Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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B * " * v *" ^ T "-.-^>11 V r Three patents on elhctric locomotives |and electric railway systems, applies tlons for whioh hare been filed since - i Jane 3d, 1880, hare just been issued to i Thomas A. Edison. . There are four times as many words in .our language as there are in the French 'and, yet, a philologist estimates that the | coinage of new words in our tongue goes on at the rate of one hundred annually. The rapid growth of tho habit of sojuety and temperance is, in the estimation of the Chicago Herald, one of fcho characteristics of the American railway service, tho use of intcfticants becoming more and rajre the exception, altho ugh it U iSitl tA lw. tlm ruin in kHn Rnnliik ly that the 5000 laborer* employed in ohanging the grade of the Great Western Railroad were not allowed to refresh themselves during working hours with B anything stronger than oatmeal water. The New York courts have just rendered a decision which, the Detroit Free Press believes, will be of inestimable value if it shall be accepted as a precedent in other States or even rogarded popularly in the light of a warning. The Women's Momorial Association having decided to erect a statue at the World's Fair to the late Mrs. Hamilton Schuyler as "a typical philanthropist," the family begged the association to desist from its ^ fell design. The association persisting, the family took the matter into court yfl^^^_Rnd_the_ftS3ocifltion_h%^_Jv^p_*n J *Tron^carrjTngoiit^r^cSemeu^^nr"' ground of the decisiou is that family sensitiveness is entitled to consideration and that nobo ly has the right, against the family protest, to even do honor, or what is intended as suoh, to a deceased member of the family. The "Washington 9tar maintains that the great problem of the souturies has been transportation. From the dawn of history man has struggled to get himself and what he uecds across rivers, deserts, seas and oceans. It is a question of -burdeu and, more than that, a question of skill. Without means of trsnsportation win would never have ? been civilize 1. As tho older civilizilions used the shoulders of the people and the cruder forms of invention to transport materials for temples and pal aces, and the backs of boasts of burden for articles of commerce, so more modern civilizttions with their increasing and higher wants have eventually, after a painful evolution, developed the steamer and the railway. This very generation itself has seen the beginning* of the railroad as something more than a local feeder for local ports, and the last saw the first locomotive draw the first train of cars. Much of this almost incredible, progress has been witnessed in the United States. According to Poor's Manual there vas at the close of last year 170,< 601 miles of track or 43.6 per cent, ol me woria 9 roiai witu only one-sixth or Europe's population. Tho value of the assets in 189J was $10,590,605,000. Railroads coustitutc the third industry of the United Status, tho first and second being ngriculturu and manufactures. These are facts that show the wonderful ^ development of the latter part of th< niueteesth century. A Washington correspondent says: The mints will have plenty of work during the coming year, without any ne.v legislation to compel additional coinage. The demand for the minor coins?the bronze one cent pieces and the nickel' fives?continue to keep the Philadelphia mint busy, notwithstanding tho coinage of about 60,000,000 of these pieces annually for the past four years. Orders for them continue to come in from the various sub-treasuries, and tho mint at Philadelphia ia unable to catch up with the orders. The constant expansion of thn Knatnoaa r\? tka aauiiIsh ???!"? AW^. ?MV wu?uv?o V? KUU VVUUklJ UI?aO? VUO tbo demand a growing one for this* and all other forms of money, and will probably soon require a more extensive coinage at tho other mints. The mints at New Orleans and Ban Franciseo, as well as that of Philadelphia, are worVing earnestly to recoin the worn subsidiary silver which is carried on the treasury books, into quarters and dimes. There is no demand for the half dollar pieces, and there are plenty w thorn in the Treasury, besides the *0,000,000 of ' - them which it is proposed to issue for the World's Fair. The coinage of ailver dollars has not entirely ceased, not with standing the suspension or compulsory aSLT' coinage by the silver act of 1890 and the decision of Secretary Foster not to coatinuo the coinage of $2,000,000 per month without necessity. There is a demand for a certain quantity of silver each year when the oropa ate moved, and a certain margin is also require! at the sub-treasuries to meet occasional de ' POLITICAL WORLD. T Candidates, Conventions. Nomina- ' tions. Elections. 