Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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flEr K*' Hraj F" THE WEEKLY UfiiOH TIM BE. : f:~- . gqwtqd'to ^jjqiqnlturq, gjortiqulturq, Domqstiq (Economy, JJolite gfitqr^|f^?litiqB, and thq Current $tros of the gajjT\ Ife, VOL. IX.?New Skries. gJT C. . - _Hhnt. ^NUMBER 28. ?' U ?- ? I - . ? L L M 1 . I. I >. ! . Ji . ., i . THE UNHOLY ALLIANCECHAMBERLAIN AN1> BLAINE MAKE COMMON CAUSE. Woodstock, Ct., J uly 4.?Ex-Governor Chamberlain in his speech here to-day, utter a long history of the Louisiana and South Carolina eases, aud a general denunciation of tho President's policy, attacked his civil ^crvicc'policy, and proceeded as tollows :? JiOuk ucxt at the relations of this aduiiuisistration to the present finauciul issues.? President Hayes has heretofore entitled ^himself to the confidcnoe of honest men by his course on this question. Nothing, sir, but the uccessity of gaining support for his C-Southern policy could have induced hiui to Contemplate an nlliauce with tho silver conspiracy, a conspiracy which regards silver - with favor only because it has lost all virtue as tistsiidtird ofratue, End rtVn ctHrentfy is cheaper than greenbacks. It is the inherent and unavoidable weakucps of his present position, the effect of his wretehod Southern policy, that he must conciliate an outraged party so far as possible by yielding now to the demand for the spoils and now to the demand for cheap mouey. Again, the Republican party by all its recent platforms is pledged to oppose the ajrijftfrof subsidies to y private corporations. JWrutftntfti who toMay knows anything of'tho ctfrrent of the influences which arc gathering at Washington is iguorant of the fact that a vast scheme is steadily maturing, unopposed, if not favored, by this administration, which aims to take from our public domain and from our public treasury untold subsidies to build a Southern Pacifio railway, a railway for which there is no present public need, and from which prir;vato capitalists would shriuk with ooutempt. the train of this gigantic effort at public robbery will come the revival of the defunct Northern Pacifio, the buildiug of levees on _ u: :?:?: ?J ? mu iu 1B5IB3Ijii, uuu Kiuurua Bcnemcs suincicnt to again corrupt the morals anu blast the prosperity of the wholo oountry, and all this is the price which must be paid for the privilege of overthrowing two lawful State govornmeuts aud trampling upon the principles upou which our government and institutions rest, the rule of tho ujtjority. Sir, there are laws of moral cause and effect as true aud certain as any physical laws. No political leador, uo political party cau 'forfeit honoror desert principles atone poiut and maintain them at another. Integrity is indivisible You cannot he dishoucst on one subject and houcst on others. The President's Southern policy, conceived ift his own " mind,'a'fcho'ek and offence to his party, reckless of justice aud of constitutional duty, if unopposed will more and mofa weaken the moral bonds which have hitherto, in spite of all its failings, secured to tho Republican party the confidence of the majority of the most intelligent and patriotic Americans for more than twenty years. Rut, fellow citizens, this gathering is not for me alone.? Others, whose titles to y.>ur coufideuce and atteution are older and better than mine, are here. The subject which I have discussed still stretches on before me, but I must close. We arc summoned to the duty of exposing i .1 ; * iuu uc-iiuuiiuiii^ a gieat cnuio?a crime more wanton and unpardonable than the crime against Kausas, which arousud the sleeping conscience of the North, aud gave its earliest victories to the Republican party. That crime was committed by a Prosidcut at the bidding of the party which elected him.? This crime has been committed in dcfianco of the principles and pledgos of the Republican party, and in dciianco of the porsonal declarations and obligations of the President. No man who counts the cost of arraying himself on the side of freedom and constitutional principles is worthy to enlist iu this iicw struggle for the honor and poace of our (Couiltr/. If I have to-day spoken the sentiiinents of uone but myself, be it so. Sileuce is :lbr uie cowardico. If, as I believe, the heart of the nation is true to the old cause, to the principles of free government, to the principles of the Constitution and tho Declaration of Independence, then let it let it speak by the voices of our leaders. Let the memories which haunt this day bo our in : t -s. ... ii- !