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VOLUME 7. SATURDAY MORNING, JUNE 28, 1873. NUMBER 22
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?a? IP f
Important H?raestoad Decision,
Western District of Kurth Cumlinn.
ViKtrict Court\ June 'Sr3. 1873
h\ re Jordiin, \
Baukrapt. ) In Bankruptcy
In this case it is certified by tJie
Register, that the foliowin^ questions
nrose in the course of proceedings, were
stated and agreed to by the counsel of
the opposing parties, and presented to
this Court lor adjudication:
lbt. "Is <.iir present bankrupt lnw
unconstitutional because not uniform?"
2nd. "Can tho llunkr ipt.T.aw have
n retrospective effect without impairing
the obligation of contracts und has ton
gross such power '("
3rd. "Is the petitioner 0?titled to
said lands (the homestead sit apart by
assignee) as part ol his rightful exemp
tions as against a judgment rendered
prior to the ratification oi the Constitu
tion of North Carolina upon a coutract
made before the pre-ent bankrupt law
was enacted IV
4th. ' Should not the lands he Bold
by the assignee, and the proceeds arising
from said sale he distributed among the.
er? ditors whose debts wi re made b fore
t ho ratification of our present tato
Constitution '?"
A written opinion was fiU-d by II. G.
F.wort, Esq.,, Bcgister iu Bankruptcy',
upon the various questions certified.
Craves & llymau, Att'ys for Bank
rupt. Bickens, Attorney for creditors.
Biciv, J.?1 concur iu ihe ublo and
will prepared opinion of the Register
upon the seven I yie-tiuu which Jpivo
been certified to this Court for thIjti 1 i
cation.
Tn re lleekerke.rd. 1, 1$. II. f)9, the
I". S. Circuit Court of Missouri decided
that, "The provisions ol c^eo. I-4-of the
Bunkrn.pt Act ad opting the exempt ions
in fuvor n?.eae?utiau diautiii-y u-i.?.'.?. u. i
by the laws of the several St-.tes does
not destroy tin uniformity of the Bank
rupt Ac:, nor violate any of the pro
visions of the Federal Con-tit uti >u
'I be question decided was diic-'tly
presented for adjudication, and tho >piu
?i in of Miller Si Krekel, .1 .1. i- positive
and forcible and seems to h ive been
well cons:dered.
1 feel .safe in relying upon any legal
decision of Mr. Jtistic Miller, as there
is no Judge ill any country whose judi
rial opinions are entitled to more con
sidorutiuu, or greater weight uf author
The amendment cf-Tuuc Sth, 1-7-'
does not materially vary the question ol
uniformity decided iu re. Bcckcrkord,
as it only changes the date when th ?
State ? xi uiptious are adapted ; und the
Act of March 3rd, 1>t:; declares the
true intent and meaning of t lie Act of
.I uue 8th, 1st", nnd re enacts it with
.-nine alterations rend red necessary by
the circumstances ol the times
Tho general policy and purpose ol
hank rupt laws is to niako un equal dis
tribution of the effects of nn insolvent
debtor among all of his ere liters, and
then discharge an holiest debtor from all
I rior debts.
liefere tho adoption of the Federal
Constitution each State possessed the
general powers of sove reignty and coul !
paf-s bankrupt laws to operate up Ml its
own citizens, but could not affect the
rights of-the citizens of Oilier .States.
As it whs easy to foresees that th rc
would be many business transaction?
ami much coiiiiiierei.il intercourse he
twecn the citizens of the several States
which would necessarily j r nliicc con
s:dcrablc individual indebtedness, which
might icsiilt in extensive financial
embarrassments ; it was obvious to the
farmcrs of th? federal constitution that
the benefits of.U wise, humane and
general system of bankrupt y, which
might, under certain exigencies, booouie
necessary to promote the h ippiu -s- ami
commercial prosperity of the nation;
could only be effectually cstablishc I. by
the federal government adopted by the
people of- the several State- for general
and national purposes.