'j All the News of Political Movements of the Four Parties. Full returns from Veimont give Fuller (Rep.) for Governor 39,190; Sraalley, (Dem ) 19,526; Allen (Pro.) 1,650. 1 Judge Geo. T. Wcrts was nominated 8 for Gove nor by the New Jersey Demo- 1 cratic convention last Wednesday, in spite of his letter saying he would not I accept it. His friends have induced him j to yield. i The Massachusetts Republican State 1 convention at Boston uominatcd by acclamttion for Govcrooi, Lieut Gov. Haile. ] The Democrats of the Second Virginia I district at Norfolk nominntcd for Congress D. Gardner IVlcr. of Charles City | oounty. The nominee is a son of ex- 1 1 Presided! Tyler, aud was born in the J White House. 1 The Democratic Congressional Convention of the Ninth dis rict at Binning- < ham, Ala., nominated Lewis W. Turpio 1 on the first ballot i adlai k. stevensok. non. Adlai E. Stevenson spoke to c large audiences last week at Asheville, ] Raleigh, Charlotte and Winston. 0 COLUMBIA CANAL IN A TANGLE < ii The State'* Sale of the Canal and the ^ Probable Results. Colombia, S. C.?The State of South * Carolina spent years of time and thousands of money i uild ug a cAnal around the falh atColumbia. 1 The primary object was, we believe, c to improve and extend navigation. Subsequently plans were changed, and since the war the purpose lias bceb to \ develop a water power und conduce to the development of manufactures. Sev- N cral years ago tho State grew tired of the * uuurawmok iuu ?ulu uul Ul ino City ii Columbia. About year ago the city said out to one Eretus+lood and associatis, of New 1- nglaud, the entire canal, fran- ' chisea, privileges and immunities. '< But when Flood and his associates had | purchased the canal aud settled for it, they soon fouud that all available mill tl sites were ownod by local parties. ( Amongst the responsibilities of the owners of tho canal was a statute compelling , its extension to Oranby. Those lacr.! parties who own the land between the present terminus of canal and its pio- ^ posed lower termiuuB have been threatening to bring suit to compel the owners , to extend the canal through their land ta Oranby as required by law. But sud- . denly it is found out that the State for ] meily owned all the laud from the head of the oanal to Oranby ; that the 8tatc never sold these lands but simply soli a usufruct interest io 'them, till needed for canal pur pates. The preseut owners aver 1 their readiest to coiuple e the canal to t Oranby, but demand that thev now need d the land, the title fn fee simple for which a comes to them with their purchase of the canal with "all rights, privileges, im T muntties, etc." * A week ago the local land company felt that they had tbc canal owners bottied up. At this wiitiog the canal ownera have the whip handle, if their allegations are true, and the prospect of a j: big lawsuit is substituted for Columbia's (l iminedia'e prospect of one or more large q cotton factories. p A DESPERADO KILLED. ? In Restating Arrest Ha b ShotDown. [ Xxpires as the Sheriff is in the * ot of Handcuffing Him. r No*rout, Va.?Saturday night Dep- P uty Sheriff T. J. Jaqjcson, of Norfolk v county, was called upon to raid the gambling house on Western Branch. c One of the parties made his escape, but t' was recognized on the road the following 8 morning by Jackson and placed under arrest, but resisted and a'ruck the officer 'J a powerful blow on the left cheek, stun- n ning him for the instant. The negr , ? who was a desperate man, ran away, and I mm miuu jKkiun iccuYcren lie nrcu ? u the escaping man three time*. The ne Ko ran about seventy-five yards and hid hind a stack of fodder, where he wis overhauled by Jackson. He claimed to have been shot, but the officer not belielieg him put a pair of handcuffs on hire, who almost immediately fell to the ground and expired. Jackson notified the authorities A coroner's jury beard 1 the evidence and brought in a verdict in accordance with the facts stated. It is reported that the deputy sheriff will he arrested. ? Worth Carolina. Schools. Rata sow, N. C. ?The annual report of the Btate Superintendent of Public instruction wm maae puonc. l he re- v ceipts were $775,450; tho expenditures $761,000. Of the