- -m a j ppuutiuu. jjui/ ub want. n^iiiu wiui auuuib and Hancock and Jeffvrson of our early revolution, with Lincoln and Stanton and Sumner of the later revolution. Shades of the great founders and saviours of our loved country be with us in this struggle! Speak to us again your great lessons of patriotism, of courage, of self-sacrifice ! The marble and bronze in which we have preserved your human forms will crumble and corrode, but let your unconquerable spirits never behold the day when a blow struck at the heart of the llcpublic shall find your childrens' lips dumb, or their hearts dismayed. When Governor Chamberlain had concluded his speech, the Ilcv. Mr. Stoddard, of Fairhavcn, Mass., arose and said, that he desired wi'h all duo respect to Governor Chamberlain to say that he believed the sentiments expressed in the address did not represent the feeling of New England. lie it then called for all those who endorsed tho p 1 inu r\(* Pmmwloikf Uaimo t A r? 4\? 2* A*./] |/un \JJ v? A. 1 Vyomuii I' Itajuo iu (ll^Ulljr II/, <11111 three hearty cheers were given for the President. Somebody then called for three cheers for Governor Chamberlain, and they were loudly given. Mr. Wait, president of the convention then arose, and stated that it should be understood that cvciy speaker was personally responsible for what he said. As for him0 r 4 i self he had an abiding confidence in the integrity of President Hayes, aud confidence in his policy. Mr. Blaine after a full statement of the relations between the United States aud Mexico, spoke to the younger generation, "who constitute the larger part of uiy hearers.? The war with Mexico is merely a diui tradition or an historical fact, but elderly aud middle-aged people will readily remember that tho final act which precipitated actual conflict between the two countries in the spring of 1846, was not so palpable nor so menacing as that which is now being foreshadowed on tho part of our uatiou's future from the same disturbed quarter in the political heavens, and if the course of our government shall now be guidud.or oveu largely influenced, by .the men aud the interest^ that stand bchiud this movement, some'of them masked and some of them in sight, we f may fiud ourselves rushed into a war rcquir- 1 ing indeed but a petty factiou of our uiili- ^ tary strength, yet involving a serious drain upon our treasury, to be reimbursed in the end by a cession of territory acquired at the f wrong time, located in the wrong place, iu- 1 habited by an uudcscribable population, add- 0 ing weakuess where we want strength, dis- 1 cord where we need peace, a lack of patri- c otic aspiration where, most of all, we require ^ the devoted spirit of a true American nation- a ality. We arc passing through an era of Y test and trial for the Republic. The war of J1 the rebclliou is long since over, but political questions resulting therefrom, the ucw . adjustments rendered necessary by the issue 8 of the conflict, the permanent status of a n race brought into new relations, have not pj yet beon settled upon a basis that gives ade- . quale guaranty for peace, harmony nud security in the future. I do not wish to cxag- r' gerate these sources of disquietude, nor do 1 11 wish to underrate them. They present the grave problems of statesmanship for the prcs- a ent generation, snd it remains to bo seen u. whether our wisdom in peace is equai to our prowess in war. Nor would it be just to ig- s. nore or belittle the grave difficulties which 81 the States lately in rebellion have upon their own hands and within their own borders? 81 questious which they alone can adjust, hut v. which are assuredly rendered mori difficult to them by their jealously and distrust of Y the National Government, and in certain as pccts these questions arc being continually S! complicated and rendered more embarrassing Sl by the actiou of these States themselves.? e When, after the close of the rebellion, the States engaged in it were readmitted to a participation in the government of the x Union, they all came in with constitutions 0 distinctly recognizing and affirming the par j 1' amount authority of the National Govern- < l. incut, and the paramount allegiance due to it from every citizen of the United States. . Several of the States thus reconstructed . have since chauged their constitutions, and 11 in every instance save one, they have struck *.1 out the paramount authority of the Union ' and the paramount allegiance of citizens to the National Government. .. The latest ex- 1 ample is that of Georgia, that has just vo- J1 ted for a convention to revise her constitu- ' tion on which she was readmitted to represcntation in Congress, and her distinguished 1 Senator, Mr.Hill, is credited by the public s press with declaring that among prime mo- ? tives for changing the constitution of Geor- 1 gia is to strike from it pages the assertion ll that the late war was rebellion, and further, I1 to erase and annul that majestic utterance 1 contained in the 33d section of the dccla- s. ration of fundamental principles which ex- ( presses more true patriotism than was ever before proclaimed on the soil of Georgia.? u It is in these memorable words: "The ' State of Georgia shall forevot remain a member of tho American Union. The people a thereof are a part of the American nation. 