The weekly Union times. [volume] (Union C.H., South Carolina) 1871-1894, September 03, 1880, Image 1
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I DEFERRED NEWS ITEJtS. | ^^^Iha Fa tart Po?tt)llitie? ql Cotton. . | A ffi?? Moti.?thejji?rmer3_flIJk|fisfi]csk^jhfcfyim^i^?
i ' '" "' tim'" -1 t:^?^?^?
See Atlanta and Die.
Atlanta, Aug. 212, 1880.
llavc you ever been lo Atlanta. Mr. Stokes ??
If you ln?ve not you have never been in Georgia.
Atlanta is to the Qeorgian what Mecca is
to tlio Maliamedan. The French say "see i'aris
and die," and the Georgia has very much the
same feeling about Atlanta.
Whenever a man fails in any enterprise elsewhere,
ho goes to Atlanta to retrievo his hopes,
and if he succeeds ho goes there to insure his
success. All the roads converge to Atlanta; all
the ideas converge toward Atlanta or originate
there. You can hardly go through Georgia by a
railroad without going through Atlanta; and as
, to seeing a man, woman or child in Georgia
asvho don't know all abcut Atlanta is utterly out
the question. Atlanta is the great cauldron
in which stale politics and Federal politics are
boilcdjup, for Georgia consumption. Atlanta,
let Savannah, Macon, Augusta and Columbus
?ay what they may?Is the brain, sinew, steam
locomotive power of the State.
They can do things up thero in a style unknown
to provincial cities. They can gel up a bigger
cauard, the journalist can put it ore red in his
brush and tly his kilo higher and keep it up
longer than in any given locality under tho sun,
moon and seven stars.
Atlanta has been in a fearful Blew of late.?
The state Democratic Convention of an out-audout
Democratic State, mind you, lias been in
session for some timo and has been uuabio to
nominate a Governor?not because of any political
shortcomings of tho candidates, but for purely
personal considerations. The most vindictive,
relentless war has been waged against Gov. Colquitt
by the combined ctfoits of his opponents
0 ?for neither one of them alone could collect
around his banner over a corporal's guard. They
'? abused Colquitt because he was a christian, because
he delivered lectures to Sunday Schools,
' ' beoause ho stood by his friends and would not
curse his enemies. They ciroulated handbills
against him and accused him of negligence, favoritism
bribery, corruption, et al: The very at- j
mospiicrc or Atlautu is anti Colquitt. So much
for being an out-and-out Democratic State, of
which Independenlism will be the fruit and a
bitter personal campaign, tending, pcihaps, in
the resurection of the lUdicnl Parly.
VIGIL.
!
Suicide in Greenville County.?Columbia, t
August 25.?John Trammell, cf Greenville t
County, attempted suicide on Friday night and i
is expected to die. Cause unknown. t
Nomination or tiie Hon. John S. Riciiaud- '
eoN.?Florence, August 25.?The Hon. John S.
Richardson was unanimously. renominated for
Cougress. George W. Dargau, Esq., of Darlington,
was nominated for solicitor on the thirtysecond
ballot.
Imports or Specir.?New York, August 25.? 1
Tho following is a detailed statement of the (
amounts of specie which arrived at this port 1
to-day: Steamer Wiscomin, $130,000; Steamer "
France, 180,000 ; steamer Jiatavia, $500,000 ; '
steamer Oellert, $1,080,700. Total $3,190,- s
700, all gold coin except $130,000 gold bars. 0
Tue Democrats or Kbrsuaw.?Camden, Au- c
gust 25.?Tho Kershaw County Convention, held t
to-day, was the most harmonious ever held here. E
The congressional delegates chosen nre three for g
Woodward, one for Erwin. Woodward's name y
was received with outbursts of applause wheu- a
ever inentioued. The Judicial Convention en c
dorsed Judge Leitner first, Col. MoMaster next, c
for solicitor. I
. + .
Malpractice in Cuicauo.?Chicago, August 1
25.?The dead body of a young wouiau about 20 "
years of ngc, as yet unidentified, was found in ^
tho hallway of a house on West Madison strcot 8
this morning.- -On her finger was a ring beariug v
p the initials E. A. C. She is supposed to have p
been the victim of criminal malpractice on the k
part of a certain Dr. Earle. to whom clrcum- 1
stances point.
