Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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m xn? uerscy 18 an old fashion breed of iBCWti, having been bred for over a century ono of the channel islands? he. Island fof Jersey. The nauio.^ldcracy has been :given them in the United States, but we ocan see no reason for it, or find any authorjity for the name. Whcn'*lirst brought to Inotico the Jersey is said to have been a ^ ^scraggy, owe necked, hollow backed, high jptpped, flat sided" creature, and for a long . ftinie vory little progress was made in rounding ujl her form; but man being a progresi . 'flivo .Creature has a way of combining the beautiful tfrith the useful, and by judicious i*>?.\;?oleclion8, with a close adhcrcncota^Uifti ( . jml utWni0 iSWlflfJ lurf ? "v pipshictied a beautiful nuimal out of tho ^ t?f nnciCnt Jersey cow, and now she lias "tho '<.? * head of a fawn, a solt eye, an elegant cruuip horn, small ears, a clean ucck and throat, . 'jfinc bones, a fine tail," etc. The points fire too numerous to give here. The. Jersey s a batter cow. This is her.strongest and snost important good quality, and there is mo doubt that she will give more butter tfraiii a given quantity of milk than any koowu breed of cows. Somo advocates of other breeds claim that the Jersey butler *Ul uot kcop as long as the butter from fotker breeds of cows, but this is only a 'hotion, and lacks confirmation ; however, <?ftYiowing it to be an established fact, iteouhts nothipg in my opinion, for old butter is not i at all a favorite of mine. The Jersey is by *no means an inferior milk cow ; the yield "^"^ofjjitlk is from three to six gallons per day, r?*Am A * HUV?ivui yuo anu ^ uau IU IWU mifk will yield one pound of the richest JortBgo colored butter. It is clniuicd .upon ?good authority that the milk of an average * Jersey cow will yield 300 pounds of butter ? In n year. While recognizing tho charac ' tcristie points of excellence of other breeds, <tho superior merits of the Jersey cow as a butter pioduccr, in point of quality and quantity, stands at the head of the list; .nud there is an aroma, a color, and a texturo to their butter that cannot be found in that of any other. The most famous 1 Jersey cow of which [have any knowledge J is owned by Mr. Charles O. Klleins, of Citnatc, Mass. Mr. Klleins has refused .85000 for "Jersey^ llell." In ten d^s ced!lfer"6hty. quarts wcro required.? . "Thfi Jersey cow is kind and gentle; rather ' nmnllr>r (linn Hin A ?l>uta tuU 4JLJ VtOllllU j \J I till VUlI'lflj 1 i but fawn color is the fancy color, Both ** Aycrshires anif Jerseys breed various colors and aro just as pure and thoroughbred as thoso of the fancy colors. They can also be pure without being registered, but it i would be advisablo to buy unregistered * stock of a reliable breeder. You will havo to pay more for pedigreed and fancy colored - J stock, and probably not get a better animal. 'The Jersey is becoming a great favorite i and is being j-apidly introduced by our i Southern farmers. It will pay any farmer to pay tho prioc for a good tljorowgkbrod . , v bull to cross on his nrtfvo "flfhero - ' aro no-Jerseys in this cfltlnly" that t know' , of, but I have seen some fine specimens in Fairfield county. Now, Mr. Editor, will yon be kind onough to allow mo to digress and say that a staked and ridered fence twelve rails high, _u:i : * * htuiiu wrjr important, aocs not make a good I cow posture. From my observation this high fence is all the recommendation more than half of the cow pastures have, and if j there is no other provision made, souio cows aro obliged to starve. Now is a good time . to commence preparation for a lucerne patch. ^Makc a pen just largo enough for the num* ber of cows on hand and wlion the pen is f very rich, move to a new pon adjoining tho ' old. Keeping this moving up to September or October, then prepare thoroughly and plant Income; no crop will pay as well. Glover will do, but lucerne will furnish moro feed than any grass that grows, lieunmbMo , ?? pared well, and success is almost cortaiu.? ltULANDER, in Chester Reporter. 