Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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j^l^_ ;* - - * ? f f- ? . . _ .. . _. ... m" iiiiii iiii ih?wmt<lk^l 11 .u-r-^rr- t? ? "* - r ~ / boilj>q stock. Editor Times :?The subjoined Agricultural editorial in the New York Sun, of Julj 35th, on soiling' stock, is such nn appropriate supplement to my article on the Fenco law, that you will please republish it' . for the benofit of your readors One important feature of tho subject which cs- , oaped my notice is here alluded to; that is, 1 rtho amount of forage destroyed or otherwiso ,rendered useless by stock running in pas- , ;ture. CLODHOPPER. 1 "The cultivation of corn for fodder, both < in its green and dry state, has largojy in-' creased during the past few years, aud is likely to be considerably extended as land 1 becomes dpar in the older and more thickly 1 settled States. In the dairy region soiling of stock is rapidly increasing iu favor, for 1 the farmers are beginning to learn that to 1 posture tboir cattle is not the most eoonom- 1 ical system, which they can pursue, cape- 1 cially where tho land may be readily oulti- J rated. As land becomes dearer and labor cheaper, there must bfc a corresponding con- 1 centration of capital,*and higher culturo of ! nil soil accessible to the plough and harrow. Neatly a half century ago Josiah Quincy 1 of Massachusetts urged tho importance of 1 adopting a system of soiling of stock, in ' preference to the almost universal practice ! of depending upon pasturage in summer, which necessitated the use of a large number 1 of aores to heap a few head of cattlo, when 1 the latter might be supplied from a small ' area by a judicious selection and cultivation j . of animal plants, prominent among whioh 1 was Indian corn. Mr. Quincy olaimedthat 1 the main advantages of soiling were: 1.? < The saving of land; 2. The saving of fen- ' oiug; 3. The cnoonomising of food; 4. 1 The better oonditisn and greater comfort of 1 <bo cattle; 5. The greater product of milk; j 6."The acquisition of manure, whioh is neocssary to keep up the fertilo condition of 1 the soil. * ' ] As regards his first point, "the saving of 1 jaud," it has long since been proved by ex- 1 poriments that from four to six times as ' many eattle can be kept on the same num- ' bor of acres by soiling, as can be done by ' pasturing, oven in localities where the nat- 1 oral or introduced pasture grasses thrive 1 best. Tho other five propositions must be .self-evident to every good farmer,, and we ' will pass them without further comment, 1 merely noting the faot that it is not so much * what stock cat from the pasture as what they destroy in obtaining their food. They ( trample down much of the grass, their droppings injure another portion, aud in ' resting they lie down upon another portion, in eaoh case making tho grass so offensive that ( it is seldom touched by thcui during tho 1 season. Looking at tho matter in the above light, it may readily be seen that animals destroy 1 far mar A fVfcrwl iKnn iKnir /mnanma ?rl*5r?K 4r\ J ~?.....?, w .a certain extent is a direct waste, calling ' .for a large outlay of capital in laud without any adequate return While it is doubtless ' necessary for animals to take a certain 1 -amount of exercise in order to keep them ' in health, it is poor economy to make them \ travel miles, or all day long, in order to ob- 1 tain sufficient food lor a comfortable subsistence. In fact, in a poor pasture the forced labor to obtain food often keeps the 1 animals poor, while the same amount, if of 1 easy access, would be sufficient to keep them fat, or at least in good condition. It is true that in soiling more labor is 1 required to raise, prepare and deliver the ' food to stock than when they are made to 1 gather it tor themselves in a pasture; and ' upon the oost of this depends tno advisabil- 1 ity of adopting the system in any par tic u-' lar locality. But as labor issteadilv becoming more abundant and cheaper, with every in- < dication of a still farther deoline in prices, 1 the principal objeetion to the soiling system 1 is gradually being removed, and it would be well for our farmers to at once ascertain its 1 merits and see if it would not help many of 1 them to increase their profits, < CROPS FOR SOILING. Fall sown rye comes in for