-J^
VOL. XXI
WEDNESDAY MORNING, MAY 17, I87?.
NO 4.
DEVOTED TO LITERATURE. MORALITY AND GENERAL INTELLIGENCE.
The Sumter Watchman
{ESTABLISHED JN ISM.)
if rust. IIB BB ?
EVBRV W WM MDAY KOUNINi;
AT SUMTER, 8. C., BY
til LDEUT & FLOWERS.
Terms.
Ooo j??r...v.,..*3 {Jj
gil months. I *?
Three months. 1 uv
AD VBR-TI8BM KNT8 inserted at
of ONB DOLLAR AND FIFTY CENTS per
square f?r th? first, ONB DOLLAR for the
second, ?nd FIFTY OBNTS for each subsequent
Insertion, for any period Uss (ban three months
OBITUARIBS/TItlUUTBS OF RB8PBCT
and ?ll communication! trfatoh subserve privat?
rn teresU, will be paid tor as advertlseuients.
ISAAC A. M'KAGEN.
TUB ADVERTISER DEOS TO CALL AT
TKNTfON TO III* STOCK OF TUB ?BST
ABD PUREST
CH EMI CALS,
Drugs,
PATENT MEDICINES.
A FINE ASSORTMENT OF
PERFUMERY, SOAPS, TOILET POWDER |
and Chalk,
Puff Doxes and Puffs,
Shaving; Croata and Brusbos,
Hair Brushes,
Infant Brushes,
Tooth aud Nail Brashes,
_AU at McKAQ N'S.
PRESCRIPTION'S
PREPARED CAREFULLY AT ALL HOURS, |
_By L A. McKAQ EN.
IIB BEST
BRANDY, OIN,
WHISKEY and WINKS,
_Sold at McKAQ UN'S.
ALLSPICE,
Cloros, Cinnamon,
Qinger. Mace,
Nutmegs and Popper.
_At McKAQ EN'S Drug Store.
KEROSINE OIL, Lamps, Burners. Chimneys
Wicke, ?c.,_At McKAQ EN'S.
LARQE and FRESH SUPPLY OF
GARDEN SEEDS
_ For snle by McK AO KN.
MILLER'S ALMANAC for 1870
At McK A G KN'S.
A FINE SEGAR
CAN BE HAD
Feb 16_At McKAQEN'S.
REMOVAL.
HAVING REMOVED to Corner of Mailt
and Republican Streets, and thoroughly
refitted and renovated wy Stuck, [ cnn offer to
my customers and the pnbllo generally, as lino
AN ASSORTMENT OF WELL SELECTED
Drugs.
AND 0 '
General Medicines,
Ao can be found lu this market.
Comprising most of the popular
Patent Medicines,
-SUCU AS
Hosadalis,
Philotokon or Femalo Friend,
Mystic or Female. Regulator,
Jayne's Expectorant,
Jayne's Pills,
Ayer's Cherry Pectoral,
Wistar'a Dulnam Wild Cherry,
Hembold's E: tract Bucha-,
Simmons' Liver Invigorator,
Sandford's Liver Invigorator,
Hall's Hair Renewer,
Barry's Tricophorous,
Tarrant's Aperient,
Stafford's Olive Tar for colds, coughs and ]
consumption.
Mrs. Winslow's Soothing Syrup,
Russell's Soothing Cordial, without ano?
dyne,
Holloway's, Van Benson's and Hurloy's j
Worm Candy, with all tho Vermifuges.
A complete assortment of
PERFUMERY. TOOTH BRUSHES AND
TOILET ARTICLES.
A choice ar tirio of COLOGNE, of our own manu
faoture, which we can sell cheap-with all other |
articles which should bo found in a
Well Regulated Dmg Store.
Jan 20- tf J. F. W. DF.LORME.
DRUGS,
MEDICINES, CHEMICALS!
Toilet and Fancy Articles.
A. ANDERSON & CO..
Apothecaries and Chemists,
SUMTER, S. C.
Aro receiving constantly a full supply of Pure
Drugs and Chomicala, and a well seleotod stool
of Fancy Artioles and Perfumery.
-ALSO
A groat variety of Toilot Soaps,
ExtraoU for tho Handkerchief,
Fine Colognes, Foreign and Domestic,
Surgical Instruments, Trussed, Ac.
All Medicines warra iffed genuine and of 'he
very best quality.
PHYSICIAN'S PRESCRIPTIONS, Carefully
compounded night ?ir day. To bo found at night
at the residence of Mr. Anderson on Main St.
A. ANDBR80N, - A. J. CHINA, IQ. D]
Jan 0
Navassa Guano'
-FROM THE
NAVASSA GUANO COMPANY
-OF
WILMINGTON, NO. CA.
INCORPORATED AUGUST, 1869.
IKPOnTEBS or
Navassa Guano, Sulphur,
NITRATE OF SODA, &c.
MAMOPACTUBRna OP
Sulphuric md Muriatic Acids,
And of the Patented
"Navassa Ammoniated
SOLUBLE PHOSPHATE."
FOR SALE BY
A. A. SOLOMONS,
Agent for Sumter Coui?yt
M arch 28-1 m
"PERSICATOR."
The Original and Genuine Article.
Prepared ander tho FormuU of Dr. DAVID
STBWART, Chemist, and secured by Letters Pat?
ent by us for the Pateutee.