4 ? Clover is regarded as among tho very best of fertilisers, especially for exhausted soils, by several correspondents of tho jf World, as shown fro^n their recent contributions, and hero is a strong corroborativet* ecnWrtUfta by a writer in the Vermont Freetmtk"I claim that I can take a field that * has become so exhausted in fertility that it > 1 will not produce a profitable crop of any4 thing'without a heavy dressing of manure, And in two year's time I will make it fertile. with clover alone tfnd without any manure whatever, except what the roots of the ulorcr and clover green crop turned under ^ way There m om perception that a horse pos^ aesto* to which littto attention has been paid, ?nd &at U the ptiw&rof s?cnt. With apme Mtrsef it is acute, as with a dog; and f?Klp tXtfrttV those who havo to drive flight, such as physieiaus and othors, this Mipgc i% invaluable. Never check horse at night, but give him a free n#f, and you may rest assured that he will v *, off the road, and will carry you >^P^wioosly and safe. sv. it . uvaiio***JAfADI JfEAS. When 1 first cam# in possession of my farui L committed a radical error in ploughing too deep. The former cultivation had scarcely reached the depth of live inches, and I commenced hy ploughing from nine to ten inches. The result of turning up so much of the subsoil at once, was to make the field almost barren for the time. That year's experience convinced me that not much more thnu ono inch of crude subsoil should be turned up at one time. It is possible that with fall plowing and a liberal dressing of some good manure a person might venture to turn up a little Tue^s^Tf'th^^ul^^ufpfowfvdvfd^tiw but docs not turn the subsoil. But the ! great difficulty is, that it requires an extra hand and team to accomplish this, and comparatively few fafbiors arc before hand enough to take the necessary time in plowing season to do it . So that the most practical plan of deepening soil, and tho one which most, of ' ? " " ... uui iuiuiui? win nnti it cnsy an<l economical to adopt, is that of plowing a little deeper every year until a depth of ten or twelvo inches is reached. Old fields that have been loug under cultivation havo a hard pan, very hard to break when the | plow has slided along for many consocutivc I years. Such lands are best broken in the winter, when too wet to plow at any other time. The plow may then be readily forced into the hard pan, and the labor both of team and plowman will be much lighter than if the ground was dry. The subsckqu?ut freezes will loosen the soil and prevent any ill effects from plowing wet. Jjfft ITand Plotcs.?While on the subject of plowing, I wish to say a word in favor of left, hand plows. For many reasons they are to be preferred to right hand plows.? The lead horse walking in the furrow makes the cut of the plow uniform and prevents the little crooks and nooks so common in lands plowed with right hand implements. Another very decided ail vantage is, that the horses can turn hard all the lime and , never trample on the plowed ground, and ; the headlands are left light and nice?the only obj action is. that-it is soinowlmf. .litli. , cult to bring the land out right, as you commence in the middle instead of upon the edge. But a little experience will overcame the difficulty.?Planter ami Farmer. ") , \* r HSfrl x*u?Jonathan It. Bass, of Cambria, Niagara ceuuty, lia$ not a joint in his body, lie went to bed in 1857 and has never been out of it since. Ho cannot move even a finger. He ran as captain of a canal boat between Buffalo and Rochester in 1850, and was getting stiff then. When lie could not do any work he had to quit canalling, and then went to bookkeeping. His joints kept getting ftiffer and stiffer. The doctors could do him no good, and at last he had to give up, and, after twenty-one years, he has been abed at the farm homestead of his family, between Lockport and Lcwiston. His trouble commenced with a pain shooting through the bottom of his right foot, that tumbled him to the ground. The foot commenced to swell and got to be almost twice its natural size. iStitfucss in the joints fol- | lowed. Now Baas is literally a bone niMii. There is no more bend to his legs, arms and body, than there is to a murble statue. His arms are as fast to his sides as if they were nailed thcro. For eight years after he went to bed he could move his arms, but the joints finally became solid bone. They navo to feed him with a spoon. His jaws are as immovable as his other joints.? Thero is a space between his teeth that is just wide enough to get food through. In 18f?9 he became blind. His mind is sound, but he speaks with difficulty. 