early cutting, ' and is fa* ahead of any orop which oan be raised from seed sown in spring. In the Southern States, winter oats may take the plaoe of rve, although they require a much rioher soil. Among the perennial plants which oeme forward early in spring, the alfalfa, or lucerne, and orohard grass desserts especial attention, both for soiling and dry forage. Later in the season, Indian corn must hold a prominent position in the list, for it is one of tho moat easily raised of all our forage plants, and tiolds mora tons per aore of succulent and nutritious fodder than any other species of tho grass fhmily. In all mild olimates, two or . thcto sowings should bo made, in order to kofp up ft succession until the crop is likely to he out off by frosts, and then wnat h. left may bo out up nod cured for futuro use.? Tho groat advantage of corn over the annual grasses is, that it will grow luxuriantly in the hottest weather of July and August, when the meadows and postures are parohed and dry, and its largo succulent stom aud leaves, are thon relished by cattle even more than earlier or later in the season. Of oonrse, if sown thiuly, the stalks become * coarse and woody, but this may be easily prevented by putting in more seed, thereby reducing tho sice and increasing tbo number. Hungarian millet is an excellent plant for soiling, coming in at tbo same season as corn, but the stems and leaves are not so coarse, consequently many farmers give it the preference. There are. many othor plants which have more or less reputation for soiling purposes; \ pmoug these wc may mention tho Jerusalem 1 artichoke, prickly couifrey, sorghum in great ' variety, and even the common sunflower; therefore, the farmer cannot fail for want of a goodly list to select from, or for plants ' .j?i- i auupiuu 10 nis soil or climate, if ho be located auysucre outside of the Arctic regious. Cultivation of JjUCkiine.?Tho selection of land is very important. " I profo* a deep, rich loam, neither clay nor sand, but what the plough boys call "posliy land," sticks to the plough ; it must he far enough from tho baru for chickens and other fowls not to find it; must be at least thirty yards from a green tree of any kind, will not grow near roots. Old clover land will not answer. The clover lives on the samo food that lucerne wants and it is exhausted; also tho clover will come up with it and choko it out. [ prefer land that has been worked iu Irish potatoes for a number of years. If that is not convenient, go into the wheat field in June, select tho richest lot as well as loose, soft land, turn the stubble after applying 25 wagou loads of stable manure (20011)8. per load) to the acre. As soon as the grass and weeds come up, plough again with Murfco's subsoil or aHwrow^bUll-tongue, contrive to plough alter each rain until all tho seed, ooth grass and weeds, have been brought to tho surface, sprouted and killed. The first rood turnip season in August, (prefer the Srst week in August) sow ten pounds to the tore, after the ground has been thoroughly ploughed and harrowed, until you havo a 50od Hood bed 18 inches deep, cover with a ight brush. During August and Septem- < ber, the young plant uiust be watched, and < I attacked by grasshoppers, top-dress whilo ' sret with dry ashes, lime, silicate or ammo- ' aiated Guano?prefer Sea Fowl?no more > trouble to get a stand than of turnips, if s iown at the same tirno?only the land must < be much richer. The young plant will grow 1 ten to twelve inches the first fall, but must < not be cut nor grazed. Tho next year cut as often as you can i with a good Dutch scythe. Cutting often, < makes the root strong, and hence more bran- < chcs from the crown. i The first year you will get from three to i 5vo cuttings, from 18 to 30 inches each time, i After the first year you can get from 6 to 8 1 cuttings, 30 inches. 