Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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Steffilo ^fli;iqtil(ur^ Ji?oi^uUm-c, '^1 omeiitiq Qrqoiioini}, |)olitc Siti;ratui;?, ^olificB,"aiut <T[urrcnt of' the Slay. VOL. X.?New Series. UNION C. H., SOUTH CAROLINA, AUGUST 29, IS79. NUMBER 35. ' ' ...... 1 ' ^ 1 . - ? [from thn ColumLla Ui<elst?r.1 I ? " - " " BUMMER MEETING OK ST ATE GRANGE AND STATE AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL SOCIETY. Chester, S. C., August 13, 1871). The {State Grange and Agricultural Society resumed as meeting at 10.30 A. M. to-day, "?d .ras called to order by IIou. 11. K. Cray ton. The uiiuutoa of yesterday's meeting having bom read, Ucu. llagood iatroduccd '.He to 'owing resolution : Tit at the trans-;-linos of tliis society since the war and up to toe dato bo collected nnd published in proped form, and that the Pre*meat jtc reqo"3tod to *^>oint two a* MdHtberA ns^isf "3eCrct:iiV lB"*preparling theiw f >r publication, and I hat the expenses t? detraved -?ttt of the legislative spiprop. mtion iu *td of tnc society. VitT s?nj? discusvioi, participated in by ?e?. iVisreefl, 0-. Wm, Wnllaco and Mr. M. >k Crawford inquired if a ?qno:nm *c;e present. Upon which, Gen ?r i i'u^oou amoved ihm the further consid?ev;.?k.< hi i,:i? rcAuirwoB be postponed until Sifter <Ate iv'-v > '^-eediinpt of the day fliad bee* p n^W with. This was a?j!?re?i. t?. Th" Oh/v iV-n kit induced Hon. ?T. N. fiipscoioh, rfh ? de'mi ud<ircss on the intus and ' * 'he Grange, which was listniicA tf? .j-V ? *rfc? <| attention, and was repeated I intc. with applause aud flautr'-1^ t ihi; o "ppy K*it.-s of (ho elo(|uent stv.'f'k >-, TVe fo^wiii' is a synopsis of COT,. "LJVIC '^'s AtiDHESa. T has ^ i c ..^cl ugniaet this order t.h i k is a nn<5 exclusive 0110, admit *i ; bul-la. .iocs. I contend that it is .10 of tuc liberal that 1 have ever Jkuutin or read Vou cuuuot go into a 1 r.'c . r J. hjsincss meeting unless jell mc a ? ,Ai. dwor, nor ciu you take g ". in a dcutu] association wilhout being nvhxl is, by fci.uie, coiled a leothoarpeuter, sieitkw t. . von ,, vo the couitiiuuiou table of the ]Ja&. ?,ts unless you have been iuiAiiorsod. ViMuit fi; 1. do? It'a man lias amy Iwtirc^. at all i;i connection with agriculture, no to art or what his otlicr vocations on ay be, uuless ho i ,<a cneuiy of the order uud deaii -tu get uto it to tight ui, wo o^'ok vs.- doors wul Lt hioi iu. Wo have on our .oils men .vho arc Doctor Farmer, J'r-.iehcr Fertu^r, Lawyer Farmer and Tct-L v Faroict. au-1 I* have found that 'tt.CSC ;.iv . T .tefi uvuvalium ilu tlic uiunl work .1 th : (I range and do it most efficientOy. The uie haut, doctor, or lawyer, who ne itko r. aueuihcr of the (jrangi, usually makes t'ke foeet Ci ranger he-i iusj he has learned iu the other nssociatin lis to which lie has heluiigefi the importance of the rules .....1 ....... ...1.;?1? ?... 1.. I U llltll O VJ ?i 1II? IU "| i"j* 'The (?' range has fur its ohjott tho promo *tion of *ihb MTtepeel-s -of ever)- man, wotiiau mid child iu South Carolina who lives out siJe tke city ed" Charleston, that being the xiuly .eity iu the State which has risen to a magnitude t'h:rt way bring iu. interests into .antagonism with the rural citizens. The Grange originated iti tho North, where capital in the large cities is frequently opposed tc labor, and where the trades.lneu uf aluioot every class are organized into societies. C/fiV. .had originated in South .Carolina it would -p: ah ably Irtvo been called ar rural iustcad of a fannersj society. It fiiuB no i noLlaton "tr. -fecparate tho rural people loom those .vvli*? Jive i* incorporated itOWHfc. its objects mutft bo looked at from utarct ctah r.oir.'tt;? the educational, social nnd busiucsa. Education is understood to 'tneau what we cou.ui inly call schooling, hut li'roiu the thi.iv.eor standpoint it is a verry difi'sreut tLiut,. .r(.<e.Miindices in the cradle and stops anly *<heu the grave is ready to re?oii*v. us. Jt is a 1.0o common habit with our farmers to f&pp. ei'.attu-y know all they need to k <\v . .ul t'u.'iuiug. They can ilcarn a grea?. deal a ore about tho best way to make their crops, 'i'lu.y em (earn what their "COKor cc.