University of South Carolina Libraries
THE OUANGEBUKG NEWS, ?1,. , PUDthsiIKD WKliKLV ? / v ? :At * Oil ANGEBURG, S. U, C^icc <^ Publication on Afarl-cl-Street over the Post O?ce. SAMUEL DIBBLE, Editor. VIRGIL C. DIBBLE, Associate Editor. ClfAltLES II. HALL, Publisher. itEA?INvGr ?l ATTER ON EVERY PAGE. ^ Items. The* grasshoppers have stripped a hundred "miles of country^u Missouri, and nro ?tili hop ping arid hungry. v !Me?omoncc,'an Indian chief, 90 years old, ; Hrfto fought with Tccumseh and at the soigo of Jtyort Mackinaw in 1811. is catching muskrots lor n living at Windsor, C. W. The present, lueomo from the Pcabody be , quest to promote education at the South, which it has been dctermiucd to devoto princi ? "pally to primary school education, is but $00, U0CS:, ? Ten years ago a lhan in Missoiiri bequeathed ' $500> each to ten .of his alaves, on condition that they should emigrate to Liberia or some country sot apart-for freo persons. The slaves remained in Missouri, and the St. Louis County ilttoutt in that State has decided that it is "a place set apart for freo persons of color," and * the* oxecutor has been ordered to pay over the money. < The canker-worm is committing great ravages in the Massachusetts orchards. In the neigh borhood of Boston, thousands of apple trees) aro blighted as if a fire had swept over them.; Every leaf is destroyed, aud the crop in .many ' places is ruined. The farmers grieve over Abe loss of apples, to say nothing of eicler?a bev erage which is not prohibited under .the Massa chusetts license jaw. A fet. Petersburg correspondent says that :?the 'C*nr rtodk avith hi.unto 'Western Europe, gold sn?R-boxes, diamond brooches, bracelets, &c., to tho valuo of 300,000 roubles, or some what moro than ?225,000, besides 1500 orders, of which twelve arc the St. Andrew. They were to bo, given away to persons who manifes ted courtesies to his Masjcsty, or who performed services that could . not well bo repaid with money. During the recent visit of tho President to Raleigh, a' Northern gentleman who happened to bo in the city asked a friend?a Southern man?why tho people did not cheer more and louder. Our Southern friend replied that it wa? because the people did not know whether "-.they.had tho right to ohcor-^-.gon. Sickles had not issued an ordor giving thorn that right, and they f? a rod to opon tlinir moot hs too wide, lest the General should throw another order down tli?ir throats. We hope tho explanation will be satisfactory to all concerned. Mining News.?Wc learn that rich silver mines have been discovered, near Walhalla, in this districts Mr. Lewis Eaton has sold his mineral iutore/it to Northern men. Mr J. C. tjobb ha/3 disposed of his mineral interest, re ceiving stock in the mining company therefor. We further learn that this company will pro ceed ajt a# ftarly day, with the most improved ajwlianccs, for working their silver mines. tOa Mjr. J. O. Lewis' place, in the same section. vwc ftenrn that gold has been found in unusual ?>.quantities.?Keoiccc Courier. How the Liquor Law Wouks.?A citi zen, yesterday; for a member of whose family his physician had prescribed tho use of Sherry sarinc, applied to Messrs. Gruber & Martin, ' I King-street, to purchase a bottle, but they rc .fused: to sell less than a gallon, as it was against the order of General Sickles. A gallon of -Sherry is an (extravagance for a poor man, and it was only after much inconvenience and con siderable delay that a bottle of wine was finally procured at the Mills House. It would scorn to us that a patient should bo able to procure any medicine, on the prescription of his physi cian.-? Charleston Merenri/. ^. ; At Rome, on the 20th ult., St. Peter's f' jjhuroh was most magnificently decorated with cloths of gold, silver tapestries, paintings and two hundred thousand yards of crimson silk. Thq building was lighted with many millions wax candles. There were, one hundred ihousiind people inside its walls, including the cx-Kinir of Naples, the foreign Ministry, five hundred cardinals, ?archbishops and bishops, nitd many thousands of clergymen, priests, fri ar's and monks. There wero even nuns and soldiets fiom almost every country in the world present, und the assembled multitude made up a most brilliant congregation. The city illumi nations, fireworks, races aud general festivities ill honor of the centenary anniversary will con tinue during a week. Tho notes of the Venango National Hank, Franklin county, Pa,, and of nil other broken national