Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page. It is also available as plain text as well as XML.

|I *1 M WEEILXgllOI TIMES. VOL. IX.?New Series. UNION C. H., SOUTH CAROLINA*, JANUARY 18, 1878 ' NUMBER 3. 11 1 1 11 >?. . II. l._L_ | __ _ ^ _ ' _ _ _ ^ w. VEtBBINABY ADVICE- I THE FUTUBEOP COTTON IN THECABOLINAB. I TUP tvi nt " 1 r> i i i/ ? .... i ? - - ^uHHucrcu nurse*.?norsc Dadly loundfitcd, could scarcely walk for two weeks, but has largely improved without treatment by going barefooted in wet slough.? W. D Keep hiui ?nshod, but cut off any undue length of toe, let hint walk uiaiuly on his heol. Apply the followiug around the top of the hoof and for two inches upward :? Powdered cantharidcs, } dr,; camphor, 10 grains; alcohol, 3 oz. llub this well in, and repeat it daily until the skin gets tcuder bnd scabs form. Suspend until tho scabs fall off and then reapply tho liniment.? J Keep the horse as utuch as possible in tho L II ejougl^ Of if thia cannot bp done, stern tho, lectoccasionally for an hour rl a tune in tepid water aud then smear them?wall, sole and frog?with the following : Wood tar, 6 oz.; yellow wax, 1 oz.; mutton fat G oz.; tnelt over a slow Gre, aud stir well while cooling. Overloading of the stomach is the most common cause of founder in localities whore hard work aud liberal feeding is a ? tho rule. Lost appetite.?A mare since nu attack, of colio has proved dumpish and refused to eat more than half feeds of grain, when v' kept at work cats rather better than when idle, and takes grass aud hay-, very well.? ^ y i. H. M. The colio has evidently partaken of the nature of inflammation and lias left effects Which may or may not be remediable. In feucli eases fibroog^Iiaods arc sometimes formed, which hamper tho movements of the bowels, impair digestion, and predispose to future attacks of colio. These cannot be remedied. In othcrcasesthclininguicmbrano of the bowels, and even of the stomach becomes tho seat of a chrouic catarrhal inflammation which greatly imp&irs digestion aud causes loss of appetite aud condition. In this state tho dung is likely to be Eassed in a partially digested stale, aud peraps with an occasional film of mucus, and sourish odor. Feed mainly grass with ground oats, a handful of linseed cake daily, and carrots nnd turnips if available.? Oivo daily two drachms ground gentian ; one drachm cnscurilla ; ten grains nux vomica, and oue drachm white bismuth. Place a piece of salt ih tho manger to be licked at will, nnd give regular cxcrciso and good grooming. If the duug smells sour add one ounce calcined maguesia daily to the food. ? OCltA'VWUKS Oil OUKA8E.?-TUO Causes uf scratches aro all agcucies that iuduco irritation in tho skin of tho heels and pastern ; standing in wet straw-yards, among decomposed manure or its liquid drainings; standing with wet, muddy limbs after work ; standing in snow or suow water; currents of cold air striking on the heels; irritant ammouiucal funics from decomposing dung or urine ; washing the heels with caustic soap; tho irritation ewosed by parasites on the heels; working on roads where the limbs sink in deep mud, or spatter it over them; the irritation caused by tho short, bristly hair after tho heels have henii elinrwwl ? ?rr? J swelled logs, caused by long standing iq. deep litter ; by weakness of the circulation, diseased heart, liver, or kiducys, or by sprains or other injuries to the limbs; irritation of tho skin iu connection with heating food and lack of cxcrciso; and fiually some unknown and constitutional tefcdoDoyA&a.tf i all in different cases become causes of scratches. In seeking a cure, the first thing is to ascertain the active cause of the disease and remove it. In tho great majority of cases this will be a local irritant; but whntcver it is, its discovery aud abatement is essential to a permanent cure. Next attention must be given to sootho tho irritated skin; and when there is much heat nud tenderness, a poultice may bo ucccssary. A linseed uical poultice, with a weak solution of sugar of lead poured over its surface, will be as good as any. When heat and tenderness havo been subdued, any free discharge (grease) may bo checked by wrapping in cloths, wet with a solution of sulphate of zinc, half a drachm of chloral-hydrate, and five ounces of glycerine, in a quart of water. When |.Ka