The weekly Union times. [volume] (Union C.H., South Carolina) 1871-1894, May 10, 1878, Image 1
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"" WNION^^Hr^UTH^^
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? BfiCOND WORKING OF CORN. ^
As soon as tho ploughs are through tm
covton, tho second workiug of corn usually
begins. If the corn is ujt over knee High,
it uiay be ploughed close and deep. \Ve
toftcn apply manure to it at this time, siding
\vith a twister, (wing away from the corn,)
dropping manure on each sido of hill, and
then running with wing towards the corn,
covering manure and dirting corn at same,
time. On upland it is best to do this at
jirst working, as there is no cortainty of
sufficient moisture to make the manure act
promptly. In our last number wo publishTed
Col. Lnuo's mode of cultivating corn,
;nnd wo refer the reader to it?few planters,
if auy iu the South, have rained thin crop
. .. "more successfully than he.
tor for the peas, to havo them at the greatest
distance possible from tho corn. We
publish elsowhoro some very interesting resuits
from manuring peas with mineral fertilizers,
by Dr. Kavencl and others in the
vicinity oi unarieston, S. U. We shall
procuro the precise character of the coinpound
used and publish it, that others uiay
repeat tho experiments. If a luxuriant
growth of peas can he secured on poor laud,
by inexpensive fertilizing, tho problem of
bringing up our worn-out lands will be
solved. For manuring peas in the drill,
(as in corn,) much less than tho quantities
named in the article referred to, be re2aired?a
third or a fourth would answer.?
>ur own experience is vt ry deoidedly in
tern'' -*p f&SaT'*poa~
held back by the summor droughts thai into
- varieties are too frequently cat off by frost.
There is a black pea, quite as earlv as the
"Whippoorwill"?more productive and
much less injured by exposure to weather,
whioh is the best wo havo ever soon as regards
certainty of maturing a crop. Make
all needful preparations in *tho way of procuring
seed, &c., to put the stubble fields in
peas as ioou as the grain crops are harvested.
Even if tho vines are mowed and taken
off the fields tho pea stubble will add
much to their fertility. Again, as rcpentcddy
done before, we urge an extension of this
most valuable crop. A mixed ration, of
[.peas (in hull) and corn, is ouo of the very
eeat possible for work stock.
' Pnt out Iftllll llMPl Don't
wait for rain?groxU the plants in
clay?give a gill .of water to each bill, and
after it is soaked in draw dry dirt around
4ho plant, and very few will die. As soon
as the vines are long enough, cut thorn off
to within a foot of tho hill, and lay them,
two or three side by side, in a drill and cover
at intervals, leaving small portions exposed?say
18 inohes apart. Planted
thus in June, they will make an excellent
crop.
Push work forward, and make all arrangements
to bo ready for harvest?hire
extra hands if necessary, to put the crops
in proper condition before-hand, instead of
hiring extra labor at harvest. You will
then suffer less imposition.?Southern Cultivator.
nrtPOTfAMo oAn U ?**i*
^vnoAivao bui* JL' AIV :T&E?KV9.?o laruiur
is in a position to act intelligently in the
pursuit of his business, unless ho cau
answer such questions as these : How do
I stand with the world ? What am I worth?
-.What are my liabilities ? When and how
tbeiieliabilities be met ? What part
' my property is productive ? What kinds
of grain, potatoes and other produce have
been most profitable, and how much per
aore, in dollars and cents, will Fife or Hussion
wheat bring me more than some other
kind ? Will it pay me bost to raise Berkshires,
or Suffolk, or Poland China, or some
common breed of hogs ? How much hpq,
the making of butter and cheese cost
how muoh have they brought me in ?
** ' formers can male shrewd gucssos
.in answer tokillfijuestious, but cannot give
the figures to support thtfrtMtaftions?and
such guesses are frequently very ftr from
* udemte. As a result,'serious losses occur
from a continuance in a course which the
farmer thinks to be profitable.
Now, for the remedy. Let every farmer
. jt ~e i l i? wL.i
m n?f vi luvvunv uuuic. ?? IJUfc Wll
tuean ? this; that every farmer may, by
rsoordibg all "his business transactions (one
or two inexpensive books would answer the
purpose), make it possible for bim to answer
such questions as those suggested above,
and thus place himself in a position to carSon
his business intelligently and profitly.?Rural
World.