COMPOSED OF
Phosphates and Potash,
The FOOD which fur m s tho mineral part of tho
plant, and that I? removed from the
soil with every crop.
PARTICULA IT LY ADAPTED TO
HORTICULTURE, FRUIT TREES, COHN
AND TOBACCO,
THE EXTERMINATOR OP
Rust, Spores and Insects
Diseased Peach Trees,
With yellow leaves, under ita influence, produco
a dark green foliage in a few weeks.
Put vp in New Hurrels.
PRICE, $40,00 PER TOX.
Liberal deduction made to dealers.
Wo annex tho following certificates taken from
many received by ?B :
SUNNY Sim:, Anne Arundel co., Md.,)
Mareil Illili, I STD. ]
Mettre. Km. Crichton <t* Son-Wei.: lernen : I
used the Persleator on my Peach Trees last spring j
wijh much satisfaction. Many of my trees uro
six years old, were diseased from th o WORN,
tho leaves were yellow and sickly. I applied a
small shovolt'ul of the Persicator around the base
of each tree. Iii a fuw weeks they produced a
rich green foliage, and boro a fino crop. I am
satisfied that this innnuro completely destroyed
tko worm, invigorated tho trees and tlic growtliof
tho crop.
THOMAS SHEPPARD.
RICHMOND, VA., Feb. otb, 1870.
Mesum. H'm, Crichton & SHH, Baltimore-I
usod tho PKKSICATOR on a piece of rory pour
lund to givo tho COHN a sturt, and drilled it in
nt tho rato of 60 lbs. I'Kit AtRK, at tho cost of uno
dollar. On this lot 1 never Had been aide to se?
cure a "Mtanil" by reason id"tho "CUT WORM,"al?
though I tried salt in various ways.
On tho rows to which I applied tho "PERSI?
CATOR," tho cora caine up "tn a lilli" promptly
and grew oil' finely. On tho remaining rows, not
more thun one third nf tho plants escaped tho
worm, and those that did, wei o puny in appear
anco.
If further trinls on lands Infested with "Cut
Worms" shall result in securing a "STAND" like
the ono referred to, I should consider it un ex?
tremely val na Hie, and tho cheapest remedy,
which could bo used.
S. BASSETT FRENCH.
Editor Farmers' danette,
PRRSTOX. Caroline Co., Md., Fish. 18th, 1870.
I applied tho Pr.itsK ATon to SoiiailUM, alter?
nating with a fertilizer costing $50 per ton in
equal quantities. Tho growth of tho "CAM:" I
?'here the PBItftlQATOlt was applied, wa.' very su- i
pcrior and equal to any manured with tho moro
costly Fertilizer.
II. F. WILLIS.
FOR SALE DY
Wm. Crichton & Son,
SOLE MANUFACTURERS,
li ALTIMORE, 51D.
For falo hy
Green, Watson & Walsh, Agents.
Aprl 0-lm]_Sir.M TER, S. C.
C. T- MASON.
WATCH M A KKK
AND
JEWELER
SUMTER, S. C.
Has just received and keeps always on hand
New and Doiuiliful Styles of
JEWELRY, EYEGLASSES, &C.
WATCHES, CLOCKS and JEWELRY R!)?
PAIRED WITH DISPATCH.
March 31
O. F~~1JIOY?.
SUCCESSOR TO
I IWT" a SUMTER,
SO. 0 A.
"yj|^"0ULD respectfully inform his friends
and tho public of Sumter, and adjoining counties,
that ho has recontly received a choico selec?
tion of
LADIES' AND GENTLE M ENS'
Wato Hos,
JEWELRY, SILVERWARE,
SPECTACLES, &c, &c,
His stock embraces nil 'tho latest styles, and
will bo sold at. rcnsonnhlo rates.
Supt 20
P. P. TOALE,
CHARLESTON, S. C.
t Largest find most complete "\
.w- J Manufactory of Doors, Sashes, f mv?M
1 Blinds, Mouldings, Ac, in tho ( w
V. Southern States. )
?Hr>Printed Price List Defies Compotition.-Tfc*^
Send for ono "ttelj
#r<r- Sent Free on Application.
April ? ly
CONVENTION.
rilli AGRICULTURAL, MECHAN!
CAL AND IMMIGRANT CONVEN-|
TION,
Wo present to day, a synopsis of re?
ports submitted to the Agricultural,
Mechanical and Immigration Conven.?
tion, held recently in Charleston.
IMMIGRATION.
Tho report states, after pointing out
the necessity for immigration to thc
Southern States, as follows : ''Immigra?
tion, as now instituted, cannot be a
success for the present generation. The
great difficulty is, that the organization
as now constituted, compels every man
who wishes to procure immigrant labor
to understand, as well us undergo, either
all or, nt least, a part of its risks of
losses or gains. This plan is confining
it ut once to the leuding aud intelligent
tniuds of tho people of tho South. The
emigrant should bc placed at every man's
door, so that wbcu he is in need of
labor-the demand for which is con?
stantly increasing-he can employ him,
giving to parties such a bonus as would
ho remunerative for thc great conveni?
ence. My proposition is, that the men of
South Carolina, who comprehend fully
tho necessity of moving in this matter
form a joint stock company for thc State
at large.oi, say $10, 820, $50, or even
?100 per share. Organizo a central or
distributing bureau nt somo central
point, perhaps Columbia would do, and
sub-bureaus at each village in thc State
Wi) ene ver an immigrant arrives his
name, age birth place and trade or oc?
cupation, ns weil as letters ol' reference
or recommendation, should bc duly re?
corded lor future reference, thc farmer
or planter applying for a laborer has
otily to cull for the kind of laborer, aud
thc clerks at each burcuu, by referring
to thc books, can scud him thc sort of
person he desires; ho, tho farmer, pay
mg all expenses incurred by thc bureau
as well us a bonus for expenses and
profits to stockholders.