HitoKnrrvn lino nanon/l ?n/l Ua-a ?' but the somewhat raw, scabby eruption, smear daily with bruzoatcd oxide of zinc oiutment.?JV. J. Tribune. ? The Ciiufa, or Earth Almond.?The cultivation of this plant, known botanically as the cypcru* csculcntus, is of some interest to our renders. Its introduction is of recent date and the general report of thoso who have planted sued during the past year is vory favorable. The ehufa is undoubtedly adapted to our latitudoand climate. It is very prolific, so much so, that several bushels can be raised from a small quantity of seed. The cultivation, wo are iuformcd, is not more oxpensive than thut of peanuts. The tubers are very pleasant to the tasto and arc rccotnincded by thuso familiar with the subject, as an excellent crop for hogs. Small quantities of seed have been distributed by the Agricultural Bureau at Washington. One of our subscribers in Kobeson county, who has experimented during the past year thinks that with proper cultivation, and with comparatively small expense ho can raiso 400 bushels per acre. Wd advise our renders to plant scod of the 'earth almond" during the present year. / L The cultivation of cotton iu the Caroliuns for several years past has been attended with little profit. Instances uiay be cited where individuals have been successful, but these irsttinccs nro rare. Generally the cultivation has been carried on uudcr a * high pressure system by use of expensive fertilizers and by pcrilliug the landed and personal property of the farmer. Too little nttentiou has bccu paid to tho pormancut improvement of the soil. The natural conscquenco is that the soil is becouiiug exhausted by tbii expensive aud hazardous tillage. A disastrous crop year brings ruiu to thousauds of farmers. Credit has bctfiat"tT^^^r^rs^m^bavo n'icumuVatcS 1 monov. denosit it in Vinnka urlmrn #Vi.? <!? of it is enjoyed almost exclusively by merchants. Tho only way in which farmers are benefitted by the capital of the country is in supplies advanced by their factors at high rates of interest. Homesteads and personalty cxcuiptious have rendered ucces- i sary the enactment of laws for the protection of factors who make advances. The credit of the farmer who mortgages his crop i is necessarily confined to his faciei. Credit, j even with the protection of a crop lien, is generally hazardous, and the rate of inter- . est charged is necessarily high. We venture tho opiuion that niuc-teuths of the farmers arc opposed to paying more than 8 per ccut. for the loan of money. It is among this class that usury laws find their sturdiest i defenders, yet farmers unhesitatingly contraot debts for supplies at higher rates of iuttrcst than aro paid by au^ other cla& or people. The farmer, perhaps unwittingly, ri'lVU r.vini 9fl fn 9^ ? 1'* ? I '"J" ??vui MV WV ??/ J/Vt l/CUb. IUI urt'Uit UU I advances made on his crop, while lie would i refuse to pay more thau 8 per cent, for loan | of money. By our expensive system of cultivating ( cottou our farming communities arc yearly i depleted of capital which is seeking a safe ( investment elsewhere. Farmers arc iu . debt. Judgments, mortgages and crop liens i arc hanging threateningly over them. In- ] stances where individuals have growu sud- < denly rich afford no evidence of general prosperity. Under the present system cot- j ton does not pay. While prices ruled high, , its cultivation was n great success. Noth- | ing short of desperation is it to persist in ] any busiuess where experience tells of loss. Unless we immediately adopt a line of pel- | iuj 111 llilo Uiuttui | nvwLvi?j ivtU di i i v vir. } cultivation of cottou to sections where it ' more naturally belongs, if the farmers of $ the Carolinas will realize and practice the < necessity of raising their own supplies, then j we believe cottou culture will be a blessing; otherwise it will continue to be a hazardous | business and fraught with ruiu to thousands i of our. citizeus. The cry so frequently i heard of paying too high for labor is per- 1 haps true, but the main trouble consists in ] ]>at/ini7 too high for credit. Labor is as j oKonri f A..dr* ti in I 1. ? ? ? ? - ? ? * vuvu|/ vu'umj iu ?uq vuiuuntn as 111 any purlion of tb'e South, while the rate of interest charged1/ and perhaps necessarily so, is higher thau that paid in any other part of the world. Uuless we