Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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. TIE WEEKLYjlIOK TIMES, ttta WAX IV IfttUW RICH?A FINE OPFO&* TUNITT FOR SOUTH CAROLINA. Tho State of South Carolina is at this ' present lime iu a deplorably anomalous condition. We arc miserably poor, and irrecoverably in debt, unless something can bo douc in the near future to develop our material resources. Our legislative fathers have hibernated at the Capitol, and meantime swung another millstone around the uccks of the farmers by the passage of a Second lien law. The probability is, much of the spring may be cousumed iu attempting to provo to the people that it is more t-opugnant to morality to repudiate a dishonest debt than it is to pay an honest one that had been, but never should have been, '??.7ITp"pjfrvatcd., ..Time rolls qij. tho debt increases, our net incomo is a myth, and today rnoro than ten per cent, of the cash market value of all th? realty of the State is obligated by reason of our past misfortunes. There arc times in tho history of cvjyry country when h debt is really a blcssihg; but it is only when that country is in a con uiviuu vi ^lunuj^ uuu iiiuiuusiii^ jil uvpuril JT. If South Carolina owes $10,000,000 and is not producing more than that amount aunual'y, iu net capital, her debt iucreascs annually, and she becomes poorer and less able to meet her obligations. Is not this our condition to-day ? But, if with that debt "rff her shoulders, she should produce annually double that amount and thereby cnbauce the market value of her productive resources she would be annually richer and the better able to pay the interest upon her debt. If this wcro her condition now, her lands would be increasing in value, her multifarious resources would be developed, and as she would be gradually growing richer there would be no haste in paying off, or concern as to how she would ultimately liquidate her debt. From this standpoint the questions naturally arise, "cau South Carolina return to prosperity, oppressed as she is, without assistance from abroad? Arc her present, population capable of developing her resources to such anexteut as to enable her to survive her debt, and become again the community of happy homes she once was ?" We do not believe she can. Nor do we consider the vital point at issue, the presence or absence o*' cash capital. Were there millions of paper or metallic currency brought to day into the State, it would be a curse rather than a blessing. We are an"1 agricultural people, and uiust continue so to be for many years. The presence of, accumulated bank capital would not benefit us a whit. We have never seen a farmer in nil our experience benefited as such by the use of borrowed funds from bauks. Neither do we believe that the panacea for our ills is to come from the influx of moneyed men with their "pockets full of rocks."? Theso men would simply givo employment to surplus labor in localities, and it would be years before the good effects would become general. The building of factories in Greenville docs not enhance the price of real estate in Abbeville. Nor will a factory in Sumter make Williamsburg more prosperous, any more than Grauitevillc has thrown sunshine upon the African darkness of Beaufort's jungles. All these investments arc to be encour-" aged, for they improve localities and in the aggregate increase the value our taxable property. But they do not now, and never will, until wo are converted into a manufacturing people, indicate a general State pros pcrity. And wo arc tired of waiting for prosperity to come tlirough these channels. Wc believe it can be brought about in a much more speedy way, and foci assured that had the two last Legislatures directed their work to this end, we would now bo so rapidly increasing in State wealth that wc would be better able in five years to liquidate the entire debt of .Radical rascality than we will ever be by spending weeks mid months discussing whether one or the other of two policies is the honest one. One sort of recuperation is by Immigration ; not that sort of spasmodic, individual effort that has been so frequently made since the war, where one or two men with limited means would attempt to procure a few laborers for whom so little was paid, or indeed would be paid, that nothing but the scum of the purlieus of our and foreign cities could be obtained. Rut we mean such Immigration as is or should be fostered by State legislation. For instance, the exemption hy State enactment for a term of years from taxation of all the improvements erected by immigrants, would bo one of the steps in the .1:? ? ?1~ i i-iai/ nil uv.i m?11, ui rin uiiui^uiiirut wu run#nics by extending State aid, as has been frequently done to railroads and other corporations. Such assistance has never been proffered by the State. Indeed we have never so much as published an official circular showing to the world that we were either willing or anxious for our innumerable resources to be developed. We havo most successfully in the past kept our light hid under a bushel. If we do not soon mako a "new departure," we may never hope for practical, real rehabilitation of our State, but may anticipate the contrary. The existence of the negro element among us is of no possible practical benefit unloss it can be utilized by a superior race. That it is not so utilized, and jiftvcr wilt be by the existing population, unless aide<| by forces froin{ without, < cannot now be doubted by any reasonable ' man. And that those outside influences will < uot come unless orgauized, in addition to ' personal or individual, efforts be made, is to < our minds palpably cvideut. 