The weekly Union times. [volume] (Union C.H., South Carolina) 1871-1894, June 13, 1879, Image 1
~^ T** ';^ VW'*-^~''~m*rS
v ^ '" *** ' . jir , - iL- ?
' " NUMBER 24.
ItoHjSoiirrAlIciBflfllTHESlTU^nifwiniiiiflwiirai^
' T - I oral V. :- * - *
We feel we cannot do jnstioetoour readers
in withholding from thorn the very
admirable speech of Senator Vaece delivered
with temper in his own inimitable way.
Henoe we malto the following evtraot containing
the pith of the Senator's remarks:
?****??
Coming briefly to the real question* I
ash why should the law authorising the
military to bo used st the polls not be
repealed, and why should the law anthorising
Federal supervision also not be repealed
f I tako it to be indisputably established,
without further argument, that
the whole subject relating to the elective
franchise is placed by the constitution under
the control of the States, and all that
the Federal eovernment can do s? "?
thai the States, as suoh, do not disorimi- i
nate against any on aooount of race, oolor, i
or previous condition of servitude. This is
the wholo duty and power of Congress, as
dcelared by the Supreme Court. When i
any Republican Senator has ventured for ]
one moment to abandon the lino of influm- i
nialory appeal to tho sectional fooling of
the oouotry, the excuses given for tho i
retention of this law upon the statute book I
aro illogical almost to puerility. ]
Ono Senator gravely urges that it should I
not be repealed because the great bulk of ?
the army is in the distant West, only somo t
few- hundreds being cast of the Rocky <
Mountains. He tells us iu the course of a
his enumeration that there are only about c
thirty in the State of North Carolina, and i
asks the senators from that State if they c
are afraid of that number of soldiers. Pus- \
sing over the obvious fact that within thir- r
ty days 10,000 could be sent there if do- I
sired, [ answer that we do fear them, bo- i
oause they represent the power of the
United States government and tho enmity
of the Republican party which wields that L
power; we fear them as the Hollander fears
the first small leak in the dykes which bear li
back the waves of the ocean from deluging t
the meadows of his homestead; we fear t
thorn as the physician fears the first speck
of gangrene in the system of his pationt;
wo iear incru as tlo sailor Tears the piling
up of the storm clouds upon the horizon, b
knowing that their deceptive beauty covers t
the fiorco desolation of the tempest j wo e
fear thorn as the shepherd of the mountain t
fears for his lambs at even the flitting of a o
shadow athwart his path, for ho knows it b
to bo the shadow of the eagle, the remorse- q
loss tyrant of tin air; we fear them as Char- t
leuiagno feared the rude wooden ships of t
the Norse Vikings on their first appearance "
in the seas of his empire ; we fear them as f
all patiiotio Romans feared tho crossing of i
the Rnbioon by Caesar, the passage of which r
with arms in his hands marked him as tho s
enomy of Roman liberty. r
Even so we fear and believe that when
an American crosses the Rubioon of bis c
constitutional powers and appears at the c
place of choosing our rulers, armed oither a
with the sword or with illegal powers of I
arrest, he thereby proclaims himself the o
enemy of tho liberties of our people. A
flagrant illustration of the just ioe of this fear o
U in Ka fnnnrl in J4,1?
~ ?v WWMV ?U ?U? V KltVIM UlUUia ui mo a
War Department directing the conoentra- t
tion of troops in the States of South Caro- ?