letter, $800,000 were for wh'te tuition end $50,000 for the tchool houses; $104,000for the colored tuition end $21,000 for tho school houses. The receipts ere the largest on record, he'ng $61 000 greater th<m last year. The reports show that there arc 886,000 white and 212,000 colored children of school age; total, 598,000 1 he value of school property it $79 ?,000, and 6,980 schools were in opciatio ?. The World's Pair has already cost nearly nine millions. relegraphic Dispatches From Many Points of Interest. rhe Fields of Virgin*, North and South Carolina Carefully Gleaned For News. VIRGINIA. A rat flooded the ollice of the People's dank at Charlottcsvillojind drowoed iticlf bj gnawing a hole in a lead water "hpc. Thirteen Syrian immigrants, holding irst class tickets for Suffolk, Va., Via Norfolk, were stopped at Cape Charles ind turned back to New York whence hey came. A carload of Norton's Virginia and [ves wine, nearly 3,00J gallons, was shipped lust week from Churlottcsville to New 1'ork by the Munticcl o Wine Company. Dr. Taylor, who was sentenced in Vise couiity lo death fjy murdering the Uullins family, has been taken toLynch>urg to nvoid lynching. A rule has been granted by the Court >f Appeals onanist the town o.ounril o* Vest Po.nt, to i-isow cause why they arc lot in contempt in refusing to assess iropcrty of the Richmond & Danville tailrond Company at that point.. Bees arc reporJed to be dying in Charottc county for want of blossoms, result ng from the severe drought. A B. Clay, of Chesterfield county, has ?a lii-t larm a stalk of corn fifteen feet luce inches high. He is going to send l to the State Exposition. It is the allest stalk of corn ever raised in that ounry. NOBTH CAROLINA. Hon. Douald MacHac, of Wilmington, lied Thursday at Lenoir. He was a iirector of the North Carolina and Wilingtou and Wcldon railroads. Winston's fifthtobacco warehouse was pened. Revenue officers have seized a big govrnment distillery in Yadkin, county, iwned by A. E. bbore. It waa for avlon'ion of the law. The plant is announcd to be sold. Gov. Holt was absent from Raleigh luring tho Stevenson reception, attend^ rig the burial at Reidsville of Mrs Yilliamson, his wife's sister. Raleigh Indies gave a festival last r ck to aid tho Confederate monument, r.d raised $600. Mrs. Virginia Madison has boen jailed n Tiirboro on the chnrge of killing the io\v-born child of her daughter, Rosa. SOUTH CAROLINA. Charleston has quarantined against lew York. Two terrific cyclones passed through rowberry couuty list week, destroying uich property.. Then. D. Jervoy, a veteran BHRUlI nd prominent man, of Charleston, died istwcek. The fligs of the city wcr ivvereuto half mast as a mark of mourn aSIn the second Democratic primary of Ire Second-Congressional district Tidbert, tlliiincc) defeated Tillman. Altoroey General McLaurin is proceed lg against several phosphate companies or selling fertilizers, analysis of which y tho elate, showed to be one-half sand L Sumter company is the first on the list The Creosote Lumber A Conatruction 'o , of Fcrnandia, Fla., is engaged on an rder forcreosoting 600,000 feet of ycl iw pijer-and 60,00) feet of oak, to bt sea In the construction of the govern icnt drydock at Port Royal, 8. C. OTHER STATES. M?ntoombby, Ala.?Thomas H. Vntis, exGovernor of Alabama, and At arney General in the Confederate cabinet lied bore at 3 o'clock Friday morning fter several weeks illness. HE CLYDE FACTION IN CONTROL. 'he Richmond and W>.at Point Terminal's Status Fixed. Richmond, Va.?"W.P. Clyde and those i sympathy with him are now in full ontrol of the Richmond and West Point 'eiminal Railroad and Warehouse Cjtnany. At the general meeting of the stockolders the ticket proposed by what is nown as the "Calhoun faction" was docatcd as were also resolutions which Mr. 'at Calhoun tri.d to have passed. Ever ince the meeting held here was called lioro h..ve been two committees at work eceiving proxits. Tho oae headed by Vm. E. Strong represented the Clyde eople and that of which Alex E. Oir ias chairman represented the "Calhoun nc ion' i o-dny the tupporters at Clyde on trolled 400,122 shares of stock, while lie other side had only about 171,00} hares to vote. The meeting wns called to order in the rimes Building at noon by W. G. Oakinn, receiver of the company, and imicdiatcly adjourned to the Exchange lotcl. \V. 1\ Clyde was made cfcairmn. The inspectors of tho election sported the following gentlemen had eieived the vote of 400,122 shares of lock voted and tbey were declared lected