1 What, then, in addition to what has been ! urged, is expected of the State ? We have * nothing to suggest, at present, for time and again we have presumed to recommend what appeared to us practical, feasible ideas, which ( have been utterly igrorcd. and we now ap- , peal to the aggregated individual real estate ( owners of the State, and trust that they will ^ make an effort to organize in some way to { give aid and assistance to the effort that is , now, or soon will barn!-, to iadn-w i"mi- _ gration, and that, too, just such immigration j as we need into South Carolina. I We will simply state a few facts that havo i recently occurred. "i CM * - 1 * ouuriiy aucr our arrival in Washington, i after the 10th of January, at the closo ol the \ Congressional recess, we were approached 1 by a foreigner, whose name is Suiolinski, a t Pole, who, since 1838 or '40, when he was | banished irotn his native land, lias to this ( day lived in the United States. He an- < nounccd himself as the president of an as- ( sociation of foreigners in Washington and , other Northern cities, who for three years i had been attempting to organize a success- . ful colony to cultivate the vine in sonic < Southern State, lie had secured a Con- 1 gressional friend, who had introduced a bill t to assist them. We huutcd up the bill, and j found it one of that class .that some uu>Ur-< think arc legitimate, but with which we | could have uo possible sympathy, simply be- ? cause it called upon Congress to contribute j from the national treasury to appropriate money for colonization purposes. This was a little too bold a subsidy proposition to secure our support, and we so advised the "General" (Suiolinski). lie thcu solicited our assistance in securing State aid. To this extent we agreed to and did send to the Governor, members of the Legislature aud other friends in South Carolina, articles he had written upon this subject and copies of the constitution of his organization. We, however, had no faith in his ctfbrts, and told hiui so, simply t because there was an impracticability about the entire thing that did not comport with r our views. ( He then appealed for advice, and assured s us he would seud scores of families of iu- f telligcnt workinginen, each of whom had r :omc spare money, and a fair education,into { any Southern State that held out induce- < incuts for such immigrants; that he had ( friends and relatives in France, Italy, l'o- | land, and throughout Southern Europe, who were anxious to immigrate to the Southern j States, who were accustomed to growing , small grain, raising stock, cultivating, the vine, manufacturing wine, pickles, chow chow, and canned fruits, and that these pco- s pie only wanted an opening or encourage- 1 mcnt, and they would come with their 1 families and effects and settle in any South- s crn State. 1 We suggested to this enthusiastic old 1 pioneer the idea of calling his Association ' together and invite Southern representative men to address them upon the inducements ' to migrate Southward. IIo accepted our J proposition, and we were the first Southerner 1 invited to address the assemblage. We > accepted the invitation, appeared before the ' Association, and placed before them the ' advantages and disadvantages of South ' Carolina as a home for the industrious, frugal 1 man, whether he he laborer, cultivator, bar- ' vester, husbandman or mechanic. ' In the course of our remarks we sugges- 1 ted the selcctiou by the Association of three of its representative men, who should 1 be sent to South Carolina, to travel over the State, ecc and learn for themselves, and to ( report to the Association on their return. Mr. Bryan, the Chairman of the Board of 1 Commissioners of the District of Columbia, ( (which is equivalent *o the Governor of the District,) was present, urged this recommendation, in a forcible speech, promised [ to give assistance, and advised the call of ! an adjourned meeting a week from that time, at which meeting other Southern men would be invited to be present, and when a subscription would be started to defray the expenses of the above committee to South , Carolina. That meeting will take place, that committee will be appointed, and they will go to South Carolina on a tour of observation. They will probably appear in South Carolina early in April, at a time . whcntthc whole land appears most beautiful , to the visitor. , Nothing more than this can be done at j this end of the lino. What will be done , iii South Carolina to inducn this committee , to report favorably and