Tile draining has recently been taken up ii
with great industry by the Western States, its h
benefits to agriculture having been established, a
The drains are laid at au average depth of 33 e
inches, and the cost of digging is ubout 15 to n
20 cents per yard, equal to $25 to $30 per acre, ii
according to width of drains apart, but the increased
yield of crops sometimes reaches 100
percent. In Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, Illinois, 2
Wisconsin and Iowa there are now 1,140 tile 0
factories, instead of 400 in 1870, and last year 1
these turned eat l75,OOOfOO0 tiles, equal to Go,- P
000 miles of drain, at a cost of $2,812,600. o
Vr-l t!
Am Indian's Nkat RiiPArtK*.?Peuvor, Col, e
August 26.?The commissioners have arrived >! <]
the Southern Ute Agcnoy, and gone into camp. ^
They are delayed by the tardiness of the South. c
ern Indians and the illness of Ouray, upon whose c
death or recovery much depends. It is believed (
tho Southern Indians will be very slow about (
it. Chief Ignooto, on being requested to get his {
Indians together as soon as possible, replied that t
when he was in Washington the tongues of the t
white men were as long as his arm, but now tlioy i
were no longer than tho first joint of his fin*
gee.
,
Thb Work or tub Flanks.?Philadelphia,
A OR A l 1? ? -- ? * -?
ou^uok ?? ur? vrufto ouv n an eony nour j
this morning in (he flour mill of Wtr. B. Thorn- (
as A Co., corner of 13th end Willow streets.? ,
The flames spread rapidly and oommuni- j
sated to thd store sod hollow ware foundry of |
Btuart & Petersod, ?bsn 10 'b* *?*? building on (
fbs corner of 18lh snJ Hamilton Streets, occu- (
pied by Oumport? Brother*, manufacturers of I ,
cigars. The mill was soon io rufd.*? *n^ a'| 'be |
.walls fell 1# the streets. The falling bricks <
crushed in eastern sad of Stuart A Pefir*
w son's foundry, end the flames dostroyed nearly
*11 the patterns is the pattern room. The loss on
lbs foundry is estimated at $76,000 and on (be
will $100,000. Gumport A Co., employed ISO
bands, sod bad 400,000 loose elftrs in stock.
Their insurance is $2A,000, and that will oorer
tbs loss. A number of email buildings adjoining
irfff alto damaged by ike fire. ,
fU
nrnuu mainsou, ot" lloston, with his woa- i
derfnV skill iu the using ot facts to illustrate
problems, shows, in a letter to the New York i
Herald, that Cotton remains King of American
products in a commercial point of view, lie i
shows that the as yet undeveloped resources *
of cotton will probabnbly turn out to be even ,
greater than those which wo now know and uso- ]
IIo says : "The true forces now in action in tho i
South are industrial forces ; the opportunities to i
apply improvements and inventions, and for the I
accumulation of widely diffused wealth by right- j
ful methods. The true reconstruction and the j
real union that arc now being consummated are <
by meaus of these industrial forces, and in this i
work cotton has been and will be the most po- 1
tent force of nil." Slavery, ho says, was econ- i
otnicnlly wasteful, and its remnants still tend to
keep ootton culturo iu a wasteful state. Yet
there have been great improvements already, not
due eutirely to (he abolition ol slavery of course,
kni la m Urga Mmswio the fat tbst (In gi?r <
ral impoverishment of the people has forced 1
them to give greater attontion to their crops in 1
order to secure tho utmost possible yield. In {
this way, from careful selection of seed an l bet- '
ter culture, the plant matures earlier and has !
been inado more prolific, and a hand can pick
much more iu a day and a season. Yet Mr.
Atkinson thinks that what has been done is but 1
ft tlie of what remains : the present power of '
King Cotton is but the shadow of the substance
yet to come." Tho value ot the seed, for in- 1
stance, is as yet an unknown quantity. If wo (
make six million bales, tho seed left over after j
nil has been saved that is needed for planting l
amounts to three million tone. In other words, j
the seed outweighs tho "liut" that is separated [
from it more than two to one. If all this refuse ]
were treated as n small part of it 19 at prcscul s
in cottonseed oil mills we should annually have j
>0,000,000 gillons of oil, 1,300,000 tons of oil t
jako or meal, aud 1,000,000 tons of hulls, from t
which it is supposed that 700,000 tons of paper >
may be made. If tho hulls cannot be made into j
paper they can be ground up with tho cake into 3
meal and fed to sheep, every ton being capable t
n conjunction with the wild grosses of the South, t
io keep five sheep during a year. Thus tho waste ?