directors: Wm. E. Strong, leo. F. Stone, Wm. P. Clyde, J, u. IcBeao, Alex S. VanNest, Thomai F. tynu. Qeo. Blagden, C. A. Law, R. G. Irwin, W. II. Goadly, Jno. N. Hutchinon, Jon Bryan, Edward Packard, Jno. i. Rutherfurd, R. 8. Hayes, G. J. Gold, rhos. Manson, Jr., and Chas. McGbcc. This was the ticket put un by the Hyde faction. The names of the j erons on the Calhoun ticket were not pf van Atlf TKsivt rAAiii ainrl IWa ?a4si *4 |iv?H V?V M ??wj # CUV fWWI U1 bout 175,000 shards. The meeting adjourned to ths 85th of )ctober. Build Gunning Factories. While the past season haa not been al ogcther favorable for the farmers and anners in Botetourt county, Va., the ntter have found a strongor demand and eadior sale for their output than was e*>cctcd. Altogether over 50,000 cases of :anoed com, tomatoes and okra will be nade in the county by some forurteen anners. This indurstry seems to have aken a good hold whenever tried and ihould become inorc general. It is a lenettt to the farmer and to tha , town n which it is located. West. New* of the Order From Vprioua Point*. The Alabama State AUianoe met in convention ut Cuflmnn. The following officers were elected: B. W. Qrace, president; Merrill, of Randolph, vice-president; 8. M. Adams. State lecturer; T. J. Carl sle, of Pike, assistant lecturer; W. I. Brock, secretary and treasurer; Elder Biackvrell, of Madison, chaplain; C. C. Lee, of Barbour, doorkeeper; O. W. Jones, assistant doorkeeper; King, of Butler, Bcrgennt-at arms. * ? + ** The Maryland State Alliance elected as officers tor ensuing yb*.r president, M. G. Ellzey, of Howard county; vicepresident, J. W. Kerr, of Caroline county; secretary and treasurer. T. Canflcl 1 Jen kins, of Charles country Slate lecturer, Frank IT. Jones, o?Caroline "^couuty. Execu tive committm: Hugh Mitchell, of Charles county; N. A. Dut.ning, of Prince George's county; Charles Gum, of Worcester county. Committee on the good of the Order: E. 8 Hefirou, of Caroline county; E. J. C. Parsons, of Worcester county; J. H. Downing, of Wicomico county. F. H. Jones and M. G. Ellzey were elected delegates - to the National Alliance. Alonzo Warded writes: I attended the State meeting of Missouri Industrial and Labor Union atMoberly, Mo., August 23 25. Had a good * meeting. The old HaII difficulty has practically disappeared and bo has he, so fur as the Allianco is concerned. The Ocala demands were fully indorsed. The national bid degree was adopted, and tho officers were ie< Justed to proceed at once to introduce it, oseph Miller, of G anger, Scjtlnnd county, was elected president and J. Weller Long, Warrensburg, secretary; Larkin Wise, lecture, and Brothers Wollnrd. Aid rich ar>d Leonard were pJoaf cd delegates ?9 tbe^tuprcme council. Mitsouri is in good condition and con be depended on lor a big vote for Weaver and the Ocala demands The new offlecrs are able, energetic and reliable, and will push matters. General Weaver made them a grand speech the evening ef the 23d. * * * *.* * Coming-Crisis (Colorado) reduces the national bankiug problem to ana paragraph, and hits it right: Have you got a "bank" note in you {tockct? Thon know that somebody had o borrow it out of bank at the current rote of interest?10 or 12perceul. 'then know that your government made this bastard money especially for the porr baukers and loaned it to them at 1 per cent, per annuuijij Ana yet these bankers stick up their nose and tell you that the government cannot cvww cue |n)?(nvuiw?rat 2 per cent 1 ****** CUBAN TOBACCO IN j'SOUTH CAROLINA. If reports be true there will soon be even stronger reasons for Cuban cigar manufacturers to move to this country than the high taxes imposed upon them L_ tk. :.k * *' ujr me o|mui?u government. n is oni(l that on the WillcoxA O'Neill phautation at Kstill, S. C., sixty miles from Savannah, Mr. W. P. Willcox has succeeded in raising some reinaikahle fine Havana tobacco from Vvelto Abajo seeds, whjch is one of the best varieties grown in Cuba. Fifteen acres were planted, but through insufiicicut knowledge of the proper methods of cu'tivatinn and trouble with insects the crop was small. Even with these drawbacks, however, the result havo netted uearly $100 per acre. With the experienceguinod by this trial Mr. Willcox thinks lie can more than double his returns next year, and will give about seventy-five acres to it. The leaf has bee'u examined by experts, who pro nounce it equal to any tobacco grown in It may take gomo years to acquire a full knowledge of the methods most satisfactory for growing such a