cultivate our own breadstuffs, and adopt a belter and less expensive system of tillage, the future of cotton in the (Juroliuas is not eucouragiug.? Carolina Farmer. M&dir Phosphate Flour and German Kainit.?Week before last we suggested to farmers the economy of using the Phosphate Flour, German Kainit and Land Plaster, in compost, instead of buvinc the more costly Super-Phosphates. The following, from the Anderson Intelligencer, furnishes further information on this subject: "Farmers, now is the time to prepare to make up your compost heaps. A Georgia farmer says : 'J)o not waste your cotton seed by putting it upon your laud in a raw state, when, by composting it with stablo manure, phosphate flour aud a small amount of German kaiuit, one pound will go as far as ten pouuds applied iu a green stato.' The phosphate flour can be obtaiued from tho manufactory in Charleston at about $10.50 per ton, aud is the basis of nearly all the superphosphates now 6old as fertilizers, aud is superior to the acid phosphate, and not near so costly. A few farmers in this County ordored a car load last spring for composting, and nre well pleased with the experiment, and expect to try it again, when they will havo a longer time for tho compost heap to maturo itself. One ton of phosphate flour, one ton cotton seed and one ton stable manure, with two hundred pounds of | Gorman kainit, properly composted, will , make three tons of fertilizer at a cost of 812 per ton not inferior to that which costs you 810 per ton at tho factory." To Ranish Rats.?Rats cau bo ban- 1 ished by covering tho floor near the rat hole with a thin layer of moist caustic potajh. When the rats walk on this it makes their feet sore. These they lick with their tongues, which makes their mouths sore, and tho result is that they not only shun this locality, but appear to tell all tho neighboring rats about it, aud eventually the house is entirely abnudoucd by them. i? Woman's Wit.?"See hero, wife, you indulge that boy too much. Ho's a perfect mule." "Oh, husband, please don't aocuse our poor boy of having an ass for a father." Tho old gentleman was silent. mmrnrnm ABA A AJ Alt 1 t The Unitod States Commissioner of Ag^ riculture, General Lo Due, is alivo to the* fact that farmers arc not careful, thoughtful and methodical enough, and rely too uiuch upon the habits and uinnucrs that have couic down perhaps from a long line of ancestors. lie knows they*too frequently fail to calculato the cost of growing a crop, and perhaps never know till the end of the year whether a crop has or has uot any net money iu it. Ho is therefore particularly anxious to test a variety of vegetables and plauts in different latitudes, and learn whether or not they would not be more profitable as crops than those now culand things that if our pcoplo art*?fcally as poor as they say they are, the tea plant might supplant many of the roses and evergr?ens seen in tho front of most of our dwellings; for while theso latter simply please the eye or refresh tho olfactories, the former, if cultivated properly, would be made to help the pocket. No otic receives material pnymcnt for cultivating flowers, and it is quite an expense and labor; and hence all over Soutli Carolina those grand and beautiful old flower gardens, which were so handsome in untr helium times, are now frequently givcu up to weeds and briars. It would not be so with the tea plant; for after a year or two, it would become a sourco of profit, and this profit would incrcaso nnuually. At present the United States arc importing auuually several millions of dollars' worth of Chinese teas, and they are nil, moro or less, so medicated that, 'tis acid, the original grower could scarcely recognize the beverage if he wcro to quaff it in America. If South Carolina were half as devoted to tea culture as she is to the culture and in provemcnt of cotton, there could bo millions of dollars worth of tea grown aud sold in this State annually; and that, too, by the intelligent, industrious, lovely South Caroliua women. Ouly thiuk what we aro losing by our ignorance. Gcueral Lc Duo has received valuable information upon this subject from Mr. James Edwurd Culhoun, of Abbeville county, S. C., who for years has nrown the tea plant, uinl drunk it pure and unadulterated. Mr. Calhoun writes him the fruit of the tea plant is a