if (he cotton fields will fatten sheep enough to *
tupply our woolen factories, while the sheep 1
folded on the cottou Golds would so fertilizo the '
mil as to double the crop of cotton, and the mut- t
on could be sold abroad to the full extent of *
my foreign demand. Vet tho soil now in cotton 1
n the South is less than two per cent, of the a
irea of the Southern Stales, and the only limit 1
o the extension of its culture is tho power of *
licking cotton. The future of cotton, when it %
:an be secured as readily by machinery as the
.vheat crop is now saved in Minnesota and Call- ]
brnia, is simply something incalculable. In
his connection Mr. Atkinson truly says that [
'there never was so great a Geld suddenly opened
'or the introduction of now tools, new cotton
pus, new presses and for every variety of irnplenents
and processes." It is for this reason,
nnong others, that Mr. Atkinson strongly urges ,
lie setting 011 foot of a great exhibition exclu- J
ivcly devoted to cotton, in order to probe thoroughly
"the secret of its kingship." What is e
hat secret, he asks. Is it because cotton or s
otlon fabrics "are almost a legal tender for all i
he other commodities that tho world yields or u
leeds ?" Two hands, with their children, 011
;o ) l land, will make and pick twenty bales a 1
car, and another hand's labor will gin, bale ti
nd move this cotton to mill, one operative will 1
onvert it into 8,000 pounds of coarse cloth, a
tiougk to clothe 1,C00 Chinese or 3,000 Cast c
vidians for a year. Thus the work of four I'
lands per year on cotton supplies the clothing
eeJs of four to eight hundreJ times as many ^
eople. These things can only be properly y
hown by means of a great cotton exhibition, in ll
irhich all the possibilities of the wonderful sta- P
ile can be adequately displayed, and Mr. At- j
inson calls upon the agricultural department,
lie cotton exohanges, the Northern associations j
f manufacturers and the Southern associations f
Dlautera and f*rm?r? in m.nnn i? 1
r n
ig about the much-needed exposition. There ^
as as yet been no such exhibition anywhere,
nd one which should be adequately and prop- j
rly got up would astonish tho world quite as j,
lucb as it would bonefit the world's foremost ^
idustry. b
North Wkstkrn Corn Crop.?Chicago, August j
6,?The Commercial Bulletin has replies from u
orrcspondcuts from two hundred and fifty coun- n
ies in the Northwest, from August 10 to the r,
resent time, as to the condition and prospects 0
t" tne coin vi^.. re8?U 5s ?'' d'^rry . 0
hat the stories of the drought have bccu much '1
xnggerated, and that the frequent showers of s
he past few doys will doubtless remedy a great it
art of the evil froth drought. The crop will 0
ertainly be a large average, the damage being ?
onfined to narrow limits. In some districts 1
h- Ml t- - iL. ft * *
no orups win u? me mrgcsi on recor>i. tins is 1
ruo of Iown. The summary shows I lint twenty- 11
ivo counties report the condition as pooi ; 51 c
eport it fair ; 109 good; C2 excellent. Illinois, v
lie largest corn Slate, reports five poor, 10 fair,
19 good and 7 excellent. 8
The Mexican Bandits.?San Francisco, August
25.?A dispatch from Tucson, August 25.?
A dispatch from Tucson, A. T., says: Sheriff C.
Butner with a posse left here last night to inter- j
ispt and arrest the Mexican briguid Reyes, who
with his band were reported to be in this vioin- ^
lly. Butner met them about eight miles from j
town and a fight ensued in which about fifty f
iliots were fired. The Mexicans fled, leaving ,
several dead and wounded as well as their ani- (
mats and weapons ou the field. The sheriff fol- (
lowed but soou lost their trail in the darkness.
The bandits are supposed to number about fifty.
