Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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^ TIE WEEIElllIOS TIMES. ' I ^ ^ $<t?otqd to g^nliurc, ^oliti^ai"! tlig Current ^tos of the jpiijj. pal Church was hold as usual, and St. Luke't ' Church was tolerably filled. The congregutiou was composed chiefly o( ladies, to which circumstance perhaps may be attributed the mauuer in which a subject requiring the most bonviucing and severest logic was handled by the preaclici of the day, the Rev. Dr. Prentiss. The subject was the Identification of the Lost Ten Tribes of Israel with the Anglo-Saxou race now resident in Great Britain and in this country. The subject was new to the audience, none of the clergy of the church iu this city having as yet brought it to the notice of their congregations. Sympathizing with the preacher of the day in his views and efforts, I hope you will allow me to reduce his matter into a more systematic and logical arrangement than his limited time and peculiar audicnccd seemed to justify bint iu even attempting. And here I would remark, at the outset, that in all ^ investigations upon this subject it is of the ^ utmost importance to remember, that in prophetic writings the descendants of Abraham appear us two distinct nationalities. To coufound Judah, or the Jews proper, with Kphraim, Israel, or the Ton Tribes, or sOl* of Isaac, as they arc sometimes caiied io the Scriptures, is to confuse the prophecies and render pLin words un intelligible. In many places iu the prophetic writings these two peoples are brought into sharp and distinctive contrast. In the same sentence one people are cursed and some other people called by God "my servants" are blessed. This different nationality can only be the Ten Tribes, because no other nations on the fuco of tho earth were at fl.o of tho prophecy even protending to serve Jehovah, except these two people of Judah and Kphraim. Talcc for example Isaiah, G5th chapter, 13th to 15th verses: "Therefore thussaith tho Lord God: Behold my servant# (Kphraim) shall eat, but ye (Judah) shall bo hungry. Behold my servants (Kphraim or the Ten Tribes) shall driuk, but ye (Judah 1 shall belhirstv. "H<?. hold iny servants (Kpbraim) shall rejoice, but yo (Juduh) shall be ashamed. Behold my sorvuuts (Israel, Ephraitn or the Teu Tribes) shall siug for joy, but ye (Juduh) shall cry for sorrow of heart and shall howl for vexation of spirit. Arid ye (Judah) shall leave your name for a curse unto my chosen (Ephruiuo,) for the Lord God shall slay theo (Juduh) aud cull his servants (Ephraitn) by auother name." Here,then, we have curses upon Judah and blessings upon Ephraitn joined together, and beginning at the same. If, therefore, wo can ascertain at what tiutc the curse begins to descend upon Judah, wo discover, necessarily, tho lime when the blessing upon Ephraim commences. Now tho curso begins to descend euiDhut ically upoa Judah, or the Jevrs proper, in A. D. 70, when Titus took Jerusalem; and of necessity, the blessing upon Ephraitn also. It is evident, from Afcts 24, Gth and 7th verses, that the Apostle Paul well kucw tho placo of Ephraiin's residence, and their religious character and condition. It is evident from 1st Peter 1, 1, that they were dispersed throughout Pontus, Galatin, Cnppadocia. Asia, (ltoman, or Proconsular Asia,) and Bythinia, and also from verse 8th, thnt they hud embraced Christianity. They had not consouted unto the crime of Judah in crucifying the Lord of Glory, but had received the Gaspel with avidity ; denouncing the Mosaic ritual and religion, finding the law a yoke which neither they nor their fathers could bear, thev wero in danger of rushiug into the opposite error of Antinomianisui, against which St James in his Epistle Addressed to thcui, (see 1st iT chapter, 1st verse,) cautions and reproves them. Joseph us, who lived about this time, testifies that the Ten Tribes were then resident in the Eust, and were a multitude which no man could uuuiber. From this time they begin to be called by another name.? Abandoning all their Jewish peculiarities, losing even their distiuotivo physiognomy, they become lost, while yet "the show of his countenance" continues to testify agaiust Juduh for his rejection of the Messiah. Now, to fiud those Lost Tribes, it is only vecessary to ascertain their history, character and condition, as