NkORALOIA AND ItllKUMATISM.? A
very simple relief for neuralgia is to boil a
' small handful of lobelia in half a pint of
water till the strength is out of tho herb,
then strain it off and add a teasponfu! of
fioe salt. Wring cloths out of the liquid
. .as hot as passible, sod spread over the pert
"^WdeCed. It a6ts~l!fce a charm. Chauge
* A. ,Ull.. .. uu.. IJ till .L l_ .11
pwv viv?H? mm vwu mm uuiu *111 VUO |IH1U 19 911
gone ; then cover the plaee with a aoA, dry
covering till perspiration is over, to pce ent
taking cold. Rheumatism ean often
be rolieved bv application, to the painful
parte, of oloths wet in a week solution of
salsoda water. If there is inflammation in
the joints the eure is ^ery quick. The
wash should be lukewarm.
Y 1 '
THE 8WEET POTATO?HOW TO MAKE AND
KEEP.
Editor Southern Cultivator.?In
your editorial for the April number of the
Cultivator, you use the very strong language
with reference to the sweet potato, thnt it ]
should bo the "great crop of the South."
Now the above assertion by one of your experience
and position, should put tho cottou
worshippers to thinking. What! The
swoct potato the great crop of tho South?r '
treason to king cotton ! So says the Editor 1
of tho Cultivator, and so say /, and, of '
course, tho matter is settled boyond all
controversy.
But iu upthing is the proverb, that "there 1
Unrae in saving than in making.'' mopo J
^PPlSiy illustrated than .gpta^l'
and all do well when the potatoes don't rot. '
In order to succeed in keeping them, it is .
best to dig in a dry time, aud not before the :
potatoes are ripe. But those two conditions 1
secured, viz : dry weather nnd ripe potatoes,
there is no uccd of waiting for frost.
AH farmers who read the Cultivator,
know what kind of land suits the potato.
The phosphates, or cotton seed and ashes, or
stablo manure nnd ashes, with thorough
preparation and the proper cultivation, wijl
bring the potatoes.
r Now for tlio keeping. Put them in a
perfectly dry house, with ground floor a
little raised, to protect them from rising
moisture. A meat house, where salt has
been kept, will not do?it is too damp. A
few small cracks for air to posaahrough arc
l^Uer- Have your house roidy,.by
rerobWf>, aha in the driest time you catTget,'
haul enough Baud to cover well all the potatoes
you hope to mako. Place two or
three inches of sand for a floor. Then put
down a basket of potatoes and enough sand
on thcui to cover thorn?then potatoes nnd
sand enough to fill the cracks, until the potatoes
are all covered. Then, lastly, put on
sand, until tho w..olo hill is covered two or
three inches wiih tand. Be sure to have
enough dry sand?it will not do to put on
that which is damp. Now turn your hogs
in to root your patch. When well rooted,
put on a few cotton seed and mako your
beat wheat where tho potatoes grew. Then
nil f. wVl An t Kr^nL' troll r?lonf in \
I nvi*| ?u j/t.vuvvw,
od ad libitum. I knew of a Indy .vho kept (
potntocs iu a hogshead in dry sand for two I
years. Band is the home of the potato. 1
OCCASIONAL. ?
It was not our intention to sny that the |
sweet potato should be "tho great crop of
the South," but instead the "great root *
crop," &c. There is no doubt, however, (
that its cultivation might be pushed very 1
much farther to very great advantage.? '
Cows, bogs, sheep nud poultry, might be 1
largely aud profitably fed upon potatoes, '
and vinegar of ezeelleut quality could 1
doubtless bo made from them.?Ed. So. '
Cultivator.
1
IMPKOVE THE STOCK. <
Wo aro glad to note the increased inter- I
est manifested all over the South upon this c
subject. It is beginning to bo seriously f
considered and earnestly discussed among t
those even who have heretofore boen con- t
tent with the runts and scrubs which, only 1
by tho most elastic courtesy, could be de- 1
signatcd bv tho name of stock. i
The South can and should be a great 1
stock raising country. Climate, range and
nearness to markets are all in our favor.? <
A little loss cotton and a little more stock <
should bo the programme of every farmer.
