The weekly Union times. [volume] (Union C.H., South Carolina) 1871-1894, January 23, 1880, Image 1
> ^ Sqiiolqtt to ^gqiqnllurc, gorliqiiUurq, Domcsliq (!':c o nomij
From the Newt and Courier.
THE OHABLXSTOH WHALE.
i A SCIENTIFIC DESCRIPTION BY PROF. F. 8.
HOLMES.
The aniuial lately capturod in this harbor
is a small whalo about half grown and
known among the fishermen of Nantucket
ns a "Stauut;" that is, ucithcr a baby-whalo
or cilf, a mammy nor a bull. It is a young
male of the Greenland species, the Ritfht
Whale, the whalebone bearing whalo, and
ij about half grown. It was named by the
great naturalist, Linuseus, "Bulcena niysticctus,"
becauso iustead of teeth it has a
series of laminated horny plates or baleen
in each upper jaw placed transversely, and
which hang pendant therefrom; there are
neither teeth nor baleen in the lower jaw.
Whales have no scales like fish, but are
covered with a smooth skin. Frequently
you hear the remark from visitors, what o
shark, and its 500 teeth, which were found
iu the marl beds of Carolina and
were exhibited at the lata Industrial Exhibibition,
said to ae that ho had greatly admired
it, but after seeing this whale ho
could not bclievo it possible for tho shark
to have been tho largest of the tioo Jish.?
My reply was, that the whale was not a fish.
Although tho whale is entirely an inhabitant
of the sea, it is by no means strictly
scientific to call it a fish. Tho shark is a
true fish, and tho fossil species being one
hundred and fifty feet long, with a capacious
mouth, throat and stomach, could easily
have swallowed two such pigmies as this
"hobbledehoy" whale, which is only forty
feet and four inches in length.
Now, a word or two about tho characteristics
of whales and fish. Whales belong
to tho Lineman class of mammalia. They
produco their young alivo, and nurso them
with milk as a cow does its calf. The femalo
whale, like all other mammalia, watdh
over and nrntert thnir ummn
r
caro. The mother whale is often seen followed
by twin baby-whales, whioh the sailors
call cubs, and these cubs generally swim
ono on each side of tho mother.
It is not so with fish, which, on tho other
hand, are covered with scales. Their young
aro hatched from eggs, (spawn) and the
young fish takes caro of itself, as it derives
no nourishment from tho mother.
Another marked difference is seen in tho
organs of respiration?the breathing apparatus.
Fish arc provided with gilis for
breathing the air in water, but whales have
lungs liko all mammalia, and breatbo atmospheric
air; they nro compelled, therelore,
to come to the surface of the water to
obtain it; hence their nostrils?or, as the
sailors call it How-holes?aro found on the
top of their heads. And just here again
*? - it is well to remark that, when a whale is
Recn to spout the water high into tho air,
the water is not, as many persons suppose,
thro vn <rom itS lungs, but is forced upwards
by the air that has been breathed, that is, expired
from tho lungs of the whale, which
at tbo very momcut that we see the spout
inay be twenty or thirty feet below the surface
of tho sea. Such is the immense powof
the whale's lungs that this jet of water
is thrown forty and sometimes fifty feet
above the surface. The sound thus occasioned
is the whale's substitute for a voice,
and, in the case of a violent respiration, it
resembles tho discharge of a cannon.
There are two different kiuds of whales
most sought after by fishermen. Tho
Greenland or right-whale, and the Caohclot
or sperm-whale. Tho former is the common
or whale-bone bearer ; and is moro easily
captured than tho sperm-whalo, which
has numerous formidable teeth of ivory in
the lower jaw, but is without whale bone or
baleen iu cither. Three other marked
characteristics distinguish these monsters of
the deep. Tho right-whale has no fin on
its back, but the sperm-whale has one. Oil
is obtained from tho blubber in the skiu of
the rijjht-whalc. but onlv from the head of
the sperm. They 6pout the water differently,
ono throws up two jets and the other
only obo. The nostrils in the one aro divided
liko those in man, whereas, in the
other it is a single blow-hole; thus the fishermen
know as soon as he sees tho jet if it
be a sperui, or a right-whale.