banks, if wo may believe tho jeffctson >,t,i, arc soiling at a premium. This rather anomalous fact of the bills of brok'on national )tthnks selling at a premium on the bills of Sol vent banks, puzzles the comprehension of the uninitiated not a little, and yet the explanation \H very simple and easily understood. The limit to circulation to national banks under tho national banking law, is three hundred millions of dollars. This limit was long since reached, and thero aro still national banks without any circulation, arid many others wilh'much less lhan they desiro. in order to relievo itself id trouble ns much as possible, the department has said to some of these banks desiring njujo cur* . m. -V. I. ronoy, tlint to the extent tliut.tltoy will redeem tho bills of broken banks* will it issue now notes to the hauks desiring, circulation. This proposition '-has1 created quite a rivalry among this lattor cjnss of hanks, and in somo instances a premium lis high as two per cent, is ofTercd .for the broken bnnk*notcs.? Chita. lYctes. Tho Indian Troubles?Attack on Port Wallace?Tho Red Skins Driven Off. Fort "Wallace, Kansas, Junc 22.?This post was attacked yesterday by a bbdy of about 400 Indians, tho garrison consisting of forty mon belonging to the Third Infantry and Seventh Cavalry, under command of Lieuten ant Halo. Sergeant Hummel and privates llacon of the Seventh Cavalry, and privates Woldroff and McNally of the Third Infantry, were killed, ?lohn Ilaney and George Gafluey of tho Seventh Cavalry, and Joseph Winehouse dud "Patrick McCarty, of the /Third Infantry, were mortally wounded. A number of horses and mules were also killed. The Indians lost twenty of their number, and aller a hard fight were driven back. Another attack is immi nent. [Fort "Wallace is located on Pond Creek, the south branch of the Smoky Hill river, and about one hundred miles northeast of the pre sent terminus of the Union Pacific Railway, eastern division. It was called after General Wallace, and two years ago was known as "Pond Creek Station." There are accommo tions for five hundred men, but, owing to the constant Indian depredations, tho few troops that should be at the fort are scattered over the road between Forn Hays and Denver, try ing.to ;proteet the overland stages from the at tacks of the savages.] ?wmwwgwww^?^w?rw. Lt^jj . njn THE ORANGEBURG NEWS. SATURDAY, JULY (>, 1SG7. While tee reserve to ourselves the. right ofdeji ning our own political posit ion by means of our editorial columns, ire trill be pleased to publish contributions from our fclhnr-cifizcns upon the grave Questions which now agitate the public mind, whether their opinions coincide with ours or not. A district hcicspajter, we consider, should be an index of the carious shades of pop ? ufar sentiment in the section of country in which it circulate*. Our columns are open, therefore, tor tiny communications properly written, accom panied by a responsible name, not personal in their character, nor absolutely injurious in their tendency. The Fourth of July. General Orders, No. 4S, promulgated from the Head Centre of Military District No. 2, commanded a general observance of Indepen dence Day. A salute of thirteen guns at sun riso, a national salute at noon, flic Fcdeinl flag hoisted over all public buildings,?these wore were to bo the outward signs of that rejoicing, which was to gush spontaneous from the popu lar heart. We have eve:, understood that the worthy Intendant of Orangobuvg received from the Military Executive, instructions to tire a fen de joic at sunrise, and the aforesaid midday salute; and we presume similar orders were extended to all municipal authorities in the Stale. It seems to us that there is some in consistency in the orders issued from District Headquarters. Some time 'since it was the law that no persons should carry deadly weapons of any description, under heavy penalties; and wo imagine that this is still in force, Now, there arises a peremptory order to civil officers, having no troops under their control, to fire two salutes on the fourth of July. How did the Federal General expect law-abiding citizens to obey both his orders at the same tiiiie? Im agine our worth)' town-fathers mustering a patriotic squad in compliance with Orders No. -IS. Imagine them coming out like the old militia of days gone by, "resolved to do or die." Imagine our energetic Sheriff, who has been instructed to arrest all civilians with deadly weapons, insisting upon carrying out his orders, and stopping the fun. That would bo a nice stale of affairs: but iL is just what may have reasonably oceurcd, had the military pronr.ucia men tos been literally obeyed, But some al lowance is to be made for our illustrious law maker; for as Mr. Stanbcrry says, "his orders follow each other in such rapid succession as tobe already assu ning the proportions of a code :" and therefore iL cannot be expected that he can recollect alibis edicts :?