It would be perhaps expedient to es?
tablish at Charleston n bureau for re?
ceiving and forwarding immigrants.
There might bo un experimental lunn
conducted in thc vicinity of each bureau
where these immigrant laborers could be
profitably employed until called for, and
should any remain on hand during thc
summer months they could bc directed
in (arin work, so as to make and har?
vest a full crop. Agents could bo scat
to Kurland, Ireland, Scotland, Fiance,
Holland, Swccdcn and Norway, 0 er?
rantly and Italy, and I um told hy persons
who reuently returned from trans atlan?
tic countries that great numbers could bu
procured by only securing them n hume
and employment. I have seen this sys?
tem working admirably in Paris in get
ting employment (br laborers and do
in es tics in every capacity. There it has
proven not only a success, but of mu?
tual benefit and profit to all parties. 1
cannot for one moment seo how it
could be managed in these large Euro
peut? cities in any other way. Sonic ten
or twelve yours ago the same system was
commenced in Mew York City. My be
lief is that we will never succeed to any
extent until we adopt thc Joint Stock
Company plan, and no longer trust to!
the general intelligence of tho people
upon this matter.
In order to produce a rapid flow of
immigration to thc South wc should by
general conoerted arrangement hold out
thc most liberal inducements, and bc
willing to commence with that class of
European peasantry who are in a hope?
less state of poverty and dependecc. Once
tho tide is properly set in this direction
those possessing means, those skilled ns
artisans, will doubtless follow. Thc
selections for plantation or farm work
should invariably bc from thc agricul?
tural districts, and nono from large
cities, as thu hitter class ure totally unfit?
ted fur our climate as well as our sys.
tem of labor. I have no doubt that
when tho selections arc made, us herein
indicated, thc plantation system might
bc perpetuated. Hut. wc can make them
us efficient by abandoning thc plantation
.system, und dividing off each plantation
intou sections, placing thc laborers of
each section under a mau of experience
and energy.
Thc question has been asked can wc
keep our immigrant laborers after im
porting them. * * * My plan for
thc introduction and distribution ol
labor?is is intended for thc adoption )f
thc whole South. Thc report adv?cate
thc introduction of laborers rather than
tho bringing of families into thc State.
Un'/tl thc South is regenerated polit i
cally, wc cannot expect any material
'accession in numbers except from that
oloss of peasantry ol those countries who
are in a helpless state of poverty-tho
sturdy, thrifty, diligent laborer who
has been taught truth, honesty and
integrity, coming fresh from thc ngriou
turtil districts.
One great difficulty in tho way of
appealing to tho farmers of South
Carolina, to donate lauds isthat thc old
system of entailing landed property was
i m uch in voguo previous to the war, and
?now many have judgments hanging over
their lauded estates, KO that good title?
in many cases could not bc made. There
arc those however, who could donate
lands; others who could not give lands
might give money. All this could be
given in trust to thc Trust Stock com
pany, tho land to be divided into fifty
aero lots, and ono lot given to each
family of two or moro persona who have
been residents in thc Stato for three,
five or ten years, tho titles to bc so
mndo as to prcvont their dispoaing ol
them save to their own family or by
ipcrtnission of tho company. With tho
money contributed many farms and plan
tat ions could bo purchasudor so divided
off, and by donating only o'very third or
fourth section tho others could bo
enhanced io valu? so rapidly as to.
become a permanent source of income
to tho company and enable them to ;
build up catiro companies of foreign 1
settlements.
Thc plan, however, suggested, could
be commcooed on a scale proportionate
to the amount ot stock subscribed, and
bureaus established only in those coun?
ties in which a sufficient amount of
stock had been subscribed to guarautee
it, and this would doubtless induce
subscriptions of grcr.tcr numbers as well
ns amounts. The number of ogonts em?
ployed, both in Europe rfttd io the State
should bo in proportiou to tho amount
of business transacted.
The report concludes with an exhaus?
tive review of the histor; of immigra
tion, as applied to the Bottlers oi thc
United States, from tho loading of tho
first colonists to thc present day.
CHIN KSK LA I! OR.
The Special Committee to whom was
referred a resolution on tho subject of
Chinese Labor, ask leave to report :
That the limited time allowed will
not permit tho prepcratiou of un elabo?
rate report, but they believe tho subject
well deserves the duo consideration of
the Convention.
Your Committee arc of tho opinion
that tho introduction of Chinese labor
woulu bo of great bcuelit to a large por
tiou of South Carolina. lu thc lower
part of thc State and on tho islands,
where rico and long cotton is cultivated
and where it is supposed white labor
cannot bc permanently or profitably em?
ployed, it would seem to bo a great ac?
quisition.