In the heud of tho sporui-whale is found
that valuable substance known as spermaceti,
of which our fino candles aro made;
and strange to say it is from the discnsed
stomach or entrails of this species of whale
ambergris is obtained) which is used in the
fiuc chemical perfumes, and is cxccodingly
raluablo.
A full-grown "Right Whalo" attains the
^ length of from sixty-five to eighty feet, the
* baleen or whaleboue of the largest individuals
being sometimes ten or twelve feet
long, nearly one foot wide and about a halfinch
thick. ,
Old whalemen say the number of plutes
of baleen in the mouth of tho Right whale
numbers exactly three hundrod and sixtyfive,
ono for every day in the year ; but this
is a fabulous story?a myth. The Charleston
specimon has three hundred and soventy-two
plates of baleen or whalebone in its
uiouth, as well as I could count them, perhaps
there are a few more. Another story
it that tho vertobral column or backbono
numbers exactly fifty-two pieces,corresponding
to tho number of woeks in the year,
hat of this I know nothing positivolv.
The infant whalo is oalled a calf, but
when tho longest pluto of baleen attains the
length of three feet, the young whale is
called a "Stannt." The full-grown female
is a mammy and the nialo a bull; the,
Charleston specimen is, therefore, a "Stnuut,'
a male with baleen three feet long. The
ontire length of this young whale is forty
feet aod four inches. From its snout to
the base of the fins is ten feet two inches.
Under the abdomen, betwoon tho fins, is six
foct five inebes, the length of each fin is
six feet seven inches, and the girth of the
body in front of the fins is twenty-two feet
four inches.
As tho body of this young whale, captured
in Charleston harbor only a few days
ago and hauled upon an inclined way in tho
yard of a ship-carpenter, lay almost upon
its back, it gave visitors an erroneous im(jrcssiou
of its form, its mouth nod its baecu.
Tho top of tho head lay upon tho
floor, and tho upper jaws thcrcforo under
tho lower jaws ; tho right fin stood erect
and looked as though tho animal had a dorsal
or back fin, which is not so, this species
liavibg no back fin, although tho spermwhalo
has a small back or dorsal fin.
Enjoying means of progression so extensive,
living in a medium but littlo affected
by variations of climate, theso animals are
not generally bounded by strict geographical
limits which confino tho terrestrial
mamu.nlia. Whales, it is said, do not attain
their full growth under twenty-five
years.
Wthave been froaucutlv askod why this
oTcs rs tJalfed the lli^ht whalof and I will
now reply : On board the vessel engaged
in the whale fishery a man is sent aloft to
watch for whales, and one is kept there all
the day. As soon as he sees a spout ho
calls to the officer on deck uud sings out
"Right" or "Sperm," as it may be, aud this
he knows from the single or doublo jet,
which he sees; the call is then made for
the boats, and if it bo the whale that the
Bailors most desire the word will bo "Right!
Right!" but should it be a sperm whale the
word "Sperm!" will pass through the ship.
Tbere is not so much risk in capturing the
right whale, but the sperm whale having a
formidable set of teeth, will sometimes turn
upon its pursuers and crush ^the boat, and
often many of the sailors are killed.
AN OLD WlIALEll'tJ ACCOUNT.
To the Editor of the Neiot and Courier:
Thero are several kinds of whales. The
sperm whalo has ouc blow-holo on the top
of its head ; teoth on the lowor jaw with
sockets in upper jaw for teeth on lower jaw
to fit in. From ten to twenty barrels of
almost pure oil caa bo taken from tho head
alone. The fiu back whale has a large fin
on its back, and is one of the most dangerous
kind to attack. The humpback whale
has a large hump like a camel on the upper
part of its back. Tho right whalo has two
L- I L ? - * -
uiuw-noiea on its head, its eyes arc just
forward of its fin ; it has do teeth; its mouth
and upper jaw are lined with layer after
layer of bone with hair ou the edges. It
eats its food by suction. Its food is a kind
of weed that nature has prepared for it.?
It docs not eat fish, shrimps and things of
this kind, as I heard some people say. Its
lips ore thrown down, and it passes through
tho water with its mouth open while feeding
and scoops this weed in and rejects that
part of it which it docs not want. The age
of this whale cannot be told. They arc Mlcen
feet long when born. This is a male, and I
should say botween two and four years old.