(hat, how ever, is not his business, it is the duty of the people. For, ourselves, we passed the. Fourth of July in a quiet way. We reflected that, another year's experience bad been added to the ex periment of free government in America. We felt that the history of that year had taught a lesson fatal to ihc pretensions of republicanism to perpetuity. The last twelve months have forcibly illustrated that no form of government can be permanent: since in that period we have, with a rapidity of transition unparalleled in history, suffered all the misrule of an Oligar chy, tainted with the worst corruptions of aristocracy; and then passed tinder the sway of a military autocracy, as absolute as tho most, unlimited despotism; and are now about to stiller a combination of the two, in a form hardly rocofjcilpoblo with the maxim, ? That Orivc their just authority from consent of tho governed:" Wo wcro.rulcd a whilo under tho dictation of Congress; tlicn enmo tho prnctorsttjp of the "General Comman ding": now W^ire about to enjoy Congress and tho General toov Well, let us' tako it easy: wo havo ono comfort amid it all,* and that is, wo can celebrate tho Fourth of July, and, standing under tho folds of the Star-spangled bauncr, we can proudly exclaim,?"We are American citizens." It was. once tho case, that Independence Day was a lit time to study tho past history of our Republic. Rut that douI& do now ; for our forefathers hated Stamp Acts too cordially ^ and opposed too strenuously the doctrine* of "taxation without representation." And be sides poor old fogies that they were, they were unwilling to endure large garrisons quartered among them without their consent, and actually had several fights with soldiers in the streets of good old puritan Boston, which in our days would be called riots. Rut enough of this; wo must make some allowances for the mistakes of our ancestors. They had no such great lights as our'politicians of '07 ; they were only the sturdy patriots of '7G. Since we cannot look to the past, whither shall' we turn our gaze '! To the future ? Per haps. ' One of the Grand Sachems of tho Union Republican Party in a "Leetle Difli kilty." I The notorious Ov'C. BoWKN, who was tho chief orator of a meeting of the Union Repub lican Party in Orangcburg about a mouth ago, who told tho frccdmcn not to depend on the white people of the South for any rights or {show of justice; but to bug to their bosoms such men as himself, who came among them to preach the pure gospel of their best friends, tho Radicals,?this disinterested laborer in the political '.vijioy/hrd has been arrested under a charge of swindling some of his colored breth ren. A gentleman, who happens to know something of the past history of llowen, sends the following communication to the Savannah Atlnrdtrr of the 20th ult.. about the lei low. Really, the Radical party is not very choice in the selection of its propagandists. Here is the Savannah-letter: Mil. Eni'fou:?Noticing in your paper a few days since a paragraph clipped from the Charleston Mercury, in regard to a speech made to the negroes in Suutmervillc, S. ('., in which C. C BoWCll informed bis hearers that if they did not vote the Radical ticket they Would be sent to the Penitentiary, I was more forcibly than ever reminded of the fact that the antecedents of all the white Radicals in the South most singularly coincide with each other. I first made the acquaintance of this ('. ('. Howon at tho Marshall House in this city in 1802. Wo wore then organizing n comp.