Tho Chinaman is reported to enjoy
almost perfect health on tho low river
lauds in the most unhealthy regions of
the South aud Southwest.
Ohiucso labor is not un experiment,
because in Louisiana it hus been tried
with great success, and very much to
thc satisfaction of those who havo pro?
cured it.
It is important however, that this
labor should be procured from tho ru?
ral districts, since thc labor brought
from thc seaport towns is likely to be
very much demoralized, and not likely
to **ivc satisfaction.
Thc Chinese laborer has shown himself
industrious, frugal, obedient and atten?
tive to thc interest of his employer, ll o
is, by nature mild and pacific. His
shrewdness and wonderful imitative
powers enable him readily to acquire
tho necessary information and to per?
form with facility every kiud of lunn
labor.?
Admiral Semines, who has had op
pot timi ly to sec these pcoplo at homo,
says in bis most interesting work-''Ser
vice Afloat-that "the Chinaman is born
lo industry j" that ''ho is tho cheapest
producer on the fnep of tho earth, be?
cause his habits are simple and frugal."
The samo distinguished gentleman,
speaking of a visit to an English mer?
chant, residing in China, at whose coun?
try scat ho dined and spent tho night,
says : "His household waa a pattern of
neatness and comfort-lhere was an air
ol cleanliness and neatness t.biouphout,
which ono rarely over sees in a bachelor
establishment. His servants were all
Chinese-and males. Chihi and IIu
Chin, and thc rest of them ploughed his
I fields, mowed bis bay, stabled bis horses
: cooked bis dinners, waited on his guests,
washed his linen, made his bed and
marked his game of billiards. If lhere
had been a baby to nurse, it would have
been all thc same." We think that tho
Chinamen cannot bo surpassed, either
as S' rvant or laborer, by any other,
whether you place him in the house, thc
garden, thc field, the workshop, or on
j tho rail rond.
It is gratifying to your Committee to
bc able to report, on reliable infbima
tion, that thc Chinese laborer can be
brought into our Stale at a price within
the means of most, of our planters. Say
at an expense of not mote than one
hundred and twenty five dollars per
head, the wholo or a greater part of
which would be refunded by thc laborer.
In one instance, when a number of
Chinese laborers huvc recently been
brought to New Orleans, tho cost per
bend was sixty-five dollars, all of which
the laborer contracts to refund from his
first earnings. These people have con?
tracted for five years at fifty cents per
day, and all lost timo to bc accounted
for at thc same rule. Thcj work from
sun rise until sunset, allowing one hour
j for dinner, and agree, to obey, unques?
tioned, all orders from the owner ot
manager. Your Committee think thal
it is only necessary to uso thc same
means tn introduce tho Chinese as b
employed for the introduction of othci
foreign laborers. Money and concert
of action will bring them. .?
I And they arc needed. A vn?l. portion
j ol our lands aro lying WnstO and uncul
I tivatcd. We can give employment lt
all who may come ; and whilo u'tving ti
hearty welcomo to others, wo hope thc
Convention will not overlook that source
, from which nn almost inexhaustible sup
ply of labor may be obtained, and whicl
i perchance, may do as much toward de
j veloping thc resources of our Stale o.<
! any other.
INDUSTRIA!, RESOURCES,
j Your committee feeling assured ilia
i tho vory comprehensive character o
! tho duty assigned them, viz: that o
: reporting on tho industrial resources o
j tho State, is, itself, au evidence that IK
! exhaustivo treatment of tho subject i?
' expected by tho Convention, nor even t
'specific account of what has been dom
towards tho development of the!
resources, limit themselves to a lev
; general considerations, a<? to thci
1 naturo, and thc groat policy for promo
? ling their development.
From South Carolina to Texas iiiolu
sive, tho climate of tho Atlantic a.n;
j Gulf Slates, ia of (hut intermediate kim
which embraces tho features both of thc
tropics and tho tomporato zone, om
while exposed to many of the evils of,
both, likewise enjoy io combination
many of the advantages of each. It ls '
precisely in such a climate that the [
utmost diversity of industries can most j,
easily flourish, provided only the mar- I
kots of tho world bo open to it, and |
there bo a population sufficiently dense j
to make division of labor possible.
Indeed it may bo safely said that no J
other climate but one offers equal ;
opportunities for diversifying labor.-* j
Tho natural products of our country i
exhibit this diversified character; wo
hnvo here sido by side, the animals and
phillis of thc tropics, nud tlio.se of the !
temperate zone, pines by tho side of j
palma, wheat growing in sight of rice
fields, apples ripening ia tho samo
orchard with oranges, crows, and bears,
und foxes inhabiting the samo swamps
with the ibis, the vulture, tho parokeot
and tho crocodile, though our forefath?
ers, unacquainted with tropical animals,
gave them the names of cranes, buzzards,
nud alligators, which muke us forget
their equatorial character, and prevent
us from reflecting when wo read of such
things in books of forcigu travel that
they aro, iu truth, nothing but what wo
sec about, us every day. In our waters
is found equal variety. The herring,
which is peculiarly a Northern fish is
sold ia our market by tho sido of thc
fishes of thc Curribcaw Sea, and the
muscle, tho ulam uod'tho oyster, all
useful ns food, aro found even where
tho Pc II ?sula of Florida is built up ?f
coral reefs, li ko tho South Sea Islands.