probably encourago ( the migration to that State of a colony of worthy, excellent citizens before the Ides of next November? Arc there not landowners t in every county in the State who will set , this ball in motion at home ? There aro ] many of them that are land poor. Will | they not encourage this inovetnont by f/ivimj j to this association portions, if it be alternato , sections of but a few acres, to oncouruge | immigration to the State? What will our cities, towns, and villages do? Cannot the municipal authorities at least arrango to j have this committee inspect their counties i f'rhe of coat? Will nut t^jd (1 rangers uid in securing :i welcorac to those visitors, and afford thent cverjryhcility to explore the State upd acquaint ^flhemselves^ with its manifold advantages ? jWe have jono all that we can at preseut <lj>, and will leave the matter iu the hands of the citiseus of the State.?D. Wyatt Aiken, in News and Courier. ? ft KEEP AN*jicO?UlVt. N It is a verj good plitfi for farm* to keep a strict account of thtir labor. < re know very well that the majority of peop e dislike e be faced down by columns o figures, when the sum total shows a decide* balance igainst them; but if accounts arty kept, the resuty will bo that greater cooootny will be ^iiiuMia in dm hwnf^sua^ adaniiui-'dg'oreS' will be made on every band fo make the >alancc favorable. TbiB is the time of the fear to begin. The first thing you ought e do is to make an inventory of everything fou have. Make it carefully and value all four property. Let it iucludagyour acres, touscs, utensils, stock, machinery of every lescriptiou, as well as notes %ia all other nonetary matters. If there are any in*11 lllhr.an^PQ nn vnnr nrnnn?#w VM J V/MI ' puw VilVUI lowu. Then uinke up your estimate of op;rations for the coming yenfr, and start out vith the determination to live up to it.? \s the year progt tses set down nil your ales and purchases^ of every description ; lou't let n cent of ezpenso or iucotno escape, four family expenses should have a separate plncc in the book, so thnt they may be boted into the general result at the close of or themselves what it costs to clothe yourelf, wife nud children, and to afford thein luiuseuicnts nud general pleasures. You vill (ind, in keeping your account ot income, hat it is n good plan to run each field scpnritc, so that you can, at the close, see at a dance what your profit or loss has been 011 sach. Keep dates of times when fields verc plowed, how they were cultivated, and vhat the labor ou each has cost. This will ,each the farmer in a short time which rrops arc most profitable. In stock, keep a )arlicular record of each animal, with pedigree, birth and other remarks of interest. \ecp, as well, a general diary of events on he i'arui for future reference. You will fiud plenty of time in which to ittcnd to these things. Keeping an nc:ount will take but a few minutes each day, md when you have ouec begun, you will be lurpriscd to seo how easily tnjiri.b'>Vrt)TtC\ There is one great point to be kept in view uways, ana that is, to never run in debt.? Sliuu debt as you would the fire. Strive ;o live within your means, and you will lave a net result when you balance your looks at the close of the year that will suririsc and make you glad.?Prairie Farncr. 1 MI'OUTANCK OK TltKE PLANTING.?The subject of tree planting has now become a natter of life and death in some parts oi he country. Wherever a country has been stripped bare of its primitive forest clothing lie effects have been disastrous. Some virts of this country, once renowned for its crtility, are now sterile and unproductive. I'imbcr has also become scarce and dear.? In view of these facts the Massachusetts Agricultural Society haa offered a series of arizes for the encouragement of tree plantng in that State, the awards to bo made en years from the first of March next, for ho best result produced in the interval.? It is estimated that over 1,000,000 of trees ivill be planted in Massachusetts this year. [ 11 Connecticut the Legislature has cxcinp:cd 1'roui taxation all plantations of timber -rocs to be hereafter planted for a period of en years, after shcIi trees have grown to an ivcruge of six feet in height. Nowhere are roes more useful than in densely populated iities. They shade the wide streets, cool .lie atmosphere, exhale ozone, absorb malarious exhalations and exert a sensible iiifluiuce on the hcaith of the inhabitants. ?. Mr. Josiah Quincy, jr., of Massachusetts, ?ives it as the result of his experience that i cow when soiled or stall led will produce cords of solid dung, and that the urine. when absorbed, will amount to as much more. To this he adds double the quantity >f dried peat and finds the entire mass equal in value to the original dung, and worth from 85 to 88 a cord. This, he claims, rcnlersthe manure of each cow equal in value to the milk. ? Some one remarks: 4,It is not what people cat, but what they digest, that makes them strong. It is not what they gain, but what they save, that makes them rieh. It is not what they read, but what they remember, that makes them learned. It