-.vy under the act of the Confederate Congress, in regard to Partisan Rangers. Bbwou enlisted with us, and from associating with him during the following two yearx, in the .v.une company, I learned that ho was a Rhode Island man by birth, but had of late been settled in Southwestern Georgia, from which place he porogrinatcd through the coun try as a professional faro dealer and gambler in general, and also that he had married ono of the most notorious prostitutes in Macun. So much for his history previous to my meet ing him. Our company was finally mustered into ser vice in the 21st Georgia Battalion of Cavalry, under the command of Major W. P. White. After doing some picket duty in the neighbor hood id'this city, we were ordered to report to General Bcauregard at Charleston. While there, froill the occurrences of vacancies, and the cool efiYonlory of Bowcii, ho managed to get elected Captain. While holding thai ? ffiee, he made a good thing of it by taking hi substitutes, and for a large portion of the money he would give tliDin leave of absence; they of course never return ing to the command, the supposition being that they bad deserted. By these, and other little games, he managed to become the owner of nine horse.*, which were ridden in the command by men who were not able to own horses them selves. From Charleston we were ordered to Wac camaw Neck, opposite Georgetown, S. ('., to picket the Federal gunboats. While stationed there Bowcn procured a furlough to come to Savannah, and while here, by some fraudulent means, procured money from the pay depart ment. For this cause .Major W. I'. 'White preferred charges against him "for conduct unbecoming an officer and a gentleman." On these, charges ho was court martialcd in George town, and, on conviction, dismissed the service. Immediately on the. promulgation of the order of General T rapier, announcing his dismissal. B?wcn left for Waccumaw. A few nights after his departure, as I was scalding a dead shoal, which had bitten mo that day, 1 heard a report of a gnu at Major White's quarters. The whole camp was in an uproar, und I among the rest went into Major W's quarters, where I found him lying wound ed, shot through tho knee, which wound ho died in about three weeks, in the Georgetown hospital, murdered in cold blood. The parly upon whom suspicion fell was ar rested, lie proved to be a sergeant in our company, and hq acknowledged that he stood out BiCuioCtho house and shot Major White through tho father-hoarding. Ho showed us tho hole wherotho ball entered the house; he showed us.wlioro he had thrown tho murderous weapon after doing the dastardly deed ; ho showed us a blind made of brush, alongside the road lead ing to tho landing, which C. C. Bowen had constructed, behind which to hide and shoot Major White as he should pass going to or returning from tho landing, and he confessed that'C. C. Bowen had promised him the best hon* he owned if he would murder Major W. B^owcn was immediately arrested In Augusta, by tjj^egraphic orders, and brought to Charles ton^nd confined in the jail. Shortly after this .wo were called to Virginia, where until the Flirrender, more stirring scenes claimed my^ittention, and tho man had almost escaped my memory until T saw his name in your pa porjps a Badical. Goniineiit on my humble part is unnecessary, and 'having cxtonded this much longer than 1 expected, L will close by only saying that there arc many individuals in Savannah who can vouch for all I say. Yours truly, V ENTILATOll. I [From the Charleston Mercury.] Tho Power of n Presidential Pardon. DOES it RE.MOVK DlSl'ltA NCll iskm knt FOll past acts ? The following reply was made: by Henry S. Fitch, Fsq.. United States Attorney, to some citizens of Savannah who had asked his pro fessional opinion on the point whether or not a citizen, pardoned by the President, for his participation in the rebellion, before the. pas sage of these acts, can be legally included among the disfranchised : Savannah, Ga., June 27. l.StJT. F. L. 0uk, Khq.: Dim Sir-?Your letter of yesterday's date has been -received and duly considered. The time was. when your question could not have been asked without answering itself The very condition of things, however, which now makes it important, also renders it difficult. 1 cannot give you an official opinion on the subject, for there is no official connection between the District Attorney and the Hoards of Registration?though I have no hesitation in expressing a professional opinion in com pliance with your request. Previous to tho passage of tho act of March 2, 1H(J7. providing for the establishment of ??State governments in conformity with the Constitution of the United States in all re spects." disfrnnehiscmcnt as a punishment for '?p/vticipatiou in robeliion" was unknown to ourstatides. State ov national. It is only in a bill hHcnded to confer universal su?rego ?re gardless of race, color or previous condition." that the principle of political proscription h;:s b-en legislatively recognized. This fact narrows the circle of our inquiry very much. That pu61i disiVnnchisenient, was 'lit ended iw a penaltv, i.