The fouiale has two nipples on its stomach.
It nurses its young as a marc would. I
have seen a whale nursing its young at 6ca.
The old whale lies on its side and the young
whale takes tho nipple in the coruer of its
mouth. It is wcauod when it is three weeks
old. While it is young it is carried on the
fiu ot the old whale. Very often the young
whale has to be killed before you can capture
its mother. I havo seen thrco boats
stove bv nn old whale while defending its
* - - O
young. The ship Easex, that sailed from
New Bedford, Mass., in 1857, was sunk by
a whalo that had been harpooned. This
same whalo has sinco been captured and a
copper bolt taken from its head.
HOW TO KILL A WI1ALC.
First, you must have a boat sharp at each
end, with five good men, four to row, one to
steer. The one at th j forward oar, just beforo
you get to the whale, must stand up
aud throw the harpoon. The harpoon is
part iron and part wood, with a long
line attached to it. As soon as the harpoon
is thrown tho whalo starts like the wind,
and at sea it always goes to tho windward,
that is, in the wind's eye, as a sailor would
say ; you let your lire run out until it begins
to slacken, and then you pull up until
you get close enough to him to lanco him
and kill him. Tho lance is something like
? O
tho harpoon, only n "little different at the
point. About two feet behind tho Bo on
tho side is the place to throw tho lance to
kill. As soon as you have paf tho lance
homo you must "stern," (that is what it is
called,) row backwards and keep away from
its tail, that in, a right whale ; the sperm
you must look out for, the mouth and tail
both.
HOW TO OUT UP A WHALE.
Run a tackle from one mast to its fluke
(tail) and at the head you fusteu a strong
piece of wood and run a tackle from tho
other mast. You cut off the blubber in
strips as you would take the bark from a
piece of stick by turning it over and over;
the blubber is cut into pieces of about six
inches square and tried out with large brass
kettles. This whalo (our whale) ought to
make about seventy barrels of oil and eight
hundred pounds of bone.
Three Years a Whaler.
Careless Handling oe a Pistol.?
Mr. Jauies A. Gray, of Laurens county,
nod well known in this city, having been
for quite a long timo a clerk in the ctoro of
James H. Morgan & Bro., accidentally shot
himself with a pistol at the residence of
Dr. Drummond, in Spartanburg county, on
the evening of the 10th instant, lie called
on a young lady who was visiting at Dr.
Drummond's on the evening above mentinned,
and reached the hnn?n in n drench.
ing rain, and was wet through, lie sat by
a fire to dry himself, aod taking his pistol
froai his pocket, by some careless handling
1 it wo8 discharged, the ball taking effect in
his breast, in the region ot the heart, inflicting
a dangerous wound. He is now at Dr.
1 Drummond's, and in a critical condition.?
Greenville. Meict, 15/A.
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THE HEW DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. ]
An Important Law of Great Interest to ,
Farmers, Dealers in Phosphates and
fertilizers, Immigrants and Others. j
An Act to create a Department of Agri- J
culture and defining its purposes and ,
duties, and charging it with inspection ,
of Phosphates and regulation of salo of ,
Commercial Fertilizers. ,
Be it enacted by the Senate and House (
of Ucptesentatives-of the State of South
Carolina, now met and sitting iu General (
Assembly, and by the authority of the
same:
Section 1. That a Department of Agri- ,
culture is hereby created and established, f
which shall bo uuder the control and super- ,
vision of a board, which shall be constituted
as follows, to wit: The Governor, who (
shall bo exjfficxo chairman, the Master of (
the State Grange of .Patrons of
the president of the State AgricaltaraTloa -(
Mechanical Society for the time being, and
two other persons to be elected by the General
Assombly, who shall hold their office
for two years, and until their successors arc
elected and qualified.
Sec. 2. The Board shall meet for the
transaction of business in the city of Columbia
as often as they may decui expedient,
but at least twice in each year; they shall
receiro no compensation, but shall be allowed,
except the Governor, the sum of
three dollars per diem and five cents per
mile actuallyatravelled, while engaged in the
duties of the Board, not exceeding fifteen
dnys in any one year.
Sec. 3 There shall be a commissioner of
Agriculture, who shall bo on agriculturist.
