Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page. It is also available as plain text as well as XML.

VOL. XXf WEDNESDAY MORNING, MARCH 1, 137L~ NO. 44. Tinea Damoi Et Dana Perente?.-Vire. j DEVOTED TO LITERATURE. MORALITY AND GENERAL INTELLIGENCE._! The Sumter Watchman. {ESTABLISHED IN 1850.) II PUBLIiHKD E'/EIt V WEDNESDAY MOK1I1NO AT SUMTER. S. C., BY GILBERT & FLOWERS. Ono year. Six mumba... Threo mouths Terms. S3 00 . 1 50 . 1 00 ADVERTISEMENTS inserted at t!ie rate of ONE DOLLAR AND FIFTY CENTS per ,4aare for tbe first, ONE DOLLAR tor tbe gecond, and FIFTY CENTS for each subsequent nscftton, for anj period.less than tbree months OBITUARIES, TRIBUTES OF RESPECT ?od all communications which Subserve private nterests, srili be paid tor as advertisement*. Dr. Tutt's EXPECTORANT FOR Coughs, Colds, &c. For the Speedy Relief and Per? manent Cure of CONSUMPTION, Bronchitis, ^LstlXA? Colds, And all Diseases of the Lungs, Chest, or Throat ? rTHE EXPECTORANT is compose J A exclusive!; of Herbal and Mucilaginous products, which Pcrnxate the very Substance of the Lungs causing them to throw off the acrid matter which collects in the Bronchial Tobes, and at the same time f jrms a soothing coating, relieving the ir? ritation which produces tbe cough. Tbe object to be obtained is to cleanse the organ of all impurities ; to nourish ?nd strength? en it wheo it has become impaired and enfeebled by disease,- to renew and invigorate the circulation of tbe blood, and strengthen the nervous organ? izion. The EXPECTORANT does this to an astonishing degree. It is active but mild and congenial, imparting functional energy and natural strength. It affords Oxygen to vitalize tba blood, au J Nitrogen to assimilate the mat? ter It eqoelizea tbe "nerrooa Influence," producing quiet and composure. o TO CONSUMPTIVES It is invaluable, as it immediately relieves the dimcclt breathing aud harrassing cough which attends that disease. -o FOR ASTHMA It is a specific-one dose often relieving the dis? tressing choking, and producing calm and pleasant repose. FOR CROUP No mother should ever be without a bottle of the EXPECTORANT in the house. We have numerous certificates of its having relieved, almost instantly, tbe little sufferer, when death appeared almost inevitable. MOTHERS BE ADVISED ! Keep it on Hand ! This dread disease requires prompt action ,* as toon as the hoarse, hollow cough is beard, apply the remedy, and it is easily subdued ; BUT THE DELAY IS DANGEROUS! ^?fc. The properties of the EXPECTORANT are demulcent, nutritize, balsamic, soothing, and healing. It braces tbe nervous system and pro puces pleasant and refreshing sleep. It Exhilarates and Relieves Gloominess and Depression. Containing all these qualities in a convenient abd concentrated form, it bas proven to be the MOST VALUABLE LI NG BALSAM ever offered to su Jerers from Pulmonary diseas? es. Prepared by WM. H?TUTT, AUGUSTA, GA. ptf Sold by Drnggists everywhere. Nov 18 6m PHOTOGRAPHIC GALLERY. Pictures ! Pictures ! ! Pictures ! ! PHOTOGRAPHS, FERROTYPES, AMBROTYPES, in PORCELAIN PICTURES. These Pictures are now taken at the Sumter Gallery, in all sizes and styles-up to life size. Recent improvements have been brought into requisition, and the undersigned feels confident that beean produce as -erfect ?nd well ?oisbed Pictures as can bc obtained in the Sitte. Copying from Old Likenesses, and the original lineaments of the picture fully reproduced. J. P. WILDER. Oct_ff REEDER & DAVIS, COTTON FACTORS, AND General Commission Merchants, ADGER'S WHARF, Charleston, S. C. Oswell Reeder. Zimmerman Davis | Oct 19'_6*_ CHARLESTON HOTEL, CHARLESTON, S. C. This well known and popular FIRST-CLASS HOTEL, situated in the centre of the etty, and also io tbe centre of tbe Wholesale Bq/ioes* Hoases,affords facilities, comforts and mention to Travellers for Pleasure and Merchants on Business, seoond to none io the United States. Oct 26 6m THE MILLS HOUSE, PARKER & POND, Proprietors, Charleston, S. C. HAVING been recently and thoroughly ren- j ovated and repaired, is now the most | comfortable and luxurious establishment Sooth New York. Nov 9 6a HUBER'S HOUSE, 384 KING STREET, (IN THE BEND.) CHARLESTON, S C. THIS POPULAR ESTABLISH? MENT, pleasantly located on King, be twee? Wentworth aad Hasel Streets, offers an excellent accommodation to the traveling publie. It is but a few yards fresa from the City Rail? way, and net atore than fire miootes walk to the j PostOSee, aad ail the basinets booses on Meeting and Hasel Streets. Transient Board $1.00 per day. Special ^rangements will be made for board | on application to tbe proprie ton. B. HILBRRS, Nov 16- Sa_GIO. A. WAQBNKB. A Hearty Old Virginia Welcome AWAITS YOU AT HEWITT'S GLOBE HOTEL,! AUGUSTA, GA. -***** W. C. HEWITT, Proprietor. J?