< too plain for debate ; that it will |?e enforced as far as possible, it re oiiircs ii" prophecy to foresee. The simple question therefore is. what . ,ic pi'i:c(jcni idleet of a pardon, received previous i.; ?k- nv.?:?JMlg.itlOii t'-'is political disabili ty? The ofllcacy of a pardon has been vCCCn'..^' i discussed with great learning before the Su premo Court of the United States, and em phatically defined by that tribunal in the mat ter of A. 11. Garland. The Supreme Court says "This power of the President Is not subject to the negative control of Congress, which cannot limit its effects. The benign prerogative of mercy cannot be ad verted by legislative restriction. A pardon blots (tut tho consequences of the offence and in tho eye of the. law the offender stands as guiltless as if he had not committed the of fence." This language cannot be honestly misunderstood, and tho logical conclusions to be drawn therefrom are apparent. The man who has been pardoned for his par ticipation in the rebellion cannot by any subse quent legislation be legally deprived by reason of said participation of any right or franchise he may have enjoyed previous to the commis sion of the offence. Upon the principle that what cannot bo done directly, shall not be done indirectly?tho Supremo Court have also de cided, and that very recently, that what would be inadmissible by positive enactment, cannot be accomplished by the obliquity of test oaths. To cite authorities in support of this principle, would be a mete ostentatious display of pe dantry. Kvery objection that was urged and success, fully urged before the. court against the power to compel a pardoned Attorney by a rot rot fac ti VC oath to accuse himself or forfeit his office.ap plies with still greater force against the propo sition that a "new man'" shall forswear himself or be denied his most inalienable right. The words of a Presidential pardon are plain???Whereas, A or 15, by taking part ill tht! late rebellion against the Government of the United Slates, has made hiinsclf liahlo lo hc.^yy pains and penalties, Ale. No.'., there fore, be it known that I, Andrew Johnson, President of the United States, do hereby grant to the said A or P> full pardon and am nesty for all offences by him committed, arising from participation, direct or implied, in said re bellion." The acceptor of such a pardon, if an alien, is reinvested with all the privileges of an alien if a citizen, then once more a citizen in its fullest legal sense. The only remaining point, therefore, is whether tin- elective franchise is one of the rights ncccsririly restored by a pardon and am nesty. In my opinion tho question can only be answered affirmatively. Under n republican form of government, no man, who has arrived at his majority, is a citi zen without the right to vote. Tho elective franchise is tho essence of his citizenship? without it, he is an exile in his own country. Webster defines a citizen "in tho United States to be a person, native or naturalized, who has the privilege of exercising the elective franchise." Bouvicr defines the word citizen "one who, under tho Constitution and laws of the United States, has a right to vote for representatives in Congress, and other public officers, and who is qualified to fill offices in the gift of the peo ple." The mere privilege of pleading a pardon in bar of legal proceedings is insignificant, com pared with the citizen's . right to participate in the affairs of the government, and if a full par don und amnesty do not revive that right, they have received a much more limited interpreta tion than has been recorded in the books. I am therefore of opinion that every man other wise entitled to vote, who was pardoned before the passage of the laws in question, is entitled to register and vote now. If not, where is tho forgiveness implied in the word "pardon," aud where the forgetfulnC. ?, implied in tho word "amnesty ?" This opinion is predicated, of course, upon the decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States, whose "judicial power" is said by the second section of article third of tho Constitution of the United States "to extend to all cases in law and equity, arising under this Constitution or laws of the United States." If to deprive a citizen of the highest prero gative granted him as an equivalent for his al legiance, involves no issue either in law or