- iS ^ua per pound, and many other such yraci.er.* matters. This education the G.\ ago vriil give theui. I know itlurt V fKu z (hearnod many thing in the 4 j-range that I wauki rot have known oth Kjrwiso :f I Lad uvou to bo sevonty-livo years old. vTc-CjUulrj,' fcruiers cau't live always j)) our own Lui; t..? tiuio must cauio when, ill' Sinei-A: ,u?\.u d <cs not call us out, ibunncss a-I acces&ity will. Are wo prepared to lake euro of oursoives '( II' there me any people in the world who think they are, it it ho r.? .ois. 'x hey over-rate their indh .d'?s. ' dependence. They say they niteiij to ibivrs.'W.u hus:.ies?;. J?ut isitso? Is there a f..;au.r ow .ii:\; TOD acres of land any wit re who h s not a lawyer to attend . / v' i oi' his he si n ess for hi ll, or at 4 . lei! I 'm how to do it h rse And e.. uey go to the nearest cuu... e. at lii I ,;ot ii'in to attend to the t1* . >. .1 ihero was a iii'lhibu tii. .. t, oho nc-.ro to attend to that. c .;o opposition to auy o.hur < . i e fa uicr makes be] ,i , c in .i v. hc<-nuse every uian r.u.. . . a . u ? to business they foll v. o . b.oieiii oi".society are py.' ;>i - . i plain lun^ua^e, t i ..-.el mer for its vie < . . \.\? want is u fair divi> ?. >i o.t y that every man r'i i" ^ 'jo reeciw 1. This eo opo? fa'ii.ii - by ('to <?ran pro is no now (hi:*?r. \i i.-ou as mail emerged into the jight ul' ci\11 ix.-ilioti wo poo him seeking the eo-opcrauon 01 his fellows, and from that time till this it has been the uuivcrsal custom, except among farmers. Colonel Lipscomb drew a ludicrous picture of the farmer entering town to sell his cotton, and supposing that tho merchants were competing buyers, whereas they had held a meeting the night before and already fixed upon tho prico to bo paid for it. And showed how tho farmer had to ask tho merchant the price of the cctton he hud for sale, as woll as of the goods ho /anted to buy. Returning to tho subject of education, as commonly understood, ho :j At ouiu mm. me iaruiers snouid take more interest Tu the conduct and curriculum of the sellouts to which their children aro sent, and should sco that some special instruction be given thorn in rcfcrcnco to the pursuit of agriculture. He next referred to the social features of tho Grange. He said that in villugcs and towns tho people who live so near together are somewhat independent of this uicaus of social enjoyment, but in the country _it is quite different. It is true tlint the men cau meet at shooting matches, elections, aud on otbor similar occasions, but tho ladies' opportunities nrc much more contracted, but with the Grange meeting onco a month they aro brought together moro frequently. The Grnuge liberates us from the tyranny of fashion, that worst ot tyrants. We in South Carolina havo been a boastful people, and now, since we havo lost our fortunes, we are more extravagant thau ever before. Tho people dress liner thau they can ufford, because they dislike the idea of having others think they arc poor. The Grange makes a man's character the test of his aduiissability into the order, and I ujr auumiuig 111id into intimate social iu! tcrcourso with its incuibers, their wives and daughters, certifies to 'he woild that he is worthy oi' confidence ; this makes him independent uf fashion, and lie may disregard its dictates with perfect impunity. The Grange says nothing about religion or polities, so tliat people of all creeds can meet together in the bonds of a common brotherhood and enjoy that social intercourse vouchsafed to them by no other institution. It does not proposo anything that the best business men in South Carolina would not say was perfectly just and right. Wc arc not such fools as to want to break down the business of th ? country, nor to suppose that we can do without merchants ?uu lawyers and men of other callings and run everything ourselves. Col. Lipscomb was interrupted in his speech liy a cry near the front door of ''The 1 -. I. 1> >? ._?