4 nr ? ?' ' *v u uku tti i'amii.1 ks.?folding proscots a sadder couimeuiary upon the present condition of society than the largo number of families, both in town and country, but more especially in the latter, that subscribe to no papor of any kind. Hundreds and thouaauds of families are thus growing up Utterly ignorant of what is transpiring in the world around them?ignorant of the mighty events of the day. Hut who can teli the vast amount of injury that is being inflicted on the rising generation?those who are to take our places in the busy world at no distant day?growing up without any knowledge of the present, and study of the past; this ignorance, too, being imbued into them by the sanction of those who should, and doubtless do, know better, did they only think of the injurious effects of their iflsanc course. Let the head of every family think of this, and nlaee in the hands of those for whom ho is responsible tho means of acquiring some knowledge of the moving panorama in which wo act the different parts. When Mr. Billonoy wont homo yaslenhiy and aay a haod&ouic bouquet reposing on one of the parlor chain be mentally observed that it was a shame to let such beautbful flowers lie thero tc wither; so he took them up tenderly, procured a basin of water, and placed them carefully therein?and tho same instant his wife gave a piercing shriek and fainted dead away. Hut it was too late. Mrs. Bflloncy's new spring flowcrbonnet was utterly ruined. PRIMARY ELECTIONS AOAIN- * i : It appears from the recommendations ofj (lie State Democratic Executive Comm^ttccJj' that they contcinplato nominations to tilt J the various county officers by the Club sys- j tOQl, rather than by Primary elections.?> Lancaster was the lirst county ill the State I to adopt the primary election nominating * system. We had previously tried the Club system/ | now rocomincnded by tho Executive Com/ mittco, and it failed to givo satisfaction oti the ground that it prohibited Democrat? that were not mem hers of the Club froil ^ inations as much so as uieinbctfl of Clubs:, | The argivuiont used is to force those Demo- ( crats into tho Clubs, and this may bo done in some counties, but not where men think j and reason for themselves will it succeed *\?uiii, requiring a majority vote to noim- J natc will bo a source of great trouble whcr? " there arc a large number of candidates iiV. ? the field. There is a great difference im i. the primary election system and the Club' ^ election system. < For example, wo will illustrate the mode for conducting tho primary elections in this . county, and which has given more generaP 1 satisfaction than any other. On a given- ^ day (appointed hy the County Executive* *P Committee and who also appoint the' man* ' agers) tho polls are opened at every precinct! ? in the comity, at which all tho Democrats who have been registered or known to be t Democrats are privileged to vote for ttn'tr choice. After the polls arc closed the man* ^ agers immediately count tho votes, ami on " the following day take their statement, to- ? gethcr with the poll list, to tho Executive Committee, whose duty it is tot. aggregate ? the votes and declare the persons having 11 the largest plurality of votes tho* uominjps 11 of the party. In our judgment this isfic ^ only way a primary election can he hchiin which all the Democratic voters will have a o showing. Clubs in this county arc conoid- fi cred the rallying spirits of the party ifnd n nothing more. If tho recommendation^ of r the State Executive Committee are adoApd fi requiring a majority vote, then it woffld a havo been well for us to have ? ilic work of reorganizing lust January, so I that \tfte could have had an election every h thirty aays, -StM ^ftssrbljf we might have j, made our nointnnMoits by I*V1I.' '<*wirtu?h?a ? Ledger. ^ Tattlers.?Every community is cursed * by the presence of a class of people who j make it their business to attend to every- ^ body's business hut their own. Such pco- t pic are the meanest specimens of depraved humanity which an All-wise Providence t permits to exist on this earth. It is well- rj known that almost every person is some- r times disposed to speak evil of others, and tattling is a