To provide for any emergency thai
might urine for a general bun I'rupt law,
the constitution V.OSted the ueoessiu)
sovereign power iu Congress, Vitb iiu
other limitation than that the laws up
on such subject should bo uniform ill
their operation a uong the several
States.
The uuifoiiuity required is as to tho
general policy ami operation of such
laws; ns for instance, that the common
law right which a debtor b is 11 prefer
ono creditor over another nhall be taken
awajr ninl his property be equally dis
tributee) among all ol'bis creditors : that
bankrupts who make an honest sur
render of their effects sh.ill bo discbai
?:ed from ull prior debts? that all ques
tions relating to bankrupts, their estates
and creditors shall be udjustcd and
adiuiUistored in the same courts and by
the same hums nnd modes ol proceeding.
'I besc general purposes of bankruptcy
me c< Mainly provided for in tho present
Bankrupt Act, and uro everywhere
administered with uniformity in?thc
federal courts; and this is the extent of
I ho uniformity required by tbo constitu
tion to make such laws operate equally,
justly, effectually and beneficially in
every part of the nation.
The Bankrupt Act tu some minor
particular must necessarily operate
differently in the dim rent. States. Thus,
the bankrupt law regards as valid tho
legal and equitable I'eus existing by law
in the .-eve.ial States; aud us the nature,
force and effect of snob lieus are depeu
dene lipon local laws they will, in soino
rospects, be different in the differ cut
Suites.
The Kuglisb doblrioc of tho equitable
lien of a vend ir or-purchaser of real
estate is organized in some of our States,
and not in Others; and where it exists it
is euforcud iu tie courts of bankruptcy
A bankrupt court adjusts the rights of
creditors, aud administers the effect of a
bankrupt, subject to the charges: whctll
e b) way of lieu er exemption, which
are created by the laws.of the St it?*s-tin
wbieh such court is held or the \ ropcrt)
to be dis| used of is situated This rub
was udoptet! to make the bankrupt law
! as uniform us pis.-ibo among the State*,
by recognizing local laws and thus pro
serving the Iturmnnv and spirit of com
inuiiity which should always exist lie
twceo the f?deral hud State government.
? This rule Joe- not vi date but Castries
i (, ~ -- -
loco rr.t el that ""; r .vi-i.-n ..f the const!
tutioii whic.i requires all national bank
n.pt laws to be u ilot in in their opera
ti ii .ine-nu ihc h vi ral St .tc>.
The principles itiv .'. cd in the sdcoud
question certified by the 11 ogistor are ton
obivious- and ton well settled by numer
uns ail;ud cations, to need u ly !'?? thej;
; discussion Congress Cfyf'tihly lias the
I leu.it j a::d paramount p ?wer, s.v. i!i ?
restriction1 shove oonsid red, to pass
bauk'upt laws which will not only im
pair the obligation of contracts, but
entirely discharge the debtor from such
obligat'oii; no inattor when or whore
con tin.'ted. Congi ess also has the power
iu establishing a uniform system ol
bankruptcy to do away with the effects
of liens crea'ed by the judgment of any
coin t If a judgiiicnt can b ? diseh ir^c i
by ii bankrupt law, there Is no reason
why a lien which is an incident to a
judgment ran not hIko b-; discharged A
lien by j id^cmoit 1 >os n >t er re any
i. ftnl riifhl in the proporty subject to
stieh lieu, which the constif.titi ui protect
from legislative encroiohui int. It is
neither a right in, nor to su -li pr >;i ?:;
but simple a charge imposed there in by
statute. It is a part of the remedy jvhi It
the local law gives a creditor in the col
lection ot'his Icl-ts. nnd n particular
remedy is not a vested right. Asa
gent-rill rule every St ate has e impletc
control over the remedies which it shall
afford to parties in it-- c uirt. LJorton v
M.-Call, till N C. 10:), La.l l V. Ad ...is,
ibil. lu'-l, Coolcy Con. him., "5-,
3?l.
