Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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VOU X?Nk^' Skiues^ ' ^ NUMBER 24. ' ^ AfiMllVkB VilW'li1 AV TUP orrit im?A? I f amvu Wn AUU KVt J UAAlVi^t . Wo feel we cannot do justice to our readers in withholding from them the very admirable speech of Senator Vance delivered with tcinpor in his own inimitable way. Hence we uiako the following extract containing the pith of the Senator's remarks : ****** * Coming briefly to the real questions I ask why should the law authorising the / military to be used at the polls not be repoaled, and why should the law authorising Federal supervision also not be repealed ? I tako it to bo indisputably established, without further argument, that the wholo subject relating to tho cloctive franchise is placed by the constitution under the control ot the States, and all that the Federal Erovomment oan <1r? ia a that tho States, as such, do not discriminate against any on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. This is the wholo duty and power of Congress, as declared by tho Supreme Court. When any Republican Senator has ventured for ono moment to abandon the line of inflammatory appoal to tho sectional feeling of tho country, the excuses given for tho i retention of this law upon the statute book ! aro illogical almost to puerility. j Ono Senator gravely urges that it should not be repealed because the great bulk of the army is in the distant West, only sotno few hundreds being cast of the Rocky Mountains. lie tells us iu tho course of his enumeration that thorc are only about thirty iu the Stato of North Carolina, and asks the senators from that Stato if they ?f :.i .r ?l .^ ? n % % .v I uiu airuiu ui mat uiiuipcroi soiuiers. j'as- ] sing over the obvious fact that within thir- 1 ty days 10,000 could be sent there if do- 1 sired, I answer that we do fear theui, be- i oause they represent the power of the United States government aud the enmity of the Republican party which wields that i power; we fear them as the Hollander fears the first small leak in the dykes which bear I back the waves of the ocean from deluging t the meadows of his homestead; we fear t them as the physiciau fears the first speck of gungrcne in the system of his patient; we fear them as the sailor fears the piling up of the storm clouds upon the horizon, I knowing that their deceptive beauty covers t the fierco desolation of tho tempest ; wo < fear them as the shepherd of the uiouutaiu t fears for his lambs at even the flitting of a ( shadow athwart his path, for ho knows it I to be the shadow of the eagle, tho remorse- < less tyrant of tin air ; we fear them as Char- i lemagnc feared the rude wooden ships of < the Norse Vikings on their first appearance 1 in the seas of his empire ; we fear them as I all patriotic Romans feared the crossing of i the Rubicon by Caesar, the passage of which 3 with arms in his hands marked him as the s enemy of Roman liberty. 1 Even so we fear and believe that when an American crosses the Rubicon of his < constitutional powers and appears at the 1 plucc of choosiug our rulers, armed either : with the sword or with illegal powers of I arrest, he thereby proclaims himself the 1 enemy of the liberties of our people. A flagrant illustration of the justice of this fear < is to be found in the various orders of the : War Department directing tho concentra- l tinn nf trrmrw in fKn fifrnfna nf QAittk f o< vavu w. .. wwj,., .U vtav UVMWU v? I^vuvu V/UI V k lina, Florida and Louisiana on the occasion of the election of 1876. The excuse that i these soldiers were not iutcudcd to interfere i with elections or to be placed at tho polls, but only to be sufficiently near to keep the I peace, is not sustained by the facts of that t reign of military violence, nor will it bo if tried again. 