The true road to snooess lies in this direction
and the man who takes no interest in
this matter will find hiuisolf fur in tho
buck ground.
Improved stock, of all kinds, can now bo
obtained at comparatively reasonable prices.
If pure blood animals cannot be procured
at once, it will be economy to grade up the
common stock, thus adding several huodrcd
per cent, to their value each year.
Cattle, horses, sheep, hogs and poultry
are the results of inteliign* management
of farm affairs. They possess a tangible
valuo which docs not attaoh to acres of
ootton or cane or any other precarious crop.
Besides this, tbey form a certain basis upon 1
which to estimate future profits, and it is <
fuir to state that any reasonable estimates I
in this direction are folly realised. <
Good stock ani's plenty of it giffcA its 1
owner a standing in society which io tally 1
enviable. It is bettor than government
bonds, nnd the interest is payable with fill*
failing regularity. In one enso a coupon Is
detached, which represents say fivo per
cent, per annum, lessening the total valuo
of the bond by just the amount detached.
In the other case, a coupon of ono hundred
per cent, is added to tho original value and
so, year after year, in like proportion.
The Cincinnati Enauirera easav on man
is in one canto, as follows :
Man's avapor, 1
Foil of woes; 1
Starts a paper,
. Up he goes. <
"The girls of oor day are very badly ed- i
ucated," mid one of the members of a com- i
mittee on education to the Bishop of Glou- i
oeater. "That cannot be denied," retorted
his lordship. "However, tliore's'one con- i
eolation, the boys will never find it oat."
the confederate #emorial.
Ex-pee8ident Jeffer80n davis opeaks
in Fittino Terms of Our Confederate
Dead.
Tho following letter, addressed to a committee
of citizens! <vas read at the memorial
celebration in Mpcon, 0a., on the 26tH ult.:
Mississippi CltT; April 11, 1ST8.
Gentlemeh : i jiutjprely regret niy iuibilily
to bo present atithe laying'of the
eorncr stone of "a ponuqitfht to be erected
it Macon, Ga., in Ifonor of our dead Confederate
soldiers." The event possesses
Bvcry attraction to me j it is inspired by
tho Ladies' Memorial Association ; the
monument is to be located in the key-stono
of the Confederate areh ; and to comnablo"
rights.
What though we were overborne by numbers,
and accessories not less efficient, truth
is not to be measured by success in mainlining
it against force; nor is the glory
less of him who upholds it in tho faco of
inequal odds, but is it not rather more to
iiis credit that he couuted all else as dust
,n the balanco when weighed with honor
ind duty ? On many a stricken field our
loldicrs stood few aud 1'aiut, but fearless
till, for they wore the panoply of unqucsioniog
confidence in the rectitude of their
;auso, and knew how to die but not to sur eudcr.
Lot not nny of their survivors
mpugn their faith by offering the peuitenial
ploa that "they believed they were
ight." Bo it ours to transmit to posterity
>ur unequivocal testimony to the justice of
Ateir convictions, to their virtues, and the
innctity of the motives by wbtoh they were
ictuatcd.
It is meet that this monument should
lave originated with tho ladies of the land,
vhoso self-denial was conspicuous through
dl the trials and sufferings of war, whose
*entlc ministrations in the hospitals, and.at
vay-sido refectories, so largely contributed
o relievo tho sick and tho wounded, and
vhose unfaltering devotion to their country's
:ausc in tho darkest hours of our struggle
llustrated the fidelity of the sex which was
ast at the cross and first at the sepulchre.
I am profundly thankful to them for in
ritiug 1110 to represcut then), as their orator,
>n the approaching occasion. Had it been
iracticublc to accept, their request would
iavc been, to me* mtaminftud. obeyed with.
10 other reluctance than the consciousness
>f inability to do justice to tho theme.?