A company of United States troops is now in i
pursuit of them. I
A Silent Convention.?Cincinnati, August
g3.wThe deaf mutes of America are holding
here to-dey their first convsntion. Thero is a |
fair attendance from all parts of tho United
States aud Canada. Robert McUregor, of CinfiioMlU
Wi# president,
Jj
county have organized n Planters' Proteeliv'eB
Association, the ohjcct of which is to extirpated "
and stamp out tho illogal mid dishonest traffic ^
in seed cotton. An executive committee, con- '
sisting of ono member from each township, in
canvassing for members, and will offer a reward 0
of ono hundred dotlais for proof to convict any <;
person or persons of violating I lie law regulating
the sale of seed cotton. This is a wise move on o
the part of the Edgefield fanners, and wo would c
he pleased to see similar organizations formed f
in other coituties of the State. The traffic in
seed cotton after night has been and is yet a 1
great annoyance to the farming interests in many >
sections of the State, and by all means should t
be stopped wherever practiced.?Anaerton Intel- c
fivjenctr. cREPUBLICAN
EXTRAVAGANCE. 0
Washington, Aug. 9, 1880. *
Tho Republican party has boon wont to r
awfttin tlie Triiiiniiraii i mgh > pnaTth nf -f
iddiug euoruiously to tho public bitrdeu, v
and vaunts itself upon its economy in public 1
Expenditures. Au investigation of the '
claims of the Republican party may be of 1
jomc interest as well as surnrisc to somn nf
pour readers. tj
The war burdened the country with an n
moruious public debt and a grievous system t(
)f taxation. These matters demanded at si
he bauds of fuithi'ul representatives in Con- g
;rcs?, a rigid and ei%eiivc system of reform it
tnd retrenehmcub in the public expeudiure.
With this immense debt overhang- "
ng us and a burden of tuxaliou that it was '
ilinust impossible to pay, the Republican t?
jarty having the Kxecutivo, and control of d
>oth Houses of Congress on the 3d of March h
1873, the act eoinumnly known as the ''saltry
grab" Was passed, the same being re- n
juried by General GarGcld, then chairman tl
if tho com in ittee on appropriations, lly n
his measure the salary of the i'resident it
vas increased from 925,000 to 950,000
)cr annum. Cabinet otlieers to $10,000 a tc
fear. Chief Justice of the Supreme Court d
o $10,500, aud the uiuc Associate Judges G
o $10,000 a year oach, the salary of the I
Speaker of tho ilouse of Representatives to g
>10,000, aud that of each Scuator and p
iicmbcr of the House to $7,500"?this upon
he 3d day ot March 1873. Whoo Con- st
;ress was just expiring, the members of 111
vhich had already served their two years, ti
it a Gxed salary of $5,000 a year, this ol
ict was made retroactive, and gave to each "
ncuiber of Congress $5,000 extra for the ti
wo years just served iu addition to the tl
15.000 stated salary. The unjust and un- o]
vurrauted measure w >s enacted when the it
latiou was groauing under uu already cuor- h
nous burden. Tho amount of this salary
;rab cau bo summed up as follows : ol
>5,000 additional to 3GG members r;
of Congress, ?,S3QJ100 "J
Addition to President s salary,* $25,000 lai
Vdditiou to the Judges of J$u* 'e
prouic Court, $18,500 01
Addition to Cabinet officers, $14,000 11
Halting a total of these salaries ?1,887,000 g<
Besides litis lite salaries of all the employ- u>
cs of the House au J Senate were increased,
o as to aggregate SCO.000. So tint the w
ncrcuse in salaries made in 1871 and 1873 t(l
uiountcd in round numbers to 82,000,000. tli
The compensation of tho Senators and iz
Icprcsoutntives in Congress was formerly
xed at $S,00 per day and mileage. In ic
857 it was made $3,000 a year and utile- a|
go. lu 18GG. both Houses and the Ex- a'
cutive being Republican, the coittpeusaion
of Senators and members was increased
j $6,000 a year and milctge. In 1873
lie compensation was raised to 87.500 a
car and ntiloage, but in 1874 it was resarcd
to $5,000, but ouly done so to tipcase
the howl of their tax ridden constitu- ^
nts. For many years the salary of the a!udges
of the Supreme Court was $4,500, ,
ud tho chief Justice $5,000 per year. lu 'l!
867 this was iucrcased to $0,000 and $G,00.
In 1871 to $8,000 and $8,500, and aI
t the saino time nine Circuit Judgeships 80
fere created at a salary of$G,000 each, ai
ggrcgating $54,000. Tho salary of tho
'resident was increased to $50,000, per year, .