1 quote from an order dated headquarters Department of the South, Co- i lumbia, South Carolina, October 8, 1876, ] issued by General Ilugcr : i "Should the barracks or camp in any ? f caso be so far from the place of voting that prompt assistance could not on occasion arising be rendered the civil officers, the commanding officer will so placo his command, or a sufficient part thereof, that such assistance, if required, may be promptly given. No troop9, however, will bo placed actually at any voll of election, except upon requirement to that effect by the marshal or his deputy." So it seems that the discretion as to whether the law should bo violated or not was vested in a deputy marshal ! In fact, they wcro so illegally disposed and used iu a hundred instances. The President, as appears by the order of General Townsend to general Kmory, dated October 27, 187-1, seemed anxious to have the troops placed at tho polls without the appearance of doing so. In that order he propounds a physical problem or conundrum to General Emory, whicli that officer had to give up. lie says : "Canrrot points be selected near polls where attempts to overawe voters, likely to result in riots, may be made, and troops sta tioned there a day or two beforehand ? It would not be desirable to have soldiers at or too near the polls, as all appearance of military interference, except to secure voters their rh/htsto vote, should he avoided." Not to ''keep the pe ice,"mind you, but to secure voters their right to vote ! Now, this was a hard problem?to place troops so far from the polls as to avoid all appearance of interference with the elections, and yet so near as to actually interfere by securing all men in their right to vote, (find est de monttrandum. It was too much for Gen- b cral Eiuory?in fact, it was too muoh for ii common sense aud common honesty.? I All theso orders show a palpable and shameless* determination on the part S of the Executive to control both the C elections and the counting of the votes it of Presidential electors, as well as tho or- tl ganixation of State governments. The man- tl ner in which tho troops were shifted about tl frofcn one to the other of these three States, c< on which the Presidential election depended, fc oxhibits (ho animus of this infamous transaction^* manner so plain that the way- w faring man, though a Republican, need not ? err therein. ' a! llut the President tells us in his veto s? message that there has been no interference v< during his administration, aud promises that tr there shall bo none. So we are to take his w< royal promise to respect tho people's liber- so ties and not to have them scoured by law ? Here is tho promise of one President of the th United States, and one who stands exceed- cr ingly high in Kepublicon estimation, dated co November 10, 1876. to.General W. T. Sh<?r. a, man, Washington, District of Columbia : gr Instruct General Auger, iu Louisiana, pc and General ltuger, iu Florida, to bo vigi- (tl lant with the forces at their command to soi preserve peace and good order, and to sco ou that the proper aud legal boards of canvas- tic sera are unmolested iu the performance of op their duties. Should thcro be any grounds en af suspicion of fraudulent counting on either Dt tide, it should be reported and denounced at aneo. No mau worthy of the office of Prcs- fei ident would bo willing to hold the office if cai jouutcd in, placed there by fraud. Either tin party can afford ta be disappointed in the result, but the country cannot afford to to have the result tainted by tho suspiciou of wi illegal or false returns. U. S. Grant." cri On the same day the following telegram III s also forwarded to Gen. Sherman : to ' The President thinks, and I agree with of litn, that it will be well for you to give to .he Associated Press his telegram and mine pr; o you, referring to affairs now in the -South. u?c t n v. jy. vA.urjUUii, pn "Secretary of War." thi Of the vast open-jawed aud cavcruous- bd jellied nature of this promise [ have not wl: ho heart or the time to discourse. I shall pu jontont myself with imitating the discre- wa .ion ot Mr. Ilodman, who, returning home tin >nc night fuil of tax-paid and fearing that lej lis speech would betray hiui to the many juestions of his wife, for a long while muiu- tic .aiued an obstinate silcuce, until at length, pr to end the matter, he solemnly remarked, ye 'Mrs. Rodman, you know I am a man of wl few words, and now I am plumb done talk- ve tig." That subject immediately became in: res udjudicata. I am done talking on this th subject so well calculated to make au American citizen blush. th The arguments made by the opponents wl if these bills, especially thoso of the veto fiv messages, strike me with a good deal of tul imazcincnt. To illustrate their absurdity, iu< et us frame them into the semblanco of an: mathematical propositions, thus : be Proposition First: Theorem.?The troops sei if the United States are two thousand miles iway on the frontier and could not be used Pr .u couitoi ciccnons n tney were wanted.I tar Senator from