lina, Florida and Louisiana on the occasion
of the election of 1876. The excuse that *
these soldiers were not intended to interfere n
with elections or to be placed at the polls,
but onlj to be sufficiently near to keep the t
peace, is not sustained by the facts of that t
reign of military violence, nor will it be if I
tried again. I quote from an order dated
headquarters Deportment of the South, Co- a
Innsbia, South Carolina, Octobor 8, 1876, j
issued by General Ruger : t
"Should the barracks or camp in any c
case be so far from the place of voting that
prompt assistance could not on oocasion p
arising be renderod the .oivil officers, the j
commanding offioer will so plaoe his oom* i
maud, or n .sufficient pert thereof, that Ci
auch assistance, if required, way he t
Eromptly given. No troops, however, will s
q placed actually at any poll of election,
exoept upon requirement to that effect by <j
,1. a# !>' /J??u " <
So it Moms that the discretion as to i
whether the law should be violated or not j
was vested io a deputy marshal I Id faot,
they were so illegally disposed and used iu t
a hundred instances. The President, as '
appoars bv the order of Oenoral Towosend I
to general Emory, dated October 27,1874, I
seemed anxious to have the troopa placed
at the polls without the appearance of doing i
so. In that order ho propounds a physical i
problem or oonundrum to General Emory,
wVkfr 'that officer had to givo up. He i
ays :
"Canare* points be selected near polls
where attempts to overawe vote re, likely to
reenlt in Hots, may be tpade, and troops stationed
there a day or two beforehand f It
would not bo desirable to have soldiers at or
... >L. n /-."J
tw HCUf fcUD u? C#U./CCC UJ ITIH*
itory interference, except to eecure voter*
their righitto vote, thoultl be avoided
Not to "keep the peice/'mind you, but to
secure voter* their right to vote ! Now, thie
wee ft hard problem-?to place troops yo far
from the polls as to avoid all appearance of
Interference with the elections, and yet so
near as to actually interfere by securing all
mcu in their right to voto. Quod at dc
_.r. -wi/ij?it was too rnuoh fbi
common boom and pouusoa honesty.?
All these orders show ? palpable and
shameless* determination on the pari
of the Executive to control both the
elections and the counting of the votes
of Presidential electors, as well aa the or:
ganiaation of State governments. *the manner
in whioh the troops were shifted about
frota one to the other of these three States,
on which the Presidential election depended,
exhibitatho animus of this infamous transaction
a manner so plain that the wayfaring
maU, though * Republican, need not
err therein.
But the President tells us in his veto
message that there has been no interference
during his administration, and promises that
thore shall be none. So we aro to take his
royal promise to respeot the people's liberties
and not to have them seoured by law 7
Here is tho promise of one President of the
United States, and one who stands exooedingly
high in Rcpublicon estimation, dated
November 10,1876, tojGeneral W. T. Sherman,
Washington, District of Columbia :
Instruct Qeneral Auger, in Louisiana,
ind Qeneral Ruger, in Florida, to be vigiant
with the forces at their command to
preserve peace and good order, and to sco
hat the proper and legal boards of canvaslers
are unmolested in the performance of
heir duties. Should thcro be any grounds
>f suspicion of fraudulent counting on either
itde, it should be reported and denounced at
mce. No man worthy of the office of Prcsdent
would be willing to hold the office if
sounted In, placed there by fraud. Either
>arty can afford to be disannointpil in ?!">
esult, but the country cannot afford to
>are the result taiptcd by the suspiciou ot
llcgal or false returns.
U. S. Grant."
On the same day the following telegram
3 also forwarded to Gen. dherman :
' Tho President thinks, aud I agree with
iitn, that it will be well for you to give to
he Associated Press his telegram and mine
o you, referring to affairs now in the South.
J. D. Cameron.
"Socretary of War."
Of tho vast open-jawed and cavernousicllicd
nature of this promise [ have not |
be heart or the time to discourse. I shall
ontent myself with imitating the discre(on
ot Mr. Rodman, who, returning home
nc night full of tax-paid and fearing that
lis speech would betray him to the many
[uestions of his wife, for a long while maiuuiucd
an obstinate silence, until at length,
o end the matter, be solemnly remarked,
Mrs. Rodman, you know I am a man of
ew words, and now I am plumb done talkng."
That subject immediately became
e? adjudicata. I am done talking on this
ubjcct so well calculated to make an Amcican
citisen blush.
The arguments made by the opponents
f these bills, especially those of the veto
acreages, strike me with a good deal of
iinaxement. To illustrate their absurdity,
et us frame them into tho semblance of
aathematieal propositions, thus:
I'mfyntitinn. Fir ml Thrrwm* """""
^ - ..?T. ? .?vv? VH??-?AUV ?ivup?
f th* United States are two thousand miles
way od the frontier and oould not be used
o control elections if they w. re wanted.-?