L'hanks to the merits of our Confederate
lead, they need neither orator nor bard to
lommend their deeds to the present gcncraion
of their coui; .ryuicn. Many fell far
roni home and kindred, and sleep in unnarked
graves; but all are gathered in the
ovcof those for whom they died, and their
ncuiories are hallowed iu the hearts of all
rue Confederates.
lly the pious efforts of oar people, many
luuible cemeteries, such as, in their iuipovirishnient,
wero possible, hare beea prolared,
and the Confederate dead have been
iollcctcd in them from neighboring battle
ields. There annually, with reverential
iffection, tho graves, uliko of. the. known
ind the unknown, are dockj^& |AtfT vernal
lowers, expressive of gratitude renewable
forever, ana tvnic&l nf th#? hnnonf ?
vr; -?j~ ?. ?
rcction and reanhn where the wiekod cease
rrom troubling and tho weary are at rest.
To be remembered, honored, beloved by
heir people is the reward bestowed ou our
Confederate dead. It is the highest which
i good and purely patriotic uiuu could detiro.
Should it bo asked, why, then, build
his monument T the answer is, tUey do not
teed it, but posterity may. It is not their
cward, but our debt. 11" tho greatest gift
i hero gives his raco is to have been a hero,
n order that this gift may bo utilized to
:oming generations, its appreciation by concmporarics
should bo rendered as visible
ind enduring ns possible. Let the monalient,
rising from earth toward heaven, lift
.he minds of those who como after us to a
ligbor standard than the common test of
tuccess. "Let it teach that man 1s born for
luty, not for expediency; that when an
uiacK 18 maac on tho community to which
no belongs", by which he is protected, and
?> which his allegiance is duo, his first obligation
is to defend that community; and
Lhat under such conditions it is better to
have ''fought and lost thnn never to have
fought at all." Let posterity learn by this
monument that you commemorate mcu who
died in a defensive war; that they did not,
is has bcoa idly stated, submit to tho arbitrament
of arms the question at issuo?
questions which involved tho inalienable
rights inherited from their ancestors and
held in trust for their posterity-?but that
they strove to maintain the State sovereignty
which their futhers left theui. and which it
was their duty if possible to transmit to
thoir children. , ?.
Away, thcD, with such^eple excuse for
the abandonment of prjhaiytaf w,hicW may
be cru?h?4Jujr awhile, hat which, poaieesing
the eternal vitality of trtlth,"toast, Hrltlf'
own good tinio, prevail oveifperishable error,
Let this monument teach that heroism
derives its lustre from tho jnstico of the
cause in whieh it ia displayed, and let it
mark the difference between a war waged
for tho robber liko purpose of conquest and
one to repel invasion?to defend a people's
hearths aad altars oud to maintain their
? "W .f */ j. r,; ? iv/ ^ I ' dPftx'; j *
. ... ??r? l ? . .1?
laws mid liberties. ' Such was the war in?
which our heroes fell, nud theirs is the
crowa which sparkles with tho gems ot
patriotism and righteousness, with a glsry
undiuimed by any motive of aggrandisement
or intent to inflict ruin on others.?
VVn nvAahnS a* 4 -- *? ?*
I'ivovuif luciu iru jMjeicriiy as examples
to bo followed, and wait securely for the
verdict of mankind, when knowledge shall
havo dispelled misrepresentation and delusion.
Is it unreasonable to hope that mature
reflection and a closer study of the
political history of the Union may yet restore
the rights prostrated by the passions
developed iu our long aud bloody war ? If,
however, it should be otherwise, then from
our heroes' graves shall ce^uio iu inouruiul
tooM tbo , .. . . , !
"Answer fit i '
And if our childrcu must obey,
They must, but thinking on our day,
'Twill less debase them to submit."
Yours, faithfully,
Jefferson Davis.
*
Waste and Want.?Either man must
be content with poverty all his life, or else
deny himself somo luxuries and save to lay
the base of independence in the future. But
if a man defies the future, and spends all
lie earns (whether his earnings bo one or
ten dollars a day) let hiui look for lean and
want at some future time?for it will surely
couic, no matter what he thinks. To save
is absolutely the only way to get a solid
fortune; there is no other certain mode.?