Evcu in the domain of tho miner there
is something to remind us of this com?
mingling of temperate mid tropical
features io the aspects of nature by
which we aro surrounded. For does
not tho guano of tho cquatoreal islands
find its counterpart in our phosphate
beds? And docs not thc coal, which is
rather characteristic of temperate cli?
mates, show it.-elf not far from these
highly prized deposits?
lu short, thc climate of thc Southern
States, their geological structure, their
groat rivers, and thc seas by which they
arc washed, offer every incentive which
ulimnlc cnn offer to a development o(
the utmost diversity of physical and
intellectual labor.
Hut it is perhaps feared by some that
u climate like this may be incapable of
supporting such diversified industry
iu consequence of the very variety of its
products-that what yields everything
with facility will yield thc best of noth
lng. -Such a conclusion, however, :a
forbidden by a simple array of facts.
The cottou ond thc rice wc produce aro
thc best in thc world, nevertheless thc
wheat has likewise been recognized os
having no superior. And in tho opinion
nf your Com tu it to there can ho no doubt
that the difficulty of obtaining tho best
of any grain product in a climate of so
catholic a ehunctor, is precisely such
difficulty ?is is uocossury to incite tho
human intellect to tho exercise of pa
tient und minuto observation, coupled
with roll ec ti vc ingenuity.
Hut that such a climate as wc possess
is really capable of developing und sup?
porting this diversity of occupation may
be established in another wa}'. There
is no climate in Euvopo exactly compa?
rably with ours. If we travel Eastward
in search ol a counterpart, wo shall pass
over thc whole of tho oki world until
we reach China and Japan. Herc alone
do we find al! our chief characteristics
repeated, though of course informs
which, belonging to tho old world, aro
so far different from those of thc now.
But our extremes of temperature, our
cold winters and hot summers, our
commingle tropical and temperate fauna
and flora, are as familiar to thc Chinese
as to ourselves. Thc United States
nnd thc flowery Kingdom arc what thc
physical geographers might call homo
logons parts of the two continents. Thc
same relative situation to tho equator,
thc same coast configuration, the same
great rivers, the same winn oceans,
current like the Guli Stream flowing
Northward ulong tho coast, the same
system of hurricanes, which thc seamen
of those seas know as typhoons
And what is thc aspect which indu?
trial pursuits present tn that country
physically so like our own. We sc(
there, thc densest population on tlu
globe, whose existence in their crowder
stale is only rendered possible by th<
diversity of their industries. 'There h
not laud enough in China for its hun
dreds of millions to cultivate, and th?
consequence is that millions ure cuga
ged in manufactures of many kinds 0
rare excellence, and when even so, al
cannot find thc means of living, th?
rivers, and tho seas are made to yich
their harvest, whole villages aro buil
upon thc water, and on the water whoh
populations are born, live and die, a
their neighbors arc boru, live and di
upon the lund.
Now such is thc similarity of climat
' that it is not too much to say that thor
I is hardly au important product oi Chin
i which not may be equally well produce
; in thc Southern State*. \v?a have airead
: surpassed the Chinese in thc cult ute t
cotton, rice and sugar cane, and willum
! doubt, .whenever, with tho proper menu
: wc set ourselves seriously to tho task
! wc will surpass them in I ho culture o
j tea and silk, both which il has bec
: demonstrated wc can produce.
That, tho white WOO is both intellect
; uall.y and physically tho superior nf th
' wonderful Mongolians of whom we hov
been speaking, has never been doubter,
, If in their hands tho climate of Chin
can do such things, in the hands of th
white race, thc similar climate in whie
, wc live can do much moro. Tho dil
i fercnec lies in this, that in China, ii
j creasing destiny of population has cret
I ted industrial diversity by n?cessit?t in
: it, while wc are striving nftor a divei
' H i ty of pursuit but aro foiled by sea
j city of population. It may bc luid dow
! as a universal economic) principio, pe
imps without an exception, that h
Bounty peopled county, whatever ita
advantage?, over exhibited.a really di?
versified industry. Tho problem we are
striving to solve, if it is not insoluble,
is at least one of the most difficult io
The whole oirole of human endeavors,
and if wo do solve it successfully, wo
shall bo greater than suoccss io war,
however glorious, oould have made us.
Being without that density of popula
lion which ojuld of itself creato diversi?
ty of occupation, and which our North?
ern Neighbors have had so' long, we
aro striving to exhibit such a diversity
of resources and capacity of develop?
ment as will attract capital ands the
streams of immigration poured out year
after year from Europe into climates
moro Uko than is ours to that of the
homo of tho white raco. Your com?
mittee do not mean to report that the
thing is impossible, but to poiut out its
truo difficulties as the best preparation
lor surmounting them. If ever we suc?
ceed it will only be by the union and
concentration of all the intellect and all
thc capital there is among us upou the
ouo great problem. And it is this very
union and concentration which is so
hurd to maintain, when tho few thou?
sands of our population aro scattered
over so wide an extent of country.