these are described in prophecy, and see whether there be any people ou the earth who can meet the requirements. The people that fills the prophet's bill is Ephraim. Hoses (1st chapter 10th verse) gives us the first mark by whioh we are to know them. Thev are to k dwell iu 60too country ia which they arc f not to bo recognized as the people of God, (i. e. as Israelites,) but these are to be noted for their religion. Thero it shall bo said unto theua, *'Ye are the sons of the living God." This land of their new habitation is in sular, and in theso islands the exhausted people are to find "rest and to "renew their strength." (Isaiah, 41?1.) See the whole chapter. In this country they "shall lift up their voico from the sea," nnd "glo ^ zify the nam: of the Lord God of Israel ir ^ ^^^^^^Uo^of^licse islands is northwest of 1'alcstino. fee Jeremiah, 3?18. and Isiah, 43?5. In this land God "speaks to . them by another narno." Ilcro a partial i blindness (as to their ancestry) "happens unto them." (Romans, 11?25) Here r God promises to lead these "blind by a way i that they know not of." Here, truo to i their national instincts, they yearu after an | acknowledged relationship with Jehovah, saying: "Doubtless those are our father, i through Israel acknowledge us not." Here they are to increase wonderfully, "to bo like the sand of the sea, which canuot be measi urcd." (Hosea, 1?10.) So large is their [ increase that, when God gathers thcui again i into their own land, He can only take "one i of a city and two of a family" to restoro them to Zion. They aro to become a muli tude of nations, overflowing into colonies. because their place is too strait for them, i Ouo remarkable colony they aro to lose, i (Mannssah or the United States,) but after they have lost this "the children which she shall havo shall say tho place is too strait for mo." Isaiah 49?20. In order to aid them in subduing wnain ? <! ? ? -? ^ . mw?v uuvi vtvoviuiv; |> iiiufn | by their colouics, their physical coostitution ' is to adapt itself to all countries so that "the sun shall not "hurt thcui by day neither the moon by night." In this insular residence they aro to be unconquerable; "no weapon formed against them is to prosper." They arc to rule the waves; "the deep is to couch beneath them." Extraordinary blessings are to attcud their agriculture, f!;oir commerce, their miuing operations (Dout. o'J, 24?10;) to be blessed in their basket and their store; in their uprising and in their down sitting; in their going out and in their coming in." Their coat-ofaruis has on it tbo Lion aud the Unicoru. Dcut. 13?17. With these horns Ephraim is to push out the aborigines of every couutry which he colonizes. The Lord is to set Epraim "high above 1 all the uations of the earth." He is to be a great banker, "lendiug to many nations, 1 and borrowing from none." lie is to be the champion of civil aud religious liberty, "to 1 break every yoke and let the oppressed go I free." They are to make much of the law, "writing it upon the posts" of tho churches. ' They aro to observe the Sabbath conspicuously. ^Ifltey aro to have an established church, bccaass their kiugs will bury their dead there; in their exile God is "to be to them a little sanctuary;" and they will worship towards Jerusalem, (i. c. to the East.) i< ina a people will) these marks and you fiud thj Lost Ten Tribes.?JVeios and Courier. WATERMELONS.-Editor Southern Cultivator.?Your correspondent J. B. S. wants the best plau for raising watermelons, and when to plant. I dou't know that I can give him the best plan or best time to plant, but will give me own plan, which has i proved quite successful. I prefer sandy soil, that grew cither sweet potatoes or cottou the year before?the uiauure to be onehalf cotton seed rnd one-half horso manure, a horse manure by itself. I never succeeded with phosphate, I break the land in February or March, iu April lay it off 8 i feet each way, dig out a hole iu each cross with a shovol, taking out about five shovels full of earth from each, put into tho holcstwo shovelfuls of manuio and i two of earth, mix both well together with i a pitch-fork, then raiso the hill a little above the level of the earth. 