1 One acre will furnish more horse feed than ten of tho best millet, clovor, corn, or ' oats. j In the last fivo years, I have fed my horses, from tho first of April uutil near frost, on i nothing except greeu Lucerne, (cut twice a week and hauled to the barn.) During a long drought it don't grow fast. 1 will compare my stock at any time with coru-fcd stock that have the same hard work i to do. For hay, nothing is bettor?cures i quick and bright?no lost leaves?all stay ' en. Six hours' suu will cure it. Ono acre is enough for ten horses or mules. They will keep fat all tho summer without any oorir. In fact, stook that have enough lu- 1 corne will not cat corn, fodder or clover, but 1 must have access to salt daily. Suppose that it costs $100 to prepare and 1 sow one aore, you get your money back ev- < cry year, with interest. Although the crop i taken off is very heavy, I don't consider it a i ?reat exhauster, as it roots very deep into 1 the subsoil as well as feeds from the atmos- I phero.? Cor. of Southern Home. ? < How to Fatten Stock.?A old far- 1 mer thus relates his experience in fatteniug ' kanf onf) pnn/lin? /wm?? am* ^ ?? ? ' >/ww> MWM avwassug WTTO IVI UIUA. JLUJf pTttU" Lice in fattening beef and swine, as well as j feeding cows for milk, has been to pour ' boiling water on as much meal as would not make the animal's bowels move too freely ' it night and in the morning when the mash { is cool give it to the cow or pigs. In covering the meal with boiling water in this way the starch of the meal is dissolved, and the latent nutritive properties extracted, ' and tho animal reoeives the entire nutriment ' of the grain. I have for two years past fatled two ordinary size cows, feeding only meal and hay, and only threo hundred pounds eaoh of the former, and each yielded upward of forty pounds of rough tallow.? Salt was given onoe a week, and occasionally a tableapoonful of wood ashes. In my experience oao hundred pounds scalded and fed as above is equal to two hundred pouuds fed dry. Curb for Riikumatism.?Beat threo fresh eggs thoroughly up together, add half ounco oaoh of oil origanum and spirits of 1 hartshorn, and when these are well mixed, add half a pint of Btrong vinegar. Pot it in a bottle and shake it well up every time you use it. On going to bed rub the affeo tod part*. Rkmkdy fob Bronchitis.?Tako dried leaves of oommon mullein plant, powder them, and smoke them in a new clay pipe; be carcfnl that no tobacco bos been in the pipo. Draw the smoke well into tho throat, occasionally swallowing some. Use it three or four times daily. - ?, THE KILE. BY GEO. A.QUIMBY ~~t ? The uiulo is the oulfc- animal that Noah didu't take into the ax with him. I have luoked over the irci?jpt list carefully, aud could not see a mule wnybillcA for any place. So clear-headed a man an Noah did not dare Lo take one ou board, as be knew he would kick a hole through her in less than a week. [ don't know a man on whose head you could pour quicksilver and run less risk of its spilling oil' than on Noah's, lie was a dreadful level-headed man, auA beforo the freshet was over everybody on tbo earth re?lized>hc **aott. MMnri / ? -l-f mUB The origin oT th? mude re enVcbp?tVn a ;ood deal of mystery. Tradition |itbrms us bat when the flood had subsided, and the irk had lauded 011 Mount Ararat, Noah was .*cry much surprised in one of iiis first oblervations to find a good healthy mule standr. ?).. # e 1:-:-! - -- vu iuv tup ui an uujuiuuig uiuuiunin.? rhc same tradition informs us that the undo s the only animal that lived through the lood outside of the ark. The mule can be considered in a good liany ways, though the worst place from vhich to consider him is directly from bcdud, anywhere within the radius of ten feet. [ uover consider a mule from that point, uness I am looking out through the flue of a >oiler. Sea captains and people who have to do vith mules always pay an extra rate to life nsurancc companies. A mule aud a belt if country where yellow fovoe se.wdigenous generally stand the same as regards the leath rate. * Tho word mule coines from the Greek, indsiguifics "to stop," and the mule himself somes to a stop also. Like multiplied by ike produces like. Grasshoppers multiplied jy grasshoppers produce famine, and potato bugs multiplied by potato bugs produce i rise in the price of yeast. But when you ,ry to multiply mules by mules they dou't jiultiply, aud hcucc the word mule. You nay study your arithmetic, and read through dl of Train's lectures, but you aaunot discover why this is so, any more than you can ivhy a womau cannot put on a rubber without leaning up against something. The mule has one more leg that a milking stool, and he can stand ou one and wave ,lic other three roaud iu.us many different directions. lie has only three sepals, hearing, seeing