Senator from Maine.
The troops could not be to used if they
rere here, as th? lav forbids it. I promise
Ct to use them.?Tho President.
Henee it is revolutionary and dangorous
0 liberty an1! the purity or elections to pass
his bill forbidding auoh use of troops.?Q.
C. D.
Corollary firat.?The necessity for troops
t the polls to secure fair elections is in
proportion to the squares of the distance of
heir present looation, ?. e.t the greater the
listanoe the greater the neoeaaity.
Corollary aecond.?Tho necessity for the
presence of troops at the polls is also in
proprotion to the legal inability to use them
f they wete present, sod if tho President
1 determined not to nee them at all to eon-.
rol elAflilona. iKaa tkn nuiiAsol^ kdiMUed 1
beolute. ..'i -' t >, .
Corollary third.?The revolutionary end
langeroua character of a law consiata id the
aot that it ia useless, there being already
d exiatenoe laws sufficient to effect the par*
?oee.
Scholium.?Id the above it i9 aaaamed
ixiomatieally that the terms "liberty" and
'purity of eleotion" are ayoooyaioua with
;he tern "Republican party." [Prolonged
laughter.]
Proporition Second : Theorem.?The
right of citixens of the United States to vote
shall not bo donied or abridged by the
United States or by any State on account
of race, color or previous condition of servitude;
8EC. "2. Congress shall have pcwlr to enforce
this article tyj appropriate legislation.
The fifteenth amendment nnntad h? the
?"T*r 1 -r- ~V
President.
The Supreme Court, in the United States
against (jruikshsnk, end in Mjers w. Happeraett,
bare declared that the only right
guaranteed by this amendment is the right
that citisens shall not be, discriminated
against on account of raoe, color or pravi.ous
condition of servitude. Hence "nations
legislation to provide safeguards for free and
honest elections is necessary, aa ezperienct
has shonn, not only to secure the right U
rote to tho ouiYancntscd raco at tho South
in the large ciUasof ifcgflKttfe."?The
. .?*** jru"k^
tho said ucgro within them3 ig of tbp.
Constitution, and
discrimination al/^o^some^^^^od the
said white nan was about to vote or hod
voted the Ropubliono ticket, that being the
truo meaning and interpretation of the
words "race, color or previous conditio^ of
servitude." .
Corollary third.?It follows necessarily
that if a New York repeater vote the Domocratio
ticket five times in one day he beconies
likewiso the great Slat|of New York
(including the Senior), or, ? convcrso, tho
groat State of New ibrlt bodbmes the repeater,
and by so ho discriminates
(tho Lord knows hap") against the right of
somebody (the LorU knows 'Jho) to vote
on account of race, color or previous condition
of servitude; and the.only avenun
opened up by which this guarantee can .bo
enforced is to send in the aruiy and Jonnny
Davenport. [Laughter.]
Scholium ?The "previous condition" referred
to in the foregoing is that of Repubcanism,
and implies also present condition;
that is, being Republican.
Scholium tecond.?Enforcing the- right
to vote by soldiers is not an "interference
with elections."
Scholiun third.?This doctrine of "discrimination"
docs not apply to the State of
Rhode Island, where a white man's right
to veto may bo freely abridged on account
of his present condition of irnpccuniosity.
Proportion third : Theorem.?"The
practice of tacking to appropriation bills
| measures not pertinent to such bills did uot
prevail until more that forty years after
the adoption of the constitution. It has
become a common practioe. All parties
when in power havo>- adopted -it. The
public welfare will be promoted in muny
ways by a return to the early practice of
the gomoMat and the true principles of
legislation."?The President.
Hence the practico of tacking legislation
to appropriation bills having been
practiced by all parties for nure than fifty
years, it should be immediately abandoned
when disagreeable to the President or invenient
to the party, its antiquity not being
sufficient to justify it, [though greater
than the period of its non-use.
