Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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THE ORANGEBURG NEWS ?:o:? PUBLISHED AT OR A. ISTGKET* IT RG Every Saturday Morning. SOfJCl '. ? BY T1IK 3RANGEBURG NEWS COMPANY ?:o:? TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. Out Copy for one year. $2.00 ?? ?? ?? Six Months..;. 1.00 Any on? fending TEN DOLLARS, for n Clu? of New Subscribers, will receive nn ' KXTRA COPY for ONE YEAR, free of ebargs. Any one sending FIVE DOLLARS, or a Clab of New Subscribers, will receive ? n EXTRA COPY for SIX MONTHS, free of arg e. ?:o:? RATES OF ADVERTISING. 1 Square 1st Insertion. $1.50 ' ?? ?* 2d " . 1.00 A Square consists of 10 lines Krevicr or ' one Iftoh of Advertising space. t* Administrator's Notices, .$T> 00 ' Notices ef Dismissal of Guardians, Ad ministrators, Executors, &c.$9 00 Contract Advertisements inserted upon the most liberal terms. ?:o:? MARRIAGE and FUNERAL NOTICES, not exceeding one Square, inserted without ?b?rge. ?:o:? Terms Cash in dvnnce. "?a J. FELDER MEYERS, TRIAL JISTICFL OFFICE COURT HOUSE SQUARE, Will give prompt attention to all business entrusted to him. mar '20-?If Browning & Browning1, ? ATTORNEYS AT LAW, OKANOEBtlKG U. II., So. Ca. Malcolm I. BftOWXLKO. A. F. It UOW N t NO. noT 4 AUGUSTUS B. KN0WLT0N ATTORNEY AND COUNSELLOR X T L A W , OHAXOERUIttt, S. C. i ? 3oly 8 tf METALLIC CASES. THE UNDERSIGNED HAS ON HAND ?11 of the various Siacs of the above Cases, which can be furnished immediately on ap plication. Also manufactures WOOD COFFINS as usual, and at the shortest notice. Apply to H. RIG GS, ?sar ??Cm Carriage Manufacturer. w. kwTrilby TRIAL JUSTICE, Idcncc In Fork of Etltato, _.LL BUSINESS ENTRUSTED vill be ??TOmpUy end carefully attended to. Hiijr'28 ly &%&? You Want NEW GOODS! GO TO BRIGGMANNS, i IF YOU WANT a CHEAP GOODS GO TO ?t BRIGGMAINN'S *#* 'WHERE YOU'LL FIND Any and Everything., nov 2 lf " 0? i I ??????? - ? DR. A. C. DIKES' ORANGEBURG, S. C, J 44 ?KALIS IN DRUGS, MEDICINES, "?:,..f: PAINTS, AND OILS, FINE TOILET SO Ar?, ?^?BRUSHES AND PERFUMKV, PUftiff W1NE8 and LIQUORS for Medicinal uses! J>YR.vTOODS and DYE-STUPF8 generally. A full line of TOBACCO and 8EOAR8. Farmer* and Physicians from the Country will find our Htocb of Modicinea Complete, Warranted Cenulne nnd of tho Heat Quality. Lot of FRESH OAR DEN SEEDS. 'an 41 o t # Plain Fads for'tho People* We commend the following extracts from the able speech delivered by Gen eral Butler at tho New Hampshire State Fair to all who take an iutcrest iu the practical questions of the day. Although the distinguished orator addressed him- | self to the agricultural interests of the country, the lacts stated, and the con clusions reached, are equally applicable to ull sections aud to every branch of industry. In reference to the Uuuncial condition of the country, the General said : The tendency of our people, whether iu their national, municipal, and social organizations, or iu their personal ca pacity, to go i?to debt, cannot have es caped the attention of every discerning mind. Indeed, drawing drafts ou the future, payable by posterity, and bur- I dcuing tho present generation to pay | the interest, is the resort for carrying ?U all enterprises, and has assumed such proportions, and is fraught with such consequences, that the mind of the statesman and the philosopher of politi cal economies may v eil be turned to it with the greatest attention, il not alarm, because of its possible results upon our luture prosperity. Our National Gov ernment is owing $2,000,00 ',000, o n which we are paying, :n interest, an average of rising six per cent., reckon, iug that interest in the currency with which ull our products are measured At least three fourths of that amount is ?lue to foreign bankers and capitalists. If this were all, ami no other consequ ences arose from it, there need be little anxiety, and it would hardly be worth the attention of the statesman or econo mist iu calculating the luture of the nation. Divided among forty million* uf people, in a country of the expanse und resources of ours, it would be easily nmtiiigod. .Jiut every State iu this I'u iou, with hardly an exception, ha-debts amounting in the aggregate to quito j ?400,000,000. But our indebtedness does no? stop there. Quite every country, every city and town iu every St .to in the Union owes debts, more or io>s, to an ?mouut iu the aggregate to perhaps one half as much as tho debts of the States, including the advances uitdc for municipal, railroads, and