1 then let it remain until the first of May, when I plant one. half of my ground?the remainder to be i pluuted the middle of May. I plant ten or I twelve seed in a hill, nbaut 1 or 1} inches i deep. As soon as they get up, I hoc them; ; and continue to do so ouce a week until * they arc laid by. I plough with a shovel I plough onee in two weeks, beginning one i week after the first hoeing, until they begin I to bear. If your correspondent lives as low i down as I think, I would advise him to l plant one.month sooner. The melons must 1 be thiune-1 to two in a hill as soon as they have two leaves beside tho germ-leaf. I Anderson Co., 8. C. T. II. Hf.ns or Pullets.?For breeders, there is little question that two year-old hens are preferable to yearling pullets?where only "fancy" fowls are cultivated. The eggs of hens aro larger. They are better developed. The chicks coming from hen's eggs are always strongest, the most maturo at birth, and will grow up, geuerally speaking, more ' surely in the aggregate. But hens two or three years old will not lay so great a number of eggs as will pullets in the first twelve months after they commence to lay. In quantity, therefore, year1 ling hens will exoel; but not in quality, ' for hatching purposes. For sotting, then, we recommend eggs of year old past and two-year-old bens as the ! most reliable, where these can be had bani dily. If the novioe is oommenoing fowl1 -< ? > > u.oiug tt |>u m iiiv ui juuug 91UCI, OOWtVtr, 1 it is perhaps as well to set the ^pilots, eggs ; iu this ooso. The earliest litters a pullet lays in that ease should act be used. They - aro not so good for incubation as are the I later ones.?Poultry World. ! The cynical old cuss-tomcr on tho Hart. I ford Times says: "Wedlock is like a bird ca^c; thoso without peck to get in, and those i within peck to got out." PRUNING. The season is now at hand for couinicnc ing gardcu operations, and the first in or der is that of pruning. Most shrubs onh requiro lo bo thinned of irregular, strag gliug brunches, or of tlio suckers whici spring up from the roots. Such shrubs at boar flowers on the last years'growth shoulc be pruued back but very little, as othcrwisi they could produce but few flowers. O this class are lilacs, syvingas, spiraeas, vi burnums, culycuuthus, hydrangeas, dcutzias magnolias, rhododcudrons and azaleas.? Shrubs such as the nlthan and roses, which bear flowers on wood of this season's growth should have last year's growth well cui back, say to within three or four iuchcs ol the old wood, lloses should have the shori wood of last year's growth cut buck to tw< or three buds, and the loug shoots short 1 ?* * * * ? * " * eui-u irum uuc-inira loonc-lialt tbeir length all wood of over two years' growth shoulc bo eutirely cut out, as it uevcr produces firn blooms. Honeysuckles are generally nl lowed to become too crowded in thcii growth; they wiil bear a good deal of thin niug out, and lust year's growth should bt pruned back to within an inch or two ol the main stems. If they have from neglccl become uuked at the bottom, and only flowering at the top of the trellis, one-half ol the inaiu stems should be cut back to with iu a foot of the ground ; this will cause n new growth of young shoots to fill up the vacaucy. Wisterias should have last year's growth shortened back so as to leave outy lour to six iuchcs of it, unless they are new running stems aud it is desirablo to retain them; they may, however, be shortened back one-third their length. Atnpclopsis (Virginia creeper), bignonia (trumpet creeper), and aristolochia (Dutchman's pipe) only requiro the cutting back of the swiugiug forcright shoots, eo as to give them a n?at, tidy appearance. Akebia and clematis scarcely requre any pruning, all that is uccdcd bciug; to cut out auy interfering growth that cannot be laid in on the trellis without overcrowding. In pruning fiuit trees reference must of course bo had to the kinds, their mode of growth and of bearing. Muuy people thiuk that all the interior branches must be cut out, to give, as they suppose, plenty of light and air to the ceuter of the tree. This is nearly always carried to an extreme, and the couscqueuce is that the weight cf the foliage uud fruit is thrown upou the outci ends of The branches, so that itf Uigff wtnih or rain-storms they arc broken off at the trunk, to the eventual destruction of tlu treo. Largo branches should nevor be cut off if it can possibly be avoided; wheu it U absolutely necessary to do so, they should be cut off close