sin from which very few can ? claim to bo entirely exempt. ~ Put the subject of our present article is ^ to speak of that distinct class of tattlers who make tale-bearing the constant business j of their lives. They pry into the private affairs of overy family in the neighborhood; they know tho exact state of one neighbor's icenngs coward another ; they understand j everybody's faults, and no little blunder or v misdemeanor cvor escapes their vigilant watchfulucss. They arc particularly wellposted upon everything connected with courtship and matrimony, know who are a going to uiarry whom, and can guess the exact 0 time when it will take place. They watch r every movement of parties suspected of mn- . trimonial intentions, and if there is the *' slightest chance to create a disturbance, excite jealousy or 'break up' a match, they take immediate advantage of it and do all in their ' power to keep people in a constant state of . vexation. Thev irli?lo nuioflv l'roin "cntle- J' man to lady, from mother to daughter, from 1' father to son ; and in the cars of nil ihey 1 pour their dark, bitter whispers of slander b and abuse, and at the same time pretend to he the most sincere friend of thoso they 1 talk to. Their black and nauseous njHf malicious slandtfr are sugar-cbo^a *wi?h ? smiles and honeyed words of friendship. Kvf.Hv Day.--Every day should be corn- t mcnccd with (Jod. Tho busiest and best t man in Jerusalem was wont to say, ''In the g morning will I direct my prayer to Thee fc and will look up. I will siiig aloud of a Tliy mercy in the morning." Daniel, too, g saluted his Cod with prayer and praiso a| ; early dawn. Wc begin the day unwisely | and at great risk to ourselves, if we leave j our chamber without a secret coufcrcnca I with our Almighty Friend. Every Christ- f ian, when he puts on his clothes, should fj also put on his spiritual armor. Before tho r day's march begins, lie should gather up a y portion of heavenly manna to ftcd tho in- c ner man. As the oriental traveler sets out 1 for the sultry journey over the burning g sands, by loading up his camel under the * palm tree's shade, and fills hip water flagons ''J from tho crystal fountain which sparkles at t its roots, so doth Christ's pilgrim draw hia t 1:? c -l uiviiuu^ mi j>|in<-n irum 1110 CXnilUSllCSS y *PrinK- a Somebody estimated that every man who 0 lives to be sixty years old has spent seven months buttoning hi* shirt collar. Thirty v years more ought to he added for hunting c up the collar button. THE BLUE AHD THE GRAY. What a t\7m- Omfiafnnt 8atr and Jfrard ?-Seal* in Both Vamps?The Yankee g.Bummer andjhe Von federate ftuldicr, II.IV. Rcdficld, who is one of the mast carcfi I end observant correspondents in tli i country, has just contributed a paper to the l'hijadclphin Weekly Times, that produces peculiar interest and signification. T< f br.TWBKN TWO FIRES. M^k*. Redfiold iirss during tlio war a strict loni-ombalant. He Was Quaker like in his he was surrounded by he ynt?kc$S,\nnd tlio next day his placid ind unrutfleu face beamed liko a lull moon, rom the rfiidstof an nnury rebel host. it wius Happened that .Mr. Itcdiicld, who Vtts-clipping a piece of non-explosive calico, >r weighing a pound of tea, would observe lungs olu.-'ely out of tho tail of his peaccul eye, had a capital opportunity ol noting he-characteristics * OF TilK TWO A11M IF. 8. His impressions, gained while engaged n the bloodied business of keeping store ictwccn lines, he has put into print. The mints that ho.makes furnish many reasons i* tho defeat of the confederate arms. The 6rst point of difference between the rmies was the disparity in equipments.? 'he Ncythem soldiers had tho very best of lyUuu#-tliat moooy- coold buy or fch?vw??<^ ets of the world furnish. They had splen- j id double overcoats, oil-cloth coverings, nd perfect guns and accoutrements.? 