list at the expiration of Grant's first term, 111
iving him tho benefit of the increase on *
oth terms of $200,000 in all. In the ^
leanwltile tho expenses of the Executive rc
lansion under Republican rule from a P;
tore nominal sum run to $75,000 a year, u>
..J en .i . .? m
iju uiit* )uar hi vu.mi a aummisiraiiot) LDCV |
cached 870,000. This is Republican fljL)- I
my with a vcngcncc. The Presirii^flt | |u
mcc cost toe country ?iud,uui? a year.? "
'his together with the large donation, and
ubsidie9 received by tho Presidential Chair,
a a flnanci il point of view, an enviable T
no. Not only have tho expenses of our
;ovcrr.meut been g^atly enlarged under MC
lepublican rule, but what is still worse c
ho pure and elevated bearing and patriot- P
sin that has formerly surrounded the Kxe- *
mtive Chair has given away to greed, fraud,
-ice and violence. "
Tho above is but one of tho many expen- c<
ivc luxuries of n Republican adininistra- t(
ion.?CORDWAINBR, in Pickent Sentinel. *
Potato Flour.?Potato flour, or the *
tried pulp of the potato, is attaining great 11
mportance in the nrtn. It in stated that in k
Lancashire, England, 20,000 tons of it are v
mid annually, and it brings at prcseut in j4
Liverpool about double ns much in tho mar- '
cot us wheat flour. It is used for sizing n
ind other manufacturing purposes, and u
when precipitated with acid is turned into u
itaroh. When calcined it in employed as a F
dressing for ^
Tho Keokuk Gate City wishes to know t
if n retired baggngo-mnster can bo appropri- i
a tol it vnfupvnil I a n <a (Wa /ia ivi rtn n?'a aw < I f
*??va w n9 ?uv vuuipaiij a l'A? *
checker. t
? ?.. ?? I
Man* a property owner is poor io purse 1
but rich in deed.
XL e-civil engineer would like to be non- <
dfrtpteTbll ho surveys. I
JTh
#y AAA VttJlSBUB AUKESSi |
Coi4jmh\a, August 10th. 1880.
T> W. lloUowry, E*q , l*resuh:nt I'inc
' Grove Greenback (Jiuh, Conulcn, >V- C'.:
My Dkah Slit?I am iii receipt of yours
>f 1 Gill inst., in which, on bchall of your
lub, you inquire toy views :
First, ^3oii tho fence question, nnd sccndly.
%Wther I believe in workingmcn
ontrolling tho government as well as suplorling
it.
With regard to whether the crops or the
ive stock of the country shall bo fenced, it
s a qucstiou purely of cost and convenience
o those interested, aud to be answered by
ach locality for itself according to the cirumstances
that surround it. <Jcrtain cuuuics
in the State nnd certain townships in
tber counties have adapted the plan of
enciug tho stock, and would uot willingly
equr to the old system. Other countries
tafcr. >*? fauctui; eLerop?-wrt*ic most concnieut
and least ouidensouie plan to them,
'his is done under the State law, giviug
he respective counties and townships opion
in the matter.
It appears to me that this optional fcaurc
of the law is eminently wise and should
ot be changed. It is a matter for the decors
in each locality to decide for themelves,
aud the wishes of the majority must
ovcrn in this as in other matters under
istitutions such as ours.
If it is tho purpose of your qucstiou to
lquirc my views upon the application of
liis law to j*our township or county, I have
i say that having neither property or resicticc
there it is not my busiuess, auu 1
avc no opinion on the subject.
To your second question I reply that
owherc in the laws and Constitution of
lis State are the people classed as working
ICIl or idli? tm?n rir?l? n???r? r,i- ?
uelligeut men or ignorant men, or in any
iher mauuer than as electors and non elcc)rs.
The qualifications of electors arc
efincd irrespective of class, and the qualications
to hold ?ffice is the same ag to vote,
do not believe in class legislation or class
ovcrnuient, but in the government of the
cople by tho people and for the people.
1 have thus respectfully aud fully anivcrcd
the questions you have addressed
ic; but with your permission 1 will venire
t j say a word more to the geutleincu
f your club, which I trust will be received
) the spirit iu which it is lutended. The
tie, "Grecuback Club" implies views upon
ic currency. I pou this subject different
pinions prevail iu the Democratic party
self. Those differences the National party
avc subordinated to the vital issues at
lake in this campaign, and it behooves us
f Eolith Carolina still more to close our
inks. The Republican party will unoqkttdly
make auotlw.^riuqfo lUii yaai.
ria Tts sucrCSs means witn us this very class
gislation aud government. It means, as
ar experience has taught us, the predominice
of vice and ignorance iu the State
jvcrnment, aud the suppression of all that
akes South Carolina fit for freemen to live
i. The struggle for the life of that State
il! be a hard one. Lot mo >uip!urc you
i postpone until the victory is won all of
lose minor questions upm which good citens
may well differ.
It will be a sad day for you and me wlicu
can be said that through our differences
id bickerings wc have remanded ourselves
id perhaps our children's childrcu to the
th of Radical rule.