The. extent, force and effect of a lieu
created by a State statute must depend
upon the interpretation given mich sta
tut.- by the highest court of the State
VVo have seen in the cases above cited,
that iu this State a judgment lieu is not
n vc-etcd light. As a remedy it may be
modified by tho 1 gisltitare, nnd an)
ibai.ee that does not virtually destroy
the remedy, ilocs not impair the obliga
tion jf existing contracts.
The boniest cad laws of this State do
not abolish judgment lions, but merely
postpone the time of their enforcement'.
This modification of a legal remedy may
well bo regarded as rcasouublo by a court
of justice which takes into consideration
the anomalous coudition of thiiigs exis
ting when the modification was made, ami
and that it was prompted by a wise and
human policy which must necessarily
iu ult in the general public good.
\\ bile the States are prohibited by
tho Constitution from iiupuiritig the
obligation of contracts?cither diioctly
or by virtually abolishing existing reme
dies- no such inhibition is imposod upon
Congress. The \ owor expressly cuufer
red upon Coii^re:,* to tnact uuilorni
bankrupt la WS, j .8 n-.essari!y an express
power" to tlo away entirely with eon*, net s
as such a result is the very object nnd
essence of bankrupt laws. But it is
insisted that while.Congress may have
this paramount power over contracts, it
exceeded its authority iu enacting that
State exemptions sdrill be "valid ag linst
liens by judgment or tec roc of any State
courts" This is c< '?vuh.nl to saying
that the contract ma;,- be impaired, but
the mtf'/i/ must not.no interfered with
? the jm'iicijial may be destroyed, but
im nt is protected again t legislative
There is nothing in the nature ol
!>'< ns why I hey should be thus specially
protected, as they arc not vested rights;
but there are stror.g reasons why they
should u<>t be recognized and enlbrci ? !
by bank rupt laws. The cu'.orcuuieut of
liens is certainly contrary to th.- policy
of a general system;of bankruptcy, the
object" of which is to distribute the es
tate 6f an-insolvent debtor among nil of
his creditors, upon the principle thai
equality is equity. Liens, upon general
principles, certainly deserve uo special
lavor and protection 111 bankrupt laws.
'J ho Bankrupt Act,'before the amend (
nicnt of March 8', 1S73, in express
tern s avoids lions valid u der Si
law* and created by the levy ol an at
tachinent wit! in four mouths before the !
commencement ol j roccedtngs in bunk- i
ruptey, and this action of Congress is
generally conceded id be constitutional.
Coiigrws has even interfered with
VMttxl rights^ Ihr by iho .'I.V. h section ol
the Bankrupt Act, assignments and
conveyances made under certain circum
.stames are avoided, althoti a >u h a
sig*>incuts und conveyances are v.ilid at
common law and under the liws ? f tho
State, and the parties*have acquired a
eomphta title and pos>osiou of the pro
j.iity conveyed.
I have a very decided opinion that
Congress did not excc.<l thjo omits ol its
t os.titutional powers in enacting t'..,.
.?.et 6. March t\ IST'll ! I nl - thit.k
thni Congress, under its general powers
over the buhject ?f bankrupt v Li ... .
avoid all ltcus, whether existing by
statute, by usage, by express co.ulraci,
or at eoiniu .in law
The Oa>c oftiui'.n v. !#..' ry, rceqiitly
decided in the Su; ? no Court of the
j Cnited Stales, has be i i iilel to inv
I attention in the argil uohi, a i S i-? w >r
! thv of Uiy'most careful e? n-i icr..ti m us
1 't is an exposition ul the law by the
supreme judicial tribunal uf the nation.