Your committee would then suggest
that there is no way in which our peo?
ple can so woll provide for the future
development of tho almost inexhausti?
ble resources of tho climate, the soil
and the waters, bestowod upon them by
Providence, as by providiug for u con?
sistent nud permanent unanimity of
purpose and concert of action, by frc?
quent gatherings, like thc present
Convention, by forming and sustaining
local Clubs ?ind societies, and by main?
taining periodical publications devoted
to tho discussion of tho industrial
resources of the South. The attrition
of mind against mind attained by such
means, while it tends to produce
unanimity of purposes conduces
also lo u division of labor, and diversified
industry is only tho full development of
division of labor.
They must also learn to value those
scientific methods of investigation which
alone eau be sure of eventually roaching
precise and trustworthy results. They
must, too, bo willing to risk something
tn tho investment of capital upon ex?
periments. Koowledgo and money aro
two different forms of power which go
on accumulating much faster when they
work together than when each is left
to toil alone. Wo must learn to or?
ganise for a common purposo tho ad?
ministrative skill of thc successful man
of business, and tho skill in research,
which ts the gift of the successful mun
of science. And for this purposo wo
must combine scientific education as
far as possible with education in busi?
ness.
One of thc vays by which a people
may bc furce- 'ito a full development
of its material resources is by foreign
conquest, shutting out from it every
other avenue of progress-and it may
emerge from such subjugation thc con?
queror of its conquerors.
A O Lt ICU I.TU rt Ai, EDUCATION.
Production, wc all know, is tho chief
element of national prosperity ; food and
raiment nrc essential to human comfort,
und, of course, tho more directly aud
certainly these ure supplied, the moro
room sind thc more encouragement for
? higher attainments. As a general rule
men must bo placed above the pressure
of daily need beforo they can liuvo either
t!ic leisure or the desire for mental
cultivation.
Wo arc not now to learn that mind
rules tho world. Tho history of this
country, until tho late revolution, has
left us no doubt as to this position. It
was to inc leisure for mental culture
which the predominance ot agriculture,
under peculiar circumstances, afforded
to her first men, that our State owes
her acknowledged supremacy in thc
Federal Councils. It was tho fertility
of her soil, combined with permanence
of labor, that enabled her to live anti
prosper under a system of partial and
oppressive l?gislation, to which thc
world knows no parallel.
Wo have been bereft of our pccti?ai
advantages, and arc now thrown upon
thc r?sout ces which wc share in com?
mon with all mankind. Nothing is 1 cf"
but our soil, our climate and ourselves
but these are left, und they 'oonstituc t
fund ol material which renders us fullj
competent to regain our lost position
and command thc attention aud rospec
of tho world.
Indeed, we arc not sure t li ut t in tin
lone run, ouv misfortunes may not provi
nn advantage to us; for while ''Cottoi
was King," and our great staples wer
furnished to us with it facility am
certainty which defied competition
there may have been, perhaps, too littl
of menial effort in thc department o
ngribuliuve, and a sense o'" security
which tended to foster our natural hide
lenee, and t te still innre natural prill
j of our hearts, wo had insensibly becotn
I both dependent and exclusive This wa
I not a wholesome slate of things, and th
? energies which ure now demanded, an
thc co-operation and mutual considero
lion which have become absolutely nc
ocssary to our success, may evcnlUtlll
i place us Upou a firmer foundation, an
j elevate us lo a higher platform than w
have yet enjoyed.
While thu returns of tur labors hav
been so abundant as to cull for little c
no improvement in our system, of agr
culture, tho stimulus of ncce.-sity ht
driven others lo exertions, both ot min
and body, which have reacted upo
themselves, both in character and foi
tune, und it would bu a mat KM- of sui
prise, and perhaps of mortification I
some of us, to find thc husbandmen i
other lands burpa sing us, not only i
?iiy si cal energy, but iu eoieutii
nowledge and menial accomplish mon
The farmers of other regions nie praot
cul chemists and intelligent naturalist
and they have thus learned to wriog
frotn rocks and barren ?ands more aban,
dant results than eau be obtained from
the n?glige?t aud suporQeial cultivation
of more favored spots.
It is important that th? standard of
agriculture should be elevated among
us, and that it should be looked upon*
not only us an economical element of
the commonwealth, but ns an honorable
contributor to her dignity and prosperity
so that athcltio men will uot be com?
pelled to occupy, behind desks and
counters, tho positions which legiti?
mately belong to tho gentler sex, but
will be able to meet the demands of
patriotism, as well as of manhood, by ,
grappling with fortuue iuthc hurd labors
of field and forest.
We have lost our differential olomcot,
and now need a substitute, aud we doubt
whether that substituto can ho found
an} where clue than iu the application of
mind to the science of Agriculture.
Availing ourselves of the advantages
furnished by chemistry and natural
philosophy iu all its branches, bringing
to lour upon our labors the mechanical
ingenuity which is so rapidly furnishing t
a substituto for manual operations- i
above all, engaging the interest of the
operative by accoiding to him tho rcs
peet due to honest labor and his legi ti
mate share in the proceeds of his toil- i
and we see no rcuson why our State i
should not resume her rank, and even ;
surpass her ancient renown. It is not
necessary to refdfcigaiu to our Roil and
climate, there is nothing in the world
superior, and for many productions
nothing equal to them, and while our ,
Maker, with one hand has deprived us
of nu element of strength, which was
also to some extent a source of weakness,
it is a circumstance worthy of special
notice and of special gratitude, that
with thc other he hus laid boro, in our
soil, aud unexpected treasure far more
valuable than mines of gold.