1 Every citizon owes paramount allegiance to a the Constitution aud Government of the 1 United States, and no law or ordinance of thiB State in controversion or subversion thereof shall ever have any binding force." ! Wkflill is reported as saying that this patri- 1 'otto'provision should be struck from the or- '! ganic law of Georgia, and he concluded his ' speech by assuring his hearers that the full power of the South is just dawning, and that s the day is not far distant when it will eon- i trol the government of the Uuion. In view ' of these significant facts and still more significant tendencies of the Southern part of :1 our country, task uicn of all parties hero as- ! scmblcd on tho soil of Connecticut, if they 1 think it wise to provide now by the acrjuisi- a tion of Mexican territory for the creation of s additional States holding these views of the a National Government, as inevitably they r would hold them bv reason of nroximitv of 1 " r J ~ location, by the character and creed of men who would naturally inhabit and control c them. In States north of certain lines a s countless majority of the people of all parties * believe their paramount allegiance to he due ( to the Government of the United States, so [ that a conflict between a Northern State and ! the United States is practically impossible. ' In a majority of the Statos south of the same 1 line, a great mass of those who term them- * selves the governing class believe in an allegiance to their respective local govern- ( incuts superior to that which they owe to the , Government of the Union. It is the same heresy that hurried tens of thousands of ' brave and honorable men into a conflict with the government in 1801, and now sixteen 1 . m .j- " pears having elapsed, with their frightful re" :ord of war and blood, of cruelty, of carnage, '.lie tragedy onds in otic important aapjei lust where it began, with the uieu who prcjipilatcd the conflict iu solid power IVoui Maryland to Mexico, resolute in purpose, ind holding with tenacity the creed that unIcrlay the rebellion, a creed that is utterly rrccoucilablc with the least devotion to the Jniou of States.- I do not have the slightist doubt that their views are honestly held >y those who avow them. Mr. lilainc then went on to review the polcy of the government in past times in anicxing territory, and claimed that all annex- 1 itions for sixty years from the foundation of he government had been in the interest pi he South. He next advocated the nnnexition of Canada, and ^ ^yiny _ he government ought to be controlled by' llf> Nnvt h mill tll'il niini-1- iiaocIIiI., il<...?i? ts falling into the bauds of the South should >e avoided. ?. The Day We CkI/Kiiii ate.?John llan- 1 oek could not have been very warui when ic sigued the declaration of independence, r he would not have had the energy to sling he ink round in the profuse manner imitated by his signature. Hut John was a 1 oungish, vigorous sort of man at that time, 1 nd being the first on the list, perhaps lie ranted to let posterity know by his sign- 1 lanual that he wasn't afraid. The weather, 1 owevcr, must have told on old Mr. Hop- 1 ins, for liis pen wabbled about as if it was ! lipping through his fingers, and his sig- ' aturc looks as if several big beads of per- J piration might have dropped down upon 1 lie ink. Aside from the weather, it nu\at ave been rather a warming time. Yet the ] est of them seem to have written off their t amcs in the utmost coolness. ( Those wore times that tried men's souls i nd signatures. These are tunes that try i ion's paper collars and stomachs. That is ( lie only difference. Many a patriot will i tart out this morning like John Hancock's ? iguature, bold, firm and erect, and will come ( onic this evening like Stephen Ilopkin's : iguature, wabbling aud staggering, and not : 1 cry certain where he is going to stop. A , i PCOllt vesnor-t Till- ll<r> nnininns /> * i?..n?t-'.