_lt PAVILION HOTEL, CMttPTW, 8, C. BOARD. P?T DAY, #3 00. Boar. lAsrifcToa, KM. H. L. B tr m ari s LB, Siperistsadeat, Proprisi?r \ teil Cheraw and Darlington Bail Koatf. SCPERISTKSDEKT'S OFFICE, 1 CaERAW A-D t'APLIRtlTOS R. R. Co., I CHERAw, S. C., January 21,1871. j ON AND AFTER MONDAY NEXT, the 23d inst., the following SCHEDULE will be mn by the Trains on this Road: DOWX TRAM. Leave Cbc-aw at.6.45 A. M. Leave Cash's at...-7.1* A. M. Leave Society Hill at.7.50 A. M. Leave Dove's at.....8.35 A. M. Leave Darlington ?*.,.....".9.10 A. M. Arrive at Florence at-. 10.00 A. M. CP TRAIX. Leave Florence at._.6.00 P. M. Leave Darlington at.-.............'.G.50 P. M. Leave Dove's at.7.30 P. M. Leave Society Hill at.........8.10 ?. M. Leave Cash's at...........8.45 P. M. Arrive at Cheraw at-.9.16 P. M. Other Trains make close connections at Florence with the Trains to and from Charleston, and to and from Ringville. Passengers tor Wilmington and the North will remain at F'orence from 10 A. M. until 5. 45 P. M. Fe hi._ SOUTH CAROLINA Central Bail Road Co* i rs i i 81 ? ? kmKr CHARLESTON, S. C., January ll, 187L THE EIGHTH INSTALMENT OF FIVE I DOLLARS PER SHARE, will be payable) on 15th March, proximo. In Charleston-at the Office of the Company, | No. 10 Broad street. In Sumter-To Major JOSEPH JOHNSON. In Clarendon-To Dr. G. ALLEN HUGGINS. WM. H. PERONNEA?, Treasurer. Feb 8_ WINES, LIQUORS -AND Tobacco, "YyHISKEY-N. C. Corn and Bys, ^ -Kentucky, By and J^f" Bourbon, - ^j_IN-Holland and Domestic, g^J 0 RUM-Jamaica and Domestic, rr ? ~ 2^ RANDY-French aud Domestic, > f ig ALE AND OBTEB-English and J American, z -? WIV" 1 Sherry, Port. E-ft? j Madeira and Scuppernong, !^ S GERMAN BITTKRS-Kammel.W|g. S gins' Herb Bitters, -ALSO Chewing Tobacco, in caddies and 1 boxes, of great variety. Smoking Tobacto, all kinds, in i, i, ? and 1 pound packages. Segars. a good many different sorts aad all qualities. The above we offer to the trade low f*r CASH ADRIAN & V?LLERS, Jan 18 Wilmington, N. C. "WILMINGTON Iron and Copper Works AMP MACHINS SHOP, FRONT STBEET, BELOW MARKET, WILMINGTON, N. C. Dealers and Manufacturers of Steam Engines, Pea Nat Machines, Sugar and other Mills, Gin Gear, Cotton Screws and Presses, Turpentine Stills, and all kinds of Castings and Machinery made or repaired. Also, Packing and Belting, Wood Moulding, Brackets, Newell Posts, Stair Railing, Ac, of the latest patterns. HART & BAILEY. Sept 14_6m*_ D. A. SMITH, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALER IK 7 Parlor, Chamber, Dining-Room, Office and Library Furniture? Mattresses, Window Shades, Sash, Blinds and Doors. Granite front BniMiags, Sept 14-6m] WILMINGTON, N. C. F. HEINSBEBOEB. BOOK SELLER, STATIONER -A?D Blank Book iMannfactnrer. DCA LBW TS Pianos, Organs, Melodeon?, Guitars, Violins, Chromos, Ac At New York and Baltimore Prices. Sept 14-_WILMINGTON, H. ft GEO, W, WILLIAMS & CO., FACTORS, Proprietors Carolina Fertilizer. CHARLESTON, S- O WILLIAMS, BIRNIE & CO. COMMISSION MERCHANTS, il Y. Liberal Ad vaneas mace aa Colton and Pr???*? shipped te BS la Charleston or Hew York. Agaa t's for Board's Look, &reka aad Backt* Tie, Butler aad 8wett'a Tie?. Soptto-gsa _ 3D e BINONS REMEDY Viafuga (The way toi/fbrrcKef.) Tba Fan Jalees of Barta, Harbs, loot? aad 8#mo6| mW?_ Paeeaooia, Pleurisy, Asthtaa, Broaehi?s, Croup, IhrUHr^CatmtA, ***^**&t*&~ Colas ea^iaatsaatwo. <???ImBg???^ Woman. For torpid and ttetofod soaditiocS of the Liver, StGuaach, Beweis aad ?dao/s NO. 3 GROCERIES. THE ONLY STRICTLY Grocery and Liquor House # IN TOWN THE UNDERSIG NE D, begs leave to] call tho attention of bia friends and Ibo ] public generally to bia NEW AND WELL SELECTED STOCK OF Heavy and Fancy Groceries Which be offers low for CASE ONLY. ^2??_ AU articles a arran tad aa recommends JSP* Pore Medicinal Liquors kept constan oa band. J. H. EBERHART. April 13_tf__ J. E. ADGEE ft CO?, ratpoaraai or AB? DBALZU nt W ARE *, CUTLERY, BUNS, BAR IRON, STEEL. AND Agricultural Implements, 139 Meeting Steint, and 62 East Bey Street, CHARLESTON, S. C. J. E. Adger, A. McD. Brown, E. D. Robinson, 0. H Monett, J. Adjer Smyth, E. A. Smyth. [ Feb 8-_??_ ??DE?W MCCOBB, Jr. COMMISSION MERCHANT, AND DEALER IN LIME, CEMENT, PLASTER PARIS, And other Building Material. --ALS* LAND PLASTER AND HAY. 317 BAST BAY, CHARLESTON, SO. CA. Feb 8-3m] Opposite New Custom House. Henry Bischoff & Co*, WHOLESALE GROCERS, AND DEALERS TN WINES, LIQUORS, SEGARS TOBACCO, 4?. 