Maine. | yei The troops could not be so used if they tin (rere here, as th? )uw forbids it. I prouiiso cu to uso them.?The Prosident. Bi Ilenco it is revolutionary and dangorous Sp to liberty and the purity of elections to pass this bill forbidding such use of troops.?Q. tin E. D. St Corollaiy first.?The necessity for troops wc it tho polls to secure fair elections is in uc proportion to the squares of the distance of their present location, t. c., the greater the wl distance the greater tho necessity. pr Corollary second.?The necessity for the th presence of troops at the polls is also iu proprotion to the legal inability to use them pe if they wero present, and if tho President ti< is determined not to use them at all to con- tu trol elections, thun the necessity becomes al< absolute. th Corollary third.?The revolutionary and cli dangerous character of a law consists iu the in tact that it is useless, there bemg already in in existence laws sufficient to effect the pur- tc pose. tii Scholium.?In the abovo it is assumed ui uxiomutically that the terms "liberty" aud ai "purity of election" aro synonymous with tt the tern "Republican party." [Prolonged as laughter.] st Proposition Second: Theorem.?The vi right of citizens of the United States to vote n shall not be deuied or abridged by tho w United States or by any State on account tl of race, color or previous coudition ofservi- r< tude. a; Skc. 2. Congress shall have power to en- I force this article by appropriate legislation, ii The fifteenth amendment quoted by the President. u Tho Supreme Court, in the United States p against Cruikshank, aud in Myers us. Hap- c persett, have declared that the only right o guaranteed by this amendment is the right e that citizens shall not be discriminated v against on account of race, color or prcvi- t ous condition of servitude. Hence "national c legislation to provide safeguards for free and s honest elections is necessary, as experience a has shown, not only to secure the right to <. vote to the enfranchised race at tho South, < ut aUo to pee TAB ft fmiflpoft voting hi 3 tho largo cUioo> of th?|?*|h.''~-Tbe pi Corollary first.?if JoU mith gets drunk *Jr an oJo^D^io . North ft tarolina and punqheo* ppflV head, ho hi ntnediateljr, bv .PrenideotUaHk, bocomes oi, ie State of Nortlif Caroljq^Hwtdied in sa ie flesh, and he, or it, against th 10 aaid ocgro within lh* of *H?? institution, and thq .gy|i -aoKtt called oh >r at oucc. * . si Corollary ?eetm???If it man mi hose head is punched by fljEembodu-d tntc of ia. a a i iscriminution all the sane, provided tne us tid white man was about to vote or had Ai jtcd the Republican ticket, that being the in uo meaning and interpretation of the thi ords "race, color or previous condition of uic rvitudc." to Cnrnllnrti /A.W T# A. 11 ........?iununo uvcesganiy 01 at if a New York repeator voto the Demo- coi atic ticket five times in one day he be- ale mcs likewise the great Slat# of New Y^ork boi ucluding the Senator), or, 9 conocr?o,yhQ it i oat State of New York becomes the re- mil ator, and by so wiring ho discriminates of lie Lord knowslio*') against the right of wh uiebody (the Lord knows ^ho) to vote uui account of race, color or previous coudi- har m of servitude; and the only avenue hut encd up by which this guarantee can bo to 4 forced is to send in the army and Johnny 01 ivenport. [Laughter.] 1 Scholium ?The "previous condition" re- as red to in the foregoing is that of llcpub- mai nisui, and implies also preseut condition ; late ut is, being a Republican. of Scholium tecoml.?Enforcing the right mei vote by soldiers is not on "interference ty th elections." she Scholiun third.?This doctrine of "dis- rev initiation" does not apply to the State of uia 1-1--J ?1 ? L!'- ' " ' - iVUli inuiuu, Wliuru U WIIIIU Ulau S riglll OS I vote may be freely abridged ou account per bis present condition of impccuniosity. a fi Proposition third : Theorem.?"The fatl ictico of tacking to appropriation bills as ] iasurcs not pertinent to such bills did uot gua ivail until more that forty years alter "uc 3 adoption of the constitution. It has tcr, come a common practice. All parties the len in power have adopted it. The cat blic welfare will be promoted in many arn ys by a return to thy early practice of on! e government and the true principles of us, ;islation."