Tho opinion is read withgte.il i (crest,
both by lawyers mi ! laymen, i i every
section of the country, ami the d 'cLsion
may result in scri ins c mscquciiccs to
many of our people The qucstidus of
law involved have be n rre juuutly dis
cussed t>y able COUIl-ol, ..od Il iVC been
lecidtid differently in many of the Su
pretuc Courts of the St tea. The opiu
1 ion of Mr. Justice Sw.iyne is not chibor
' ate. and the question-* prus.uited' arc hot
us full") considered us 1 had .-opposed
they would hive h in. oi, account o'
1 ? i i * I.
tlteir iiiiportunco anu gcucr.il public
interest, when the homes op tensol
thousands of our unfortunate citizens I
may depoud up m the d eision, and
when the action of so many state cm
ventioas, lcgisl.it ur s nod supreme
courts limy be overruled.
? The nb.-tr.ict principles decided iu i
(Inun v. Harry, are aim uuced in al
most tho same lunguago to he good law
iu 11.11 v. Kessler, in the Supremo
Court of this State, and tho apparently
different decisions in tin two cases may i
be easily rCCOIlcili i. The do'lSioil in ,
(iunn \. Barry would have h on made
iu Bill v. Kessler under a similar stato
I of facts'. Tho exemption lawoSUoor
gig gave a homestead ibsjlutely,to the !
debtor, and deprived tie; creditor of all 1
remedy. In Hill \. Kessler, it i- con
J ceded that if a State abolish or injurious*
ly change the legal remedy existing at
the time a conti act is made, such action
Would be Void, as in violation ol the
Constitution of itie lluited States. In
both the cuses which we arc oousidorilig
it is agreed that i State may change
legnl remedies provided such change
does not impair a substant in I right.
Such change's are usually ma le to meet
some ucw condition of things, and is
inUuenccd by reasons of public policy?
Tho legislature i? the propor body to
consider and net upon questions ot pub
lic policy, nnd the legislative, will, upou
such subjects, gought to be lOgaide I as
the luw. of the land by the ju liciary,
unless it is manifestly in violation ol tho
Constitution.
Imprisonment b>r debt wai a remedy
iu this State for lh< i ulor teuicut of cju
tracts. Tbc legislature thought this'
remedy a relic pf bavbarism and ought
not to exist t in a free, enlightened and
Christian State, aud Buch remedy Was
oboli.-hed. Tbo constitutionality of this
legislative hctiori would bo sustain d in
any court, although it impaired existing
uud aabttantUd riyhtt. 'i ho enlightened
legal principles that coutrol this ques
tion w ill certainly sustain the homestead
laws of ibis Stale, upon the grounds of
humanity and u wise public policy.
These laws do not destroy vested lights,
disturb specific liens or abolish auy
bg 1 remedy, but only postpone the
tiine of their enforcement.
I do not regard the case of II ill v.
Kessler as overruled by Ouuii v. Barry,
but I will not consider the qtiostioa fur
ilicr, as ii belongs moroappropriately to
aunt iu r ti ibuual.
The questiou presented for tuy dclcr
iiiiuatioii is?how fur docs the case of
Cuiin and Barry e|Tcct the homestead
rights of insolvent il blots iu a court ot
bankruptcy. In that case it Is decided
thus: ''Congress cannot, by authorization
..r raliiicatiun, give the .slighteet effect
to a Si i*d law or Constitution in couilicl
with the Constitution of the United J
States. This instrument i i above :<ti 1 i
beyond the power of Congress and
th ' tcs, aud is alike obligatory up in
both.-'
I admit the soundness of the legal
principle .-?? clearly and forcibly ex
pressed. A State statute that is iu vi
olation of the (Constitution of the Uni
ted States, is absolutely void, and no
power in the government can give it
vitality or authorise its oporation as a
.S'.itr [,itl?. . ?