197 EAST BAY, CHARLESTON, S. C. Feb 8_gre Kinsman Sf Howelly Factors and Commission Merchants. Liberal Advances made on Cotton and Naval Stores. Cliar ?eston y S. C. Feb 8 ly WOFF?BD COLLEGE. SP^ RTANB?BG C. H., SO. CA. FACULTY: REV. A. II. 8HIPP, D. D., Pr?sident and Professor Mental ead Moral Sokace. DAVID DUNCAN, A. M., Professer Ancient Languages and Literature. REV. WHITEFOORD SMITH, D.D., Professor English Literature. WARREN D C PRE, A. IL, Fio?aaaor Natural Science. JAS. H. CARLISLE, A. M., Prefeasor Mathe aiaties. REV. A. E. LESTER, A. M., Professor History and Biblical Literature. The Preparatory Schcol, ander the immediate supervision of th? Fsculty, Jno. W. 8HIPP, A. M., Principal. Divinity School-Rer. A. M. Shtpp, D. D. Rev. Whitefoord Smith, D. D. ; BOT. A. H Leaser, A. ii. Th* Brat Session of (he Seventeenth Collegiate Year begin? on tb* first Monday ia October, me, the i '?coed Session befit* ea ?he Irai Mea. dey ie January, 1871. Th* course df atedies and th* Stenden] of schote rs h lp remain nucheage^, bat the Faculty now admit irregular Steden L. or those ?he wish to purine.particular stadia* only. The Schools also open at tb?-same tine. Tuition per year, le College Classes, inolndior eontrogec t'fee, $?l?in Currency. I Tuition peryear.in Preparatory School,inclu? - ing contingent feeyf44 incurren ey. Bills payable on* half ia advene*. Board, per Month, from % 10 le $1* ia earreeey. For further particulars address A. M. SHIPP, Pr?sidant Sept 1?_ly Pacific Guano Cgpipany'g (CAPITAL $1,000,000.) Soluble Pacific Guano. THIS GUANO IS NOW SO WELL KNOWN ia aH the Southern States for its remarkable effects as an agency for in crea sins; th* products or labor, ss not to require special recommenda? tion from as. Its ese for tv* yian past has es? tablished l^sTmrafter tk reihet* aisafliajsa The large faed capful la vested by th* Company ia this trade, affords tb? attest: gsareata* of 'tba ofineiatied axeelleaoe of st/. Geaao. J. N. ROBSON. Solllag Agent, Charleston, S. C. JNO. 8. REESE A CO, Gestares AgeaU Baltimore. Jaaaatyd_?sa CC3TPOIJW* A cir* FOB COMPOSTING WITS COTTON SEED. HARTICLE IS MANUFACTUR? BY PACIFIC GUANO COMPANY . at am. S. Chowder tao SaeifteltaliblVaf Dr. ST. JULIEN BAVaWBE. Whee eceaoeV esl with aa equal weight of Cotton Seri, its remits kev? been foaod MU* voe.nal te tl? hes* staeJar* ?tOB??t. Itateeoeeer/ mufeeesaesad m?f?2ntt^~ ^v^^.- ? " ^Wifi^r. .*^B?~ ?* ?TTTysA.a MI nt M i hmmk? ?. urne ? Af EDWARD FElBrS. BK. THE KU-KLUX-KLAN. ORIGIN AND Aims OF THE MYSTE? RIOUS ORGANIZATION. The Beal Feel lox Amone the people of Upper Sentit Carolina-A Highly Interesting letter front Union. Unios, S.C., February 1(5, 1871. TO THE EDITOR OF THE CHARLESTON NEWS. The mystery which surrounds the movements of the Ku Klux-Klan, has led the superstitious to regard them as spirits of the disembodied, while the educated, beyond the field of operation, have believed the whole story to be a myth. Of their existence, ss so or? ganized body of living men, we, who have seen them, entertain no doubt. Of their numbers and extent, it is im? possible to speak. There mast be oae thousand in s day's march of Union. Yon hsve them, no doubt, in Charles? ton, snd they certainly can be found throughout Georgia, North Carolina and Tennessee. They occasionally leave be bind them letters explanatory of their purposes. Those of them who operate in South Carolins, say that they want peace, bat must have justice ; that the courts are guided by weak judges; and j aries composed of ignorant negroes ; that a thief, convicted with mach cost of time, money, and labor, to the prose? cutor, remains at the penitentiary scacre ly s week, sod then returns home with s pardon, prepared to steal again. They say that when their race have justice, and are no longer robbed by public thieves, their mission will end. There are some erroneous opinions entertained as to the feelings of the people of Upper South Carolina towards the Ku-Klux. They are not a band of cut throats and desperadoes, as some suppose ; nor, on the other hand, are they universally approved of by the white people here. They are men of firmness snd nerve, who strike because they believe it necessary for the protec? tion of their life, property and liberty ; they strike at night, because circum? stances render it imperative. But very many citizens disspprove and condemn the acts of violence committed by the Klan. We fell the oppression of the present State government, but we would not have it overturned with violence. We might indulge in hard words against the Ku-KIux, bot we find that they dispise oar strictures, and the State officials believe all of us to be members of the band, no matter how much we abase it. Now, sir, before we can suceesfully oppose and end this evil, we mast ap? preciate the cause?. It is bad practice to administer a remedy before we make s diagnosis. If we went back to first causes, we would indicate the Recon? struction acts, the greatest political blander of the century, as the inciter of the Ka Klux. In our State, however, the organization would never have taken root if we had been spared the late iniquitous election laws, thc arming of negroes with goos and cartridges, (the latter being unnecessary for parp?? les of driil.) the gross frauds of the election io October, the numerous par dons issued by the Governor, and the wholesale robbery by State officials