is not what they profess but what they practice, that makes them righteous." "Young man, what's the price of this dlk ?" asked a deaf old lady. "Seven shillings," was (he reply. "Seventcep shillings," exclaimed she, "I'll give you thirteen." "Seven shillings, ma'am, is the prioe of the silk," replied the honest shopman. "Oh. seven shillings," rejoined the lady, sharply, "I'll r;ivo you five." ? If you don't want to be robbed of your Cjood name, do not havo it painted on your umbrella. L*W? Or OEKKBAL I?TEEjf?T. The following oirc copies, verihed by careful comparison, of Acts passed and approved at the session of the General Assembly just elooed. A BlLl'to protect the Crops of Planters and Farmers in the hands of Merchants and'Factors from Attachment and Levy for Debts duo by said Merchants and tf enacted by the Senate and House of .Representatives of the State of South GfMtoa, now met and sitting in General AsOAmkltt nn/) V?tr - *f ?l ? vuiinj, 41 iivi 4/jr luu uuinuiivjf ui nit* name : That after the passage. of this act all crops and produce of any planter or farmer which may, by consignment or otherwise, ment and levy at the suit of any creditor or creditors of the said merchant or factor; provided, however, that, should said merchant or fuctor have made any advances of money or provisions, or both, to said plautcror farmer, said crop or produco may be sold in the rcguln- manner, and out of the same so much shall be taken as will pay said advances, together with iutcrcst thereon. ? Approved Februay 14, 1878. A Hill to amend Section 330 of the Code of Procedure, in relation to the Costs of Plaintiffs. Be it enacted by the Sanatc and House of Representatives of the State of South Carolina, now met and sitting in General Assembly, and by the authority of the same : ^bst tie on on 330 ot the Cbde of Procedure be amended by striking out all the words down to and including "dollars" in the sccoud lino of said subdivision and inserting the following: "4. In an action for the recovery of money where the plaintiff shall recover twenty dollars: Provided, That in no case shall the plaintiff be allowed costs to an amount exceeding the amount of his verdict or recovery." Approved March 4, 1878. A Bill to regulate the Sale of Guano and other Fertilizers. Beit enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the State of South Carolin, now met and sitting in General Assembly, and by the authority of the same : Section 1. That all persons engaged in manufacturing in this Stato guano or other fertilizer, or in selling in this Stateguano or othir ' fertilizer 111 h'nu Tact lifed Iff another State, shall attach to each sack, barrel or other articles containing the same, a tag, either written or printed, containing the name or names of the person or persons, or the name of the company, with the names of its individual members, so manufacturing or selling such guano or other fertilizer, and a true analysis of such guano or other fertilizer. Snc, 2. That if any person or persous shall offer for sale in this State any guano or other fertilizer in respect to which the provisions of this act have not been complied with, or of which the analysis attached is ascertained to be false in a material particular, such person or persons shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be punished by a fine of not less than five hundred dollars, uor more than five thousand dollars, or by imprisonment in the State Penitentiary, at hard labor, for the period of not less than one year, nor more than five years, or both, at the discretion of the court. Sec. 3. This act shall not apply to landholders or farmers selling or furnishing fertilizers to their tenants or employees. Sec. 4. This this act shall take effect immediately after its passage. Approved March 4, 1878. A Rill to amend Chanter CYII. Title T Part III, oi" the General Statutes, relating to Attorneys, Solicitors and Counsellors. Br. it enacted by the Senate and IIousc of Representatives of the State of South Carolina, now met and sitting in General Assembly, and by the authority of the same : Section I. That Chapter CVII, Title I, Part I, of the General Statutes, relating to attorneys, solicitors and counsellors, be auiendcd as followws: Strike out Section 2 and insert the following, to be known as Section 2: "Any male citizen of the age of twenty-ono years, having read law in the office of any practicing attorney of good standing in the State for the period of two years, or graduated at any recognized law school in the United States, and shall produce the certificate of a practicing attorney of good standing in this State that he is a person of good moral character, shall, on examination in open court, by three members of the bar, appoin tea by tlie {Supreme Court for that purpose, who shall certify that he possesses the requisite learning and ability, be admitted, if the examination be satisfactory to the Court, to practice in all of the courts of this State as an attorney, solicitor and counsellor, upon taking the oath prescribed by the Constitution." Seo. 2. Strike out Section 4 and insert the following, to