crop, aud the variety may chungc under the new condi tioas of soil and climato, but the experiment is well worth trying, and even though later crops shou'd not be of as high a tirade as this tirat'one, they will morj then pay the expense of cultivation. A careful study of what is needed, coup led wi h the judicious use of su table fertilizers, shouldjU least aid in preventing any material change in quality or value of the leaf. Goaded School Boy Awengea Himself. A Vienna cablegram says: At Tnrnpol,in Austrian Gnllicia,a school boy nmncd Schwedt, exasperated beyond endurance by the harshness with which he hadbeea treated by a Prof. Qlowacki,sh .t the professor dead as he was leaving the cl-.ss room. Glowacki was noted for his severe trea ment of the children under his charge. Schwedt then shot himself through the head, dying iu3 nntly. "Guilty, But Drunk." Nasiivillb, Tenh.?Tho case of Joseph Smith and J. H. Lockhart, sheriff and deputy sheriff of Warren county Ala , charged with the larceny of $2,00J worth of diamonds from n New York drummer, while in Nashville wero"noll d" in the ciimiuaV court. The defendants admitted their guilt, but said the robbery was coinmitte 1 while they were in a drunken frenzv. A Freight Train Kills Them Both. Ltrohbvro, Va.?Frank Martin, of Lynchburg, and Joseph VanClevee, of Lexington, Va , both in the employ of m Snead A Co., contractors of this city, were struck and instantly killed by a freight train near Orcenway, a station on tho C. A O: railroad. The remains of the unfortunate men were brought here. Director Leech, of Washington, has or dared fram the Philadelphia Mint, in addition to Urge orders of small coins, 000,000 new half dollars for circulation in Washington during the veterans1 encam pine t. Treasurer Nebeckcr is also prepared with large orders of email netes. Chicago brewers have /ormed a $0,000,000 combine to purchase local saloons. The Dreaded Disease Within The Citadel. A Number Dead and More Stricken. Precautionary Measures Taken. New York City.?Five deaths in | this city from Asiatic cholera were announced by the Board of Health. This is the list of those known to have died of Asiatic cholera: titk dead. Name. Age. Died. Charles McAvoy 35 Sept. 6 William Wiegman 52 Bcpt. 10 Sophia Wiegman 68 Sept. 11 Minnie Levinger 1| Sept. 11 Uhnrlotte Beck 31 Bcpt. 13 Each has been roportcd by the attending physician as suspicious, but no notice was given out until the nature of the disease had been definitely determined by a bacteriological examination, which delayed announcement of the presence of cholcfb. In but one case is thcro a clue to the Sosslble origin of tha disease Four [uOgarian immigrants who arrived from Antsyc.rp on the Vricslaud on Aug. 29 lived for scvoral days in the house where Minnie Levinger died on Sunday. None of tho Fricsiund's passengers were ill, but the vessel was disinfected aud detained abqut forty hours. The city authorities express confidence that thej will be able to keep tho disease from spreading, and the announcement of ita presence in tho city does not seem to have crcatod public alarm. Tho hcnlth inspectors have reported another case of cholera. The victim, Mary Connoly, 16 years old, residing at 092 Second avnue, has been removed to the St. John's Ouild Floating Hospital at the foot of East 10th street. Two suspected cases were found in Brooklyn. A young German girl, whoso name could not be learned, residing at 56 State street, w? n.. mjau. r?-i? ? ? Ninth street Williamsburg, the other. The German girl died in a few hours. She had been in this country since last February. THE NAVY CLAIMS HIGH HONORS. Lieutenant Peary Discover* Independence?He Travel* 1, 300 Kile* Inland?Los* of Kr. Verhoff. Washington.D. C.?Lieutenant Peary, who with his party arrived at St. Johns, N. F., froin the Arctic regions, after an absence of 12 months, has telegraphed the Navy Department from 8t. Johns that the United 8tates Navy claims the highest discoveries on the e st const of Greenland?Independence Bay, 82 de gress N. latitude, 84 degrees *W. loDgitifo?, m*eovewir?fnny4, OreuuUijd Ice Cape ends south of Victoria Inlet. 6t. John, N. F .?