We lack now but one thing to ensure
unlimited success-the application of
science and menial cultivation to our
unequalled resources. Let us not delay
to supply this want, and in order to
make a beginning, we propose the
following resolutions :
1st. Resolved, That it is important to
thc welfurc of.our State that her agri?
culture should henceforth be regarded
as a scionce.
2d. Resolved, That measures be im?
mediately taken to organize agricultural
institutions among ut>.
3d. Resolved, That an effort bc made
to procure and set iu operation a model
I farm in som o boulthly portion of the
State.
MON KY Ol* BLOOD.
The Ohio Governor of South Caroli?
na, is organizing a battalion of Win?
chcstorriflcmcu for tho County of
lidgeGold, South Carolina. Five com- .
panics meei thc demend of Mendoza's .
military judgemcatas rcqusite for mili?
arv purposes. This battalion of lour ,
hundred men, cuu deliver live hundred
or more death shots in au hour. Five i
hundred per day was the utmost limit
reached by thc Spaniards with five times
the number of mon. Thc radical pro?
gress is really delightful. Scott in ,
South Carolina, Rullock iu Georgia, and
-41 o Iden in North Carolina, are all auxious
for .war. While the peaceful fumiers,
shocked aud in ii undated, contract their
eugagements ; aud trade languishing,
and dull, drugs a slow length ulong ;
and capitalists again grow chary of
money lending, doubtful of dubious
times, and draw close thc purse strings
aud seal thuin iu double cust iron boxes;
these valiant promoters of reconstruc
ti on cry out, thc combat thickens : on
ye brave ! Who rush for greenbacks, or
tho grave > with tho full hope and
confidant expectation that thc loyal will
catch their spirit und sing
joyfully, tho wild re fru? u : Lay
down thc shovel and hoc! Take up the
pistol and thc gun ! No more hard work
in thc cotton row ! March ! by the
bugle and drum ! ..Lot us havo peuce."
and plunder of glorious war is reechoed
from thc circumference to tho centro of
progressive radicalism - Chronicle and
?jeni incl.
RADICAL. PltlNCIE'X'GS.
Tho white people of tho State nek
now ledge the civil and political* equal*
icy of thc white and black racos (soys the
Charleston News) and because they do
this thc Radical Revilers declare that thc
whites have adopted Republican prill,
ciplcs, und might just as well, with n
good face, become open members of
tho Republican party. Hut the white
people of South Carolina, while they
recognize tho law and submit to the
constitu? iou do not accept tho principles
of the Republican purly ol South
Carolina. In this state Republicanism
is not equal rights, free speech and low
taxation. As interpreted by ils lead?
ors, Republicanism in South Carolina,
is dishonesty, fraud and corruption. Tho
llepuhiic'.us as u body may he upright
and straight forward, but their sp ikes?
men and leaders are knaves ragamuffin.
ami wor.-o. The ir principle.- tire robe ry
ami plunder, and these ni0 the princi?
ples which tho friends of reform must
Iii:hi. tooth and nail, until victory is won
When the "principles" of tho oracles of
South Carolina Had ?cal ?sm nie truth and
integrity, it will bo time enough to ask
decent men to ?Mired their fitiirers"
with the rottenness of the Scott puny.
-L\bjifinhl Advertl\cr.
- Fashionable suits for ludios
this spring oro described tia ornamented
with everything, " from Jacob's ladder
to ti pen wiper, in silk."
-An innocent writer informs us
that mankind embraces woman. He
would bu a funny kind of man who did
not.
- Linon co?!urnes for Indies, taste
i ully trimmed, will ho much worn this
I summer.
?VE&T
PROMPTLY
OPFIC*
. --im
The Sumter Wi
Highest Bfrfr.fi&jj
BO?ANTIC STORY OF A Ol
A lato San Frunoisco paper^*i$iM|
Almost every day, nt tho "etttl?>I^BE^^
the Occidental lloU 1, oo l?ufil? V?
mny bc seen on old, luina' ob Ul??