He shall bo elected by the General Assembly
and shall hold his office for a term of
two years, and until his successor shall be
elected nnd qualify; bo shall bo paid a
salary of tweuty-one hundred dt 1 ars per
annum, payablo monthly, and shall givo
bond with sureties conditioned for the faithful
discharge of the duties of his office, in
the sum of 85,000, to be approved and filed
in like manner as the bonds of State officers.
IIo shall be empowered to employ an efficient
clerk whose salary shall be 81,200 por
annum, payable monthly.
Sec. 4. The Hoard shall prescribe the
duties of the commissioner, aud said commissioner
shall observe all rules prescribed
and execute nil orders issued by siid Hoard
not inconsistout with law.
Sec. 5. The board ahall bo empowered
to hold in trust and exercise oautrol over
douations or bequests made to them for the
purpose of promoting the intcrc ts nnd purposes
of this act.
Sec. G. The board may prescribe forms
for nnd regulate tho returns of such county
, agricultural societies as may bo chnrtorcd
by this State and furnish such blanks as j
may be necessary to securo uniform and j
reliable statistics of their operations.
Sec. 7. The board shall have power, t
and it shall be their duty to prescribe blanks r
and havo them issued, through the commissioner,
to the auditors of the vnr'u us couu- s
ties, with complete instructions for th) col- (
lection of agricultural statistics and in forma- j
tiou; and it shall be, and is hereby, made the j
duty of the county auditors to fill all such v
blanks in accordance with instructions sent ^
and return the blanks, when filled, promptly j
to the commissioner of agriculture.
Sec. 8. The board shall investigate such (
subjects relutiDg to tho improvement of ng- j
riculturo and for the inducement of iuiuii- y
gration and capital as they may think proper, (
iueluding sheep husbandry, diseases of cat- (
tlo and other domestic auimbls and their
cures, the ravages of insects and remedies J
I nhltn I.Ka a-i inn Cnnnoa i>A<1iiAtiAna aP aao*
?v MVH?V ?(*V MMUIVj IVUVV0J IVUUVtlVUS VI VVSOV
of same, &c.
Sec. 9. The Board shall hauo power in
cases of contagious disease among any kind
of stock or animals to quarantine or havo
the same killed and burned.
Sec. 10. The commissioner of agriculture
shall prepare and keep in the department
books of registry, wherein any person
may havo en'.ered, upon payment of registry
free of one dollar for each tract or lot,
ny real estate for salo, with terms, and file
in the office nny plats, descriptive papers,
&c., desired; also books in which may be
entered the wants of laborers seeking employment
or of employees* seeking labor,
the registry freo of oac dollar to bo paid by
the person making it, and the books open
to the inspection of all persons freo of
charge.
Sec. 11. The commissioner of agriculture
shall comuiuuicate, correspond nod connorntn
afii.lt illft r.nmn.iuumnni. nl'nnrinnlfiirn
of the United Suites, and receive rrotp him
and distribute most advantageous by all seeds,
documents and inforuiation.
Sec. 12. It shall bo the duty of tho com- lf
uiissioncr to collect specimens of wood, suit- |
alio for manufacturing purposes, agricul- (
tural, mineral aud phosphalio 'deposits of (
the State, and deposit tho satno in his room (
at the Capitol, and eauso correct analyses
of such as may be deemed expodient to be ,
made and recorded in a substantial book to j
be kept for the purpose.
Sec. 13. The Board and Commissioner
shall make an annual report of all the proceedings
of the department to the General j
Assembly.
Sec. 14. The Commissioner of Agriculture
shall bo ex-offioio Fish Commissioner
of this State, and bo chargod with all the ,
duties and invested with all the powers of |
Fish Commissioner. He shall appoint two |
or moro fish wardens in every county of the (
Stato, who shall aid in the detection and (
prosecution of all offenders against the fish- ,
ing laws, and they shall receive t>ne half of <
the pooalty recoverod and paid ia for any
offooce against said luwa directedf by |
them.
Seo. 15. Tho Hoard provided for in the
first Section of this Aot shall hnvo saporvision
over the fish interest and Commissioner
of this State, and with the supervision
and enforcement of the laws and rcgu*
l-ue liy ' *. . u0l 1 ? l- ^ "
lations Which are or may be enacted in this
State for the sale of commercial fertilisers
lud seeds.