other like enterprises. Nor do we stop there. Our railroads have borrowed, und are owing a bonded debt uf 8000,000,000. Nor does the furor of indebtedness yet stop. Alme t every college und institution of learning, from the modest academy up tu the university, each and all owe sums of which nn approximation can hardly be made, and which no statistics show Nay, we go still further. We draw up on posterity to get the means of hearing the Gospel. All know that a very large majority of the thousands of churches which the census shows have buildings dotting our lands, have been built ou credit given, iu fact, by the coming generation. General Butler then showed how the proceeds of t^e war debt of the nation aud of the bulk of the State debts were destroyed in the war; that costly public or educational buildings do lot add to productive capacity, and that of the $120,000,000, which wo must annually pay abroad, only 150,000,000 are tho product of our gold and silver mines ; the rest must be paid from tho products of tho soil, exported abroad. He con tinued : Now, as our statistics show that, as a rule, for the last eight yetrs, not to go back further than the conclusion ol'the wnr, our imports of foreign merchandise annually execoded our entiro exports, including gold from our mines, which all goes abroad, you will naturally ask me, bow has the interest in the mean time been paid, and bow tho balance yearly found against us of tho d.fTorenoc between the amounts of our imports and exports ? 1 h< ve just stated to you that wo owed substantially none of these na tional und Stute debts contracted during the war to the foreign bankers at its closo, but wchavc been paying the bal ances ot trade, which have been against us year by your, by expanding our inter est bearing bonds running for twenty and forty years, and selling thorn some limes as low as sixty cents on the dollar to pay ihe interest on the bonds thorn selves, then already sold, and balances, until we have sent out of tho country our notes or bonds to tho immense sum beforo stated. Now, thero must aod w ill come a time wheu this sale of bonds abroad must ?top, because our national income exceeds our expenditures, a i 1 wo shall nut incur any new debt, an 1 nothing will be left us with which to pay the interest upou what WO owe to foreigners, unless we export more- than wo import to an nniount sufficient. Iu the production of that which is consumed tu support life ^of men und animals, we have, as agriculturists, been ski in uii'ng the very cream from our Jaods, nnd ut uu very distant period shall 11 e obliged to go back and go over them again and remove those which we have worn out. The time is within the memory of many who sit before me when the Gencsoe valley produced tho wheat and flour which fed New bhigland ; yet within live yljars wheat raised by labor costing SI ;"U per day has been brought from California, fil'.eju thousand miles round the Horn, and ground tn the mills of Rochester, in tho centre of the v'tate of New York, to feed its people. Now England and New York next received their wheat from Virginia, raised on lutids u iW overgrown with d-trfc pine Foplings, worn out by waste ful and exhaustive culture without renovation. Tina, ^t. Louis flour was the favorite brand in our mirkots. Now our bread is grown j-till further west and north., and Minnesota and Iowa arc the wheat producing sections of the couutryj and we look for cur corn, which we once produced tit home, to the lands of Indiana and Illinois prairies, where, I admit, it is still produced iu such quanti ties that, because of the exactions of railroads in their tariffs of freight for transportation or coal, corn is the cheap est material for fuel, were it n<_t that he who burns it ir. burnin>? the very heart OUt of ^tl o F?ll lli.it cannot always b.-ar the drain of its life-blond without replenishing. We have h -en boasting and acting as if we cot.Id supply tho world with bread etufls ; end so we bavo done tibnoet, and can do, if the iron horse is permitted to draw our wheat and corn to the sea board without loo great charge, and not cat up the crop before it reaches the consumer. But wo mu9t rein unher that for every bush.d of wli.it thit crosses the ocean, nothing co nes back which goes ou to the land again, even if we do not pay our dibts, national or individual, with it Silks, satins, and broadcloths, whu't we receive in return, may dress our sons and daughters in the goodly array I Bee before me, but they do nut dress the