Corollary firit.?It follows, therefore,
that tho practice of using troops at the polls,
which did not prevail for more than seventyfive
years after the adoption of the constitution,
should now become of general and
indispensable use ; fourteen yoars being
amply sufficient timo to legalise it, and it
being now absolutely necessary for the preservation
of the Republican party.
Scholium.?For the purposes of the next
Presidential election fourteen years of mili
tary interference are equal to seventy-five
years of free and unrestrained elections, on
the well-established principle "that circumstances
alter oases/' (The Lawyer's
Bull vt. Parmer's Ox, 1 Webster's El.
Spell.)
N. B.?It is said oo high authority that
the Secretary of War and the Secretary of
State onoe held this problem unsound, but
were coerced into assenting to it by party
necessity. But quien sabe I [Laughter.]
So much for the absurd deductions
which may lo logically drawn from the
premises containedin the veto messages and
the arguments of Senators.
Now, Mr. President, why should not the
peaoe at the polls and the purity of elections
be intrusted to the authority, the virtue
and the patriotism of the States, where
ftlritfe our ftalmfrwNOn* teJ' * T*-a?
the States ere' unable With their eivil machinery
to preserve the peace f They have
inviriably proven abler in the past, except
_ > i_ a --
ID CHWI VI BUCH ununuai TIOItQCO S9 IS COD*
templated in the constitution?article 4, section
4. Are they uov.iijing ? Surelj they
are willing to preserve their autonomy
and perpetuate their own existenoe. Are
they corhipt f Surely, if their inhabitants,
as citixeos of the States, arc too oorrupt for
self-goverpmoat, it is not possible that their
virtue should be improved and their corruptions
oease the moment they are invested
srith authority by' the United States. On
the contrary, there is always found lets of
responsibility., and mora of oorrnptionr in
aggregated than in separate communities.?
How can n oorrupt Stato officer become an
ifcoorruptiblfe Feoeifct officer f
To suppose that the States are either
unable, unfitting or too oorrupt to bold
\ peaeefa! and boa est alaatioaa is to declare
unmistakably that the people therei
of are capable aetf-goyerumout. "Let
each Senator', here written on his brow
i what he thiuka of the republio," said
the Senator from New York, quoting the
I old Roman. So nay I. Let eaeh Senator
I say for himaelf what he thinks of his State;
> are ite peoplo Incapable of self-government;
) of choosing their rulers peaoeably and hon,
cstly ? For one, 1 can My with anspeakaV
> ' _
# f
, ?.? uriuu ana with absolute truth thai th<
i peonio pf the State of Boat hi Carolina, wb<
lent me here, are able, vimag and virtqow
VnShgh |q fulfill these and all the other'high
functions of free government; that thej
have ever done so sieee the keel* of Rsl
igh's ships first graiM npoo the white
sanja of her shores, and, God homing them,
thpV and their children win continue to do
i to, if not destroyed Woontralisatibn, no til
chaos shall come again. It i* with extreme
saadma that I bead any other Senator ^
mat# that it is not so with fcie people.- fq
uses to which we are subjecting^^^n^
And did you ever think that all this means,
in fact, the failure of the civil authority,
that our liberties arejdeclining more and
more as wo employ force ? Sir, in the uses
to which we put the soldiers I am reminded
of whut I read about tho bamboo in Asiatic
countries. It is said that the natives do
almost everything with that wonderful arborescent
grass. When young oud tender
it is made into houses and boats, astronomical
instruments, ornauiontal work, yards
of vessels, aqueducts, rain-clonks, water
vriiews, ienco-ropes, chairs, tables, hats, aud
umbrollaa, fans, pipes, cups, shields, toolhandles,
lamp-wicks, paper, knives, and a
hundred other things. In this way it seems
HI
In addition to their legitimate business
as defenders of the country, we have
niado of tbcm Governors of States, legislators,
organ iters of Legislatures and judges
of the election and qualifications of the
members thereof, judges of law and equity
and of the crimiuul courts, policemen,
sheriffs, marshals and deputy marshals,
revenue officers and still-house hunters,
managers of railroads, controllers of churches
and of schools, justices of the pcaco, supervisors
of election, mathematicians to sec
u fair count, protectors of wituesscs, fosterfathers
of returning boards, and, above all,
as Republican propagandists. Iu the language
of the sewing machine compnnics,
"no family should bo without ono," [laughter,]
this Republican political bamboo. Is
thero not great danger ? Does it not indicate
the decay and the disuse of the civil
arm of the law, which is the natural and
only safe protector of our liberties ? Let
us, sis, discard ibis miserable bamboo policy
and cease to mako the Suldier our political
maid of all work.