Sec. 16. That the office of phosphate
inspoctor and that of phosphate ngent be
ind the same are hereby abolished, aud that
the Agricultural Bureau arc charged with
ill the duties devolving upon said offices
accessary for the protection of the rights
ind interest of the State in the phosphate
rock and phosphatic deposits belonging
thereto.
Sec 17. That the board nnd commissioner
of agriculture shall havo power and
luthority to appoint n special assistant to
ittcm! to the phosphate departmeut and
royalty, and said assistant shall receive a
.alary of $1,200 per annum, payable
nonthly.
Sec. 18. That nil persons or companies
mgnged in the manufacture or sale of fertilisers
or commercial manures shall pay to I
jk?fe?mi*ieji?;r agriculture twenty-five
cent**5|(^won for every ton of such fertiliter
or commercial manures sold or offered
o..i- > "
iisi duio iu kina omiu, die saiu amount to
be paid into the State treasury for the exclusive
use and benefit of the Department of
Agriculture. Any person or officer or agent
if any corporation ncglci ting to pay the
>uui provided in this section shall be deemed
guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon convicdon
shall be fined iu tho discretion of the
Oourt, which fine shall be paid iuto the
State treasury for the exclusive use and
acuefit of the Department of Agriculture.
Sec. 19. That every bag, barrel or other
package of such fertilisers or commercial
nanurcs as above designated, offered for sale
)r delivered after sale in this State, shall
iuvc thereon a plainly printed label or
itamp, which shall truly set forth the name,
ocation and trade murk of the manufacturer,
iIso the chemical composition of the consents
of such packnge and the real pcrccnago
of any of tho following ingredients
isserted to be present, to wit: Soluble and
precipitated phosphoric acid, soluble potassa,
immonia or its equivalent in nitrogen, together
with the date of its analysis, uud that
he privilego tax provided for in Section
18 has been paid ; and any 6uch fertilizer
is shall be ascertained by analysis not to
contain tbe ingredients and percentage set
brth as above provided shall be liable to
teizure and condemnation, and when conlemncd
shall be sold by the Hoard of Agriculture
for tho exclusivo use and benefit
>f the Department of Agriculture. Auy
ncrchant, trader, 'manufacturer, agsnt or
>erson who shall sell or offer for salo or
Iciivcr after sale or receive any commercial
crtilizer without having such labels and1
tamps as hereinbefore provided attached
ncrcto, shall be liable to a tino of ten dolars
for cjtch separate bag or barrel or pack -1
qa ilivurml !* ' ulc, iu vjo SUCii bCore
any trial justice, aud to be callccted
>y due process of law. Tho amount so resovered,
after paying costs, shall be equally
hvided between the party or parties suing
ind tho Department.
Sec. 20. The Department of Agriculture
ihall have power and authority, at all times,
.0 have collected samples of any commercial
erlilizcrs offered for sale in this State, and
invc tho same auulyzcd, and such samples
ihall bo taken from at least ten per cent.
>f the lot from which they may be seeded.
Sec. 21. The department shall, as soon
is practicable, prepare a convenient band
look, with the necessary illustiative maps,
vhich shall contain all necessary informa,iou
at to the mines, minerals, forests, soils,
)r their products, climates, water and water
lowers, fisheries^ mountains, swamps, inlustries,
and all such statistics as are best
idaptel to give proper information of the
ittracuons nod advantages which this State
t fiords to immigrants, and shall make illus.rative
exposition thereof, whenever practijablo,
at International or State exhibitions.
Skc. 22. That all moneys arising from
he tax or licenses from fines and forfeitures,
ees for registration of lands for salo or
;mployment wanted, not herein otherwise
>rovided for, shall bo paid into the State
reaeury, and shall be kept on a separate
iccount by tho treasurer as n fund for the
sxclusive use and benefit of Department of
\gricuiture; and until such fuud oan bo
nade available as aforesaid, the sum of five
housand dollars shall bo and is hereby ap)ropriatcd
to the support of this department
>ut of any moneys arising from the phos>hat,
royalty, and to be drawn by warrant
if commissioner, oountersigned by the Gov
srnor, ex-ojjicio chairman of the Bornd of
\gricullure.