laud ami the effect has been thai the wheat producing s et ions of our c< untry recede westward, eating up new lauds day by day, in turn I. given up, until jumping the alkaline plains, tho Rocky mountains, aud the Sierras, we arc bringing the food lor the population of Eastern "cities from tho western slope of tho Pacific, raised iu the rich fields' or California, by lab >r drawn from the mines, the only other source ef production from which to pay our debts abroad ; and lifter these shall be exhausted, neither the 'Star of Empire" nor the production of food can further "westward take i;s way." Let me give yon an illustration of the man tier in which wo have used up another j natural product accessary to the health I and comfort of man, whioh we dealt with us if boundless, and indeed it seemed to be, and inexhaustible, as indeed it was not. How have we destroyed our pine forests, extending in a belt between the two oceans, aud of tho width of ten degrees of latitude above nnd below tho great lakes ! With in two generations wo have so devastated our foicsts, sending 'uuibcr all over the world, besides using it recklessly aud extravagantly fur ourselvo-i, that wo are now depending upon the Dominion of ('atinda for thesame means of building and furnishing our houses with the same materiul that our fathers used in building theirs, unless wo quintuple the price, nnd in addition content ourselves with using a much inferior quality. In the same manner we have taken all from our la,nds yenr by year, and returned nothing. Crop lias succeeded crop, until in many cases the farms are abandoned for the purposes of t illagc, bee.iii8o the production in a few years does not more than pay tho increased prico of labor nnd material ex pended. Thus, you will see the double drain up on the country ; first, that the produuu is seut uboad and sold to pay the inter est on a debt which has not aided und does not aid production ; secoudly, if anything clso is brought back it is nothing that profitcth tho hind. We are literally, therefore, iu this rogard, burning the candle, at both ends, and it becomes a problem of the deepest mo inent to the Btatcsroan aud agriculturist how far this cau go on und not sap the nation's wealth. Nay, not only this, but there is very little returned to the land from that which we use ot home. .Sent into cities and towns, and there con Mimed, that which might be saved from it is lost by our wastefulness and washed by tho great sewers into the rivers and harbors, choking them with filth, and end; tigering the health Of tluir people, by throwing that away which, if brought again upon the land, would be rieh productiveness and untold wealth. There can bo no more instructive example of our recklessness as agriculturists than tho wastefulness oftho'very means we have of enriching our lands. Wc boast of our civilization and advancement in knowleilge and the arts of agriculture, aud we speak with scornful c mtempt ol tho fomi-barbarous Chinese ; yet they utilize every atom of matter which may enrich the soil, and arc thus enabled to produce more of the means of sustaining life and feeding a people from a rod of land than we obtain from an acre. Hut this drain upon our re-ouroes by the payment of our dent abroad, from which wc get no return, is not the only evil of our system ol iudebtment. The invest mcnt of inouey at iutcre.st simply, and nut using it iu manufacture, agriculture, or otherwise in aid of the product ion or prcpara ion of tho comforts and necess aries of life, raisesjfrp and supports, of necessity, a chiss ornon-produccrs w hich, living upon incomes, the principal ol which dors uot aid in production makes them the very drones of society, eating out a sub.->t.mc; which they do not iu any decree bring into being. There in not so expensive a class in a community as those who merely live upon incomes derived from twy in vest m> nts of money for non-productive puipos-s "They toil not. "ncitTier d > they spin ; hut the lilies of the valley are not arrayed like one ofibesc." The entire address is very able .nil intonating, and we should bo glad to i t putdi h it were it n >t fur lack ol room. Jiow to liny a Horse. Rev. W. II. Murray, in his new book on -'Ihe Morse," gives es the lollowing: lie sure that the horse you purchase has symmetry, viz : is weil proportioned throughout. Never purchase a horse because ho has a splendid development of one part ol bis organization, if he be lacking iu any other. Above all, kern well in mind wh\t you are buying