of money wrong from oar people by enor? mous taxation. And again, it is well known that Joseph Crews, prominently connected with the State government, honored by the speaker of the HOUSP, sod the travelling eampaoiooof our Gov? ernor, in Sect encouraged murder, arson snd rapine, last summer, in Laurens. What might hsve been the consequence of thst advice, it ia fearful to contemplate He any be- more successful next som? mer. In September or October last, June Mobley, member of the Legislature, in? formed his negro friends that ten white men should be killed for every negro murdered. Little did June think that hts threat against our race would so literally be fulfilled against his own. The animus of the blaok race sod their advisers towards the white people may be siso gathered from the murderous pisos of Crews snd others (then and sow St te officials) towards citizens of Union snd Laurens, so recently exposed through your colamos by Kerrigsn snd hit nco. It wu only ? farther proof of whet we already felt, that tbs whits nee weold bs taxed out, driven out or killed out-by negroes sod their allies-if possible. Here were thc causes which operate tc plant the Ko Klox io So?th Carolina. The morder of Mst Stevens gove them great strength. It was s fool morder the foulest ever known io this State. A one-armed, inoffensive white mau, of good character, who toiled honestly for his ?oily bread sod did harm to oo one ; hs wu waylaid sod crae?ly ?ordered because hs bsd a 4?white akin." The murderers wert s body,of negro militia, at lout twenty five, ?od more probably forty is number; instigated, the white people of Union believe, sod may in time be ebie to prove, by El lick Walker, captain of militia, sad Jane's. Mobley, s legislator. Bad ss this m arder was, it wu a liga of worse thiags to Mw the entire negro race of Union io active sympathy wiih the murderers. Had it boa?, left with tba negroes, aol ooo of them wouid have been arrested, although they proclaimed their guilt' wherever they weat among their own people. It is within boaads to assert that two hundred negroes io Union County were ?^cesseriez after tho fact to- thc murder o?3tiT?os, and thai there art not two deua of that class who would hare re fesa? to shield the criminals. Ten prisoners hast beta taken oat of tho 'jail by tho Ku-Kiux snd killed, nine of whoas were morder? rs ot 8te veos J the tooth wu the negro wbe shpt, the ooo Statis (8?itb) oo tho first doy of staaaary. Wo- osages**tao soi 4? us? kwiWaadoriiaios^ 1hit &r the tlotims wt haft no sympstby. tart negroes, oo the contrary, regard with indifference the deed in the abstract; their only feeling is sympathy for thc murdered prisoners. The manifesto lett here by the Ku Klux sufficiently explains the immediate cause of tho last raid on our jail. To take these prisoners-two of them red to the elbow with the blood of Stevens -to Columbia, where the Legislature was io session, composed, it was believ? ed, of men in active sympathy with the murderers, was thought to be tantamount to a release. It was unfortunate that Judge Thomas, did not order the return to the writ of habeas corpus to be made before him at Union, or at his home, which, it is presumed, is within the limits of his circuit. The letter to the judge indicates that he would sacrifice the peace of society here, and turo the prisoners loose, to save his Office. The Ku Klux thought the escape of the prisoners would be an evil, compared to which the loss of Judge Thomas to the bench of the Sixth Circuit would be insignificant. Such escape would be a wrong to their race, and one of those wrongs which could find redress only from their band. Tfsy were-under another name-a vigilance committee, with this difference-vigilance com? mittees generally have the tacit ap? proval of their government ; the Ku Klux operate upon crimes committed by a class of citizens specially protected, befriended and honored by our State. The vigilance committee is, however, an unlawful organization-so is the Ku Klux. The ?ets of the one find an exact connterpart in the other ; for, so far aa known, the victims of the Ku Klux have been bad men-dangerous citizens and well-known murderers. We are no apologist for the Ku Klux. Nothing here written is an apology. The reader who so construes this letter fines excuse sufficient io what wc have enumerated simply as causes. We cannot excuse these self-constituted avengers of white men's wrongs. Crime begets crime, hui. does not excuse it. To kill a murderer.is murder. To bc prosecutor, judge,jury and sheriff isa fearful sin-a sin legally and morally, and a sin ?n Eis eyes to whom belongeth vengeance. We may have no justice, but letter to suffer and to wait. Abad government is better than no govern? ment at all. Injustice is better than anarchy. Negro militia can never stop the evil, no matter how strong in numbers. The