Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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VOL. XX PICKENS, S. C.., THURSDAY, AUGUST6,19.04 SUB-TREASURY DEBATE. SENATOR BUTLER AND DR. STOKES MEET AT PROSPEHITY. Nothing New, F,r for Agaloest the Melip tire, Prehiit-d---The Fesator Fi,meio Ne I'la'e ie Thim wtat for a Third Patty Muentnary of tae Soveral Speecliew. UtosPHnrY,S. V., July 29.-Tielarg e8t crowd that Prosperity has ever known assembled today to hear the open joint debate on the sub-treasury between the two distinguished speak ers, the lion. M. C. Butler and Dr. .1, Viii Stokes. From early dawn until the time of debate every entrance to the town was thronged with interested vis. itors, and at 10 o'clock, the time ap pointed for t he meeting to commence, qiute fifteen hundred persons han gath ered around the stand. Comfortable seats had been properly prepared for the ladies in front of the rostruim, and in spite of the threatening appearance of tue heavens a considerable number of the gentler sex were present. Every one was struck with the excellent be havior of the asseiublage, for through out the entire neeting almost perfect quiet prevailed, except when the speak ers were questioned and when applause was given to Gen. Butler. The audience was doubtless an intel lige-nt one, and was out to hear the "Lruth developed" and to give chance for convictions. All of the speakers remarked especially concerning the alove noted fact. A TRAP THAT DID NOT WORK. Nol.withstanding a trap, similar to the -te arranged for Governor Tillman at Spartanburg, had been prepared for %tuator Butler, yet it can be safely said that, the victory was decidedly his. Ile held the sympathy of his audience and his views were heartily received. Promptly at the time appointed the 11ev. Mr. Sigh, president of the New berry Alliance, who acted as chairman, announced that the mneeting would be opened with prayer by the Rev. J. 1. Traywick. 311Ci. SLIGH'S RE31ARKS. After these devotional exercisss the chairman, in his opening remarks, af ter expressing his gratification on see ing suchi a goodly number present, said: "This large assembly is a hopeful sign. It sho ws that the peone are awake to their interests. are beginning to think for themselves and have come in search of knowledge, he hoped, to see and learn, not to censure or condemn. The debate will be on the sub-treasury plan, not the bill-that plan embracing the idea of flexible currency. I bespeak the very best attention and behavior, Let us remember that we are citizens capable of thus reflecting, with brains located in the head, not in the heels, Let us listen with the hope of improv ing our ideas. These speakers have a difference of opinion and have a right to that opinion, so condemn them not. I k1ow that the Alliance is searching for truth. We recognize that some thing is wrong and seek a remedy, but 9 if the remdy we ask will not help us out. of it we will take another. All of us, therefore, are for the same purpose so treat all with the same respect. I iepeat again, that the people of the United States are beginning to think for themselves. You are capable of doing the same, then exercise that sound judgment that characterizes us." DOUBLE TEAMING ON BUTLER. The programme for the day was then A announced as follows: The first speech to be made by I)r. J. Wi Stokes, the next by the Hon. M. C. Butler, with the privilege given to the former to answer the Senator. After this a dlinner of barbecued meats would he served, and the programme resumed promptly at 3, wvith a speech on the same plan by Col. TIalbert, superintendent of the Peniten tiary. .Dr. Stokes, who was then intro Ituced, stepped forward andi spoke as follows: DR. STOKESs FI Rs'T SP'EViH. Mr. .President, Brothers and Fellow citizens: I esteem it a high privilege to meet you on this occasion. As a na t,ive of South' Carolina I am proud of her history. I believe also tnat all lhon e-st mien ai e my brothers, and while pa triots are thinking for themselves ;and interested in the measure that is before us I will give the re-suits that I have ar rived at oni this5 great eoniomic qules tion. I counlt tis large audieiice as ai hopeful sign, andl( certainly think it a hopeful sign, t hat the people aire iinter ested in the-se problems. I rejoice to be at this mieeting and1( to see this large crowd because thie Alli ance has beent reporte d as being opposed to a discussion of Its measures. 'l'hie only reply that I make to such imputa t,ions is that heretofore the (febates were between two Alliance mien and( especially for Alliance me-i. Sincen it Is our issue and effects us most5, we S dee-i It our right to have it discuss'-d. Now since its adoption by the State Alliance we determined to urge open discussion of this plan. 'The idea ofl secrecy was to eliminate any outsiude ageincy that might prejudice t.he~ nmemt hers of t,he Alliance. T1his gathering~ u for Newberry County and the meet.tog was5 calledi or this particular discus blon. I put It to you, then, wihether the Allianice is not in favor of dliscuis 8101n wIth the opposition whenGe Butler is here for that p)urpise. It wants free andl full dliscuissiont and we abide by such discussion. Here Alr. Stokes read his letAe~r ol challenge to Senator Butler, which ap peared in the News andl Couricer to-day ie explained it. was not his intenutiori to speak, but that Mr. Livingston, ol .the Georgia Alliance, hadl aecepted thit invitation to meet Gen. Butler. Late last evening lie received a message iromn Mr. Livingston telling him he could not meet Gen. Blutler oii account of phycical Inabilit.y, lie continued saying: I amn glad to he here, and rememiber