Sec. 23. The agricultural commissioner
hall in connection with his duties as enunerated
in this act, ostablish a depart'
ncnt of mechanics, the object of which
ihall bo to prepare such statistics as may
>eof general interest to this class of worknen,
and furnish all necessary information
ending to the development of this indusry.
Sko. 24. That all acts and parts of acts
my wiso in conflict with this shall be, and
:he same are hereby repealed.
Approved December 23, 1879.
So written in tho act?a palpable orror
Tor "employer*."
f.\n evident error for detected.
Quite Competent.?It is related of a
well-known merchant of a neighboring city
that, after making bia will and leaving a
largo property to trustees for lua son, he
called the young man in, and, after reading
the will to him, asked him if there was any
alteration or improvement he could suggest.
"Well, father/', said the young gentleman,
lighting a cigarette, "I think as things go
nowadays it would bo bottor for me if you
loft the property to the othor fellow and
made me the trustee." The old gentleman
made up bis mind then and there that the
young man was quite competent to take
charge of his own inheritance and scratched
the trustc* c'auso out.
One cannot lay out his work to advantage,
without knowing precisely how lie stunds
with regard to his business. Tho beginning
of tho year is time for ascertaining it.
Frequently an account of busiucss is kept
for a mouth or two aud then neglected.?
If it is only to encourage habits of regularity
and perseverance, it will bo time w .11
spent to keep an account, not only of money
affairs, but a record of events for every day.
This tends to beget promptness and system
in every detail of farm work, and in business
affairs that foresight and economy
which are everywhere the prime csscutials
to success.
Keep a record of tho event of each day's
work, and farm life. One of the boys or
girls should do this. A book will be needed,
ruled with plain lines on which to make the
. > -j ?-- ?j?.? - " -
cutiivs, |iut uuwu niu cuiiuiunn ui mo
weather, the work done, and by whom ; purchases
and sales made, indeed, anything
that may be needed for future reference, or
that should be entered iu the account hook,
which will thus become a valuable and interesting
record of the farm.
Put down everything you possess, from
the farm itself to the small tools and utensils,
and value each item fairly. Enter the
money on hand, and also every debt owed
This is the first work in beginning an account.
The property owned and money
on hand, will be on one side of the account
and the debts on the other. The balance
will show how the farmer stands. This account
of stock.
Purchases and sales nrc entered in the
daily record, and from that into a purchase
and sale book ; except the transactions
which go into the cash book.
Every payment and receipt of money for
purchases, sales or for wages should be entered
in the cash book. This should be
done every evening and before it is forgotten
; all these entries arc transferred to a
ledger to tne proper accounts. The work is
very simple and easy, and there are farmers
girls who keep all their fathers' accounts in
the most accurato manner.
A farmer should try to make work for a
hired man, or soveral if possible. If ho
can find profitable work for them he is making
money for himself. A few months
wages spent in procuring or making manure,
or draining, clearing off stone, getting out
stumps, or otherwise making the farm more
productive, will be well invested.
Keep the stables clean; clear out the manure,
and scrape or card off all the filth
from tho animals. The stablo should be
made so warm that the manure will not
freeze at night; a low temperature will
either demand a larger amountof food, or the
animal will fall off iu condition.
If tho 1W*? 1U 3-mch lengths or
even smaller, it will hold moisture, will make
better and finer manure, and will keep the
animals cleaner than long litter. The gain
iu the quantity of manure in one year, the
saving in time in the handling, and increased
effectiveness of it will pay good interest on
/?~o? ?i _ r-j.1? ??
vuu vuji/ vi tt iuuu|iii (iiiu a tuuuur uunur,
to do the cutting. But if the stormy and disagreeable
days are chosen to cut up straw
for this purpose, an abundant supply can
be made. A broad axo can be purchased
for $2.50, and with this and a block, a
sheaf of straw may be cut into 3 inch chaff
in half a minute. Two persons, one to hold
the sheaf on the block or plank, and the
other to use the axe, would soon cut up a
ton of straw. Where hard-wood saw-dust,
dry swamp muck, or pine straw can bo
procured, these mako excellent litter and
manure.
Economy in feeding, is a very important
consideration. In some cases half the feed
used is wasted. Cutting the fodder has
proved a savin" of one-third to one-half.