?The President. anc llence the practice of tucking legisla- ma in to appropriation bills having been acticcd by ull parties for nure than Gfty po; ars, it should be immediately abaudoued cn< ten disagreeable to tho President or iu- at nient to the party, its antiquity not be- the g sufficient to justify it, [though greater mo an the period of its non-use. ev< Corollary Jirst.?It follows, therefore, Th at the practice of using troops at the polls, sut lich did not prevail for more than seventy- tioi e years after the adoption of the consti- Sea lion, should now becouio of general and istr lispensablo use ; fourteen years being of iply sufficient time to legalize it, and it tak inir now absolutely newmari/ fr?r itin nm. " J ? f" vation of the Republican party. fau Scholium.?For the purposes of the next the esidential election fourteen years ef mili- tho y interference are equal to seventy-five arti sirs of free and unrestrained elections, on boa a well-established principle "that cir- sha instances altor cases." (The Lawyor's wai ill vs. Farmer's Ox, 1 Webster's El. the ell.) to1 N. B.?It is said on high authority that ' o Secretary of War and the Secretary of me ate once held this problem unsound, but thi re coerced into assenting to it by party Pr cessity. But quicn subc! [Laughter.] we So much for the absurd deductions the tich may to logically drawn from the ars emiscs contained in tho veto messages and fro c argumeuts of Senators. wo Now, Mr. President, why should not the be ace at the polls and the purity of clcc- civ >ns be intrusted to tho authority, the vir- ovt a and the patriotism of the States, where rei uuc our utut'ia piticcu it ; ia i? uoo?u?i. o? e States are unable with their civil ma- Dc tincry to priscrvcthc peace? They have fei variably proven able'in the past, except as cases of such unusual violence as is con- th mplntcd in the constitution?article 4, see- cci du 4. Are they unwilling ? Surely they wi o willing to preserve their autonomy of id perpetuate their own existence. Are di< icy corrupt ? Surely, if their inhabitants, sti i citizcus of the States, arc too corrupt for Is ilf-governmcnt, it is not possible that their tit irtuc should bo improved and their coriptions cease the moment they are invested su ith authority by the United States. On m le contrary, there is always found less of th isponsibility and more of corruption in ps ggregated than is separate communities.? g;i low can a corrupt State officer become an bj icorruptible Fodernl officer? tli To suppose tbat the States are either sc liable, unwilling or too corrupt to bold ki eaceful and honest elections is to do- fu lare unmistakably that the people there- g< f arc capable self-government. "Let n acli Senator have written on his brow a ybat ho thinks of the republic," said [1 he Senator from New York, quoting the ai Id Roman. So say I. Let each Senator w ay for himself what he thinks of his State; tl ire its people incapable of self-government; C >f choosing their rulers peaceably and hou- e *slly ? For one, f can say with i?n?peaka- I 4 !e prido and with abeoluto truth thai the stun toala of the State of )^o?th Carolina, who neat ut me here, are able, willing and virtuous obli idogh to fulfill tbeae awl all the othof high you motions of firee govprmneut; that they to at ire ever done so aiaoe the keel* of Hal- then gh'a ?hipe first grated upon the white show ads of her shores, and, God hewing them, lodg ?T and their children will eont?)ue to do the i , if wot destroyed b^oontraliaation, until audi taoa shall come again. It is with extreme uWe (House that I hear any otbet Senator Ipti- lord fcte that it is not so with his people. . [Lai Mr. President, did You ever ooneWer for A es to which we are subjecting the soldier? mltt< ad did you ever thiak that all this uieatis, coun fact, the failure of the civil authority, Iiest at our liberties are^dcclining moro and coufl >re as wo employ foroe ? Sir, in the uses from which we put the soldiers I am reminded const what I read about the bamboo in Asiatic tatioi lutries. It is said that the uatives do ture aost everything with that wonderful nr- stato rescent grass. When young aud tender in th s made into houses and boats, astrono- had r :al instruments, ornamental work, yards in de: vessels, aqueducts, rain-clonks, water- ''and eels, feuco-ropos, chairs, tables, hats, aud proph uronas, laus, pipes, cups, shields, tool- our ] idles, lauip-wicks, paper, kuives, aud a cease* idred other thiugs. In this way it secins have 1'uut;t;?u8 [n addition to their legitimate business' fflfci