-The steamer Kite arrived here from McCormack harbor nf ter 12 months in the Arctic regions bringing with her Lieutenant Peary, with his wife and party. All arc safe and wel', ,with one exception. Lieuto isnt Peary made a stage journey with dogs of thirteen hundred miles over the interior ice, which he found available. He was out 0J days and returned all right, August 4. lie made impdrta-.t discoveries, confirming his theory. Mr. Verhoff, tho mcteorlogist of the nnrfu wanf nn n 4 ?? n si pivj, M VIIII wu ft inu unjo trip to a neighboring settlement Failing to return at the end of that time, the party started after him, but found no tiacc of Liin. For six days, the eutirc party seirched for him. On the sixth day they found some minerals placed by Verhofif on a rock and traces of his footsteps to a large, wicked looking glacier, and here all signs of him were lost. No signs of the missing man were fouud and they woro forced to believe that he had lire his fate in one of the numerous crevasses. The expedition was a great rucccss Among Lieutenant Peary's disioveriis, was one of a great bay, latitude, 81.37, longitude 41, opening out eas and northeast, which he named Independence liny, in honor of the day, July 4, and the great glacier flowing north into it Academy Glacier. WISE WORDS. Women's jara make men's wars. A woman's tears are a fountain of craft. The cunniog wife makes her husband her apron. Women laugh when they can and weep when they please. Truth travels in slow boats whilf hope and fear run iu slippers of lightning. In maturity reason sometimes builds a palace out of the ruins which the passions of youth have left. A little depression is more favorable to improvement than much coraplaconcy. Batter pass through life dropping with self-distrust than trip along elated with a globule of gas iu the brain. Prejudice is intellectual and moral impurity disturbing the balance of our faculties with a personal bias. It mixes our ignorant error nod wilful desire with what should be kept clean and free foi the truth. P'eagreeable duties aro bettor dons with quick resolve by a generous impulse of devotion than with careful deliberation by a dogged perseverance. Whet one has to take an emetic it in a great economy to swallow it at one heroic gulp and not dribble it down in succestivi disgusts;' Rectitude is the normal condition fot religious peace; certitude the normal condition for intellectual contontment. Rectitude is the regulation of personal conduct by the standard of universa good. Certitude is the complacent ro< K83 of the mind in conscious uniou wilt object. ^ The coal mines of Flenu-les-Mons, In Belgium, nro of great depth, and a recent survey has shown that r.ch veins ol coal exist at a depth of 1200 metre*, M?b aio to be worked future. ITS ORIGIN, MKT HODS OF PREVENTION AND TREATMENT. - ,ow Cholera Germs Mar Be Extirpated?Importance of t he Diet and of Cleanliness In and About the House. I ~1 TROM a pamphlet upon Asiatic, I?( cholera, issued for free circula| ^ tion by Dr. L. II. Harris, of ~q~ Pittsburg, Penn., we make tho following extracts concerning the disease, its prevention and proper methods of treatmeut: Iu 'Wood's Practice of Medicine, 1855," weread that although long knowu | in India, the cholera first began to attract the attention of the medical profession generally in the year 1817, when it broke out as an epidemic with great violence in Bengal and then commenced the fearful march which did not cease until it had encircled tho globe. When Dr. Wood wrote, in 1854, there seemed to be a great uncertainty in the minds of the medical profession and much diversity of opinion as to the nature of the specific cause of the disease. Even it that early date tho theory," though not understood R9 now, was vaguely hi tiled at by more than one. On this question Dr. Wood writes, "some have been disposed to refer tho results to invisible animalcules" and while admitting that, many circumstances tend to show that such a theory is within the bounds of a reasonable probability, adds, "still it must be confessed that the opinion is without proof; as these animalcules havo never beou detected." It has been reserved for medical scientists of our own day and within tho past ten or twelve years to develop and prove the so-called germ theory, and it diseases referred to by Dr. Wood, catarrh and iuflueuza, are also diseases propagated entirely by distinctive germs, which have been isolated and very minutely described. Professor Koch, tho eminent bacteriologist of Berlin, by his personal experience and experiments in India, in Egypt and elsowhere during the epidemic of 1883 and 1884, has established beyond serious question the fact that cholera in its malignant form is also a bacterial or germ disease, having isolated and identified the "comma bacillus" as the peculiar germ always existing in every case of genuino cholera and never found under other circumstances. These