Where but 10 ncad of stock are fed, if the
feed of oue third or one-half can be saved,
it is simply a large increase of the resources
of the farm, and sufficient to pay the cost
of a good cutter and the time expended in
cutting.
/\TTT>TT >n? nn
0VVAMAAM WUtAAAllUll'
Banana Grovk Plantation,")
New Lockport, La., >
January 5,1880. J
To the Editor of the News and Courier :
Some four months ago I saw an advertisement
in the Home and Earm, calling for
"one hundred industrious men, accustomed
to farm labor, to form a Co-operative Association
for hgricultural pursuits," signed
Th. Hurung, at the above address.
Believing for years that the organisation
of individuals an J the association of their
interests wus the very corner-stone of success
in industrial enterprises, I opened a
correspondence with the above-named gentleman,
and the results was that I left my
home in South Carolina and camo on, and
am a member of the Co-operative Association.
"
It is a remarkable, perhaps fortuitous,
coincidence, that the verv first numr. m
?t / ? * r~i '
communication cf (toy kind, that 1 hare
received since leaving my home should be
The Newt and Courier containing Mnj.
Harry Hammond's address before the
Charleston Industrial Exhibition, in which
the necessity of the organization of capital
and labor is so elaborately set forth.
The only difference is that* what Maj
Hammond hus so thoroughly elaborated
are, so far as his address is conccrocd, spo
cial generalities if not simply ad captandum
in their effects, whereas we are trying tc
put into practical application the very propositions
atd scbeuie of operations which
Ka OA ioi i nnt 1 n affismo *a a r\/*A-%o? *"
V vv uioviuv?i^ HUiiuao ?V l/U n IIGOOOOIiJ VI
this ago of progressive dovelopii:ent8.
D. R. Jamison.
A Nkw Railroad Official.?W. A
Aiken, of Baltimore, hue been appointed
feneral supervisor of tho Charlotte, Colum
ia and Augusta Railroad, to take effect
on the 15th inst.
"I'm engaged for this sot," said tho hen
to the rooster ns she went clucking away.
of Cashier Rbober is the LoaWtttiIjljiib^ * ^'^g|
Bank it nscertnlncd to be $97.0Q0.
iiurs will suffer no loan, and the binlc promWeg 1 *
to make the deficit good. '
Eari.t Corx.--As an evidence of the remark
able mildness of the present winter, a stalk of
green corn, about six inches in height, can be
seen on the side of the pavement in front of the
post office. It looks almost as fresh and vigorotis
as growing corn usualljr does in May.?
Chester Reporter.
A RKVF.MKC11nKS1n.Tnr Moorsiiikrr.?Nashville;
January 16.?Collector Woodcock has received
information that W. A. Fowler, who wan
the guide through Wayne County for Deputy
Collector Davis on bis raid, was ambushed and
killed on Button Creek yesterday, it is supposed
by moonshiners.
Tiir. Babt Plant.?A new species of plant is
called the ?'boby plant." Inside of its calyx is
a tiny figure that looks like a baby, but there is
no further resemblance. It cannot squall, kick
and yell like a baby, neither can it croon and
crow like one of these little pink darlings ; but
wc should rather hare it in ths house, as far as
a good night's sleep is concerned.
? - ?
On Saturday last, seven or eight remarkably
well dressed negroes from South Carolina, on
their way to TopekA, Kansas, passed through
Atlanta. They attracted attention by their good
manners and neat appearance. They paid $33
a piece for their ticket to Topeka, and say that
a number of their frionds from Carolina will
soon join them in Kansas.
Gd08k or Swam.?Mr. J. II. Ilarnes killed,
a few days before Christmas, in Caldwell's mill
pond, a wild goose, some SAy a swan, which
measured seven feet and five inches between tlio
tips of the wings, and five feet and two inches
from the point of tho back to the end of tail.?
This is tho biggest game yet brought down by
any of the hunters in these parts.? Chntter Reporter.
School Claims.?An act passed by the Legislature
at its last session provides that any school
funds now or hereafter remaining in the hands
of any Comity Treasurer for any school district
in this county; niter the payment of nil claims
for school purposes for the fiscal year for which
such funds respectively were collected for such
school district, may be applied to the payment
of any claims for school purposes in and for such
school district.?Rrgittcr,
Tue Neobo Exonvs.?Petersburg, Vn., January,
15.?A hundred colored emigrants arrived
here this morning from Goldsboro, N. C., en
route to Indiana. The parly consisted of men,
women and children of all ages and conditions.