defenders of the country, wo have peoph io of thcui Governors of States, legis- n.ot gi >rs, orgauicers of Legislatures aud judges Mr. I1 the election and qualifications of the desire tubers thereof, judges of law and equi- ment and of the crimiuul courts, policemen, the li riffs, marshals and deputy marshals, aorroi cnuc officers and still-house hunters, whicl nagers of railroads, controllers of church- heart md of schools, justices of the pcaco, su- tionnl visors of election, mathematicians to see as p lir count, protectors of witnesses, foster- Then tiers of returning boards, aud, above all, this o Republican propagandists. Iu the lau- ciliati ige of the sewing machine companies, by th > family should bo without ono," [laugh- the ,] this Republican political bamboo. Is ship 1 re not great danger ? Does it not indi- reuici e the decay aud the disuse of the civil aftlict i of the law, which is the natural and and li y safe protector of our liberties ? Let terioi sir, discard this miserable bamboo policy nnto 1 ccusc to make the suldicr our political night id of all work. ble ri Mr. President, it seems to mo that the soarc fition of the Republican party iu refer Virg 2e to tho use of soldiers and supervisors Dens the polls, on the pretense of preserving the 1 ; puui-u auu securing iree elections, is the swop st remarkable one that reasonable mcu armii ;r assumed. It may bo formulated thus : bo ce e elections shall be frco if we have to the t< round the polls with bayouets ; the elcc- Wnvi as shall be according to the laws of the so la ites if we havo to overawe the civil mag- while ates and State officials by an exhibition shock power; the elections shall be pure if it lines es Davenport and all the convicted crim- these Is and occupants of all the dens of in- Resto ly in our great cities to manage theui ; her. blcctions shall be unforced and without theso appearance of violence if a battery of mitte< illcry has to be trained on every ballot i in the land; and lastly, tho election III ill be fair if wo have to arrest without grapl rrant, and imprison without bail, until to sp< i elections arc over, every man who tffers years rote the Democratic ticket. this 3 The speeches of Republican Senators field, an this, the vetoes of the President mcau every s, and they mean uiore than this, Mr. We 1 esident. In effect they say that unless that, can use the army at the polls we will let of co s army dissolve; we will leave our forts and spot enals ungarrisoned ; we will strip tho yield: ntiera of all protection, and let the men. Ahoi men and children of that border country and t slaughtered and scalped, and tho un- the s eckcd savago exteud his barbarous sway wher er all that laud of promise, ouce more cow-] jiittcd to its ancient wildness. We will coun * J. ?U L ? .. IMS Uwmw MM W. .s m nnoerutic members of Congress, who of- large ed us the rnonej to support this army, sand; the authors of this disaster. All these ago, ings will we do rather than lose our chan- ever; s to count in the next President, and we hcav 11 cover the facts and obscure the logic ougli the case by rciuflaming the bitter preju- not ces of the war in the hearts of our con- Mon tuents ! Can it be possible to do this? there to be no end to passion , no rcstora- B jn of reason ? We shall see. wayi I confess that I do not believe these ab- to tl ird methods of dealing with the American est a ind can much longer prevail. I rogard bear em as the desperate efforts of a sinking hour irty, and I believe tho people w:!l so re- duri ird them. I have been much touched placi f the affectionate warnings given us by put 10 other sido that we were ruining our- salt Ives in trying to repeal these laws. 1 he aboi ind-hcartccl Senator from Michignn noti- fully <1 us frankly that if we persisted wo would Cov< ) down in to the waters of oblivion to rise or f D more forever. lie did not even givo us chance at the general resurrection ? T Laughter ] It secmod to distress him.? way nd if I thought it was truo prophecy, I kim rould freely mingle my tears with his at or c lie contemplation of so dire a calamity.? till Jandor compels nic, liowovor, to acknowl* ag? dge that I cannot reciprocate his charity. VVn f I thought the Krpnhlienn party were 9 d ding upon tho brink of a precipice, bo* ,h which soothed thooe cold waters of rion, instead of wsroiog then}, J pledge niy word I woold try to iuduoo them op over tho edge?in fad, I might lend a a push. [Laughter.] At least I ild feel as indifferent abon? it as thatcr at an inn did, who was uwakeood in sight.when tho meteors wore failing, told that tho day of judgment had oonae. ill, well," said he, testily, 'Hell tho landabout it; I am only a boarder."