obolera germs may exist to a limited extent in the air during periods when the disease is epidemic, but more generally find their way into tho system by tifV^lrjvllDg of Impure water, aud one of the best precautionary methods is to use no water for drinking except that which has been boiled. Spring water and that from shallow wells should bo especially avoided. The development of the germ theory of this disease enables the medical profession to control it to a greater extent than formerly and suggests many means of prevention entirely unknown during former epidemics. This cholera germ is I readily propagated and rapidly multiplied in the alimentary caual, and its tirst existence is shown by a diarrhcci, which should be cheeked at ouce, and if possible by remedies which at the samo time destroy the germs of the disease; the delay of a single hour in such cases is hazardous, sioce it is only in the earlier stages of the disease that it is likely to yield to medical treatment, and hence the great necessity for having some reliable remedy always at hand for such emergency until the services of a physician can be secured. Hence also the propriety of using preventive medicines, as well as a strict attention to the diet and ordinary sanitary regulations during a period when cholera and other infec tious diseases are prevalent. The germ theory having been admit ted, it follows that the best preveutativi remedy will be one which by experience has proved most effective in de stroying those germs and one which maj be used with the utmost safety. N< other preventative remedies should bt placed in the hands of the general pub lie. The popular belief that brandy anc other alcohonc simulants arc a safeguard Against the dreaded disease should be discountenanced, since it is a wellknown fact that those who are accus- i tomed to the use of such stimulants are | among the first to succumb to the disease. Brandy or whisky or gin may in some cases be used to give temporary relief in tho earlier stages of the disease when other remedies are not available but should in no caso be taken as a preventive. While it is admitted that tho best medication is preventive, yet there is room for choice iu this matter and alcoholic beverages should be avoided as far as possible during the heated term and more especially during a cholera epidemic. It should also be borne in mind that it is of tiik utmost importance that a physician snoltld be cam,ei) at the earliest possible moment. Household remedies, while convenient and indeed important to use immediately on the appearance of the first symptoms, should be considered simply as a temporary expedient until profos aioDAl skill osd be secured. All garbage should be burned, no filth or decaying vegetable or animal mattor should be permitted to remain unburnt, disinf ~~ **"*uld be freely applied whenever needed, but moit of all should closets, drains, outhouses and collars bo crfrefully looked after. Tho cellars even in the better class of dwellings are fruitful sources of disease, they aro frequently damp and poorly veutilntol, and domestics aro too apt to throw a decaying vegetable into sumo out of the way corner. Every cellar should be thoroughly cleaned and white-washed and if not freely ventilalo.l immediate steps should bo takcl foi the fullest circulation of pure air through every part; quick-lime, copperas, choloride of Una OT soma tu-o-varation n( Mrhnjjc acid mmmmm the floor along eacftWill $M In every ' crevice and corner and the utBRWt cleftnliucas insisted upon. Tho importance of the sautary condition of tile cellar cannot be overestimated. The stable and carriage house is another fruitful source of disease and should receive more than ordinary attention. The grades around the house should also bo looked after that there be no pools of stagnant water and if there are shallow wells on the premises they should be closed and hermetically sealed. , In high localities the disease does not prevail to the same extent as on the lower levels. Impure water, lowuess of sites and the emanations arising from the decomposition of animal refuse, are stated as the local causes which favor tho propagation and development of the disease. Personal cleanliness is of such obvious importance that it would seem scarcely worth calling attention to but for tbe fact that many very rcspeotablo peoplw are so particular about the condition of the stomach and liver, kidnevs and other organs that they almost entirely ignore the important functions performed by the