Columbia Uuioo advises that they be sent, and the county taxed to pay for them. We advise the Union to make a calculation of thc cost of main? taining a thousand soldiers for a year, and compare it with the assessed value of property io this county. The pro? position is ridiculous. Negro militia are powerless against them. They may be stopped, but only in one way-remove thc causes which made them fancy their organization a necessity ; restore good government; give the State upright and able judges and honest officials; stop the frightful expenditure of pub? lic money in Columbia ; prosecute, indict and bring to trial such men as Ncaglc, Parkerand Crews; disband the negro militia; give the people intelligent jurors, and let convicts le puuistied, and then will thc Ku Klux be a thing of the past. But let the Legislature and thc State officials go on as they have gone on, and the time will soorf be when rai'33 into Columbia, and around that capitol building, will cause our highly virtuous and int* lliget-t legisla tors to forget Union and Union murder? ers. One more word. We are all suspect ed of active sympathy vith tho Ku Klux, because we do not bring them to trial. The thing is impossible. They shroud themselves io a mystery which no one can unravel. Whence they come and whither they go, no one knows Their voires are not recognized ; their horses are not known. They are never seen in daylight ; only in night. It would seem that negroes would know when their masters left home, and took their horses out of the stable ; would sometimes see their disguises, notice the jaded appear? ance of man and horse, after a night of wakefulness aud hard riding But it is not ! so. No negro knows a single member of the band ; if they did, they would tell it, if not here for fear, at any rate in Columbia. The whole negro race de-ire the suppression of the Ku-Klux; but they can make no discoveries. ls it singular, then, that the white man, who spends his evenings at home-who?c opportunities for detection are so much leas-should fail to find out names ? We do not say that all condemn the Ku Klux. Many see the immediate goo I, and think not of the consequent evil Bot many, very many, oppose and abhor these deeds, committed without any legal aanction, and they expresa their abhorr? ence in nnmeaaured terms. Thia letter has been made too long. We wrote, however, to show that the Ku-Klux were combatting evils as dangerous to the peace of society as the counter evils they perpetuate; and that these fearful counter evil.* were uot ap? proved of by all thc people of upper Sooth Carolina. Bau?u8. '-An imagination quantity-A lady's .?*' -Of what trade are the bees ? eemb makers. --An impossible quantity.-Too much money, -Geometrical Progression.-Acting on the square. <* -What ta the k<*y note of good breeding ?-B natural. -A wonderful aerial phenomenon A flight of stain. -When dota-a th.iir dislike you ? When it can't bear yon. -Ho? to make time go fast-.?Cse th? spur of the momeo '? LETTI?I? FHOn JUDGE THO.HAS. "Why the Stevens Murderer* were to Have Been Reme ved to Colombia. TO TUE ETITOR OF TEE CHARLESTON NEWS. As a judge should, I have remained silent until efforts ?.re made to make me the scape-goat to bear the responsibility of the Union troubles. Allow me to make a short statement. On the morning of the first Thursday in January, I left Columbia for Spar tanburg. In passing up the railroad, I found that the people of Union were very much excited by the murder of a one-armed man by a detail of the State militia-all colored-because he would not give them whiskey. Upon passing Union, I found that a large band of armed men, in disguise, had taken out five of the prisoners who had been put in thc jail, killed two, aud badly wounded three. Upon inquiry, I found that the impression of the people was that, bad they have been tried, they would have been pardoned and escaped. I also found that a large meeting had been held that day, condemning the action of the night before. As soon aa I had finished the object of my visit to Spartaoburg, I hired a vehicle and went to I,"don, not waiting for the Monday train. On Monday I held court at Union, and I succeeded in spreading the Aegis of law once more over the community. 