capsule, the hull of which uua u:vmj ?r"V?ii. [ Fhis is another valuable discovc^^nnd should make us more anxious all over the South to iutroduco the culture of the tea plaut. About two thousand plants have this fall seen sent into South Carolina by the Commissioner, and it is about all he had. He s preparing to have a million plants ready jy next fall, and if the parties to whom he lias sent these plants in South Carolina will lidjiiui in his eiTorts, and report, us prom sed, tlioir success with the plants given hem, he anticipates that in a few years he will be able to have the tea prepared for market, with much profit, in several por,ious of the State.- . His idea is to induce .ho cultivation of the plant at many points aid wheu the area becomes large enough, then to establish in some cautral point, perliaps Columbia, the manufacture of the merchantable article. . ' "v*Wo sincerely hope the parties to whom these plants havo been scut will bestow more than ordinary care upon thcui, and ut the proper time report their success to the iopartmcnt. General Lc Due is also very anxious to subject the sweet potato (yam) to chemical analysis, with a view to test whether or not it would be a profitable business to engage n the manufacture of sugar from the yam. Millions of dollars' worth of sugar arc made tnnually by the French and by the Canalians on this side of the Atlantic, from the sect, and if the palate is qualified to judg3 it can bear testimony to the superior swcctaess of tho yam over the beet. Wo hnve written to a friend to send a few yams to ,hc department, and we will watch with much interest the result of this annalysis, and repor it. There is now if " 't'om 3m Lpon sugar," ind every lump f x v ? t"0 parent more than it a.. ni SppjiJtcto the necessity and advisability of just such experiments is aro proposed to be mndo at the department. The object is to learn if wo cannot manufacture sugar to export, and prevent the necessity of any importation. Let us hold up the Commissioner's hand in his efforts. Neuralgia and Rheumatism?A very simple relief for neuralgia is to boil a small handful of lobelia in half a pint of water till tllft ulrnncrlli i? nut. nf tli? LawI. _ n-? """ "i then strniu it off and add a tcaspoonfui of fino salt. Wring cloths out of tho liquid as hot as possible and spread over tho part affected. It acts like n charm. Change tho cloths as soon as cold till tho pain is all gono; then cover the ptoco with a soft, dry covering till nil pcrspirutinn iso ns to prevent taking cold. Rheumatism nan ofteu be relieved by application to tho pain* ful parts of cloths wot in a weak solution of sal-soda in water. If tlicro is inflammation in tho joints, tho euro is very quick; tho wash needs to be lukewarm.? Cor. Country Gentleman. HOW FARMERS SHOULD EDUCATE THEIR SONS. J The general practice in the South among farmers is to givo their sons a classical education, fitting them for the professions of law, medicine and divinity, to tho neglect df the practical sciences. The natural consequence is that tho land is tilled with poorly pAid doctors nud preachers, and second rate lawyers. The farnmjfe iutcrcsts of the country arc coufided generally to those whose education has been neglected. The tendency of this pernicious system is to crcuic among the educated youth of the land a contempt for any business that re* quires mauual labor to sustain it. Instances are rare where young men adbpt mcchan ^iin m vr i n ii11 While our country is sadly in need of skilled hbor, our schools aro turning out annually fresh supplies of professional men who expect to live upon the labor of others. What the South needs is a change, a thorough, radical change, in her educational system. We need mechanics, miners, engineers and educated farmers. Our country needs development, but this development will never be attained by coulining the attention of young men to the study of classical literature, to the neglect of mathematics and natural science. The educated Caroliuian frequently knows more of Horace's Art of Poetry thau of guiding the plough or harvesting a crop. He is better acquainted with the Sabine forui of the heathen poet than with that of his father who has by a life of toil accumulated means to educate him We do not decry a study of the dead languages, but wc do decry the practice of giving an ornamental education the prcforance over that which so nearly concerns the prosperity of our country. Life is too short to attempt to teach a man everything. Practical education is what wo need. This is what the South needed before the late war and what she needs now. The want of skilled labor is not owing to a want of intellect among our people. It islduo to that pernicious system of education which allures the ' young from the plow, the loom anil the workshop, to the already crowded fields of professional life.? Carolina Farmer. MAXIMS ON THE HOUSE. 