But there are so:uo suhjuot Upon
which a Stato canimi,rightl'ulU legislate
and \<t Congress iimv do so under the
Constitution. A State cannot coin
money, emit hills of credit, make ai.\
j thing bat gold ami silver coin II ten lei
I oi payment 01 debi^j $ic~.t but
can p .s- laws upon such subjects, and i:i
j legislating may adopt and enact till)
vi r. j : tii-iples it it I i er ins of an in ? .u
stituiioiinl Stute law': If this Statu hud
nilbptcd the present bankrupt law.;
would have been UnCOUSlitutioiiah a- it
uipairs lliu ubli0ulioii of contracts aud
aU'tcis the ri^ht ..f the eitixMis of other
Slate*. Congivss, bowevi-r. Could a lop t
the very language hrvd principles: of
such Stato law an I ctinet it a* a na
tional law'j ami such action would bo
constitutional, as it would constitute a
s}Ktom of bankruptcy uniform among
the State-.
The Act of March Jlrd, 1S73, docs
n 'i profe s. by l,authoriz .ti m or ratifi ? i
tion," to make valid State exemption
laws which are utieolistitutiou&l, but
adopts the principles of such laws and
to a c< it mi extent makes tbeui a par; of
tie general Brattkrupt fiw. Thy Act
says in express terms''th.it the cxcuip
tious allowed the bankrupt shall he th i
ttmou t all wed by tho Constitution aud
laws of each State respectively as tx ?<
iug i.i the y .r uighlcon huudroJ and
seventy- ne." It will be observed that
the Act of March 3rd, 1 $73, makos a
material change i i re-enacting the Aci
ol June Sth, 1 -7-. by substituting the
wr?rds <?.< / rhftvg in place ol th" words
in force. Ii is manilest from the terms
ol' the Act ol March 3rd, lS73thut the
object of Congress was t > do away with
a difficulty thai aroso under t1 u Act of
June Pth, 1-72, by some State court
declaring that exemptions to debtors iu
Stato e institutions an i laws were not iu
h?c;' :s to uutecc K nt debts, as such
pari of such laws were in conflict with
the Constitution ol the United States.
Congress therefore expressly declared
that such Stale exemptions should ho
valid against antecedent d bt-; nn 1 <\r
inthmtr?t substit ?ted the words its < v ?'.-*?
<*??/ iu place ot the Wordj ./< ,' *.. ?, and
iuieuded that the exemptions allowed
under the bankrupt law should bo tho
ei/lii uvt designated in (thc Constitution
and 1 iws of the States respectively fti
? ti. t'.i>< in the yeir ISTl'i even f such
law? us State t<tivx, should be ditol.nvd to
be uucoiiSlitutioual by the Courts. As
tho pow er ol Congress over the subject
ui" bankruptcies: is pb nary an I para
mount aud us its intents is so clearly
nianifestcd by its action, we are o1'the
opinion that the Act of .March 3rd,
L873 is codatitutional sud must be
administer, d iu the bankrupt* courts
according to its true intent and moaning
unmistakably expressed in itslutiguugd
The except ions to the report of the
assignee are disallowed, nod .mi report
is iu ail things confirmed.
KM BT. P DICK,
i . #, f>ut. Judge.
A New Hsmipshin; Farmer.
He is Made Ciia/.y uv Ha ho Wuiik.
? N 1''1.0 Ulli A.
A correspondent of the New York
(S'tfll tells the following story : About
throe years ago a farmer named .Sawyer
came to New Smyrna, Florida, from New
Hampshire. Ilo lottnd a line hammock
ridge three miles SOUth of the hotel and
pre-empted it. It was situated on the
edge of the ITillsborough river, and
OoverOd with beautiful oubbigc palmet
tos. The great Turnbull swamp
marginod it on tho west. Sawyer went
to work with the indomitable energy of
tho true Yankee farmer, Ilo built a
log shanty eight ft et. square, nnd thatch
cd it with palmetto leaves. lie was
ii no, having neither wife nor children.