'heir wagons and ambulances were superb; nd remarkably adapted for rough campaignng. * Their cavalry equipments wove magificent. No army ever went to the field ctter equipped than the union army. TIIK CONFKDKItATES, n the other hand, were shabbily aud insufcientlv dressed. They wore homespun *i.. .. y - " " lusny, uuu 11 was oi an colors. In one cgimcut of cavalry, 31 r. lledficld has seen Dur or live kinds of rifles and shot guns, 11 sorts of saddles, some with rope stirrups, ud many oi* them without blankets.? t was really luughut^. ho says. The loiwjvoro poorly i'od^//* ?ooorly groomed, inou in a hi> ^'e^ing and half And eveu a greater difference was obscrablc in the supply of food that was served o the two armies. The federals always uid full rations of beef, pork, coffee, salt, iread and beans. Their articles were of ho best quality, and the regiments provided nth such convenient cooking utensils that hey were able to prepare it nppctizingly. 'hey never suffered from hunger or poor ations. The confederates on the other hand had cauty and poor eating. They had virtually o cooking utensils, and the poor food that luy had was miserably cooked. In the pring of ISlid Mr. Kcdticld spent a few lays in the camp of a confederate reginent and fouud that they had nothing for ations but beef and flour. There was not veu uu uuiitu oi salt, rno bread was itcrally nothing but flour and water. It ras baked in pans and the beef was ltOASTKD O.N A STICK. Mr. lledfield states seriously that the bundance of coffee was worth thousands f soldiers to the union side. It was a fine ccruiting power in tho border States. lie ells of |i father nnd two sons who fought >? a year or two with tho confederates.? Micy were then captured and paroled.? )no day the sons went down to the federal amp, and were treated to some fine coffee, hey became so fond of it that they finally uiued the federals, just to he able to get lenty of it. 'jThc father followed very soon, i> get his sons out of ' the disgraceful eranc." and woundun hv viehlimr i?;< . _ 1?j j 'n l"""" 1 istn captive to the coffee, just us they hud o.ie. It is amazing that the Southern armies. Mhflrised tor the most part of men used to lOuutiful living and a warm climate, could lave fought and marched, and suffered, as hey did for five long years ainid the mounains of Tennessee and Virginia. Their oldier life was heroism even if there had ecu no battles. It required more courage nd patriotism to suffer, and endure, and tarve, than it t}ul to fight. Olio of the most important differences hat our observant noted was the discipline hat was so much more perfect in the Northern than thn Snnitinf" 1 ? ? -..V K/VMVIIVII1 illllljfl XII i IIU brmcr tho discipliue was perfect from the irst. The officers wore supreme in the fedunlurmy. They were obeyed implicitly and nth uouqucstioning promptness. The asc was different with the southerners.? rherc was more individuality among theso oldicrs. Almost every man had high ideas ? porvonal dignity and indopcndonco.? "ho most of them considered themselves he equals, many of them tho superiors, o? heir officers. The most of the companies rere mado up in towns or villages in which II the men wcra acquainted with each thcr. It thus happened that a lot of LOCAT, PREJUDICES AN1? H PIT KM rore lauded together in each company and arridl all through tho war. Mr. Redfield noticed a great deal of I "talking back" on the part of our men totheir officers, and a good many high strung privates offered to lick the officers that gave them commands they didn't like. The standing of the individual confederate soldier was much higher (socially speaking) than that of the northern. This of itself made them unruly at first. OOINO HACK ON TIIKIIl OFFICERS. Mr. Kedfield says there was much greater disposition on the part of the confederates to put all the blame of a defeat 011 their ^^^i^th^^h^ro^yas ou^l^^tiie^mdc.? A CRITICISM ON "RUMMINO. Our observant says that one of the most notable points of difference betweeu the two armies was the manner in which the federals "bumuicd" and played the vandal, whilo the southerners didn't bum and played the gentleman. lie snjs the southerners did no stealing. The rights of property iu the country through which they marched were sacred. They did not steal, except in unusual eases, and even chickens might roost in safety 011 the edge of their camps. Mr. ltcdfield says that "he is coustrnincd to confess. (though why he does it under constraint we can't imagine) that at the opening of the war the mass of the southern army were gentlemen." As the struggle deepened and tho soldiers were starving, of course this was changed to a degree, but evou then , TtHHWlffWIfcrntcs paid for every tiling tliey took. It was totally different with the federals. J They foraged shamefully. 