? ighter.] nd now, Mr. President* If the breath ihiml tr Uv>? a* hedv unj-Israg pftr-. ' id to My but onewwrdos to what my try most needed, that word should be, ! Rest from strife, rest from sectional ict, rest trorn sectional bitterness, rest inflammatory appeals, rest from this ant, most unwiso and unprofitable agii, Rest in all lands and in all literals used as a symbol of the most perfect of felicity which uiaukiud can attain is world and tho next. ' And tho Innd est," said tho old Hebrew chroniclers scribing the reign of their good kings; his real shall be glorious," says tho ict Isuiuh iu foretelling' the coming of Lord, when Ephraim should have 1 to envv .Tiidnh ?nil ?'1 ^ ?? VUUUU DUUUIU ceased to vex Ephraim. aven itself is described ns rest?n< JHLeary arc at rest."? 3 of God," snith the apostle. "Oan tro* ivo this rest to our people ? I know, 'resident, that those from whom I couio i it abovo lheir chiof joy. Tho cxcitcthrough which they have passed for ist twenty years, the suffering and thow, the calamity, publio and private,. 1 they have undergone have filled their' s with indescribable yearnings for naI peace, for a complete moral as well: hysical restoration of the Union. 5 is one policy, and but one, to effect >bject. und that is tho policy of conon, of restoration, so steadily pursued e Democratic statesmen and people of Torth. It is the only true stntcsmanror our condition, tho only genuino ly for the hard times with which we od. Nature everywhere teaches it, icr thousand agencies, silent and mysis, constantly inculcate it, evou as day day uttcrctn speech and night unto ftllAW0t.ll If tlAtvlorl rrt\ frnao ?uv II luu^ui VIVDO t U IO UU" vcr which flows by our capital and* h for the battle fields of blood-watered inia. You scarce can find them.? c forests of young saplings cover all liills and plains that were so lately t bare by marching and encamping -,s. "For there is hope of a tree if it it down that it will sprout again, aud ender branch thereof will not cense." ing seas of wheat cover the open fields tcly plowed by tho bursting shells charging battalions met in deadly; and green grass has so covered the of intrenchment as to givo them nil1 icuiing of the cunning farmers' ditches, ration is nature's law. Let us imituto God of all mercy and graco, may not gaping wounds of civil wan bo parrel to heal, if they will ? saw Manuiiino Pays.?A para-i from the New York Tribune refers jts of clny soil, heavily manured thirty ago, yielding far henvicr in wheat rear than other portions of the samo This may bo observed on almost' old farm, and on all kinds ef soil.? mow a field of light sandy or gray land, without manure, will not yield u bale tton to five acres, and yet there is a on it of perhaps half an acre, thats at the rate of a bale to tho acre.? .t l ... !-- i?j ? > it tuitjf yuara agu imj lanu wascieureu icttled. It was creek hammock, and pot which still yields so handsomely ise the settler had his barn, stables, and' [>ei?. Mr. John G. DeUo, of Thomas ty, told us of a similar instanco on his spot appeared To " hig^elQV'oii'a'fiflt ol y loam, where, more than twenty years a large number of cattle were penned y night. These facts indicate that y manuring will pay; that once thorily done it will last for many years, if for a lifetime.?Southern Farmer's thly. ?#? aked Beans are prepared in n.any j, from the elaborate Boston style down iat adopted in Connecticut, as the casiind most practicable. Take small white is; soak them overnight; boil them an ', having drained the water off twice ng that time, and having supplied its e with cold water woll salted. Then them in a baking dish (with a piece of wnvlr in I Yini miilat \ T t . k /. >!<! V. /v puia Jill tuuil UJIUOV Jl DUUUIU Uu it four inches square and its top caref cut into fine plaids with a sharp knife, er the beans with water, aud bako three our hours in a moderately-heated oven. 'here is a cheap, simple, and efficient to cure sore backs aud old sores of any i. Tnkc white oak bark, peel the roes mtside off, add water, and boil it down it is as black as ink. When cool, add to illon of the bark extract two onnces alum, ish the effected part two or three times* ay ?nt?l cored.