Very truly your obedient servant,
Johnson IIauood.
Another Home Enterprise.?Eight
lars ago Thomas C. Gower, Otis P. Mills,
irain L.McBrayer aud George ileldumii
isociated themselves together under the
rm name of Gower, Mills & Co., aud
lunded the. West End Shoe Factory. They
id not. find tho busiuuss a profitable one,
id iu 1S78, the firm dissolved, and after
>mc litigation, the establishment was sold,
id Messrs. Mills <fc McBrayer. two of the
iginnl owners, became tho purchasers,
atives of North Carolina, and noRsoswod
a largo degree of the energy and thrift
hich characterises the sous of the Old
orth Stato, they at once commenced to
[organize the factory, and place it on a
lying basis. They employed skilled worken,
obtained new aud improved machinery,
id the business of the last year has becu
ratifying and profitable. The work they
nnufocture is considered of superior qualyf
aud although their qiauufacturc does
A embrace the finer quality of sowed work
it they make eleven different styles and
ualities of shoes for men's women's aud
lildrcn'sivcar. Their goods are eagerly
>ught after, and they supply as far as they
an the growing demand in all the upper
ortion of this State and in Western North
aroliua. Every shoe made last year was
>ld, and the demand was greater than the
ictory could supply. Like all other well
onductcd Greenville enterprises they have
i increase and will enlarge their facilities
i as to keep pace with the increasing trade.
Vith improved machinery for pegging, and
'ax thread machines, for sewing and bindig
uppers, and auxiliary instruments of all
inds they turn out good, honest work,
rhich is rapidly superseding the "shoddy"
nd paper soled work of Northern factories,
.'he factory is in charge of W. C. Smith,
s foretnno, and every pair of shoes pass
indcr his inspection before they are placed
ipou tho market. Ten workmen are cm*
.1,I .k?. ~.U? r.._4
IIVJCU) UUU HIU unilj piUUUl'V VI VIIU lUUiUTJ j
n about sixty pairs of shoes of different
;inds. The yearly sales amount to over ten
housand dollars, and with increasing denan
d will ptobably this year considerably
>verlcaptfcat amount. Tho leather used is
aimed in Greenville County, and the facoryih
padded much to Mie prosperity of
ho Wost Knd.? OreeriviUe News.
A?woman isn't fit to havo a baby who
loosn't know how to hold it: and this is as
:ruo of a tongue as of a baby.
THE MAINTENANCE OF HONOUBKing
Lear, battling with the storm without,
can thiuk of nothing but tin: greater
storm within, And so he tears off his clothes.
We admire the conception ; there is sublimity
in it. All for honour, like all for
love, makes a good heading for a play, liut
just below there is a single step, and if you
take it the sublime will pass into the ridiculous.
The following is an example :
In the records of Chivalry there is a curious
narrative of a company of knights and
ladies "who bound themselves for love of
???i. ^?i,? f n -
WI..V. w iuiiuw a particular code of
usages, of which a part consisted of wearing
thick clothes in summer, and thin in winter,
to show that the p wcr of their love
rendered them insensible to the difference
of seasons, a vow which was maintained
with such perseverance that the greater
part of the devoted company actually died
pof cow -- rrs . ?
To ridicule Tlouour is bo part of reason.
I am fur euough from ridiculing it when I
bring forward such a piece of extravagant
folly as that of the knights and ladies who
dressed by a code. It is in advocacy aud
admiration of honour that this little chapter
and some others yet to' follow will be written.
The '-Code of honour" itself coutains
some things to be admired. Only, in view
of some modern eases of men rendered insensible
to moral differences, as the knights
above mentioned were to the difference of
seasous, it appears to be worth while to
inquire. What is Honour? And I shall
try to answer the question from uiy favorite
position?that of an independent moralist.
There is "honour nuioug thieves." So
we arc assured by that form of common
sense, shaken down and settled, which men
call the proverb. Speaking then, uot from
personal knowledge, in this case it would
be hazardous, but speaking in the wisdom
of mankind, let it bo repented, for it is
proverbially truo ; "There is houour among
thieves." Is that "Honour Bright?" Manifestly
not, aud yet it is houour. How cau
that be ?
Dickens lets ns into ?r?mr> ?f rVi?