Up at daylight in the morning, he
Wi rked until dark, culling out the thick
tropical qndergrowth, and burning out
the .-inewy trees. The hot summer days
came, hut the New Hampshire farmer
took no rest. M uning, noon, and night
ho labored the same as he w mid have
worked upon a farm among the Granite
hills. Tho climate failed to make him
lazy. His nenrc*st neighbor was throe
miles away. Occasionally he pail
iniin a visit, hut always after dark. His
furniture was of the primitive order,and
he .-I. pt upon a bed of Southern mosti
which ho gathered from the cypress
tree- in TurHbtill sWatnp. YY^inter was
the <=::mo to him as 5unimcr. It did b it
light u hi.-, labor, except that the days |
were .-barter. There was neither snow,
ice, nor Irust. In fact he could raise
no re in January and February thau he
co?ld in August or September.
Within a few months Sawyer cleared
up two acre- of ground. He planted it
with Corn, beans, and potatoes, occa-ion
1 ally setting out a bitter SWOjLorange
treo. The polatoos und bonus turned
? lit **>?? il, but the corn did not amount
to much The ornnjre Jtrees, however,
thrived *w indcrnilly. Sawyer lived up
on the fish and oysters that/filled the
river aud upon [Iho Vegetables that he
had oultivatyd. 'J ha wood 5 were, full oi
game, aud he never suffered ^unless
through want uf a rasher of bacon* 1"
the spring of th ? year the beach was
lined wild turtles' i'jggV. rind :ho?o were
always easy to got. Wild plums and
gi'?]e us sweet as hon -y flourished in
the forotets, while orauges and lorn ins
could be picked by the bu-bel iu nearly
every thicket.
Once in a while a neighbor ea'l.-d up
im Sawyer. The latter treated his visi '
tor couiteously, but never stopped work
to talk with hiai . The New England
n an was cutitipucd ngaiust excessive
labor, hut he insisted that it would
never hurt a man to work, nod paid no
attention t> lite warning. The second
Stimuli r was iiuu-ually hat. One day a
native discovered the Yankee farmer
booing corn in the burning suu without
hat or shir*. Hi-skin was blistered by
tho heat, ami his face wa.- J ipping
with sw. at. Sawyer declared that the
spirits had visitod him during the night,
and told him that Adam bad worked in
the Tar den ot Kdon without shirt or hat,
and (hit he would find it tu n~c c milbr
tablv to follow A lam's ex i nplo. Ilo
declared that the spirit- came to bi n
every night, and dictated to him long
reams of manuscript.
It was evident that Sawyer was be
coming crazy. One day ho disappeared.
Ho wa- gone for a week. When he re
turned he roamed the woods at night
heating a tambourino. But there Was i
no 1-t up to his work. lie hardly stop
] i for dinner. Day after day ho toiled
in the ?! roiling sun until his white skin
tinned ufihrown as thohidtiofun tod inn
and his blue eyes faded through want of
re t IJy this time ho hid about eight
acres under cultivation, but he planted
as ho dial plant'd in New Hampshire,
and the results wtrc not encouraging.
In one of his insane (its he started for
homo and the kind people of the neigh
hoi hood scut him to bis home in New
Hampshire. Ijo recovered his senses
after spen ling some time in an asylum,
and his neighbors say that they have
received letters from him announcing
his iutehtion of returning to Smyrna as
s >oti as lu. oar. raise money enough to
pay lib lure. As be has uot lived upou
hi> homestead for uinc mouths, tho land,
with all its improvements,, is open to tho
first man mean enough to squat tipm it.
Such n person, howevor, would merit
! and teeeive .rough treatment from poor
Sawyer's neighbors.
Arabian Horses.