for. und buy the horse best adapted to the work you will require of him; and when such nil auiinal is yours, be content Nevir jockey. An occasional exchange may be allowable; but this daily ''swap ping" ol horses advortiscs a man's incouipitoney lor anything higher. Another caution in this: Never pur chiuc a bcrse until you have seen him move, and under the same ponditioua to which he will be exposed in the service you will expect of him. If lor a draft, see bim draw, back, ami turn around iu both directions; if for the road, see how he bandies himself, not merely on level ground, but goiug up sharp declivities ; and, above all, in descending them. In this way you will ascertain the faults or excellencies of both his temper and .-t ructuro. In the.-e exercises drive b in your.iolf. Tho reins in a skillful h ind, aided by the whip or mouth, cm be made to conceal gravo defects. Let him move with a loose rein, BO that he may tako bis natural guit, unln*t his artificial ; for, by so doing, you will detect .my mistakes of judgment you have mad a when looking bin? over iu a stato of activity. 'Many a time un?oundn '>s w ill appear in motion, which no inspection ofthe'eye and linger, however close, can ascertain? When you have walked him am', jogged him, if he is to serve any other than mere draft purposes, put him to bis speed, und keep him at it fur a sufficient distauce to test his breathing capacity ; then pull llitn up: jump from tho wagon and look at his flanks ; in spcrt bis nostrels, and put your oar eloso to the side of his ehest, in order tu ascer. tain if the action of the heart is normal. If this exercise has caused hiui to per spire freely, all tho better ; lor you can sec, when you take him back to the stable whether ho "dress off" quickly, as all horses do in perfect health. The rarest thing in tho world- What is called common scmct * Why Clover I in proves Tho Soil. Professor Tocklcr thus explains tho action of elover increasing the fertility of the soil; "All who are perfectly acquainted with the subject must have seen that the best crops of wheat are produced by being preceded by crops of elover for seed. I have come tu the couclusion lb at the very bejt preparation, the heat manure, is a good crop of elover. Avast amount of mineral manure i'^ brought within reach of the corn crop which otherwise, wmld rcua'n in a loeked-up condition in all the soil. The clover plants take nitrogen from the atmospher, and manufacture it into their own sub stance, which on decomposition of the clover r.ots and leaves, produces abun dance of ammonia. 1 u reality, the grow - ing ol clover is equivalent, to a great ex tent, to manuring with Poruv iin gtt t 00. 'fake foi instance red clover, the h s*. of nil green manures. The great En glish chemist, Professor v> ay, of the Royal Agricultural College at Oirences ter, made a perfect analysis of dry red clover ami found every ono hundred part? to contain as follows : Silica. 0.50 Lime.25.02 Magnesia. 4.08 Oxide of iron. 0.29 Pomsh.39.45 Soda.?.GO.00 Chloride of Potassium. 2.31) Chloride ol Sodium.2.53 Carbonic Aiid.2:>.-f7 Phosphoric Acid. G.71 Sulphuric Acid. 1.35 The Invention of tho Cotton Gin. As it.in pretty well known. Eli Whit ney in the year invented the cotton saw gin, .I' d thus laid the foundation fur tho edifice of this country's greatness n? :i cotton producing urea. Whitney was a native of Massachusetts and moved to Georgia. With scarcely any appliances usually con.-iueicd requisite, he set about his work, which he wrought to a successful issue, though various and vact improvements havo b.ion since made upon Whitney's ntcchauisiu. Whit ney died iu IS25, and is buried in the cemetery, New Haven, Conn. While in Georgia, Whitney boarded with a lady named Green, who owned a large plantation near the city of Sa vannah. On rne occasion a number of planters were invited to dine at Mrs. Green's house, and iu the course of the day a Jiscutsion arose upon cotton and its management. One gentleman of large experience, observed that if some means were devivsd whereby the seed could be ? separated from the Hat, c lttou planting .