? V wvmuw V? VUU IIWI CIO
of thieves in Loudon; and his readers will
reinembcr that one of the greatest crimes
in their estimation was "to blab," whi.-h
means to betray ouc anotlnr to the police
or public. Faithfulness to one nuothcr,
thou, must be one form by which honour
among thieves expresses itself. But this is
Fidelity, aud is closely related toTruth and
Honour. Then, besides, there is a slang
word iu our language?we kuow uot whether
it comes from the thieves in Loudon or not,
but it probably docs?and that word is "to
crib." The "cribbing" of something is
understood to mean the dishonest concealing
ot it. Now, strange it is, but true, that
.grunt nrimn aiiinnn ll.in. ni in it..
concealing of ill gotten gains from one
another. The commonwealth is the only
wealth of their community ; plunder kept
back from the general hoard is robbery. If
a thief should steal from a thief in the same
gang, he sins agiinst honour. If lie should
steal only fiom an outsider, he is a man of
honour; that is, as honour goes among
thieves. . Once more, insubordination is a
gre'?t crime among such people, because
they make laws aud respect laws, even while
they break laws. This curious fact was
remarked upon years ago by one of the
wisest men thac ever lived. lie says : "It
is a pleasant thing to consider that thorc
arc certain people in the world who, having
renounced all laws of God and Nature, have
yet made some for themselves, which they
strictly obey, as for example, robbers, &c."
i lie couo which thieves make for themselves
is of the nature of a compact. To
disoley, for instance, the orders of the principal,
or to act contrary to one of their own
regulations, is to violate the compact; and
it is a compact of much greater realistic
value than that other of tho old fashioned
Socialists. To violate this compact is disgraceful.
criminal, fatal; to observe it faithfully,
is honourable conduct among thieves.
And all this is Honour. Its presence
and influence, such as it is, cannot bo denied.
Where, then, lies the difficulty ? I answer:
Everything depends upon who are the
judges of Honour. Such honour as thieves
make for thcmsqjpcs and such standards of
right and wrong ns they raise and follow
will not do for honest people. Honour is
not always "Houour Bright."
It may exist; it may be even a prominent
feature iu the const it utiou of u society ;
but if that society be uot true to human
society at largo, if it be uot (rue to human
nature, to morality in its entire round of duties
and virtues, thou neither will its hou
our be true ; it will bo imperfect, defaced,
smirched, it will not be "Honour Bright."
I would say then, that the only honour
worthy of the name is to be looked for among
honest people. And why not? Any schoolboy
will tell us that honour nnd honesty
couie from the same root in the Latin ( Onus,
honor, honos, honestas )
Some reader perchance, will think this is
departing altogether from tho subject, and
may even be tempted to put dowu this
paper with a shrug, or an ahem! of compassion,
as much as to say, honesty, ns we understand
it now, is quite another thing; a
thing of a certain socially distinct kind and
description. Let honesty be looked for
among good, average, honest people. We
aYiiill nltvtuu IaaL Ua?a??i *
iwn U'l (IWIIU U1 UUIWII^ {^CUil ;
men.
Ah my friend, not so fr.st. You and I
ought not to differ or diverge bore, for dc
wo not both wish to bo nnd to continue
honest nnd'gjntlemen ? I shifll hnvc some
thing to say in another paper about the gen
tleuicu. Hut, for the present, you will d<
well to hoar a few words from one of nr
oldest authorities in morals, Cicero. !I<
says : "'The hon^sttim (literally the hones
thing itself) is the tesult of, and inheren
to, all tho virtues." "Whatever is good i
commendable. Now, everything that ii
commendable is honest, therefore whatevoi
is good is honest." Good becomes com
Iioii.-st, because it is denirablc, agreeable,
estimable, (or, as wo moderns say, honourable
) 'Whatever is honest is cither virtue
uself, or tnc effect of virtue ; and when
human life conforms itself in all those respects,
und preserves a harmony with the
virtues, then we are to look upon it as being
upright, honest, faithful aud agreeable
to Nature."
1'lainly, the Latin identifies the honest
with the houourablc. and the Kuglish of a
few centuries back almost did the same. Tt
would bo vain to force the identity now
upon modern usage, fur no doubt, it has its
owe reason for being as it is. But, ut least,
the close relationship between the two words
should he remembered and maintained.
The conclusion reached thus fur would
appear to be, that honour may exist, and
even be fostered, within tho lines of a close
corporation, without ever realizing its proper
-ideal. It docs pftea exist with the basest
(tWmt.v^iroo. To f>u'flllH*
our has bccu many a time dishonestly dealt
with by its reputed friends. It could be
said of Honour, as it has been said of Liberty:
Alas ! how many crimes have bccu committed
in thy name !