- 1 - t < i i upon fruit. It is a w< ll-established fact that tlint part of tho inhabitants of any country which habitually livo upon fruit arc the healthiest and most happy. The supply of fruit in every house ami farm should be sufficient not only for the family, but for the operatives and tho stock. The cultivation of fruits is extremely fascinating ami improving to the intellect. In studying the qualities of tho soil and the other (in ixeguiicm., aim suspcuucu Dciorc ne had linished his address. The meeting then adjourned till 1*. M., in order to allow the survivors of the 17th Uogiuicut to have the use of the Court house. AFTKllNOON SESSION. At the hour appointed, the meeting was again called to order, and the President introduced Dr. Or. P. Lartiguc, who read a learned essay on grape growing and wine making, lie commenced with a history of that industry in South Carolina and other States, in the light afforded by the facts of this history, he said, the industry should not be encouraged in this country without careful consideration. In introducing any now industry we must consider whether it is adapted to the soil and cliu.ate of the country and to the genius of tho people. Wine is not yet one of the staple productions of the Southern States. Of tho various tluids culled wine, the simple fermented juice of the grape, without any addition, may he termed natural wine. This is the type or ail true wines. tjt tins, wo must conclude, tlio Lord partook at the last supper. When we cau make such wine as the ancients drank and as the Son of God blessed, we may consider that we have made great progress in the art. lie then described tho varieties of adulterated wines and wines made by the addition of other substances to tho grape juice. To make natural wine, the constituents must exist in tlie grape, and these can bo supplied to it by proper manuring. The scuppernong has been considered a poor wine grape, but recent experiments have proven that it may stand pruning at certain seasons. When tliis is accomplished, it will most probubly become the most valuable of all wine grapes. Dr. Lurtiguo then gave a detailed statement of the expenses and estimated profits of a grape crop. At tin close of this essay, tho (Ihair an nounced that tho subject was opeu for general discussion. No one offering to speak, the Hon. W. D. Johnson, of Marion, was introduced, who road an essay on fruit culture, of which tho following is a synopsis: ona.ncei.iior joiinson's i&say. Alter God crcutcd man, and gave him douiiuion over every living thing, His first gift to him was tho fruit-bearing tree, thereby showing the estimate He placed circumstances necessary to its culture, iu perpetuating good kinds and producing new oues, and in studying the habits of tho different varieties, it furnishes just such habits of thought as every uiau engaged in agriculture should possess. Tho farmer who furnishes himself and all dependent upoi: hiui with a good supply of fruit is a good farmer. A good fruit grower cannot be a poor farmer. Tho first thing to bo done by the fruit grower is to select a nrnn. w -?-- ??r er spot of ground. A deep clay loam is the best. A northern aspect also is desirable, and the plat should bo woll drained. None of our fruit bearing plants can be healthy ' ftn ground that is not weU'^Lillinb^h all the stumps be removed. ?It should he deeply broken up and manurca^ith uiuck or stable mnuurc, or the sweepings from the yard. It cannot be mado too jrich.? The peach is no exception to this rule, though the pear may be. Never select a spot where the satno kinds of fruit have grown bofora. liel'ore ?ho troo is planted tho pint should'bc enclosed by a substantial fence. 1 now come to the selection of the different varieties to be planted, Deference must be had to the use that is to be made of the fruit. I will not attempt even an enumeration of varieties. My advice is to furnish somo of the well-known nurserymen with a full description of the plat of ground and the objects you have in view, and let them select tbc varieties for you. Don't buy from any of tho traveling salesmen, who generally know nothing of fruit-growing. and call furnish you with any kiud desired on short uotico uud all proporly labeled. When the trees are small, vegetables and root crops may be sown between them. but no graiu should bo planted there. After the trees begin to grow somewhat larger, the ground should be devoted entirely to the trees. Strawberries should be cultivated even by those who have only a small garden plat, and they can have at their command an abundant supply of most delicious fruit. lMums are also :i mnst w~?