>.1 , v.. ............I. j 'ill fail to deter many men from celebrating ? bis glorious one buudrcd aud first anniver- i iry of the occasion when we assumed a ! : jparatc and equal station among the pow- j i rs of the earth, hy imbibing a prodigious < mount of good lager and mean whisky.? j ? Vtieil both' IIro OfooJ rbo iioattirv b-?.>l ? J j I isahle ; when both are had the consequcn- i < cs are horrible; when the whisky alone is ; ( oor it destroys a very good beverage, and t lie results cannot he counted upon with any | ? cgree of certainty. ' i 1 We have nothing to say concerning the , i ay we celebrate. We are all patriotic, and j I has all been said. Hut we have a word of j I dvice for those who celebrate the day, and < : is this : Don't celebrate too much. The i licrmomctcr is floating around in the nincies, the sun is scorching hot, and some i coplc have already succumbed to excessive < cat. Sometimes a man puts something in < is stomach and wants to keen it there, ami : e can't ; sometimes he puts a thing in his i tomacli and then wants to gc? it out, and he ] an't; sometimes, again, he puts something ] 11 his stomach for his stomach's sake, aud it I 11 goes into his head and he lccls top-hct*vy, < nd then tries to feel all right, and, equally, I ic can't. None of these conditions arc deirablc at any time, and especially on a hot I lay; . 1 These arc all the suggestions we have to < nakc concerning the appropriate, decorous i ad healthy observance of the nation's natal ; lav. Hy noting them there may he some < rdent brother who will he spared the regret < hat this day is still so near, was so dear, and i educed him with so much beer, and left j iitn feeling so queer.? Columbia Register l _ i A SINGULAR COINCIDENCE.?In IS.").'! I bur gentlemen entered their sons at a board- '< ng school at Cokesburry, in South Caroli- ( iq. They bad been for years intimate I fiends, and were clergymen in the Metho ! list church. These boys remained at this ' choolroom-mates and class-mates lor two j 'cars imd entered Wofi'urd College, standing datively first, s.cond, third and fourth.? ' I'bcy remained at this institution four years. ; nd were room-mates all the time, gradua- < ing relatively first, second, third and fourth 1 u a large class. They entered a law office 1 t Spartanburg and studied law under the ] anic chancellor. The war broke out, and ( t the call for troops they entered Jenkins' ! iflc regiment from South Carolina, and were 1 ness-mates in the same Company. Jleing 1 tear the same height, they stood together as souiradcs of battle in this regiment. At the ccond battle of Manassas, August, 1863, a i hell from a Federal battery fell in the ranks >f this company, and killed theso four uieu i .. A 1. \ wi.?' ? luu iiu uuiui in i ic company.j a iiej^ arc mricd on the battle field and .sleep together n the same grave. Their names are Capers, McSwaic, Smith and Duncan, and'tfi^ftmis if Bishop Capers, Rev. Dr. McSwaiu, Rev. Or. Whiteford Smith and Rev. Dr. Duncan, >f Virginia, and the last brother of Dr. Oitncnn, of Randolph (Macon) College.? flic grave is marked by a granite cross endosed with an iron railing. * Many a fellow is like a pig; you never ook to him for a straight tale. -r .. , THE COMPOST HEAP.' In the first phicc lot us have a clear understanding of what a couipostis. The word literally signifies 'a puttiug together/ and no word could better express the idea. A compost is n compounding of such elements of plant food as will best serve to render land fertile. A good cook brings his food on to the table so compounded with fat and lean, so seasoned with salt and pepper, and so prepared for easy assimilation that the very smell stimulates the appetite and the stomach finds no trouble in its digestion. What the cook does for the food of uiau the farmer should do for the food of his plants. Compost such elements of nutrition as will best nourish vegetation, and let them lie together aid cook during the warm weather, as they willby the heat generated internally by oxto^lionj favored by the gfnial condition ol" the air. The compost heap may be likcucd to a loaf of bread, in which a little leaven has leavened the whole lump, converting by a chemical process unpalatable dough into sweet food The simplest form of vegetation requires at least a dozen elements for its perfect development. Hence a compost properly prepared is the true idea of plant food. It is nonsense to suppose that because the potato is a potash plant it can live on potash alone. All plants and animals must die unless furnished with food compounded of a dozen or