1 shrank from no res? ponsibility, and brought away with me the assurances of many of tb?e> best citizens that quiet had been restored. On arriving in Columbia I sent for Governor Scott, and informed ''bira I had held the civil courts io Union, and thought that law and order was re? stored. On the first Tuesday in this month, being in Columbia, and ready to leave for Charleston, three influential citizens desired me to have a personal interview with Governor Scott, and give him a plain statement of what I thought of thc troubles in the up country. My idea was that the disease was ce nstitu. tional, and not local. I did so, and as a part of the interview, succeeded io having some of the best men of the up country appointed to office. One of the difficulties which had presented itself to my miud was that this class of cid. zens took no interest in the government, and I hand found an apathy among them so far that they would not risk their lives when called upon to act as a posse to execute the laws in some respects. This interview detained me until after the train left for Charleston, and while waiting for the next train, General An? derson, of the State militia, approached me with a petition for habeas corpus for three prisoners at Union, the petition alleging that they were insecure in their lives at Union, and asking to be removed to a place of safety. Mr Brawley, the solicitor of thc Sixth Circuit, went with me to thc Governor, and he guaranteed to us that they should be returned to us at Union for trial. Being surprised at the allegation io the petition, I had Mr Brawley to make inquiries concerning the condition of affairs at Union, and I found that those who came down that night were not uneasy, and apprehended no trouble. Upon reflection I concluded that some thing other th^n their safety was thc cause of the application for removal. The three men sought for removal were the three who had been badly wounded in thc first raid on thc jail, and were iikcly to know thc raiders if anyone did. Knowing ihe distrust which many of the citizens had in thc State Gov? ernment, I stipulated with General Anderson that the prisoners should be kept in separate cells so as not to concoct a story, and secondly, that" no enc should sec them except by special order from him or myself. Upon the evening when the writ was to have been returned with the prison? ers, and after hearing that the sheriff would cot obey it, I was waited on by Mr. Dunbar, the attorney of the prison j ers, with another writ of habeas corjyus This [ declined to sign as mere "brtUiim fahnen" but indicate), to him that ail that was left of cioil authority was for me to "rule tho sheriff.'' He said he would prepare thc rule and retur 1 that night with it. This was not done aud the rule was issued of my own motion late that night and sent off on the cars. One of the leading members of the bar of the Sixth C'rcult, and the candidate of the Conservatives for the seat on the bench, was present, advising and urging this as my only course. I had consult? ed with two of my brcthern on the bench ar.d several laweyrs, who agreed with me in thc view that, as a judge of the S'ate, I had nothing todo with the execution of the processes of the court These were for the sheriff and the coro? ner. If they could not carry into exe? cution the processes by cilling out the posse, then the responsibility was upon those who lefusfd to act ss a po-se. or upon that constitutional d ffieulty which divested these people of the interest they had in obeying the orders of tho sherill or executive officer. On ^nuday night, thc sheriff's guard at the jail in Union was overpowered, and the three pr soners who were named in the writ of kaheas enrpxt, with five others, were killed The position of judge at present is thankless enough, and if I have failed to discharge my duty, I am ready to resign. I feel that I have done all that wu in my power, and if th ?re is s re 8ponsibility anywhere, except on the srmed band who violated the jail, it is not on me. Who is responsible ? It may be thc sheriff ; it may be those who Organised the tu i ?it ia in such a way as to make it liable to such acts as commenced this csrnival of blood, and now renders it inefficient as s posfc* But I think tbs true cause will be found in a constitu tiooal deficiency, which occasions thc apathy of leading citizens, to wit taxation and no representation. This is contrary to all republicanism, and should be removed by those in authori? ty by a change in the constitution ol the State, making a tax paying qualifi ; cation for one of the branches of the Legislature. Thu b a slow remedy for a bursting boil,, but when the patient sees the physician apply thc proper remedy, he may not bc so restless. Very respectfully, Your obedient servant, W. M. THOMAS, Judge Sixth Circuit. POMPEII. New Discoveries-IIoic the Excavations are Conducted. Ao "excavation pic nic" took place at Pompeii last month, in honor ot the ar? rival of Professor Peirce and the other members of the American Eclipse Ex? pedition. A correspondent of thc Boston Advertiser describes the scene : On arriving at Pompeii, the party were first conducted to the present limit of the excavations, that they might witness the entire process of the labor. The wheel-barrow is still unknown to the Italian laborer, and his rude, broad pick and his zappa, which serves alike for hoe and spade, would be disdained by the meaoestofan American's "adopt ed feilow-citizen3." Men and women, boys