop and the subsoil baked and harden ed by Jdeoending rains and hot suus, which easily penetrate the porus culti vatcd top soil. This being then the probable cause of rust, .to prevent this wc should seek to supply our lands with sulphuric acid, rotate our crops and thoroughly under?r.'io and subsoil our lands. Sulphuric acid is rocst economi cally applied in form of sulphate lime (land plaster) or sulphate iron (coppe rag). A? Edito r's Experience. ?4 ' - ?After an editor had remained a bac.ha 10*^11 til thirty five, one would suppose he was able to select a wife whom one could livo with without quarreling at least: but such was not the oaso with our frieud Ned Willi tun. Af.er dream ing of earthly blisj, he concluded ti try love in a co'tage. He found a place ty suit, and begau housekeeping. Never was an editor so happy. It was "my love." "duck," "sweetest," Ac, in every j sentcnoc. Shortly after homokospiug began, trouble too began. Some cvii genius put it into our "dock's" bead to have somv pudding for dinner, just to please her lord. Alter pirtaktn; of a heavy dinner of substantial, the pud ding mouietit arrived, aud a huge slicj almost obscurred from sight tho plate before him. "My dear, did you make this ?" '"Yes, love; nio't it nico ?" "Glorious?the best bread pudding I ever tasted in my life." "Plum pudding duoky," suggested wife. "Oh no, dcarost, bread pudding. 1 was always fond of 'cm.' Call that plum pudding, ifyou pleas3 exclaimed tho wife, and h.ir lip slight ly curled with contempt. ?Well; my dear, I reckon I've had enough at the Sherwood Honsc to know bread pudding at least, my love-" "Husband this is really too bad; plum pudding is twice as bard to make as bread pudding, and is more expensive and a great deal better. Besides I bad enough bread pudding to do me a life time while I was at hoardingsobool and never iutended to make it. I say this is plum pudding, sir!" and tho prety wife's brow flushed with excite ment. ?'My lore, my sweet,' he exclaimed, soothingly, "do not get nngry. . I'm suro it is very good if it is broad pud ding.' 'You mcau, low wretch,' fiercely ex claimed the wife, iu a louder totio, 'you know it is plum pudding.' {Then, madam, it is so meanly put to gether and so ,badly burned that the devil himself would not know it. I to 11 you, madam, most distinctly and emphatically, and I will not be contra dieted, it is bread pudding, and the meanest kin d at that.' 'It is plum pudding ?' shrieked the wife, as she hurled a glass of claret in his face, the glass itself tapping the claret from Iis nose. 'Broad pudding'.' gaspod ho, pluok to tho last, and grasping a roasted chicken by the left leg. 'Plum pudding!' rose above tho din ncr, and then was heard the crashing of two plates across bis bead. 'Bread pudding,' he groaned in a rage, as the chicken left his .hand and landed in madam's bosom. 'Plum pudding!' responded she, as she hurled the gravy dish aud conteuts upon the enemy's head, aud a plate of beets landed upon his white vest. 'Bread pudding 1' shouted he iu defi auce, and darted out of the house, leav ing madam upon the field alone. Moral ?Beware of the first quarrel. Use of Silence A pity that so few people understand the full effect of well timed silence ! How eloquent it is in reality! Acquies ceuce, contradiction, difference, disdain, cmbarrassmeut and awe may all be expressed by saying nothing. It may be necessa?y to illustrate this apparent paradox, by a few examples. Do you seek an assurance of your lady-love's affection? The fair one confirms her lover's fondest hopes by a compliant and assenting silence. Should you bear an assertion which you may deom false, made by some one of whose veracity politeness may withhold you from openly dcclariug your doubt, you denote a difference of opinion by remaining silent. Are you receiving a reprimand from a superior? You mark your respect by an attentive silence. A re you compelled to listen to the frivolous conversation ol a fop ? You signify your opiuiou of him by treating his loquacity with cou temptuous silence. Again, how much strife might have been prevented, bow often might the quarrel which by mutual aggravation, has, perhaps, terminated in bloodshed, bad it been checked 1n the commencement by n*judiciou? silence ? Those persons only who have cxppri enccd them arc aware of tho beneficial effects of that forbearance, which to the exasperating threat, the malicious sneer, or the unjustly imputated culpability, shall never answer a word. A soft answer turns away wrath ; but sometimes erring humanity cannot give this soft answer in moments of irritation ; in such cases, there stands the fortresi of silence, with doors wide open, as refuge for the tired spirits until calmer moments come. Think of this seriously, you who glory in having the last word. Witchcraft. The following anecdote of thee mi ucnt Lord Chief Justice Holt is worth transcribing: His