more elements. Mot that every fertilizer must be such a compound, for many, gencrilly most, of tlie elements of plant food tbound in the soil and air, and it may only je necessary to supply those that arc lacking n order to render a soil ferti ]<f This leads us to inquire of what the coniiost heaps should be uiade. The answer to his question must depend somewhat on the :oudition of the soil aud the nature ol the >rop to which it is applied. If the soil is miturnlly lull of vegetable matter and in :liwcd to bo cold, it would bo lolly to lnnke nlick the basis of the compost heap. Hand >r sandy loam would be much preferable.? Jn the other hand, if the compost is to be ipplicd to sandy soil, muck is just the thing or its basis. In like manner if the couipost s to be used for a nitrogenous crop, cabbarcs for instance, ammonia in some form diould be a prominent component part, in jeueral it may be said that phosphate of lime, unnionia, and potash are the constituents nest likely to be found wanting i i our long .-ultivatcd fields, and most essential to plant growth. These therefore should enter largey o?u>po*? V>r??ip Other. constitnnits should he added as the soil demand, or opportunity is furnished to supply them. Among these we may mention chloride of tedium, (common salt) and sulphuric acid, which can most economically be applied in the form of sulphate of lime, (plaster.) All the inorgauic elements of vegetation may be tbuud in ashes. Wo'thercfore put upon our sompost all the ashes, leached or unlcachcd, upon which we can lay our hands. These constituents of the compost placed in juxtaposition and being mixed and covered with some absorbent, such as muck, earth, or leaf mould, heat up by chemical action, are decomposed and recomposed? in other words are cooked, forming new compounds which arc readily assimilated byplants. The muck and leaf mould are also hastened in their decomposition by the influences of the decomposing mass, the whole forms a food which plants devour greedily. But 'whore shall we get the phosphate of lime, the ammonia, and other constituents of the compost heap ?' is the next very proper luestion of the farmer. Bones arc the great resource for the phosphate of lime. These ire lying around every slaughter house, every tanyard and almost every farui in the country, dried by the sun and air, and consequently slowly decaying. Let them be gathered and broken up by a sledge hammer if there is no mill convenient for grinding them, or they may be put into large hogsheads with alternate layers of wood ashes end kept constantly moist for a few months during warm weather, when they will be found sufficiently softened to be cut with a sharp spade. Ju this condition put into a fermenting compost they will further disintegrate aud add greatly to the value of the pile. The next constituent of the compost heap is ammonia, aud this may bo found in hamyard manure, night soil, dead leaves, and dead animals of all kinds, the refuse of the tannery, the woolen or paper mill, the slaughter house, the cesspool, and divers other places too numerous to he mentioned. Precious as ammonia is. there is probably no substance which is more wasted. 11 is going off to the sea in our sewers by thousands of tons each day. The rivers which pass our manufacturing establishments anil dense villages arc full of it, so much so as to be sources of miasma during the warm and dry months. There is no lack of ammonia, if farmers will only keep a vigilant eye for it. In fact they may shut their eyes ami their noses will tell where ammonia abounds.? Ten chances to one they con smell it ascending from their horse-stables, barn-yards, privies, and cesspools, to be wafted over others' lands, upon which it will descend with the dews and rains. Our advice to farmers is to look sharp for ammonia on their own places first, and when they have exhausted this resource go to th ? village, where night soil will he given them for the hauling. or to the woollen factory, where waste shoddy, or to the paper mill, where the waste -as??