Mr. President, it seems to mo thai the
position of the Republican party iu refer
enco to tho use of soldiers and supervisors
at tho polls, on the pretense of preserving
the peace aud securing free elections, is the
most remarkable one that reasonable men
ever assumod. It may bo formulated thus :
Tho elections shall be free if wo have to
surround tbo polls with bayouets ; the elections
shall be according to the laws of the
States if we havo to overawe the civil magistrates
and State officials by an exhibition
of power; the elections shall be pure if it
takes Davenport and all the convicted criminals
and occupants of all the dens of infamy
in oar great cities to tonnage them ;
inspections shall be unforced and without
the appearance of violence if a battoy of
artillery has to be trained on every ballot
box in the land; and lastly, tho election
shall be fair if wo have to arrest without
warrant, and imprison without bail, nutil
the elections aro over, every man who effers
to voto the Democratic ticket.
The speeches of Republican Senators
mean this, the vetoes of the President mean
this, and they mean more than this, Mr.
President. In effoct they say that unless
we can use the army at the polls we will let
the army dissolve; we will leave our forts and
arsenals uogorrisoned; we will strip tbo
frontiers of all protection, and let the men,
women and childreu of that border country
be sla jghtered and scalped, and tbo unchecked
savage extend his barbarous sway
over all that land of promise, once more
I remitted to its ancient wildness. We will
?I*. J* fkU. - -*** y? ???-? ]
Democratic membeft of Cony ess, who offered
us the monej to support this army,
as the authors of this disaster. AH these
things will we do rather than loeo our chances
to oount in the next President, and we
will cover the facts and obscure the logic
of the case by reinflnming the bitter prejudices
of the war in the hearts of our constituents
! Can it be poeriblo to do this?
Is there to ha no end to passion , no restoration
of reason ? We shall see.
I confess that I do not believe these absurd
methods of dealing with the American
mind can niuoh longer prevail. I rogard
thorn aa the desperate efforts of a sinking
party, and I bolieve the people will so regard
them. I have been muob touched
K? iHft vtrniitM i?iv?n iM K?
the other side that we were raining oarselves
in trying to repeal these la^rs. The
kind-hoarted Senator from Miohigsn notified
us frankly that if we persisted we would
go down in to the waters of oblivion to rise
no mote forever. He did not cvon give us
a ohanoe at the general resurrection ?
[[Laughter.] It seemed to distress him.?
and if I thought it was true prophecy, I
would flreely mingle my tears witn his al
the contemplation of so dire a calamity.?
Candor compels me, however, to acknowl
edgo that I cannot rociprocato his charity
, If I thought the Republican party wev<
> standing upon the brink of a precipice, bo*
) neath which soothed those cold watcm of
? oblivion, instead of warning them,,| pledge
I you word I would try to induoo them
' to stop over the edge?in fsot, I might lend
them a push. ?Laughter.] At.least I
I should feel aa indifferent abouj it as tuo
( lodger at an ion did, who was awakenod in
c the night.when the meteors were falliog,
and told Chat the day of judgment had come.
' Well, well," said HO; testily, "tell the land-lord
about it; X only a boarder."?
^Laughter.]