1. Let your colt be domesticated and live with you from his tendercst age, and, when a horse he will be simple, docile, faithful, and inured* to h.tVdaiiips and fatigue. tbctn in a loud tone of voice; do not get angry with them, but kindly rcprovo their faults; 'tiny will do better thereafter, for they understand the language of man and its meaning. 3. If you have a long day's journey before you, spare your horse at the start; let , him frequently walk to recover his wind.? Continue this until he has sweated ' and dried three times, and you may ask of him , ?i.- -i i '? 1 picuao, .nc win uot leave }'0U *iu difficulty. 4. Observe your horse when he is drink- 1 ingatabrook. If in bringing down his head Ije rcui^iu# square, without bending his limbs, lie 'possesses sterling qualities, and all parts of his body are built symmetrically, 5. Four things he must liu^tftfcood? front, chest, loius ana limbs; four things long?neck, fore-arm and croup; four things short?pasterns, back, cars and tail.? Tribune. Postal IIuunus.?It is the duty of postmasters at other than letter carrier offices to distribute local newspapers from the boxes or gcucral delivery of their offices free of postage, when the same are properly dried, folded and addressed, one copy to each actual suhsorilipr PP?i?lii>c? 'in llin n e, ... where the papers are printed, in whole or in part, and published. Subscribers to such papers arc not required to rent post office boxes in order to have their papers delivered Tree of postage when called for. Postmasters arc required to be always in readiness, in person or by their assistants, to receive the mail when it arrives, and when the mail stops over night where there is a post office it must be kept in the office. Letters having one full rate?three cents prepaid thereon?must be forwarded in the mails. Should they weigh more than onehalf ounce the additional amount due for postage should be rated up thereon, to be collected on delivery. The postngo on second nr.d third cla?s matter must be prepaid iu full, or not to be forwarded. Mail contractors must pay the postage on tncir communications to postmasters and the department with the ordinary stamps, the same as private individuals. 1>11'liTii ElllA.?We feel it our duty to give a recipe for tho cure of diphtheria, which we know from pcrsoal knowledge has cured several severe eases. It is simply to put some pure tar on a plate and apply hot coals to it, not hot enough, however, to crcutc a blaze. Thou place a funnel upside down over the tar and let the patient inhale tho fumes arisiug from the burning tar through the spout of tho funnel. It will give instant relief, and may he repeated as often as may be necessary. Tar spread on a piece of cloth and applied to the throat in connection with tho inhaling process is also good, much better than old flitch and liniments. It should not be removed until tho throat is relieved of all soreness. the cohfedekate gold. Washington, January G.? It appears tKftt the claim made for the coin of the Richmond Ranks covered into the treasury is now presented by Win. A. Isaacs & Co., of Richmond, who in 1871 purchased tho claim. Tho assets of the Rank of Virgiuia and the Farmers' Rauk of Virginia wcro sold by order of tho United States Court in 1871, and the coin aud bullion covered into the treasury were considered as part of the assets. The history of this coin aud bullion is quite interesting. On the day Richmond was evacuated by tho Confederate forces the coin and bullion, amounting to about 8450.000} was loaded on one of the last .. , m Kiivuif, tiiavnvj aua cruvto ziTJUtT* villc, S. C. From that place it was transported in wagons to the town of Washington, iu Georgia. In May, 1803, tho banks obtained from General Patrick, then in command of tho United