and giris, are employed indifferent ly, and go scrambling and chatteriog up the steep bank, with their little basket full of dirt upon head or shoulder. A miniature rail-way, operated by boy power, is laid near the edge of the cut? ting, and as fast as the cars are filled they are pushed away beyond the lines of the city walls, and beyond the arophi theatre, where there contants arc dump? ed. Close upon the diggers follow soother set of workmen. I here prop up crooked walls ; repair breeches, made by tearing down the roof-supports and lintels, if these are of such extent as to threaten the crumbling of the partitions ; cut out carefully and carry away such mural paintings or tablets as have any unusual value, and can be removed ic good condition, or roof over or other? wise protect such as must be left in place, but might suffer from exposure. Just at present thc excavators are revealing nothing of any intrinsic value, for the street now opening appears to have been almost exclusively occupied by minor shopkeepers-some of them possibly in the military equipment business, for a portion of a full-length and life-sized painting of a Roman leg? ionary in a complete armor has recent!? been brought to light beside one shop door. In many other places in the neighborhood arc painted up what seems to be the names of candidates for vari? ous local offices ; so that perhaps this district was the hanni of the war politicians of an older day. According? ly, Professor Peirce's party were warned that they must nob anticipate the find? ing of any treasures, nor even be disap pointed if nothing were found, for this is tbe case with many buiidiogs, every? thing having been either carried a tv av or destroyed. The street itself rau?t have been a pretty one, for the buildings throughout nearly its cotirc length were painted i:i high alternate pannels of red and black relieved with some light ornament. Doubtless it was also s lively one, foi beside all its shops, it boasted a livery stable, in front of whose broad door .vat the sidewalk was sloped to the roadway that the chariots might roll out freely Thc more modest art of donkey riding, too, found its opportunities herc, lor a great room iu the rear of the stabl<: indicates by its frescoes that the pro? prietor did not content himself alon? with "carriage customers." Two or three of tho more prom:sing shops and houses had been reserved b\ the superintendent for particular at? tention, an i in fr jut of them chairs were placed for the company. Th* debris had been left, as I have intimat? ed above to the depth of two or three feet over the floor?, and the door way had boen blocked by large stones to keep the looser dust from rolling ou> into the clean kept street. A dozen men were immediately set to work, and about a* many custodi stood by, watching with all the sharpness ot their long-traiued eyes that nothing might be caught up and concealed. Experi? ence has taught the directors io what parts of each particular kind of hui hi? ing objects arc most likely to be fourni ; and therefore, while ouc man was dig? ging away with thc utmost insouciance his fellow, close beside him, would bc upon his knees carefully scraping away the dirt with his fingers. The finit building was evidently a ?hop, with s living room at the bick but there w.re ito exvrnal ind teat ion? of its character. Digging soon develop cd a great ?rou furnace or oven, leaden covered, and sot in brick, in the centre ol the front ruo ut ; and thc most popular surmise watt the o wner ha 1 been a cook, fora few bronze ves-els of the sauce-), au type were found near the furnace, together with the bones of two or throe dogs and cats, which imagination fig med as having sought the shop, after it> master's flight, in search of Sit pickings, and ai having paid for their gluttony more dearly than by a bearing. A couple of wine amphorae, a lamp, s bit of mom>y, a bronte ring, some ivory pallets for the hinges of doors and aicvables, a door key, and a few nails, completed the treasure-trove, the back room bei g absolutely empty. Fragment.'? of the red tiles and some charred bit? of the wood work, which throaghou' the city was almost all ig? nited by the bl ?si ii cinder* of the die* trae-were mingled wita the ashe-? pumice, ss also were a few broken ??rs JO? WORK ?- o F - EVERY DESCRIPTION PROMPTLY EXECUTED AT TU1-: OFFICE OF The Sumter Watchman, - ra THE - Highest Style of (lie Art. :ind lamps; but ail tho>e latter pitt03 were broken to atoms as fast as foa.