And now, Mr. President, if .the breath
l-was aboutleave my body, ?a^l was permitted
to say1 bnt one word as to what my
country most needed, that word should be,
first \ Rest from strife, rest from sectional
couflict, rest trom sectional bitterness, rest
from inflammatory appeals, rest from this
constant, most nnwiso and unprofitable agitation,
Rest in all lands and in all literature
is used as a symbol of the most perfect
state of felicity which inaukind can attain
in this world and the next. ''And the land
had rest," said the old Hebrew chroniclers
in describing the reign of their good kings;:
''and his rest shall bo glorious," says tho
prophet Isaiuh in foretelling* the coming of
our Lord, whjn Kphraim should have
ccascd to envy Juduh and Judah should
have ccascd to vex Ephraim.
Heaven itself is described as rest?a
.weary arc at rest."?
people of God," saith the apostle. "Dan kon.ot
give this rest to our people ? I know,
Mr. President, that those from whom I cotnodesire
it above l heir chief joy. The excitement
through which they havo passed for
the last twenty years, the suffering and tho
sorrow, the calamity, publio and private,.
which they havo undergone have filled their
hearts with indescribable yearnings for nai
tional peace, for a complete moral as well:
| as physical restoration of the Union.?
There is one policy, and but one, to effect
this object, and that is the policy of conciliation,
of restoration, so steadily pursued
by the Democratic statesmen and people of
the North. It is the only true statesmanship
for our condition, tho only genuine
remedy for the hard times with which we
afflicted. Nature everywhere teaches it,
aud her thousand agencies, silent and mysterious,
constantly inculcate it, even as day
nnto day uttoreth speech and night unto
night sheweth knowledge. Cross this noble
river which flows by our capital and*
soarch for the battle fields of blood-watered
Virginia. You scarce can find them.?
Dense lorcsts of young saplings cover all.
the hills aud plains that were so lately
swept burc by marching and eucamping
armies. "For there is hope of a tree if it.
bo cut down that it will sprout again, and
the tender branch thereof will not cease."
Waving seas of wheat cover the open fields
so lately plowed by tho bursting shells
while charging battalions met in deadlyshock
; and green grass has so covered the
lines of intrenchment as to give them all?
the seeming of tho cunning farmors' ditches.
Restoration is nature's law. Let us imitate
her. God of all mercy and grace, may not
theso gaping wounds of civil war i be pcr?mittod
to heul, if they will f
Heavy Manuring Pays.?A paragraph
from the New York Tribune refers
to spots of clny soil, heavily manured thirty
years ago, yielding far heavier in wheat,
this year than other portions of the samo
field. This may bo observed on almost'
every old farm, and on all kinds ef soil.?
We know a field of light sandy or gray land,
that, without manure, will not yield a bale
of ootton to five acres, and yet there is a
spot on it of perhaps half an aero, that
yields at the rate of a bale to tho acre.?
About forty years ago tho land was. cleared
and Bottled. It was creek hammock, and
the spot which still yields so handsomely i*
where the settler had his barn, stables, and)
cow-pen. Mr. John G. Dekle, of Thomas
county, told us of a similar instance on his
large spot appeared "uT histoid*,"on4a fcnt ol
sandy loam, where, more than twenty years
ago, a large number of oattle were penned
every night. These facts indicate that
heavy manuring will pay; that once thoroughly
done it will last for many years, if
not for a lifetime.?Southern Fttrmer'*
Monthly.
Baked Beans are prepared in ir.any
ways, from the elaborate Boston stvle down
to that adopted in Connecticut, as the easiest
and most practicable. Take small white
beans; soak them overnight; boil them an
hour, having drained the water off twice
during that time, and having supplied its
place with cold water well salted. Then
put them in a baking dish (with a piece of
salt pork in their midst). It should bo
about four inches sauare and its top carefully
cut into fine plaids with a sharp knife.
Cover the beans with water, and bake three
J or four hours in a moderately-heated oven.
I1 ?
?j -ee ?.
4uoig m * uiivap, Bliupw, HUU VUICIBDI
way to euro sore baoks and old sores of any
kind. Take whito oak bark, peel the rose
i or ontaide off, add water, and boil it down
til! it is as black as ink. Wben cool, add to
a gallon of the bark extract two oances alum.
. Wash tho effected part two or three tinea
* a day until cured.