-2= ???4i(* sizing cau bo bad; both thceo articles abounding with ammonia, and both well calculated to heat up the compost heap and set the whole in fermentation. Living near u village, as wo do, our great resource for ammonia is night-soil, and there can be noth| ing better. Dead animals is another great i resource, and it is wonderful what an amount of these a village will furnish if the farmer will ouly let it be known that he has n golgotha where they may be buried. There is no trouble in finding ammonia if wo only search for it. I'otash is nut so easily found. Wlien wo could buy wood ashes for tou cents ? bushel those furnished an abundant supply, but now they .?re scarce at twice and thrice the price. Wherever unleachcd ashes can bo obtained for twenty-five cents per bushel, aud leached for half this suui, the farmer can put 110 better material in his couipost. If placed, however, in direct contact with atntnoniacal compounds their tendency is to set the ammonia free, and it must bo absorbed by soil or some other covering of the compost or there is groat waste. In the present dearth of wood ashes Providence has furnished another resource for potash in the mines of (Germany.?Ai.kxandkii iIydk, in New York Times. I'attkninti Animai.s.?A very common error among farmers, which need correction, is the opinion that animals may be fattened in a few weeks and fatted for market by heavy feeding, or, as it is termed, by pushing. Many farmers do not think of bogiuuing to fatten their hogs or cattle for _ carlv winter warkoLjiul'1 ally commenced. " ncTr food is then suddenly changed, and they arc dosed with largo quantities of grain or meal. This sudden change often deranges the system, and it is frequently some time holore they rccovc from it. From observation and inquiry wo find that the most successful managers adopt a very different course. Tliey feed moderately, with great regularity, and for a longer period. The most successful pork raiser that we have met with commonr, e I-:- ' in 111.-5 awiuu mr mc winter market early in the preceding spring.? In i'act he keeps his young swine in a good growing condition all through the winter. lie begins moderately, and increases the amount gradually, never placing before the animal more than it will freely eat. With this treatment, and strict attention to the comfort and cleanliness of tho animal, his spring pigs, at ten months, usually exceed 3tiu pounds', and have sometimes gone - - as high as 450 pounds, and wintered over each a weight of 500 or (500 pounds.? The corn which is ground and scalded before feeding, nets him. on an average, not less than 31 per hushel when the market price for pork is five cents per pound. Tiik Thuk Causk of IIokack Gukki.Ky's Dkatii.? The Sun, in an article on Horace Greeley's death, claims that the loss of the Tribune, and not his defeat in the election or domestic afflictions, was the cause of his insanity and death. It publishes a J'ur simile of an article written by Greeley, for insertion in the Tribune editorial columns, of November 8, 1872, claiming the authorship of an article entitled ' Crumbs of Comfort," which appeared on November 7, 1872, simultaneously with his card in which he announced bis intention of resuming eoui. ~ 'l'_:i - t.t:_ -1 ? iiuiui niv! j-iiuuuu. jun uisciuiuier, which the Sun says is now published for the first time, is as fullows : "lly sonic unaccountable fatality an article entitled 'Crumbs of Comfort' crept into our last unseen by our editor, which docs him the grossest wrong. It's true that office seekers send to pester him far recommendations when his friends controlled the customhouse, th dfeh the '-red nosed" variety was seldom found among them. It is not true that lie ever obeyed a summons to Washington in order that he might there promote or oppose legislation in favor of that private scheme. In short, the article is a monstrous fable, based on some other experience than that of the editor of this journal." The Sun says this disclaimer was never published in the Tribune, by order of the editor in charge, though Greeley begged and entreated for three days, that it might. Greeley then beg; u to realize that ho had 1 -1 1 ? utuMi ueposeu aim inai n lie remained connected with the Tribune any longer, it must be as a mere subordinate, lie would not consent to that, and on November 12, he left the editorial rooms of the Tribune forever, a broken hearted man, and he never returned. Almost his last coherent words were : "The country is gone, the Tribune is gone, and 1 am gone." A youth of six years, ou returning from church, inquired of his father if those who engaged in silent prayer on entering the church, all made use of the same words.? His father was unable to inform him, but asked what led to the inquiry. The boy replied that he overhead the prayer of Mr. X., who on bowing his head, made use in an audible voice of the following words :? "I wish to Heaven I had bought a barrel of flour before this cussed war broke out. Always my luck." There was an old doctor, who, when asked what was good for inusquitoes, wrote back : "How do you suppose 1 can tell . unless I know what ails the musquito ?"