-.d, that not li Inp: recognizable as a bit of Pompeii might zo elsewhere tba:) into the museum. The noxt door neighbor or' our shopkeeper had left no'hing for posterity but his simple mosaic pave? ment ; perhaps, on thc other hand, we thought, his friend had ?eft his trifles behind him in order to take his stone carpet with him, for in hts two rooms we had found nothing but the base earth lor flooring. HOW TO HAVE A S Tl ALL CLASS. Thc Sunday School Times has some capital hits at lazy aud negligent teach? ers under the above caption, which wc copy for their admouition. If you would have a small class, first come to Sunday School late-so late that thc superintendant is about looking for au othcr teacher, and the scholars are be? ginning tothiuk, "we might as well g.) home." When you at last reach your post, have no knowledge of the lesson ; perhaps, indeed, it would hasten the end to be ignorant of the subject for the day. You can find out from the class. Having commenced your excicisos, ask any random questions you eau call to mind. If there is any thing that you cannot well explain read from Scotts Commeutary, or Dames' Notes, which you will probably find it conve uicnt to have at baud. A pa<re or two (rom the practical observations would fill in the time nicely, and if Willy or Sammy whisper and Henry looks at the clock, then frown upon them and tell them sternly to pay attention. If they do not. obey, threaten to tell the superintendent. After you have finished your rending lecture to the class a while for having so poor lessons, tel! them they ought to be ashamed of themselves. When school is over do not speak with your pupils, unless iudecd you tell them to believe theaiselves on the road home. Do not take any pains, week day, to see them or interest them. Dxnish every thought of them from your brain. Folio* even a few of the above rule?, and you will doubtless h-iveas small a class as you can desire. BOYS TI ! AT SHOULD NOT STAY ON* THE FARM. If the only good that a boy ever did about the farm was to repair the pumps, hang gat js, make mole traps, put in rake teeth, file the saw, and hang thc grindstone, and he did these things well, obviously the farm is not the place for him, but a machine shop is. If a boy will walk a half dozen miles after the day's work is done, to hear a politi? cal speech ; if he takes time from play to attend trials before a justice of the peace, and sits up ha'tf the night when he is going lo school to leam decima? tions which bring down the hon-*? at. spelling school, most likely he will u, thc world more good if you put a btw. book and not a manure fork imo his hand. If he earns ni >re money tia Jin 4 jack knives and fiih-lincs on rainy day?, than he does hoeing potatoes and cut? ting grain in fair weather, jjive him a chance at thc yard stick, and not have iii ut around troubling thc other boys who are handling horse rakes and pitch? forks and the like employment. Again if a boy is skillful in sk:nttinp- small anniotals and stuffing bird*, it ho pr.-.c rices making pills ol mudwhea he was a child, and extracted teeth lum the jaws ofdoad horses with pinchers wi eu he got older; it he reads ph\>ioh>g:es, whoa his brothers are deep in ii-'b:?,?^:? Crusoe, he will be far more likely to succeed with a laucet than with a scythe. TUE FUtsr NAIL. The authorities nf Memphis, Tcnnc see, have prof-ceded in a mailer which should long since have engaged tho attention ot every community tr hete de? cency is regarded and it is c.-t .. m d good to gu;rd the mor:il and social life of thc pc.-ple :israi:i?t evil itifiaeltces, to wit : the exclusion from tho j co;.':., so far as the regular channel of tradu? c?n be cou. rol'.ed. of the flash sensation? al papers of thc KJ t The ticvs'ealcr of Memphis who shall sell these r i;.oi? ls liable to indictment f'.r a cr niinal . dTence, avd properly so. P r manilo* ly, the man who disposes of these pub? lications or?*r his counter is only in degree loss criminal th in thc pub ?sher who issues them by thousands-:t 1? a? ten, or twenty, ot fi ty copies to ono. or five, or tc i thousand There aro cer? tainly evils of a nore .-crio.is and dan? gerous character than these fl ?li p ipe.s hut that t IM y are a potent instrument F* trapptn.' the youthful mi ..? and leading it as'ray, we think no niau will question, and therefore they sh: ?Ul he prevented, a? far as it-is po albie lo d? so from circulating. TJIlE LAW OF FLIRTATION. The lentil gcn:lomon have brg-tn ? > lay doWU the "law of flirtation.'" a.; I sf the opinion if certain j -id?t\* ar? to Le taken a? conclusive, ibo !' ...':.> 1.NO ai i sentimental young tuen and V <>FN-.-? ?d' the d-.y will have to exercise e >?isi.lei . ble caution Ch'ef Tus;iee Pari r. of Massachusetts, ann tunees tho (,pinion ol the Supn tuc Court cf that State that an enga^-mont "may be proved by those circumstances which rspcc:a!iv accompany such a c nuocrir.n,'" and the Kentucky Court of Appeals has dee? r -1 that the mu: a ?lily of a? engaceme??t m-y be probed ;<>rai???t ? yon >._' \* !v . '"V -howing il a >he demeaned herself as if she c->l?c?rre-l in or approved ihr v.?ut?v? man's promises or offer. It is not ne cj-saty ihi't ere slua'd bc au cxjwes.s promise ?.n otherside."