skin. With a healthy skin. well cared for, one would have loss occasion to consider internal orgaus. It is not so much the matter of bathing as it is a necessity for exposing the entire surface of the body to the atmosphere. The entire body should be sponged off with water twice a day. A bath room is not a necessity, a basin of water, a sponge and a towel are all that is ready required, but the entire body should be exposed to the air during this ablution night and morning. The diet should be carefully guarded though not necessarily restricted to any great extent. It should be such as to maintain the digestive organs and the general system in the best possible condition without stimulation or depression jmymal wA as those which ore overripe, should be avoided. Vegetables which are not fresh and those difficult of digestion may prop eriy do dispensed with and meats which havo been kept for any length of time should not be used. Attention to the diet is of the most importance if there ic a general tendency to looseness of the bowola. In such cases essence of beef, beef tea, chicken soup with rice, broiled chicken, broiled beef steak,mutton 01 lamb chops broiled,boiled rice,tea and toast and similar articles of food should be given the preference. Gum Arabic water with loaf sugar may bo used freely as a drink. Salt meats, fish whether fresh or salted, oysters, clams, vegetables, fruits and all greasy food should be avoided, and the patient should be kept as quiet as possible, perfect rest being desirable. Excessive labor both of brain and body, worrimcnts, anxieties, sudden chauges of temperature and everything which tends to debilitate, enervate or depress the system should be avoided. Tho necessity for pure drinking water has already been dwelt upon but this is a matter of such vital importance that it may well be referred to again. A small quanity of citric acid or lemon juice if added to tho water will be found both agreeable aud beneficial and may be used as freely as desired. Cholera although infectious, spread by some hidden or diffusive power, is not a contagious disease. It is not conveyed by personul contact as is small-pox and some other diseases. It is important that this fact should be emphasizsd so there need he no hesitancy in caring for those afflicted with the discuse. Apricot Paste. Apricot paste, known as Kumar ?T Dine, is, together with dried apricots, one of the principal exports from Damascus. The fruit, when gathered, is cruthed iu a kind of large iron wire sieve, and the thick juice which results from this operation is collected in earthen vats, and then spread on plauks covered with a layer of oil, where it is allowed to rcinaiu two days exposed to the air. At the expiration of this time the paste is removed and turned. On the fourth day the paste is again removed, and it then has the appearance of a band of leather, very thin, and of a reddish-brown coior, about a yard and a half long and half a yard wide. This is ilwi fin net nttalifo n f naofa Tho aa ma operation is repeated once or twico to obtain a second and third quality, each time a little water being added to the residuum of the former operation. The . bands of paste are then folded so as to form bundles of about five pounds weight, which are sold according to quality.? Scientific American. Vanderbilt's Way. A writer in the Figaro throws an interesting light upou Mr. Vanderbilt'si method of buying picture3. The mil-1 liounire. it seems: went once to Meisson-' icr and asked him which of his works was, in bis own opinion, his chof d'ouvre. Mcissonier answered: "The Chess Players." "Whom does it belong to!" was Mr. Vanderbilt's next question. "Td Hetr Meyer, of Dresden," was the answer. That veiy night Mr. Vanderbilt dispatched a secretary to Dresden, who went straight to Herr Meyer and demanded to know his price. "$80,000," replied the owner, thinking that he bad effectually frightened his interrogator. "I take it," naid the secretary to the. a IT... %r J grcnv iwiuuniimcm ui norr /iicyor, anil take it he did.?Pall Mall Gazette. Flimsy Structures and Earthquakes. I Careful studies made of the multe of the big earthquake of last April in I Sacrimento Valley of California demon* siruto clearly that the buildioga which had deep an] firm foundations were uninjured while those adjoining which had shallow foundations were totally wrecked. Bricks taken from scores of shattered houses showed that they were laid dry with mortar that contained a very small percentage ot cement tosaad. , ?New York Tribune. /