Those who shut their eyes aud ears to these
certain facts will be forever poor, and in
mini* nli.-li".'. 1! -1' ? 'l 1
uumuiiw i cji-ui iuii ui iruiu may nap
wil! die in rags and filth. Let them so die,
and thank themselves. Hut, no! They
take a sort of recompense in cursiug fortune.
Great waste ol'breath. They might
as well curse the mountains or the eternal
hills. For I cau tell them fortune does not
give away good aud substantial geods. Shu
sells it to the highest bidder, to tho hardest
and wisest worker for the boon. Men never
make so fatal a mistake as when they
think themselves creatures of fate; 'tis the
surest folly in tho world. Every man may
make or mar himself, whichever ho may
choose. Fortune for those who by diligence
honesty and frugality place themselves in a
position to grasp hold of fortune when it
appears in view. The best evidence of
frugality is the five dollars or more standing
in your name at the savings bank.?
The best* evidence of honesty cousists in |
diligence aud frugality.
Russian Remedy for Hydrophobia.
?A correspondent of Lai.il and Water
(London) describes the following Russian
treatment of hydrobhobia: Iu Seratou
the inhabitants collect the larva of tho rose
beetle (Cctonia aurata), which arc chiefly
found iu the wood-ants' nests. The grubs
are gathered in tho spring, placed in earth,
and their change or metamorphosis watched
for. When this takes place, they kill the
bcetlos and dry them. The powdered insect
must bo kept in hermetically scaled
bottles, or the dried beetles may be kept in
sealed pots and reduced to powder when
wanted. Three beetles powdered arc considered
a dose Yor an adult, given immediately
after the bito. One for a child and
fivO for on ndnlt. in whioli
declared itself. The effect is to produce a
long sloep, which must not he interrupted.
The bite is also treated surgically. The
beetles caught on flowers are not so beneficial
; they must be secured in tho larva
stage, and killed directly after they attain
tho imago. Some of tho Russians give
their dogs occasionally half a beetJo as a
preventive. ^
A Good Cow.?A writer who says that
one good cow gives all tho milk that was
needed in a family of eight persons, and
from which cow was made S$0 pounds of
butter last year, gives the following as his
treatment: "If you desire to get a largo
yield of rich milk, givo your cow, every
day water slightly warm slightly salted,
in which bran has been stirred at the rate
of one quart to two gallons of water. You
will find, if you hnvo not tried this daily
practico, that yo jr cow will givo 25 per
coot, moro immediately under tho effects of
it, and she will become so attached to it
that she will refuse to drink clear water unless
vory thirsty ; but this mess sho will
drink most any time, and ask for more.?
Tho amount of tho drink necessary is nn
ordinary water pail full each time, morning,
noon and night.? Vermont Journal
n. ri ? -
viaivkk-?as soon as some of the
heads of the general crop of blooms turn
dark. If cut by Innd wait until tho dew
dries, nnd just before night turn over all
cut previous to 1 o'clock. Repeat this operation
the next day on the morning's cutting,
and all cut the previous afternoon. If
the weather is open, put in cocks all that
has been cut 36 to 48 hours. These cocks
may be thrown into largo ones as they cure,
or may be hauled directly to barn. Clover
hay is never so good if allowed to get pcrfectly
dry before it is bulked. If cut with
a mower, it is not thrown into "swaths,"
dries off much more rapidly, and can be
housed much sooner. This is one of the
very great advantages of a mower. As
soon as the plants begin to grow again, give
dressing of plaster, one bushel per acre.
*
Wishing kor Money.?"I wish that I
had his money," said n young, hearty-looking
man as a millionaire passed him in tho
street. And so has wished aiany a youtlv
before hiin, who devotes so much lime towishing,
that too little is Ifet to working.?
Hut never does one of these draw a comparison
between their several fortunes. Ther
rich man's money looms up like a balloon
before them, hiding uncounted cares and
anxieties, from which they are free y keeping
out of sight those bodily ills that luxury
breeds, and all the mental horrors of ennui
and satiety, and tho fear of death thai
wealth fosters, the jealousy of life and lovo
from which it is inseparable.
Let uouc wish for uucarned. ttuld. Tho
sweat by which it is gathered! is- the only
sweat by which it is preserved for enjoyment.
Wish for no man's money. Tho
health. strength. freshness nmt ?i?~?