bo known as Section 4 : "That no license to practice as an attorney, solicitor or counsellor shall hereafter be granted except by the Supremo Court." J Approved March 12, 1K78. An Act to declare theJUw respecting the powers and duties of Circuit Judges of this State, without tho .limits of the Cir" cuits in whieh they reside. Whereas, some doubts have arisen res- . pccting the powers and duties of circuit judges without '.he limits of the circuits in? whieh they reside, ...SjtOTlON 1. Be it enacted by the Senate' and House of Representatives of tho Stnto of South Carolina, now met and sitting inGeneral Assembly, and by the authority of the same : That every j ldgc while holding the circuit court for any circuit pursuant tothe provisions of tho law of this State, shall" bo invested with powers equal to those of tho judgo of such circuit, acd may hear amf li iifMllTir VI ? ? l * all orders in open court or at chambers which it is competent for the judge residing in such circuit to hear, determine or grant, any law, usage or custom to the coutrary noth withstanding. Skc. 2. That every circuit judge in this State shall at all times hare jurisdiction to discharge and perform all the duties of his office within the circuit wherein he resides, except the holding of circuit courts therein when some other circuit indirelntmll - - ? j ?e>-| gagod in holding said courts. Sec. 3. That no c^iru term of any circuit court shall bo ordered except by tho circuit judge nt ^hc tinio holding the circuit court of tho county for which the extra term may bo ordered, and such extrar term shall be held only by the judge ordering the_same : Proyjdjpd,. ratpc HtlBlt not interfere with. J&a y?wir bow lodged in the chief justice in the premises; and, provided further, that no cause shall be tried at any extra term of any circuit court, unless the said cause phall have been previously docketed upon some of the calendar* of the last preceding regular term of such court. Sec. 4. That all acts and parts^of acts inconsistent with this act be, andglho same aro hereby, repealed. Approved March 1, 1878. An Act Regulating the mode of conducting Cipital Executions. Section 1. Be it cr,acted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the State of South Carolina, now met and sitting in General Assembly, and by the authority of the same : That from and after the passago of this act, when the punishmcut of death is inflicted upon any person, pursuant to the sentence of any court, the execution shall take place withiu the jail or tho enclosureof the jail of the couuty wherein such execution shall be made, if the same eau there A_1 t # * iuko piaco in sucti uiauucr. Sec. 2. That no ono shall be allowed'to be present at such execution except tho sheriff of the county or his deputy und his assistants, the clergy, the State solicitor, the attorney or attorneys who defended the convict, the family of tho convict, and not more than ten discreet persons to be named by the sheriff; which said ten persons shall be summoned by the sheriff and be required to be present. Approved March 1, 1878. An Act to amend an Act entitled "An act to enforce the Payment of the Poll Tax." Skction 1. He it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives ot the Stato of South Carolina, now met and sitting in General Assembly, and by the authority of the same : That Section 1 of an act entitled "An Act to enforce the payment of the poll tax," which became a law on the 21st> of February, 1873, be, and the same is hereby, amended by inserting after the words "double the amount of their poll tax," the words "and all costs and expenses occasioned by such refusal or neglect;" and by striking out tho words "three days," in said section, and inserting in lieu thereof the words "ten days." Sf.c. 2. That Section 2 of said Act be,, and the same is hereby, amended by iuscLting t tier the words "double tar," as often, as they occur, the words "and all costs and. expenses, as aforesaid." Approved March 1, 187S. Eternity.?Eternity has no gray hairs. The flowers fade, the heart withers, mau ~i.i ..-a -i:? u i: i Uiu unu wiu?, nil* VYUriU 1IC5 UOWD ltl> the sepulchre of ages, hut liuies writes no. wrinkhs on eternity. Eternity ! Stupendous thought! The eter present, unborn,, undccaying and undying, the endless chain composing the life of (Jod, the golden thread, entwining the destinies of the universe.? Earth has its beauties, but time enshrouds them for the grave ; its honors are but the sunshine of an hour; its places arc but gilded sepulchres ; its pleasures, they are but as the bursting bubbles. Not so in the untried bourne. In the dwelling of the Almighty can come uo footstep of decay. Its way will know no darkening, eternal splendor forbids tho approach of night. ??? Mamma, where do the cow fret the milk? asked Willie, looking up from the foaming pan of milk which he had been intently regarding. Where do you get your tears? was the answer. After a thoughtful silenco he again broke out: Mamma, do the cows have to be spanked? If your landlady's daughter is pretty, jou uiay say, "J'lease pass me that, honey."