to the trunk, without Laving any snags, and the wound should be covered with graftiog-wax or souie siuiilui composition to keep out tho weather. Apple, pear, cherry nud plum trees bear fruit ou spurs, and care must be had not to out them off; tho young growth upon which the spurs arc not yet formod should ouly bo shortened back about one-third of its length, as a rule, for, if shortened more than that, the whole energy of tho tree will be expended in producing now shoots instead of spurs. Quince trees produce their fruit on spurs which throw out long shoots, on the ends of which the fruit in carried; the fruit-bearing shoots of the previous year should bo shortened back to only two or three eyes, in ordcy to produce new shoots for uext year's fruiting. Pruning peach trees should be delayed until tho buds begin to swell, as then tho fruit buds cau be distinguished from the leaf buds. Very little pruning is required beyond shortening the previous year's growth and cuttiug out auy dead wood. It is especially desirable to koep them compact in shape, as the weight of tho fruit on the ends of long brauclies causes them to split off or break. Every care must bo had to so prune them as to keep the interior of tho tree supplied with young bearing wood, and this is done by shorten* ing back tho shoots sufficiently to cause the buds at the base of tho shoot to break and form new shoots; shortening back about one-half will be sufficient. There are two systems employed in pruning the grapevine; one is called the spur system and the other the long cane system. In the first tho leading cane is cut back t) thrco.or four feet, according 1 o to its strength ; the terminal bud continues the length of the cane, and should not be allowed to bear fruit; the buds below will throw out lateral shoots which will produce fruit; these aro pruned back the next senson to two or three eye$, which again produce fruit, the loader being shortened back as before, and so year after year. In the long cane system the canes aro produced oy pruniog dack to witbin two oyea of the uiaiu atom, and whon tbcy have made a yoar'a growth, leaving the stroogeet oano tc bear fruit, but ahortening it baok to three or four feet, and let the weakeat canc make a aeaaon'a growth, and then pruning it back to three or four foot the auoceeding year and outtmg baok the fruit-bearing cane t< one eyo to produce another oano, and so al ternately. The apur ayateni produces th< moat fruit, the loug oaoe ayatem the large* bunchea. The currant and the gooaebarry mainlj produce their fruit on wood that ia too 01 throe years old. After a branch has pro . L ... ^ ?J dnccd two or thrco crops of fruit it should * bo cut out and a younger one bo allowed * to" take its place. All the prining they ' require is to cut out old wood, shorteu * the younger shoots, aod remove any suckers 1 and roots that aro likely to inake two | crowded a hoad ; they should be so pruned ' and trained as to give them plenty of air 3. and light. Raspberries only require the re' movnl of tho shoots that bore fruit lastsca* son, and the shortening back of last year's ? growth one-half to one-third its length, according to the strength of the shoots.? 1 Blackberries require the same treatment. ? All pruning should be done with a prunj; ing-knifo or with pruning-shcars, bu'/never ' with hedge shears ; every branch or shoot L should be individually examined and pruned ' according to its stregth, growth, or position. * The operation should never bo intrusted to ? any but an intelligent person, or at least un dor the immcdiatc'supcrvisiou of such a ono. 5 Ignorant, stupid laborers will often do more injury in an hour at such operations than r can be remedied in a j-car; because they can handle a shovel or a hoe, it docs not j. follow that they arc gardeners, aud we therefore advise such of our readers as arc [ fond of their gardens to supervise 6uch " work themselves, unless they can got the services of a regularly-bred gardener. Uesides pruning the head or top of a tree, 1 pruning the roots is sometimes practiced to induce fruitfulness in trees that are cither iu 1 too rich a soil or in a soil that is very poor. Wheu planted in too rich a soil, fruit trees arc apt to make too strong a growth aud run too uiueh to wood. Pruning the tops oi heads of the trees in such eases docs not make them fruitful, but