and smelling. lie has<no more sense of taste than u stone jug, and will eat anything that coutaius nutriment", and he don't care two cents whether it be one per cent, or uinety-niuc. All ho asks is to pass him along his plate, with whatever happens to bo handy round the pantry, and he won't go away and blow how poor the stenki-is.? He just eats whatever is set before hiii, and asks uo questions. . Mules are naturally deaf, but that supreme wisdom that teaches the little boy to wipe his nose on his sleeve, has fi'tcd the mule out with a pair Qf cars that counteracts its deafness so he can hear as readily as a person when you don't want him to.? These cars answer a doublo purtosc, as tunnels to pour sound into his head] and also as fans to brush away the flies with* wad keep his head cool. They are hung by hinges to the sides of his head, and flap backward and forward like a pair of wot trowscrs around a boy's legs. In cold latitudes quite a tasty business is done in mule ears. The ears are cut off and dried, and sold for snow shoes, and tho stubs are trimmed up and tho mules ire sent South and sold for horses. In this way a great many fine horses arc purchased Tor the army by tho United States. If I wero to havo a large picture of inno :ence to hang up iu my parlor, apd I did not wish to sit for it myself, I shoufd got a sorreot likeness of a mulo. There is innocence enough depicted iu a mule's countenance to fit out a Sunday school class. It looks as guileless as an augcl wort). A mule never grows old or dies- Once brought into cxistenco, ho continues ou forsver. The original mule is now alive somewhere in the South. Mules arc chiefly found in tho South and West. They have been more abused than Judus Iscuriot. A boy who would hot throw a stone at a mulo if ho got a chance would bo thought by his parents too mean to raiso. The mulo is a good worker, but he cannot be depended ou. Ifc is liable tosfriko, and wheu a mule strikes, humau culcujation fails to fiud out any rule by which to reckon when he will go to work again. It is useless to pound him, for ho will stand ntero beating thau a sitting-rooin carpet. He has boon known to staud cloven days in ono spot, apparently thinking of something, and then Btart off again as though nothing bad happened. \ Down South, when theV havo a surplus of small darkeys on the plantation, tbey send them out into tho barnyard to May, where thero is a loose male. Tbsy yways bid them good-bye when they start ofit, for thoy j are sure tho parting will bo fin;|. This is tho most economical stylo of funeral now in the market. i'o l'ully appreciate tho mule, bne should listen to his voice. Younevorpan really know whether you like a mule or not till you havo heard him sing. I attendod a mule concert at Fort Snelling. The programme opened with a soprano, solo, and then swung into a duet, and then pranced off into n trio, followed by a quartette, and ending with a full chorus by 150 uiulcs.? I didn't hear tho whole thing, for when 1 came too, tho rcgiuicutal surgeon was standing over me, giving me powerful restoratives, and 1 heard lifui say that I might possibly get out again, though 1 would never be a well man again. I have been through the New York fcjtock Exchange, and spent part of the day in a boiler factory, and have been ou one or two Sunday school excursions for childrcu, but I never knew what noise was till I heard a lot of aruiy mules bray. ( Cue of the dead certainties about a mule is that ho is sure footed, cspcciul)y with his hind f??w -lie never*mmphrees tb*in. "<lf ho advertises that his feet frill be at a'certaiu time, with a sample of mule shoes, to which he would call your attention, you will alwavs find thorn thoro nf tho ?i>nn!ni..il I j- ; tiuic. IIo is as reliable as tlie day of judgment, and be never cancels an engagement. Every uiau now living who drove a mule team during ibe war now draws a pension. I never owucd a mulo. 1 cauic near buyiug one once. lie was a fine-looking animal: his oars stood up like the side spires on an Episcopal church. His tail was trimmed down so that it looked like a tar brush leaning against him. Ho was stripped off like the American flag, aud Raphael's cherubs never looked more angelic thau did that mule. 11c looked all iuuocoucc, though he was, in no seusc 1 TRYING TO TRADE. The owner sat iu the wagou, with is chin. ., resting on his hand and his elbow ou his kucc. In the other hand he held a stick with a brad iu the cud of it. I examined the mule and asked the man a few questions, aud out of mere form inquired if the mule was kiud, or if he kicked? "Kind ? Kind?" said the man, and those were the last words he ever uttered. He reached his stiek over the front of the wagou, and struck the brad into that uiulc. It was awful to sec a man snuifed out as quickly as he was. It almost took away my breath he went so suddculy. 