equity, of which the "judicial power of the United States" can take cognizance, but is a purely political issue to be determined at the hustings, then these decisions are not pertinent to your inquiry, and I am unaware of any other tribunal to which I can refer, except that one whose jurisdiction is predicated upon a "decent respect for the opinions of mankind." Whether the Ilegistcrer, being a mere min isterial officer, can depart from the strict letter of the law without instructions or a judicial decision is doubtful ; but certainly the Com manding General, clothed by the act itself with almost unlimited power, has, and doubtlessly will again, if the ends of justice so require. Certainly no one can complain who docs not make an effort. Let every man who has been thus pardoned exhibit his papers and de mand to he recorded, if refused, because he cannot take, the oath prescribed, let him enter his protest for the consideration and revision of the General Commanding in accordance with the registration orders. Next t<> a us. rpation of power there is no higher grade in political crime than n timid abandonment of rights. I remain very respect full)', Your obedient servant. IIKXKY S. FITCH. L'uilcd States Attorney. Washington Neivs. Jrt.V H.?There is:; quorum in both Houses. In the United States Senate thirty-four an swered. Four Pills, explanatory of rccoustruc tioi: were introduced. Mr. Wilson's provides that all om*ws hold under the authority of the Rebel States Government bo declared vncnnt thirty days after tho passage Ct tnC Act. The Commanding General may then fill them by the continuance of those in office, or appoint ing others, or may order elections. The Hoard of Registration shall have power ti refuse regis tration to those suspected id'wishing to evade tho requirements of the law ; to examine appli cants, take testimony within twenty days after the. completion of registration, and may erase names wrongfully registered. Frclynghuyscn's authorizes Commanders to suspend or remove Slate officers, fill vacancies, and validates acts done heretofore In accordance with the above. Kdmund's is similar, except that the District Commanders' acts are subject to the approval of the General of the Armies. Drake's consists of twelve sections. Sum tier introduced some characteristic bills; and after appointing a committee to wait on the President, the Senate adjourned till Friday. In the House 120 answered. The Speaker announced that the first business was to swear in new members. The Kentucky delegation approached the Speaker's stand, when Schenk rose loa point of order. He had in his possession tho protest of Samuel McKcc, sigainst John Young Drown being admitted, and affidavits that he had resisted tho rebellion, Khlridge said he had made similar protest against Stokes, when the Speaker decided the proceedings could not be interrupted ; said he hoped the same ruling would prevail now as heretofore The Speaker said, "Gciitle;?;,en must have mis understood." The Clerk then produced tho protests and affidavits. Logan presented a sim ilar protest against Trimble. Benjamin pre sented one against Knott. Mr. Logan offered the following : "Where as, there is good reason to believe that in the election recently held in the State of Kentucky to the Fortieth Congress, the legal and loyal voters in the several districts of the said State have been overawed ami prevented from a true expression of their will and choice at the polls by those who have sympathized with, or actu ally participated in, the liitc rebellion, and that such elections were carried by the votes of such disloyal and returned robcis ; and whorms, it i.> alleged that, several of the Representatives j elected from that State are disloyal, There- '? foro f(etoIpcd} That tho credentials of all the members elect from tho State of Kentucky shall be referred to the Committee on Elections, to report at as early a day as practicable^ and .'' .' that, peudiug the report of the said committee, none of said members shall bo allowed to take tho oath of office and admitted to scats as auch. After a long debate, and excepting Adams, representative of tho 7th District, from tho ac tion of tho resolution, it was passed, thus kill ing eight Democratic votes. A Committee of nine were appointed to con sider what further legislation is necessary on reconstruction. Tho House then adjourned to Friday, - ?rm-T' Mexican NewsV "Washington, July 1.?An extract fron? it dispatch received at tho Navy' Department dated