%SttV?U I UK. II Ut uiany of iho fiuest varieties, being subject to the attacks of the curculio, cau bs successfully cultivated in yards whose surface is hard and which arc frcqucutcd, by poultry and hogs. The apple is a standard ' ~:j git-ciw yyttvk. oonic ot fts varieties can be cultivated only in favored localities, while others seem to flourish anywhere. Pears arc most delicious. The pomologist who will find out a euro for the blight from which this trco suffers will justly be regarded as a benefactor of the human race. No fruit is more delicious during the summer thau the peach. The trees should be properly pruned and trained, and when this is done the trees will come into bearing sooner aud flourish better. No country affords better advantages for tho culture of the peach than the Southern States. All the cereals aud fruits, except the cherry and some few others, are successfully grown here. Fruits arc raised and shipped North, but that shipped is mostly of rathe* inferior vuricties. it the tanner makes it a rule to plant as much corn and cotton on the laud as he did before tho trees were placed there and then lets the hogs and cattle be turned into the orchard during the fall, has the ground ploughed without rcfcr3nco to the roots of the trees, he will soon be prepared to say that the South is not adapted to fruit culture. There arc other departments of fruit growing that 1 intended to take up, but l have already occupied my allotted time. The mulberry is a very valuable tree, especially where there are boys to be raised. The subject being then opened for general discussion, the question was asked by a member whether blight affected peach trees, and if so, what is tho remedy ? iMr. Johnson replied thero were two kinds of blight?one was the work of an insect, and this sometimes affected the peach, but he believed the tree was not affected with the genuine fire blight. Mr. D. 1*. Duncan then read au essay on the cultivation of grasses. BYNOl'KIS OK MR. DUNC'A.N'H KSSAY. It seems to one who is rending Kuuisny's History of South Carolina that tho first question to occur is, What is the necessity ot cultivating grass 's in a land like this? Hut when we contemplate the present condition of this State, with its forests eut down, its streams depleted of fish and its surface covered with gullies, it seems that that history must he a romance. The allabsorbing question to the wide-awake farmer is how to recuperate the worn-out lands and clothe these gullies? The answer is by covering thorn with our own green crops and by the grasses. Hy growing clover, a vast amount of uiin.rnl matter is gathered up for the uso of tin crops. Clover protects the surface and prevents the escape of tho fertilizing elements. Possibly just as tiiueli hum us is kept in the earth in this way as is taken away by tho growth of the plant. The cause of most of the failures that I know of in making rlover have resulted from planting it in connection with some small main. In those eases the grain took up all the nourishment and left nothing for the clover. For hogs wlicu it has orchard grass with it, there is nothing bet tor. If you want a green spo^for a horse to run on or for your cattlo or poultry, I would recommend you to plant a plat ol orchard grass. This grass may bo bowii alone or with clover. Tho next grass 1 would recommend is lucerne. I had a lot that was ovorgrown with nutgrass, nud I sowed it in lucorn.? By pulliug up the weeds as much us 1 COIlld. it rrrn w wall > ><! ~l. * - : 1 - % , .. n?H UUU UUIUIUVU U gOOU foothold. Its great advantage over clover is that it never salivates and is ready for use sooner. would stand our ! TioWumlfilFsiuh' The fall uieadow oat is much like orchard grass, but should thick not so hardy. I have no acquaintance with licruiuda grass. As to crab grass or crow foot I hive little to say, as it is so well known. It will grow and make bay, but only ono season. Hay can" only be cultivated as a specialty and caunot bo profitably cultivated iu cou nccuou wun other crops. The field pea is, indeed, the clover of tlio South, and, 1 think, is superior to