has a tendency to | aggravate the trouble by causing the tree ' to throw out large numbers of new shoots in directioidt where they arc not wauted. To couutcract this a trench about eighteen iuches or two feet wide aud of corresponding depth, accoring to the age aud size of the tree, should be dug out half way rouud the tree, the roots should be carefully pruued , with a sharp kuife, and the trench filled . up with fresh soil, but of poor quality ; rotted sods or tbe surface soil of au old uieadow soil being excellent for this purpokc; this ucw ' must be firuily troddcu dowu as it is tlirowu in. The next season the same operation must be performed on -the other half of the circle. The distance of the trench from the trunk of tho tree must be goverucd by the spread of the brauches and the age of tho. | tree; gcuorally the t ruuch may be dug at ' one-third or one half the spread of the trec?iu youug trees nearer than in older ones. If the suil is naturally poor and caunot bo j readily enriched in any other way, this operation will also bo ot great service, only ' filling up the trench with rich soil, or that uiore suitable to tho tree than that iu which it is planted. By theso means the | growth of a treo may be readily controlled, aud far less pruning of the top be required The pruning knife and shears will never ' produce fruitfuluess unless the roots, which promote the growth of the top, aro also uudor control.?Harper * Bazar. Items from tiie American Agriculi turist:?Flax?This crop promises to become a staple, East as well as West, us flax manufacturing is becoming established. Low, moist ground, newly cleared swamp or uicadow-land suits flax exactly. In the West, fresh prairie is suitable. 1 bushel , of seed per ncic should be sown this month. Ralsimj Calves.?To purchase improved stock, requires much money. But tho . same result may be gained by keepiug a well seiccicu uuu auu raising llie nciier calves with care. Calves will tlirivo well when taught to drink from the pail the third day. It is well for them to suck the cow and soften the udder, for three or four days. Cutcs.?There is no better feed, as a stoady diet for cows, than grass ; but there maybe cases in which eotne stimulating food may bo used with benefit. Early grass is not healthful, boing immature and too laxativo. It would bo better to follow the old English practice in this respect, and uot turn cows to grass until May. Mayday is an ancient farmer's holiday on this account in England, and we might well follow their practice. This, of course, refers to localities with tho same seasons? earlier at tho south, and even later at tho far north. Iforses.?As the coat begins to loosen, the skiu is often irritable. This may be corrected by gifing in tho food daily one ounce ot an equal mixture of sulphur and cream of tartar for a few days. Good grooming with a sol brush and a blunt 1 curry-comb should not be negleoted. If the gums are swollen, rub them with a oorn1 oob dipped in powdered borax Cleanliness > is a great preventive of disease. As the > weather becomes warmer, more oats, rye, or 1 barley, and less corn may be fed. An oc1 casional feed of cut ruta bagas will be use> ful. | Brood Mare*.?As foaling approaches, brood marcs should be turned into a loose ~ box. The extra exercise is beneficial and they rest moro at ease. Their work should bo lightened. The most gentle treatment should be exercised; the temper of the colt ' often depends upon this. A few more subscribers wanted. ROTATION OF CHOPS ESSENTIAL TO KEEP UP FERTILITY OF BOIL8. The necessary steps toward an improved husbandry are: 1. To cultivate less land. 2. To uiake that which is cultivated rich iu plant food, so that it may produce large crops. 3. The practice of a rigid system of rotation of orops, and mixed farming. 4. The cultivation of the grasses and less of hoed crops aud feeding upon the farm the most of its products. 