States troops at Richmond, a permit to bring their property back. Several of the officers of the banks went to Wash mgiou ana started Uack witli their treasure. When about eighteen miles from Washington, it is stated, they were met by a roving band of ex-Confederate soldiers and relieved of 8250,000. The remaining 8200,000 was safely carried to Richmond and delivered to the banks. Of the stolcu 8250,000 about 8100,000 was subsequently recovered and taken back to Washingtou, Ga. In duly the agents of the banks made another ^ attempt to remove this money, but General Wild, in charge of the frccdnien's bureau, objected, aud said he would take possession of it for the benefit of that institution.? They then appealed to General Stcadman, in command of the department of Georgia, who overruled Gcucral Wild. By the advice of General Stcadman it was then taken to Augusta as a safer place than Washington. General Wild, however, sent word to Secretary Stanton aud others about it.? Just as the bank officers were starting from Augusta, with a permit from Gcucral Terry una a sale conduct from General Stcadman, a special treasury agent arrived with orders from Mr. Stanton to transport the coiu and bullion to this city, where it was placed as a special deposit in the treasury. The banks then made application here, and after a full consideration 1'resident .Johnson, upon the advice of Attorney-General Speed, ordered the Secretary of the Treasury to turn it over to t,,n i uifcn J reosHrer, delayed t- wtth tms < order, and went down to me Ctl^dtpJ personally and procured the passage of a joiut resolution through both Houses, ordering the whole amount to be covered into t'no treasury. The resolution was referred to no committee, but passed both Houses the samo day it was introduced. General Spinner then immediately sent tho bullion to tho mints to be coined, in order that all trace no luuutii'jr iiuguc oe tost.?unit. Sun* ? Effets of Breathing Foul Air.? The air we breathe, which a great English physician calls gaseous food, may become impure to the degree of being indigestible to our lungs and utterly uufit for the performance of fuuetions which are quite as important as those of our solid and fluid victuals. Dull headaches, nausea, loss of appetite and of the sense of suicll, and the sadness produced by the unsatisfied hunger of oxygen, arc only incidental and secondary evils ; the great principal curse of tho troglodyte habit is its influence on the respiratory organs. In 1853, when Hanover and other parts of northern Germany were visited by a very malignant kind of smallpox, the great anatomist Lagcnbcck tried to discover "the peculiarity of organic structure which disposes one man to catch the disease whilo his neighbor escapes. I have cut up inore human bodies than the Old Man of the Mountain with all his accomplices," ho writes from (Jottingen in his semi annual report, "and, speaking only of tny primary object, I must confess that I am no wiser than before. Hut, though tho mystery of small-pox has eluded my search, my labors have not been in vaia ; they have revealed to me something elso?the origin of consumption. I am sure now of what 1 suspected long ago, viz, that pulmonary diseases have very little to do with in tempern n no nr iriH> ai?a*Ia 1 1 ...vv ? ...v.. UIVV1I/ VAVCHVB, HIIU U1UCU 1KSS with cold weather, but arc nearly exclusively (if we except tuberculous tendencies inherited from both parents, I soy quito exclusively) produced by the breathing of foul air. The lungs of all persons, minors included, who had worked for soun years in closo workshops and dusty factories, showed the germs of tho fatal disease, whilo confirmed inebriates, who had passed their days in open air, had preseivcd their respiratory organs intact, what-cvcr inroads their excesses had mado on the rest of their system. If I should go into practice and undertake the cure of a consumptive, 1 should begin by driving him into tho Pcistcr (a densely wooded mountain range of Hanover) and prevent him from entering a house for a year or two."?Popular Science -? - ? "Soak" is the only Jupancso equivalent of "baptize," and the Japanese Rible consequently reads, according to a religious paper, the Alliance: "In those days camo John, tho soaker, prcachiug to soaking of repcntanco. Repent and be soaked, every one of you."