1 no?n. ...... ?1 1 111'- ? Jk uvi??t oun bUU VlllUUU U1 IIIu ?uup SO UUruptly as it did ou that occasion. lie didn't have time to leave a message for his family. That uiule simply ducked his head, and thcu a pair of heels flew out behind ; there was a crash, a flying of splinters, and that was all, and the next moment that mule aud 1 stood alone, my face covered with astonishmcut two feet deep, and his covered with a part of an old bridle. The next day 1 read an accouut in the telegraphic news of a shower of flesh in Kentucky. I was the ouly uiau that could explain that phenomenon, aud I did nut dare to, lest 1 should be implicated in the nll'uir with the other mule. I have seen death in many forms but I don't recollect of ever seeiug a funeral gotten up with less pouip aud display than ou that occasion. If L had my choice, to either work in a nitroglycerine factory, or take care of a mule, 1 should go for the factory, as in case of an explosion, there would be more possibility of my friends finding some little mementoes of me, with which to assuage their grief. A very small piece of me would lighten a very big sorrow. I will hunt arouud, and if I find anyother facts that belong to tbe mule, I will write them down, aud send them to you by express, C. O. 1>. A Bloody Honeymoon.?The following from the Rapides (La.) Gazette, gives an account of a shocking tragedy, in which a young wife lost her husband, lather and brother in a day, when all ought tc have been joy and happiness : Calvin Bass, of Iliucrton, llapides Parish, was enamored of the daughter of Jacob (J uuter, and persuaded her to elope with hiui. The couple went straightway to the residence of Parson Duff, a Baptist uiinistor residing in Calcasieu Parish, who united them iu the holy bond of wedlock. With a sense of having douo what was honorable and right, Bass returned with his wife to the neighborhood of her home, and put up at tho house of liolo Weatherford. Having learned the whereabouts of the bride, Jacob Guntcr, her father, and David Gunter, her brother, armed themselves, aud started forth on Saturday last. On arriving at tho spot where the honeymoon was to liavo been passed, David Gunter, without a word, shot his new made brother-in-law. Bass staggered, but before falling, drew a pistol and shot his father-in-law. Thereupon the brotherin-law, who was standing, set upon the brother-in-law who was wounded, nnd ended his IU1. l e ii _!iL - I--:A. iiiu uv uutu auu iui an Willi u MUIU. JLSttVlil Guuter managed to get his wounded lather houio. Conutablo Thomas Ncal made tho uoxt move by organizing a posse and starting out to arrest David. When he saw them coming David started to ruu, and the posso to stop him fired upon him and brought him down. Dr. W. Hobby, who was called in, thinks tho chances for the futhor arc slim. This is a very sad and singular catastrophe, and the predicament of tho young lady is calculated to excite the keenest sympathy. The Cxur ought to enlist iu his army some railroad firemen. The Russians were in Asia Minor six months trying to capturo Kara, and couldn't do it, and here tho railroad firemen in Maryland and Virginia were only at it three or four days, and they captured all the cars they could lay their hands on. V*. BECIPX8. Corn Cakes.?Grate half a dozen ears of green corn, stir in a 'cup. of milk, add flour with which yeast powder, iu the proportion of two tcaspootiful to the quart has been sifted, until.th^ whole is a thick batter. Add two or thrco eggs, well beaten, and a piuch of sajj. Fry as batter cakes, or bake in gem paus in u quick oven. A pleasant breakfast dish. Poached Eaas with Fried Ham.? Fry the ham, take u clean frying or omeletpan, nearly All it with boiling water, set it over a gcutlo fire, break the eggs slightl^^^^ into a cup and