5. Enriching the laud by turning under green crops. All observation and experience go to show that those sections of the country are most prosperous where a mixed system of farming prevails. The farmer who finds in his owu garners that which is needed to supply his daily wants, is far removed from tho vexation and losses attendant upon outside purchases, which so severely tax his means. It is not unfrequcntly the case, when be produces but a single article for tho market, that it commands a price which but poorly compensates him for his labor, while he has to pay exorbitant prices for that which he is compelled to purchase. This is ? MW"luo the hide for a penny, and buying back the tail for a shilling," which surely is not a profitable transaction. Mixed agriculturo ucccssurily leads to a system of rotation of crops, which is the key to successful farming. That there is a vast recuperative power in lauds where a succession of different crops is grown no one can deny in the light of universal experience. Thousands of those who have hitherto devoted themselves to a single production?cotton, tobacco or graiu?now acknowledge this error. Succcsivo crops of the same oharacter exhaust lauds of the particular food whey require, with great rapidity. The aid whicb nature so freely renders, where crops rotate, is withheld in such a system of cultivation, because the farmer is violating her laws.? To fight against nature is to war at fearful; odds, and it is not difficult to forcoast tho result. To work in harmony with her, insures a comparatively easy victory. Onoof the most beautiful of her provisions is, that while one crop exhausts the soil o! that I element which enters most largely into its I composition, by the operation of seme mysterious law it prepares that same soil for some other crop of a different character.? This is a very curious and interesting proI nnao aP nnf ,,, 1, I -U ? ,A- * vwa vi uuvuig, nuivu ivauus lutmenaiy to our ndvautaab if vrc expect her aid. As an illustration of this principle, wo know that clover, docs, not sucoessfnlly follow itself, although it leaves the ground in the best possible condition for corn or wheat. One crop, therefore, restores, in a measure, what another has taken.? By raising continuously the same plant; you interfere with this beautiful eoutrivanco of nature to rebuild her wasted strength. Nature, therefore, will do much of our work fur us if we only second her efforts, and give full scope to her beneficent laws. It is, therefore, a question for the farmer to determine whether hs will, by a rotation of crops, have soil thus enriched by drafts on nature's treasury or draw entirely upon his own. I do not mean to argue that there is nothing for the farmer to do to make his lands productive. Far from it. But I do argue that he may make nature a co-worker with him iu attaining a desirable end.? Chango is a prominent feature in nature's economy. Cut down the forest of hard wood aDd the pines succeed. Again, remove the pine aud the hard wood reappears. Ono kind of grass succeeds another, and nature supplies the seed. These changes give tho soil rest, to the end that the process of rcinvigoration may go on. Day and night succeed" each other, and each performs its function in promoting vegetable ' life. Eternal sunshine would result in eternal blight. Tho falling dew brings with it the nitrogen from the air to gladden vegetation. The sun appears. Its light and heat liberate the acids and gases which enter upon their work of usefulness in preparing a variety of vegetable food. Winter and summer follow each other. Frost disintegrates and renders the earth porous, opening me way lor tbe heat and moiaturo of summer, so that chemical laws may work out their beautiful results. Thus unceasingly, year after year, the silent agencies aro at work preparing the earth for man's uso that it may bring forth abundantly of everything whioh is necessary for his support* ? Wm. Fuller ton tu New York World. A Mother's Influence.?Thomas II. Benton paid the following tribute to his mother: "My mother asked me never to uso tobacco, and I have never touched it from that time to the present day. She asked me not to game, and I have not, and I cannot tell who is winning or who is losing ,i.? I I -? "> u guiuca ?u*v wu lk3 piayeu. oaf aaiDQQished me, too, gainst drinking, and whatever capacity for euduranoa I may have at present, and whatever usefulness I may attain in life, I attribute to having complied with her pious and eorrect wishes. When I was seven years of age the asked me not to drink, and then I made a resolution of total abstinence, at a time when I was sole constituent, adhered to it through all time, I owe to my mother." ? Lawyers are never more earnest than when they work with a will?that is, if tho ostato is valuablo. ? *