\'ouId become a great business. Mrs. Green, aware probably of the proclivities or her lodger, invited him to tuko part in tho Conversation. Ou the requirement being mentioned to him, he stated that he could invent a machine to do the work. How be kept his word is w>li known, for soon afterwards npj eared the saw cotton giu. In spite, however, of the great boon, which he conferred upon the country, Whitney died a poor man, like very many of tho world's greatest benefactors. ?iigiiii; to Cons. Cows arc sociable, and andersten d more than we suppose The way I came iu possession of thif. choice bit of lenowij edge, Tim and 1 used to sing to our cows. They knew vory quick when we changed from one tuno to another. We have tried them repeatedly. When we Bung sober church hymns, they'd lop their cars down, look serious and chaw their cud very slowly, reminding mo? no irrovercoce meditated?of nice old ladies in church, listening to the words of the preacher, yet all tho time irnn ehiug cloves. Theo we'd change to some quick air, "Yankee Doodlu" or the like, and they would shako their beads, open their eyes, blink at us as much as to say, "Slop, don't you knowj we arc the deacou's cows?' Rut whon we would stop entirely, every cow would turn her head, us if asking us to go on with our singing. If it was pleasant, we generally sang together through the entire milking. I love thj dear ani mals that add so much to our comfort. Roys, will you not bo kind to tho cow?? Canada Fanner. Cultivation of Wheat. Touching the subject of tho cultiva tion of this cereal, M. L. Dunlap, of 111. writes: The culture of Spring wheat has been a, series of experiments, and has succeed ed after a long struggle. Iu the early settlement of the country, when the atmosphere was saturated with moisture from the low lauds that had not been ex posed to the drying winds the heat and moisture combined to give the straw a too Iuxuriart growth, and, if sultry weather occured at the time of the fill ing uf the berry, the crop was certain to be .struck with rust. Ou the othsr band, if at the period uf its gro wththo weather was cool, it was fullowcd with a large yield?ultcn thirty or furty bush els tu the acre. Hut the culture of the praries, by plowing and pasturage, brought a change in the hygrotnetric condition of the climate, and the result is a less luxuriant growth of straw a do creased danger from rust, and a less abundant yield in the favorable seasons, so that now the seasons produce a more uniform yield of the grain. Thenagtin, wc have learned that although the wheat crop may not take from the soil more potash and sand to coat an acre of corn yet that amount is required at a much earlier period of the season; hence, a different treattneut. of the soil is requir ed, in order that this supply shall be iu readiness. Important County Sunday Schaol Work. With a view to assist in organizing and establishing schools, as well as help ing and encouraging these already exis ting, a gentleman has been laboring for two months past in Westchester county, with good success, Not in the interest ot any ono denomination of Christians, but his aim has been simply to aid in the organization of new schools leavin1 the church connection to bo decided, by the parties themselves. This mission ary, the Rev. Wm. II. (Jain, reports that for the past two months he has walked and rid lea nearly eight, hundred miles, and visited about fourbunJred families, whilst pru-ecuting his wotk. lie hns established and put in working -'.ape quite a number of. schools, in lo calitits wlwrj nono had before existed: und resuscitated many that had been sus pended for a year or more. A large part of tho county is still to bo gone over, and it is tn be hoped the work will go on and be completed, as vigorously as it lias beeu begun. Mr. George H. Petrie, of Spuyten Dnyvil, who is cor responding socetary Irom this county, for the New York State Sunday Teich el 's Association, has the wurk uudor his personal supervision. A Strango Sight at Sr\a. In the year 17S2, the captain of a Greenland whaling vessel, found him self at. night surrounded be icebergs, and 'day to" until raorniug, expecting every moment to be ground to pieces, in the morning he looked about aud saw a ship mar by. Ho bailed it, but re ceived uo answer. Gotting into a boat with some of his oro*v, he pushed out for the mysterious oraft. Coming along side the vessel, be saw through the port bole a man at a table as though keep ing a log book, frozeu to death. The last date in the log book was 17G2, showing that tho vessel had beeu drif ting for thirteen years among the ice. Tho railors were fuuud, somo frozen among the hammocks and others in the cabin. Fur thirteen years this ship h id been carrying its burden of corpses?a drifting sepulchre maimed by a frozen crew. An Alleokd Discovert ofImtor tanck.?The scwieg mncl inc in^orests nro greatly exercised over an