No Arab dreams of tying up a horio
by tlie neck; a tether replaces the halter
and one uf the animal's hind legs is cu
circlcd about the pastern by a light, iron
ring, furnished with a padlock, and
connected with au iron chain two foet
or thrcaboutsin length, endiug in a rope
which is fastened to the ground at somo
distance by an iron peg; such is the cus
tomary method. But should the animal
be restless and troublesorao, a forelog is
put under similar treitmant. It is well
knowp that horses in Arabia are much
1168 frequently vicious or rofractcry than
in Kuropc; and this is the reason why
gel lings are here so rare, though not
uukuown. No particular prejudice that
1 could discover exist against the opera
tion itself, only it is seldo n performed,
because not otherwise necessary and
tending, of course, to diminish the value
of the animal.
IJutto rcturu to the horses nowbofore
us. Never had I seen or imagined so
lovely a collection. Their stature was
indeed somewhat low. I do not think
that any came fully up to fifteen hands
?fourteen appeared to be about their
average?but they were so exquisitely
well-shaped that want of greater size
scene] hardly, if at all, a defect.
Remarkably full in the haunches,
with a shoulder of a slope so elegant as
to make one, in the words of an Arabian
poet, "go raving mad about it;" a little
?a very little?sad'lle-backed, just the
curve which indicates springinees; a
head broad above, and tappcring down
to ti nose One enough to verify the phrase
of "drinking from a pint pot," did pint
pots exist iu Nedjec; a most intelligent
and yet singularly gentle look, full eye,
j a sharp, thorn liko car, legs fore and
hind that seem it made of hammered
iron, so clean, and yet so well twisted
with sinew; a neat, round hoof, just the
requisite for hard ground; the tail set on,
or rather thrown out at a perfect arch;
cmt smooth, shilling aud light, the mane
long, but not over grown nor heavy, and
air and steps that seemed to say ''Look
at me, am I not pretty'/" their appear
ance justified nil reputation, all value, all
poetry. The prevailing color was ohea
nut or gray; a light light bay, an iron
color, white or black, were, less common;
full bay, ileabtttco or piebald, none.
Hut if asked what are, after all, the
specially distinctive points of a Nedjee
horse, 1 should reply, the slope of the
shoulders, the extreme cleanness of the
.->hauk; and the full, rounded haunch,
though every other part, too, has a
perfection and a harmony unwitnessed,
at hast by my oyos, anywhere else,
Nedjee horses are especially esteemed
tor great speed and endurance of fatigue
?indeed iu this latter quality none como
j up to them.
I To piss twenty-four hours on the
road without driuking and without flag
ging; is certainly something; but to keep
up tho same abstinence and labor con
j .'mod under the burning Arabiau sky
tor forty eight luurs at a stretch, is, I
bolicvo, peculiar to the animals of tho
breed. Besides they have a delicacy, I
cannot say of mouth, for it is oommou
to ri le them without bit or briJle, but
of feeling .-nil obedience to tho knee aal
thigh, tj tho slighte.it cheok of tho hal
j ter and the voice of tin ri ler, far sur
p issing the most elaborate manege gives
a European b^rse, though furnished
with snathe, curb, and all. I often
mounted them at the invitation of their
owners, arid without sad lie. rein, or stir
rup, set them o(Tat a full gallop, wheeled
them around brought them up in mad
career at a deal hilt, and that without
the least difficulty, or tho smallest want
coire pondenee between the horse's
movement nod my own will; the ridor on
th-'ir back really feels himself the man?
half of a centaur, not a distinct being.?
I'algravi's Travel* in Arabia."
"Why, lehabod, I thought you got
married mor'n a year ago?" "Well,
aunt deruslm, it Was talked of, but I
found out that the girl and all her folks
were opposed to it, nnd so I jest give
'em all the mitten and let tho thing
I drop."
A beautiful young girl who has been
traveling in the West as drummer for a
wholesale grocery houso of Boston, haa
just been disol^rgod by her employer
because she induced tho rotail dealers to
order more goods than they were able to
I dispose of or pay for.
"Knocos of axoion," was the written
verdict of a Moutioello (Iowa) jury,
j j_ BaIT ?*4 > 1?' ?lit*M?:* ? lit* ?*