If then upon looking around over all classes
of society we should find men of hones
ty, fidelity and integrity, let these be our
true mcu of liouour. But if we see others
having a reputation for honour among the
men of their own circle, but rated as having
little reputation beyond that circlc-^knowu
to bo breakers of their bonds and
words, reck'essly incurring large debts to
mniutain a sty lc of living beyond their
means, lying to trades people and merchants,
betraying sacred trusts and sacred tics of
the home aud the family?their honour beiug
only of the class kind, should be esteemed
no better than that among thieves. It will
not prove equal to that of tho old Stoics ;
it will Dot be "Honour Bright," or iu any
sense worthy of the name.
Iu fine, the definition required by my owu
terms is, that the Maintenance of Honour
moans the maintaining of such a standard
of moral priuciple in respect of law, order,
justice, manhood, womanhood, truth, courage.
purity, fair-dealing and decorum, as will
alouo make the individual worthy to he esteemed
by himself, aud to be held iu good
reputatioD by society at large.
CllAMPION.
USES FOR STALE BREAD.
1 . Make dressing for meat : crumb it
fiue, turn hot broth over it, season, ndd butter
nnd a well-beaten egg, or uiorc, accordiug
to quantity.
2. Make bread puddiug : soak I wo hours
in sweet milk, thcu beat eggs, sugar aud
spices and bake. I sometimes add vuit.
. 3 ..Miiha liiMaiUtwslrWBf MffftviAsofir ?
milk, mash fiuc wiih the hand, mix in your
biscuit for breakfast, adding salt, lard and
soda. They arc better than without the stale
bread.
4.. Make pan cakes or gcuis : soak over
night in sour milk, add well beaten eggs,
corn meal or graham flour to niakea batter,
and soda and salt, aud bake on a griddle or
in gems pans.
5. Cruuib fine and put then in the next
omelet you make.
6. Toast your bread : set a pan of milk
on the stove, but do not remove the cream
from it, add butter and salt, dip the bread
in this and scud to the table for supper or
breakfast.
7. Cruuib fine and ptlt in your tomatoes
when you are stewing thcui.
8. Pound fine, season, and roll oysters
or fresh fish in them, and fry in nice lard.
Mortgage.?lu the whole range of
sacred aud profane literature, perhaps there
is nothing recorded whicb has such staying
properties as a good mortgage. A mortgage
can be depended upou to stick closer
thun a brother. It has a mission to perform
which never lets up. Day after day
it is right there, uor docs the slightest tendency
to slumber impair its vigor in the
night. Night aud day, on the Sabbath,
and at holiday times, without one moment's
time for rest or recreation, the biting offspring
of its existence?interest?goes on.
The seasons may change, days run into
weeks, weeks into mouths, to be swallowed
up in tlic gray man of advancing years, but
the mortgage stands up in sleepless vigilance,
with the interest a perennial stream,
ceaselessly running on. Like a huge nightmare
eating out the sleep of aouic restless
sluuibcrcr, the unpaid mortgage rears np
its gaunt form ir. perpetual torment to the
I miserable wight who is held within its pitii
less clutch. It holds the poor victim in
the relentless grasp of a giant; not one
hour of recreation ; not a moment's evasion
of its hidcou9 presence. A general savage
of mollifying aspect while tho interest is
paid; the very devil of hopelessdestjyoetion
when the payments fail.
Florida is Democratic?Florida is not
now Republican, and never was, when tho
voice of its people could be heard. Under
the armod heel of reconstruction the State
of Tennessee was in ilcpublicnu hands, although
it has a clear Democratic majority
k.o aon c!? .11 ?l. a?v
.> uivi Wu,uvu. t>u mm ii11 iiic ciuaini'rn
States, mid Florida was uud.r the domiuation
of the carpet-baggers, supported by the
' bayonets of the army, who grounded arms.in
the vory halls of the State Capitol. It will
be admitted that the claim of Florida being * ''
> Republican in 1870 most rest upou the su1
perior numbers of the black population.
Ijook nt inc census ot IH7U and balance it
- by this supposition, and it will be seen that
> in 1870 there were 96,057 white inhabitants
J to 91,089 black, showing n majority of over
- 4,000 ot the white population, and uccea9*t
rily a majority of white voters.
? Tt has boon proved |Mi kindling his
? firo n miccr stuck a cork inJJfettozKld of the
r bellows to save the little wind that was left
- in it. f