, , - , ciwp
of youth are yours. Young love, by day
and night, encircles you. Hearts unsoilcd
by the deep sin of covetousncss beat fondly
with your own. None, ghoul-like, listen
for the death-tick iu your chamber; your
shoes have value in men's eyes only. Vrhcti
you tread iu theui. The smiles no wealth
can purchase greet you?living ; and tears
that rarely drop on rosewood coffins, will
fall from pityiug eyes upou you?dyiug.?
You havo to eat, to drink, to wear, enough ;
then you have all the rich mau hath.?
What though he fares more sumptuously '!
lie shortens life, iucrcases pains and aches,
impairs his health thoreby What if his
raiment be more costly ? God loves hiui
none the more, and man's respect in such
regard comes ever mingled with his envy.
Nature is yours in nil her glory ; her ever
varying and for ever beautiful face smiles
peace upon you. Her hills aud valleys,
fields and flowers, rocks and streams, and
holy places, kuow no desecration in the
step of poverty, but welcome ever, to their
wealth of beauty, rich find poor alike.
Duck Hatching.?Hens make very
good motli3rs for duck-hatching. Nineeggs
under a good sized Cochin or Brahaui
hen, is a pretty sure thing, as to success i?
the earlier efforts of the season.
Whether ducklings be brought out under
ducks or hens, the younglings should he
kept away from the water, until they arc
three to five weeks old. This looks as if
the advico were unnatural. But threefourths
of the young ducks that nrc lost,
iu early infancy, are killed by cramps and'
chills from allowiug them to rush iuto cold
water before the dowu upon their skin is
thick enough to resist these ill-effects.
Ducks are aquatics, but arc not marines!
Most persous supposo that they beloug to
the water as fish do. The wild water fowls
have an oily coat that helps to preserve
them ; while domesticated ducks lose this,
under home cultivation. It has been found,
from oft-rcpcatcd experimout, that ducklings
do well largely in proportion whero
they arc not permitted to have access to
water to swim iu until they are four to six
weeks old. They should be started early,
I and thus they mature more profitably for
fall use?like all other domestic fowls ottho
larger sorts.?Poultry World.
A Beautiful IIousF.noD Plant.?Tho
Calln Lily, roots of which may be procured
of any florist, is one of our Gnest plants for
house growiug when properly treated. The
best method we have tried is t? procure air
earthen jar?suitably decorated on the outside,
if desired, by painting or pasting on
of fricac or flower pictures, or by a paper
open-work covering. In this put rich'
mould some five or six inches deep, and in
' this set tho calla plant. Now put on tho
i top of this mould n layer of clean, coarse
sand about two inches deep, and on top of
this som^small pebbles. Then fill rhc jar
with water, and replace as evaporated, s(v
as to always have tho water several inches
deep above the pebbles. Place in a warm
| and sunny window, and the plant will throw
j up large, luxuriant leaves, to be followed
| by the magnificent bloom.
Moths in Carpets.?This paragraph'
I will be interesting to housekeepers whohave
carpets to keep from being moth-oatcn.
Mrs. S. T. W., says the Country Gentleman,
has tried salt and various other applications,
and still tho insects troublo her carpets.?
Wo advi^p her to try the plan proposed by
Prof. A. J. Cook, in his report on injurious
insects. He advises to tako a wet sheet, or
cloth, lay it upon the carpet and then go
over tho wet cloth with a hot flat iron; tho
stcaui thus produced will penetrate tho
carpet, and not only destroy living moths
but cook their eggs, and prevent them from
hatching. It is cheap and easy of application,
and wo havo no doubt that it vill
prove effective. The only wonder is, that
uo one has thought of it before.
* Thero treed to be a man?gone west now,
poor fellow?in the United States railroad
mail senrico, ran cast of Burlington, whoso
eyes were so erooked he eould carom with
them. He could hold a postal card out at
arm's length before him, read the address
with one eye and look around the end and
read the message ow the other side with tho
other, and wateh a man trying to climb in
at tho car door behind him, all at tho same
timo. IIo left the service because he always
had to go to tho door on tho other
aide of tho car to see the station.
1 *
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