Vera Cruz, Juno 25, nnd signed "Y. A, ltoe, Commander," says : "Maximilliam was shot on tho 19th. I have begged for his corpse for the Austrian captain, but wus refused. The City of Mexico fell June 20. Vera Cruz holds out. On account of the foreign legion, PAjas orders that there Bhall he no acceptance of a surrender." Southwest Pass, La., June 20.' Tu the Austrian Ambassador' at Washington, D. G: I have just come in to telegraph you of tho condemnation and execution of Maximilian. President Juarez refuses to deliver up his body. M. TIIIBUT, Captain in Austrian Navy. later. New Orleans, July 2.?We have received the following particulars of Miximilinn's exe cution : ? '?The trial of Maximilian, Mcjia nnd Mirn mou ended on the 14th ultimo, and they were sentenced to be executed on the lGth ultimo.. Juarez suspended the execution three days, and they were shot on the 19th ultimo, at 11 A. 31. The colonels wero sentenced to six years' imprisonment, the lieutenant-colonels to five yeans, and minor officers to two years. Brigadiers and exceptional officers will be tried by court martial. "The City of Mexico surrendered to Dia? on the 21st ultimo, and Juarez sent him a compli mentary note, with directions as to the disposi tion of prisoners, saying: 'Native prisouers yo? will transfer to your own command or set at liberty, according' to tho circumstances in which you find them. Foreign prisoners you will retain fur further disposition by the gov ernment.' "Among the archives taken upon the occu pation of Qucretaro wore ?oiuo documents reta in the last will of M.-tximiljait. wherein, in case of his death. Tcodosia Lure*. Jose Maria La~ eunza. and Malinese, the yssasiit o*'Twnibn, are declared regents." Fscobedo Avviicfl from Quovotnno *?3 tftircy by the exec 'tioit of these, master-traitor* nicwlor terror the order of the d ry. Everywhere I have imposed heavy contributions on the rich, outiscatc-il their prop^rt)' and their all.;' Where I could not do it oh account of my position, my delegates have strictly complied with my orders and I hope bstbrc closing my military earner to see toe blood of every foreigner spilt that re sides in my country." There is a report that Maximilian w.is shot in the fae\ ami the Mexican generals in the back as traitors. Muster-Rolls of the Confederate-Arm)'. The New York Tribune publishes an at^ stract from documents which fell into the hands of the United States at the' downfall of tho Confederacy, of tho returns of all tho Confede rate armies, from their "organisation in tho summer of 1801 down to the spring of 1805. It appears from t-heso documouts that, the num ber of Confederate troops at tho cast und tho west was throughout nearly oquul, and that, with the exception of Soptombor. 1863, when Longstrcct, with his corps, was sent-from Vir- * ginin to Tonnowcc, no considerable body of soldiers was ever transferred' from one army to the other. The greatest number on the Con federate muster-rolls at nny one timo was 55GV 000, and this was when ovcry male from 17 to 50 was enrolled in tho army. Tho greatest number present for duty at any ono time in tho whole Confederacy, and that for only a brief period, was 800,000. Thoro. wero not three periods of a month when they had 250,000, At only three periods did ihc army of Northern Virginia, undor Loo, number 100,000 mon fit for duty. In October, 1861, when MoClellan con front? cd Johnston at Mantissas, tho actual fr.r-jo of Johnston was less than 40,000, and in Dccom? her, only 54,000. When, in April, 1862, Mc? Gollau landed on tho Peninsula, Magrudcr had 15,000 men; and when McClcllan assailed Yurktown tho Confederates had on tho whole Peninsula less than 50,000. "When ho reached the Chtckahoinsny the Confederates had at llichmond but 47,000, increased at the cioso of May to about 60,000 effectives. On tho 26th of June, when Lee began his movement against McClcllan, the Confederates numbered a littlo more than lot),000 effective men. Whon, af ter the battle of Gettysburg^ Mcade reached the llappnhnnnoek, Lob had -11,000 men. Tho Confederacy was at its highest point of milita ry efficiency in tho early summer, of 18611, when the movement into Pennsylvania was commenced. Every able-bodied man, oxcopt those in the workshops and civil departments, was enrolled ; sovon .out of ten were actually present, nnd six out of ten wore "present for duty " When the Confcdorato army, in \yv\\. 1865, withdrew from Petersburg, it is supposed not to have numbered; all toM, 35,000 men.