alleged discovery among tho Knglish patents If is said that a patent has boen found, tinted July 17, 1790, granted by tho British Government to Thomas Paint, pi umbered 1,764, for a sewing maohino, having all the essential features of the Araorican invention?a horizontal table support, a perpendicular oscillating needle bar, an eyo pointed straight noodle, a perfect horizontal autmiitie feed, an upper tonsion for spacing the stitches, a "take-up" to tighten theru, and a spool on the top of the arm. This can be easily verified, as there are copies of tbo English patents at oar public libraries. It is supposed to invalidate all the earlj Ameriean pa tents by priority of invention. Jt cor* rcctly staled, ft passes belief that such a record should have so long remained undiscovered. - I? ? I ' T A Green Mountain Boy. u%'\ hat do you charge for board V asked a tall Green Mountain boy, as he walked up to the bar of a second rats) hotel in New York: "what do yon ask for a week for board sod lodgingsT "Five dollars." "Fire dollars! that's too much; but I s'pose you'll allow foe ibo time I am absent from the dinner and supper ?" "Certainly; thirty-seven and a half cents each. Hare the conversation ended, and tho Yankee took up his quarters for two weeks. During this time he lodged and breaklasted at the hotel, but did not take ciiher dinner or supper, saying his business detained him in another portion of the town. At the expiration of the two weeks, he again walked up to the bar, and said, 'S'pose we settle that ac count: I'm going in a few minutes./ The landlord handed him his aooonnt: " ywo weeks board at five dollars?-tten dollars." ? I ..i "Here, stranger," said tho Yankee, "this it wrong; you've not deducted tho times I was abscDt from dinner and sap* per?14 days, 2 meals per day, 28 e-'jsJa vt 37 1 2 cents each?10 dollars 50 cents. If you've not got the 50 that's due, I'll take' a drink fiS& the balance in cigars!" A Procession of Turtles and Frogs.?For some days past the westfc er had been dry, and the ponds on tbw prairie failed iu water. The turtles and frogs that had been living in the vicinity of one of theso stood it for a day or two, but it finally bacamo too dry For fr?^s, and thoy decided to migrate. The near* est pond that contained water was three miles distant; and to this the turtles and frogs started in solitary proctsaion, the tunics i:i advance, ssgtcimily dilating tho way, and the frogs bringing up the rear, with their deep bass and shrill tenor cries: "Go it!' ".Go it V? ?*Wa tor!" "Wator"' Tbo procession stretch, cd out over the prarie a quarter of a mile long, and steadily marched to the goal, when nuch a roliokiag scene as en sued cau be better imagined than describ ed. The Chester Reporter furnishes tho following : "During the argument of one of the learned counsel of this bar OS last Friday aftcnoon, the presiding judge discovered that Reuben Stroad, a colored member of the jury, was taking: a little of "nature's sweet restorer, balmy sleep." He adored a bailiff to awaken him, and procoeded to impose upon hint a fine of one dollar. His Honor stated to him that the fine was made snvCl becauso his nap was taken during tho argument, saying that he would have, fined him at least twenty-five dollars if he had gono to sleep while tho testimony was beiog taken. As cool a person, under the circuav stances, as was ever heard of, was a young nobleman, who, in a frightful railroad accident, missed his valet. One of the guard came up to him and said: "My Lord, we have fouud your servant, but ho is cut in two " "Aw, is he ?'* said tho young man, with a Dundreary drawl, but still with anxiety depictedea his countenance, "will you be gwood, enough to see in whioh half ha has got the key of my carpet-bag 7" Tho New Orleans Times geta off the. following bustling poetry : Mary bad a little lamb, With whiohshe used to tussle, She snatohed the wool all off its back, And fluffed it in her bustle. The lamb soon saw he had been fleeced, And in a passion flew; But Mary got upon her ear And stuffed the lamb in too. A Methodist clergyman gives, at a part of his experience, that sinuses after sinless perfection ears easily managed bat that those of his flock who attain it *a b icomo thenceforward eiceediogly crook ed aud contrary sticks. The new postal cards' does not seem to bo well understood in Augusta. \ young man received one yesterday, and after tearing at It for some time, said to a friend standing by? "See here, Jaok^ 1 can't get the darned thing open,"