who importunes ti? tor aim*!..-' A-tyV'iS
. enanco traced with the fuirows
mid starvation is iu no w?y - knpjrwjtt!^a
by ita total abstinence fro n water,
yet, who of tho tuauy who be4Co^a^)^fno9
?ng glauco on that woatiicv hoatQOV^mO^
begriiumcd fuoo think for a mft^ffwmi
that in those shriveled old v?iu>vo^.??^
es the blood of royalty? Tot this
Fifty one ycurR ago, all. tho bT^Vl^B
dreams of Oriental luxury wera h??w-yi^^l
Ile, tho youngest of five brothara*'Wf^Sl
for his father no lesa a personage tft^MSM
tho sovereign of the i:elestiul etnWM^^H
Until his tcLth year reared . ?wVjiftPsw
^deudor of that court of whioh at? rV|1f|b|^a|
is told and yet so little known, hoJ)i^j^
not a wish that was not ut ol>co"Br*'5?fe^w
?fled. Mandarins of high runic ^Hftira
?lad indeed to wait on this scion, of^wfiffl
royal iTouso. lie, with his brothers, hafl'^y
eaoh their little court. To erne '*iii*j?||
allotted tho care of the royal fowlkYjj^v
to ??other, the royul sheep ; to ?^thi?r?'Jja
the royal goats; and to him hol?n|^ljtf|
tho euro of h.is mothers pot P.C**<M!w$ffl
Sinecures that exist in nil well rogaJlat>*-^
ed Guvcrumcnts are by oo nYo?t?^^t
unknown in China. So ho greW: -jfo?^P
happy in thc execution of his dutty?^l4r,>|S
the paternal commands. Alro.tdy,%adJ^7j
ho been promised thc command of tlse .M
Thibetan frontier. Far from t h o capftut?^
in the couutry where thc rebels wer$,7j^
most powerful wc cnn well imagine th?( if'J
consternation caused his mother at thia" t'j
intelligence imparted to her by be^J^;
favorito son. Even at that early ?jafo:*^^
bo was cager for this martini lif%i. H?. sf|
dreamed only of groat deeds and w'arV'.ff]
alarms j and when his mother, gently <
braiding his tiuy little quoue, wou^dy^.;
.raze into her boy's bright eyoa aotraa
read there tho language whioh they'/^
spoke, her heart alternated bjitW^M^^
hope and fear. A gentle 1 i ttl o raaidot? vi,
had long been his betrothed, (?he top,
felt keenly tho pangs of parting, wbioh ^L
his hopeful chuting heart had not time
to feel. Bright, bright, indeed, was th?'~>'?*
future for him ; and y ot, ono short cit;
night cast him from his airy height ->,.}
even to the dopth into. whioh haiiV^
Ono of those midden revolutions to
which that kingdom is so subjeot ltaiflf^n
ed his father from his throne, und esas
ed the murder ot all who loved, and.' ,sv
honored him. Through the fidelity ?}ft ^
un old servant this young Prince'iras
Bitvod from tho general butchery. BtiU ^
li! ; name alono would have beeo his 'J
ie-'th warrant at any time. So Tie livedt*-^
in poverty and constant dread, shunned^., j*
by all and shunning nil. When thc fl?sp f
cargoes of Chinese wero sent to. dor.
Stale ho, welcoming this as an ?pporttt'/^
oily for escape from an atmosphere of *'
dcuth to him, smuggled himself on board
ono of thc ships. The close conflue
ment, which he had to undcrgovand tho< ?
tossing of the cargo in thc hold,' mined
bis health and crippled him fer Jjfe,
Too weak to beg and too honest tosteal'^
nothing was left him but to accept tho ^
bou?ty,which the stranger in the a^fango,^
land saw fit to bestow upon him. Wntf?i
eau tell the pangs it cost that proud ^
heart beforo it could descend to thia?, ^
As ybu see him now, so has ho Heed :\
for the past ten years, _ - . ?*
Through the uid of un interpreter, w'?^
gleaned the sad liiHlory of this poor^old^v
princo. That hardship mid want mayty
have affected the bruin of the unfortu?.\,
nato creature is moro ihnn likoly j but\
his tale was told with s<> much upparout.-.
truthfulness, so much earnestness, "OMI^
wo have thought it worthy ibo hearing'??J
of mir renders. Bright, bri^litor wu*
starting in lifo than one in ten r-hoim
?ind ; dark darker, perhaps, is its olo-ilog?::
than one in ten million.
THIS nm ?tt : v s rc IN 'mis Ni?rm-O \
ron ia no.v Ol' 8t>. CA. ' ?
General llagood, in his recent nd J ress,'*
as President of the Charleston Agrioul-,'
"hi
turill and immigration Convention,"
made tlic following slnicmeut wilh re- :
ferenco to thc decrease of the Tregro^
population of South Carolina:
In 1770 it. numbered 107,000; :in
1800, 14(5,000; in 1810.100.000 in I%W\
250.01)0; in 1800, 015.000 j ru ?84?,/
377.000; iu 1830,081,000 ; iu 18{MV
.102.0 JO.
According to thc unniiul average,'frrfl&f:
1810 to 18 >0, Mic popuhition of freedv
mun in 1805 may be pi-exiimod to 'have .
boen 4.'1,000. Hut according to^thi?/.
Stale con.Mis ol 1800, it lind diu.intslied'
to 080 000, leaving n dc?iciency of 35,-''
O0U. i-f an evora-?e of 8,770 per miinim
MI the Minto of Sunt li Carolina ulonc.
Il i' might be allowed to speculate,
on this quoi ion, I would Kay' that, lu/
m y opjt?oii, ibo tl ?crease hus beb? hot'
liss limn 50,000. J?ut taking the iij?ttv
res themselves, even at that rute, ip'JvaV
than forty yeats, I he mil ire colorcu \top?
?liarion of South Carolina will, have
disappeared.
- - . 7
- Always endeavor to fca'rn io-?to-^
thing fruin the in formation of tjh?j??t*
thou couvcrsest with ; a id to put thy'
company ujion tlu>?? K,i''jeeta . the: M%
best able to ?peak of. . . ;' '
- A long nu?n?rap!i lellftr ?fVow
Ceorgc \\Tashiii?;tun, ^n . ugrteirU'(^L'
mm ter*, wits rcoetitly sid in ^oB^|
for 0175. '%
-Among tho fs^tiin'?i^l^;^
Inti at H roov 'sr cn ? s-rn idd?'? tho '.ft.JB
I ?OOWH n'tm Vu Ariteiiiug; ' V