Several hundred more are shortly to follow.
Mobile, January 15.?It is learned from reliable
sources that the exodus of negroes to the
North from eastern Mississippi has been over
one thousand during the past threo weeks.
m?
Coltom to he SmrPEi) dy Weioiit.?In the
matter of the petition of Railroad Commissioner
Donhntn vs. the Charlotte, Columbia and Augusta
KailroaJ. involving the Question of the right
-r vAinrge ireigiu Tor eotton by measurement
or weight, Judge Mackey filed his
-, ? ?- ?..v. ..w.. vuiiimum.g <iic rmc Hereto
fore granted, and the road will hereafter have
to earry cotton by weight. An appeal has been
taken.
Rkwardina Fidelity.?Mrs. Sarah Tnrncr,
who died in Chernw on the 19th ult., bequeathed
some real estate and personal property to an old
colored woman who formerly ^longed to her
and remained with her ever since emancipation.
This same old colored woman was hung up by
some of Sherman's men when Choraw was invaded
by his army, and was requested to divulge
where the jewelry, &e.f of the family was buried.
She persistently rcfusec to do so, although
knowing where it was. She has ihns been rewarded
for her fidelity,?Marlboro Planter
A Youthful Planter Killed.?Franklin, La.
January 14.?To-dny Sidney Cole, aged about
19, owner of three-fourths of Chatsworth Plantation,
rode up to the gate of J. B. Wofford, the
manager of the plantation, and informed Wofford
thnt he bad come to kill him. Wofford expostulated
in vain. Cole dismounted and advanced,
pistol in hand, towards the house. Mrs.
Wofford, realising the danger of her husband,
called out to h(??to arm himself, which he did by
seising a shot-gun. Stepping out, he confronted
Cole, who continued to advance, saying : "I
have come to kill you, d?n you ; I mean business."
Whereupon Wofford remarked to him ;
"If you mean business, here it is," at the snroo
moment discharging his weapon, the load taking
effect in the breast of Cole and killing him dead.
Wofford immediately came to towm and surrendered
to the sheriff, bnt was afterwards discharged
from custody, the coroner's jury having
rendered a verdict'of excusable homicide.
1 %
Great Cottos Fire in Auousta.?At ten
o ciuck on m? nigui 01 tno 13th liig istevo
ounded the alarm of the ninth district, and a
bright light in the neighborhood of the Augusta
Factory hurried the fire department and a throng
of people toward the illuminated section, li
was soon found that the cotton warehouse of the
Augusta Factory was ablaxe, the fire in some
mysterious way breaking out in the centre of
the long building and rapidly extended through
its entire length and breadth, enveloping the
contents in a roaring mass of flame. There was
in tho warehouse a large supply of cotton?between
fifteen and sixteen hundred hales being
in store?and how the fire could have made its
appearance in the mass will perhaps never b?
known. The total loss sustained by the Augusta
Factory will probably not be very heavy?
just how much cannot now be estimated. The
warehouse was built soou after the war, with
brick walls, slate roof and iron doorways, anil
was regarded as fireproof and secure. It was
, about 150 feet long and fifty wide.
The cotton was valued at about $80,000, upon
. which there was about $60,000 insurance.
.?.
' In n poem road by Robert Grant at tlie
' recent reunion of the Alumni of tho Boston
1 Latin School was the following:
! Our great public schools?may their influence
spread
Until statesmen use grammar and dunces
arc dead,
1 Until no oue dare say, in this land of the
free,
1 "Ho done" for "ho did," or "It's bcr" for
* "it's she."
1 "What is hell ?" asked a Lutheran Sunday
school teacher of a boy, in class, laft
Subbath. "A shirt with a button off,
ma'am," replied the boy. "Explain yourself;
what do you mean, sir?" demanded
[ the uicek-spiritcd but surprised teacher.?
"Well, I heard my pa say to my ma tie
t other moruing when ho put on a shirt with
tho neck-button off, 'Well, this is hell.'?
That's all 1 know about it."
t
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