youth gave no premonitions of his maturcr excellence, for be was unmanageably wild, both at Abingdon school, and Oriel college, Oxford; and this incident comprises, in a brief space, what he was then, and the position he ultimately arrived at. An old, decrepit woman being arraign ed before him for witchcraft, ho inquir cd how it was proved; and being ans wcrcd that it was by a spell, he asked to see it, and a piece of parchment was handed to him. Having interrogated the prisoner as to how she obtained it, she told him that a young gentleman gave it to her as a cure for her daught er'H ague, which it had cured aud many others. "I am glad of it," said Holt; and then turning to the jury, ho added : '?Gentlemen, when I was young, thought less, and had spout my money, I and some companions equally unthinking went to this woman's bouse?then a public one; having uo money to pay our reckoning, I hit upon a stratagem to get off scot free. Seoing her daughter ill, I pretended I had a spoil to cure her. I wroto the classic Hue you Bee; so that, if any one is punishable, it is I, and not tho prisoner." She was acquitted, aud tho Chief Justice amply recompensed her for the deceit ho had used toward her in former years. "Bob, how 19 your sweetheart getting aloug?" "Pretty well, I guess;she says I needn't call any moro." A Georgia girl is going to lecture on "kissiug," in Washington. Sho will borrow a young man to illustrate on. Kissiug your swoctheart is like cat ing soup with a fork?it t ikes a long time to get oaough. ? All right old skillet-logs," said a Kansas lawyor to a judge who fiaod him for contempt. Send the Bill to My Husband. Realize, my reader, says a New York paper, the anguish of a lady compelled to stand by another lady wearing larger diamonds than her own, or more point lace, or a longer train. What will the world think, as under the chandelier this painful contrast comes out? Such moments of deep humiliation cause sleepless nights, and the next day results iu bills that become as criminal indict ments to poor, over-worked men. Under the impulse of such trying scenes as these, many a matron has gone forth on Broadway with firm lips and eye? in which glowed inexorable purpose, and placed upon her arms or fingers, that might have helped her husband forward, the gems that would be millstones about his neck. There are many phases of heroism, but if you want your breath taken away, go to a leading and fashionable store and sec some large-souled woman, who will not even count the co.it, or realize the dire consequences, but like sorao martyr of tho past who will show to tho world the object of his faith though the heavens fall, she marches to the counter, selects the costliest jewels, and says, in tones of majesty,-? "Send the bill to my husband !"j -???'"-IM Items'* Most babies are base bawlera* A noisy p'.ece of crockery?the 'sap that cheers. The tallest man is he who rises litest because he lays longest. Micawbcrsits in his garden, waiting for. something to turnip. The man who was filled with emotion hadn't room for his dinner. Keep soft soap three months before using. , To find how hollow the world is join a choir. One drop of salt butter relieves tho ear ache very sooa. The man of sixty is exempt from jury duty. Many wish to got off like sixty The articlo most 'commonly sold at fancy fairs is the visitor. The great secret of having clean white linen is thorough rinsing. Tho season for sleeping on winlr.v sills aud rolliug off is here. ? June, September aud Oatobcr are tho plcasantest wedding months. Little [girls should remember that murderers die of dancing rope. A Now Jersey baggage master (a smasher) has become a preacher. Never keep a pick in the s ni ; p 13k et. as your handkerchief. You may know an old bachelor by the fact that he always speaks of a baby as ' It." A weak '.solution of the germangan ate of potassh will deodorize your . breath. Clipping dogs' ear and tails is a ]sense lcss'mutilalion*. Flour is said to be an excellent ex tiuguishcr for the flamo of burning ker* scne oil. Ooo or two geranium leaves, bruised, bound upon a cut or abrasion will heal it at once. Water standing for some time in a room becomes impure by absorbing nox ious vapors from the air. It is stated that a red ink which re sists tho action of most chemicals may bo made by dissolving carmine in solu bio glass. A French doctor says that a vapor bath at a temperature of 144 degrees' ou seven consecutive days, will cure hydrophobia. They havo found a Chicago police man who wouldn't take a bribe, but it should bo added that he didn't think it large enongh. In tho morning, think of what you are to do in tho day; at night think of what you have done* With kerosene at twenty oonta a gal Ion why should a person take tho fcrou ble to commit suicide ? I "I say, Pat, are you asleep ?V "Not a I sleep." "Thea be afther leniiu.' mo a quarther." "I'm asleep be jabersl"