'I hey stole everything from chickons 011 the roost up, or down. They respected 110 sentiment or helplessness. They were vandals in the worst | sense. Mr. lledfield mentions, among other I things, they entered his store (the temple j of peace, by the way,) and built fires with harncs worth 82.50 a pair. A hundred or so liibles they tore up and scattered 011 tho lloor, or made bonfires of. What they could not use they destroyed. The author says : ' Such utter and wicked waste I had not thought human beings capable of." He says further, "No amount of fastenings could keep out the pillagers. Nothing was too sacred to be stolen or destroyed." I ***** t *tatb Si'xdat School Convkntion?^A qaov rum of tho committee appointed to get up ? Slate School Convention held a meeting and agreed on the following points : There will he a convention this year. The time nn<l place to ho selected hereafter. The programme will be published at an early day. The representation will he the same from eacli county as in both houses of the General Assembly. A chairman is appointed in each county, whoso duty shali be, where there arc no county conventions in wot king order, to call a committee consisting of one representative man from each of the leading I'rotcstant churches, which committee shall liavo full power to appoint delegates to (he State Convention. It is desired that the country schools be well represented in these appointments. The committee will see that ctlicicnt Sunday school workers are appointed, an<l such as will attend the convention. Should any of the chairmen appointed refuse to serve, or a mistake be made in the name, so that it cannot be ascertained who is meant, some person interested will please write at once to the chairman of the committee. County conventions alrcdy formed, or formed hereafter, will appoint or elect delegates. No delegates from special schools or organizations will bo regular. Tho chairmen of counties will get up statistics, stating number of schools, teachers and officers, adult scholars, and children. Also other statistical information will be thankfully rc The commiCIco would urge the importance of county contentions. They would also ask that all Sunday School workers, male and female, I would give their influence in getting up a con| vention that shall be an honor to our State, and greatly promote the cause of Sunday schools I throughout her border*. Mr. W. A. Nicholson is appointed Chairman for Union County. Oil AS. A. PETTY, Chairman. .? Wii.t Mr. Cnot'kit Pencil ask Limbs-tomb Scrinos.?Spartanburg, May 17.?Of the car rying to completion of Mr. Cooper's benevolent design of establishing an institution for women there would have been little doubt, f suppose, if it were not for the ladies of his family, anil: I me (kiinics oi .nr. iu-wnr. The latter (lifters in politics from Mr. Cooper, especially lie dreads Mr. Cooper's influence, (should he endear himself to the South) on the Southern people in the financial questions of the country. Tlicre is little dou11 that Hewitt sent Kaymond and the ladies of the family with the old gentleman as a .kind of body-guard, to keep Mr. Cooper from receiving any public demonstrations and from Addressing the people, llesidcs, the ladies fear that he might get so interested in the carrying out of his design that he might ultimately leave a leffacv of a half mlllinn ? 0 ? .W <nu Iiinviiuiiuil.? None of them would object to his spending fifty or seventy-five thousand dollars on the purchase of the properly, kc., if he would assuredly slopat that, but a half a million legney left out of the family, even of a man whose estate is ten millions, is a serious thing to contemplate.? Hewitt, toe, has the nightmare a bent Mr. Cooper's views on bondholders and greenbacks influencing the South. It is feared Mr. Cooper will yield to the pressure and give up the scheme of purchasing tho Limestone properly, lie was hurried through IK-. nl.,u * ...? iniuiMim irip oy nis party, lest ho should become interested in the section. We, at least, do not owe Mr. Hewitt any thanks, but wc must feel kindly toward Mr. t'oeper for his benevolent intentions* If he was a younger man he might &o|on. As it is, a man of eightyseven ttan -scarcely do moro than to generously assist Maj. Bomnr to establish a high clnss edit.rational institute.