shp^chintg^^iJggJgg^^^^S when diiuev rat" "leui/ Vrilh a skimmer ou a dish, sprinkle a little pepper and salt over, add a bit of butter, and serve in a dish or over the ham. Muffins.?Three pounds of flour, 0110 quarter pound yeast powder, three eggs, half a pound of sugar, three ounces of butter. Mix t.ho nnwilni- 5" ? ?! ?. -l"" a ~ U.J iu nan bliU liuur in auothcr pan, rub the butter and sugar well together, then add the eggs and beat to a thin batter, then add the flour and wet with uiilk; beat thoroughly; All tho rings and bake in^i quick oven; these uiuflica arc good cold as well as hot. Sweet Arpi.e Preserves.?Tako part quinces and part apples, say about one-third quinces aud two-thirds applos, and white sugar the same as for otber preserves, pound for pound. Cut the apples iu halves and tho quinces the same, take the core out, boil them tender, lirst iu water enough to cover them, aud dissolvo the sugar in it before they arc mixed; then add them together and boil thoroughly. They will keep well. To Pickle Onions.?Choose small button onions as nearly the same sizj as possible ; peel them and pour over them strong boiling hot brine ; cover them closely, and the next day draiu them from the brine, wipe them dry, and put them into cold vinegar, with whole pepper, bruised garlic, blade of mace, and sliced horseradish.? Keep them covered with vinegar; close the jar tightly, and set iu a cool dry place. Crab Apple Jelly.?Boil until they are very tcudcr in a porcelain kettle, then peel, and push the cores out with a gooso quill. Make a syrup of one pound of sugar to one of-apples. . Cut ?legion in -small pieces, and t>Qtl w ith them'.' If too sweet with sugar it hardeus them and makes -tliem indigestible. They make a very good pickle, if any ouo has a taste for such things, and is fond of varietv. To Make Cider Vinegar.?Almost every family in the country has the materials for manufacturing pure cider vinegar if they ouly use them. Common dried apples arc all you need to make the best cider vinegar. Soak your apples a few hours? washing and rubbing them occasionallyj then squeeze them out and strain the water through a tightwoven cloth; put it into a jug ; add half-a-pint of molasses to a gallon of liquor, aud a piece of brown paper, and set in the sun or by the fire, and in a few days your vinegar will be fit for use.? Have two jugs, aud use out of one while the other is working. No family need b& destitute of good vinegar at all times who' will carefully follow the abovo directions. To Can Sweet Corn.?The corn should be picked when just milk ripe. After husking, the kernels are cut from the cob with a guaged knife, and the cob scraped to get all tho juice. Next it is placed in tiu cans without admixture (though sometimes a little sugar is added to poor corn) and seal up air-tight. Then comes the "proscssing" 0r boiling, viz : subjecting the can aud contents to the heat of boiling watcf, from one or two hours, according to the size of the can. This can only be determined bv experiment. Next th?v are u. ken from tbe boiling water and a small bole punched in tbe top of tbe can.to allow the escape of tbe gasses, and instantly resealed, alter which the can is replaced in the hot bath nnd allowed to romain as long or Ion* gcr than at first. Always contradict ill report with person* al merit. Death comes equal to us all, and makes us all equal when it comes. Concession is no humiliation, uor admission of error any disgrace. The Lord will not abondon in adversity tho man who trusts hiui in prosperity. Folly soon wears her shoes out. She dauccs so last we arc all of us tired. Goldcu wires may annoy us ns much as steel ban*, it they keep us belaud prison windows. Kiud words are amoDg (he brightest flowers of eath ; they inako the huinhlcst home a paradise. ' The largest plow, probably, over used is ouc in California, inado for Mr. Southncr, in Kern county, for ditching his land. It has a beam 14 feet long, 18 inches deep, and 6 inchos thick in the widest part; the mouldboard is 10 feet long and 3 feet wide, ~ r. k c a _!j. ?j '* ' ?uu umkix a luliun u levi W1UC, ItDU O IOOV deep. It weighs a too, and the chain by which it is hauled also weighs a ton : 80 oxen and 10 drivers aro employed to work it. This immense plow moves about six miles a day, leaving behind it a ditch of. t the sizo mentioned.