clover. It is easily sewn, sure to gcrminato, and it will grow on all sorts of soil. It is a wouder why our farmers do uot cultivate more of it I wish to speak of this subject of grasses in one other light and that is as ail ornament?a properly cultivated grass plat gives such a cheerful and attractive nir. 1 have never found a home with grass patches and a flower garden but I found there a wideawake farmer. Nothing pays better than beautifying the farmhouse and grounds, and nothing tends more to make it attractive to tho young men and preveut them leaving agriculture for the more glitteriug but more uncertain pursuits of life. Mr. l>uncau concluded with an clouucnt peroration on attachment to home, which was rewarded with prolouged applause from the large audience. This subject was also opened for general discussiou, but no one c'su took part. General llngood then called for the resolution which hud been postpoucd from the inoruiug session and spoke in advocacy of it. Colonel William Wallace opposed it bogo in debt. Mr. W. W. ltusscll, of Anderson, moved the matter be deferred for the present. General liratton proposed as a substitute for this motion, that n committee bo appointed to take the matter into consideration and report at the winter meeting of the society the exact cost of their publication Mr. ltusscll accepted tho substitute. Mr. Paul Folder said he liked the idea very much, and ifheshould bring anything to the fair ho would rather have 0110 of these books for a premium tbau a twenty dollar gold cup. Tllrt n? will niliintinl ? >'! ? ?.. -?I'""*' ' " Generals Hagood and liratlon and Colonel Wallace wero appointed as such committee. The meeting then adjourned to meet tomorrow morning ai 11 o'clock. A. C. M. A STUUUNil APPEAL OF Til K JA8PEB MONUMENTAL ASSOCIATION OF SAVANNAH, GA. To Irishmen and the Friends of Constifntitmnl I.lhillil All Aasnpi.itinn nnAnr V " vv.?v.v/.., the name of the "Jahpek Monunental Association," has been formed for the pupose of erecting n monument to the memory of Sergeant Jasper. It will be remembered that on the Oth day of Octobor, 1770, Sergeant Juspcr fell in the attack on Savannah, and it is the intention of this Association to lay the corner stone of the proposed monument on the 0th day of October, 1870. No occasion could be more appropriate than the centennial of his death; no place more fitting than that whereon he fell. While other Irishmen rose higher in the Colonial ranks, yet none there was who more truly represented Irelaud in America than the bravo and modest William Jasper. Horn in Ireland, he emigrated to America and settled in South Carolina. The war of the Revolution found him a devoted patriot, and on the 28th of June, 1770, be was engaged in tho defenso ef Fort Moultrie. His conspicuous crallantrv in leaning I o J '? 1 o over the rampnrt9 of the fort during the hottest of the fight and fixing anew the flag which had been shoe from its staff, won for hiui the admiration of his comrades, and inspired the brare defenders of old Moultrie with a loftier heroism. For this act he was offered a commission by Governor Kutlcdge, who said to hiui : "You have won a sword, sir, and you must wear it." "Nay. sir," replied Jasper, "I aui not worthy of the trust; adversity has beeu my only schoolmaster, liberty my only > schoolmistress. 1 can not miuglo with those who are superior to mo iu cduc.tiou i and manners without exposing myself tc deserved contempt. Let mo alone ; let uic i serve my country iu the way that suits in< i best, as an huinblo and devottd laborer ir the causa of freedom." Governor Kutledgt i yielded to this refusal, but presented hin. with the sword which tho Governor woro i about his person. Probably tho most dcspcrato feat or arms ? * ?* * oi toe ncvotutton was tho release by Jasper anil Newt?* of about twelve American prisoners and the capture of tho guard of ten British soldiers. The circumstances surrounding this exploit were romantic in the extreme and worthy of the days of chivalry. While reconnoitoring tho British camp at Ebencxer, Jasper loarncd from a Mrs. Jones that her husband, then in irons, charged with desertion ot tho royal cause, was about to bo sent with?other prisoners toSamMh, ?hw *> Wo nfcny ami, QUBflLy less, executed." Thd*distress of the poor woman and her child touched tho heart of the impulsive Irishman, and ho formed tho desperate resolution of attempting a rescue. The prisoners, uudcr guard, started for Savnnnnh. Jasper and Newton followed them unarmed until tho party arrived nt what is now known as Jasper Springs, about two miles from Savannah, on tho Augusta road. Hero the guard stopped for water, resting their arms against the trees. Jasner and * Hew ton each seized u uiusket, shot two of the guard down, dashed out tho brains of two more with the clubbed guns, leaped between the remaining six soldiers and tho other muskets, nnd possessing themselves of tho loaded weapons, compelled the surrender of the six, released tho prisoucrs, cscorthcui to tho American army at Purysburg, and safely returned Jones to his wife nnd child. Tho death of Jasper was in kaaping with his life. The attack on Savannah was disastrous. The French and Americans were repulsed; the bugle had sounded the retreat when tho ilag which Mrs. Elliot had presented to hiui, and which ho had promised to guard "until eternity," was seen by hint trailing in the dust. Lieutenants llushc and lluuic had been killed while bearing that banner, and it was from Hume's dying grasp that Jasper seized it at the close of the action and the day. Jasper made good his promise. IIo guarded it "until ctcrni ly." While bearing it ho fell, and in falling said to Major llorry, a companion in arms, "I have got piy furlough. That sword was presented to mo by Governor Uutlcdgc for my services in the defense ot Fort Moultrie. Give it to my father, and 'it1! Jw11!!1 'n"" ?* hope of a better life. Tell Mrs. Elliot that I lost my life supporting the colors she presented to our regiment. . If.you should ever see Jones, his wife and son, tell them that Jasper is gone, but that the rcmcmbranco of the battle which he fought for them brought a secret joy to his heart when it was about to stop its motion forever. Tell all my friends who- shall remember to ask for me that their poor friend has fought his last fight, has struck his last blow ; and may the blessings of Providence rest upon my country and her cause." "So fell Srrgeant Jasper; his last blow struck in the cause of America; his last ? .u_ j-r /?? oiiu?? ? i,u>uvuug VI j IUI IIIB UdCllEC OI ncr honor; his last wish a prayer for her prosperity ! So fell Sergeant Jasper. The sand of our streets has drunk up his blood, and the soil of our city hus encompassed his bones. Who has written bis epitaph ? Who has built up his monument ?" To write his epitaph, to build his monument is the object of our Association, and it should- be our proudest pleasure as it is our most sacred duty. Let then the lovers of liberty everywhere unite with us in rearing a tribute to modest heroism, as exemplified in the life and death of William Jasper. John McMahon, J. II. Estill, John It. Dillon, Jobu T. ltonan, P. W. Mcldrim, N. O. Tilton, J. Cronin, D. J. Foley, C'has. Collins, ?l. J. McGowan, John Flannery, Geo. A. Mcrccr, Luko Carson. The organization of the nbovo named Association was completed on 27th December, 1878, by the election of the following officers : President?John McMahon. Vice President?P. W. Mcldrim. Treasurer?J. J. McGownn. Kecording Secretary?JohnT. Honan. I Corresponding Secretary?D.J. Foley. A young lady gave her skating experience as follows, according to tho Brunswick News: You ought to have seen me, said she to the new minister; I'd just got tho skates on and made a start, when down 1 came on uiy? Maggie ! said her mother. What? Oh, it is too funny! Ono skate went one way and the other'ji tho other way, nud down I came on my-? Margaret ? reprovingly spoke hor father. Well, what ? They scooted from under uic, and down I cauie on my? Margaret! yelled both hor parents. On my little brother who had mo by the hand, and liked to havo mashed him. Nov, 1 what's the matter ? The g rl's mother emerged from behind 1 the coffee pot, a sigh of relief escaped from 1 the minister, a id the old gentleman adroit* ly turuod the conversation into a political 1 ohaunel. >' ? ? i (JiiU, don't throw your cast off shoes in s the alleyways, fur alley gaiters are danger. I ous.