fellow-clitizens, this is an intellectiuaj contest of brain with brain. We want to present the position of the Alliance pro and con. Let us gather with mid unprejudced to receive the truth. I asl< the Alliance esp-ecially to give close and practical attention to develope the truth, for we give the people oh this sectionl this opportunity of seeing the bottom of the matter. With these pro liminary remarks I shall proceed. iThe Alliance has announced as one of its demands the establishment of iWare houses In which non-perishablh products may be deposit,ed and or your special attention here, for I wil be able to present only a general sum mary. First. I think nearly all the financiers agree that there is an insufileiency of circulating medium even for ordinary buiMness, and all economists agree that there is an important relation between this circulating medium and price. I might cite to dozens of the greatest economists. Calhoun was explicit. Stuart Mill, Clay, all were explicit on than point. But if I lacked in authority I could appeal to your common sense and prve it as explicitly as they. If you have a horse worth $250 and are forced by circumstances to sell, and if no one has more than $150, of course you can get no more, even if the horse is worth more. While there is no exact ratio yet the generil truth is establish ed. If a commodity is worth so much with the circulating medium and you cut the medium, you of course cut the price. Second. Not only does the currency not bear a proper relation to thisgener al business, but it lacks a feature which the Alliance was the f.rst to promulgate, that is elasticity. I might show, by a process of reason ing, the hold of it. In the fall of the year when accumulated labor for a year is thrown on the market, even If the money is not manipulated, there will he a relative contract toni at that time be cause the logical effect is what all politi cal economists call a depression of price. The fact creates, then an abnormal condition and by way of parenthesis that condition is not due solely to the relative influx of products, but to the few who control the money. . Col Robert Chiselm. formerly of Charleston, has made the alarming statement that there were six corpora tions and ten men who can lock up in one day one billion of dollars. This condition, due to lack of flexiblity, oper ates against all classes of people, and you are mistaken when you think it is for the sole interest of the farmer we are working, for the question is as broad as the country. All business men are cramped by that condition of affairs. But it is especially hurtful to the farmer, for he must labor twelve months before lie call produce anything. The commercial men know the condi tion and, therefore, have an opportu nity of getting their money out of the way, so the farmer must sell on a fall ing market. While speaking about the abnormal condition I will answer the arguments against the mea-ire. It does not give the farmer special privileges, but if it did they would be rather in the line of evening up. There are three, and only three, classes of producers, mining, manufacturing and agriculture, but two are not producers in a strict sense, mining and manufacturing. But an agriculturalist when he goes into his field and works nine months, usingsoil, sunshine and rain, Is a producer, and he only. There are two ways of even ing up unequal things, subtract from the larger and add to the smaller, there is all equality. Men who own United States bonds have the special privilege of depositing with the Government, and it issues currency on this deposit. But we dare not take away that priv ilege, because there is not enough cur rency. Then add some privileges to the farmer. Some argue it would hurt the miners and manufacturers, but they are always protected, they can put their products on the market every day, but not the farmer. So this is to place the farmer equal to the other two produc ers, and lie is entitled to it provided he can give as solid a basis for issuing currency. Here he gave the plan of Mr. S. M. Stone ini the Forum, who says he ad mits the necessity of elasticty, but does not admit tie Alliance plan. lie offers an original plan; proposses a bank of is sue to issue currency on prodlucts. I have this objection: The same men will control the currency as now, but 1 claim Mr. Stone as a convert to the Alli ance plan of elasticity. llence we con clude that currency is insufficient and lacks flexibility. Throughout the speech Mr. Stokes quoted Mr. Stone and Mr. Calhoun on the necessity of flexibility. HIe said the farmers' plan meiets the condition, but that if not obtatined he wilt accept a better system than the ware house system. lie adds t hat it is to be supplied by two, ways, the issue of flat money or the nationral bank issue, anid there's no hope of increasing fromr those sources, becauImse ini caseoI of iat mioniey a man cant call for his gold or silve-r and take it ri way I romn ci irutatton. In t hris case t,be sainre Iian's niotes control bondd, gold arid silver. Tinere is no 'increase here, becauise thre enitire oiutp)ut ot gol.i and silver annually about $60O,000,000, and( all is not uistn as monrey. But sup Pose all were used. The increase wvould( niot be onie dollar per caipita. T1he AIli anice dleniands i ve hunrrdred dol1lairs per capit a, arid it wourld take forty years to make thne prroper increase. T1here is no hell) I tO rI ntionaiil banks, for it Is a con stant sprig of currency, and its power isi unwar rmted arnd a dangerous usurpa tioni, l or by law by t!.(e 1st of September 851,000),060, will retire, so) neither of the two can give the necessary increase. Ilow car' you get. rt.? I cart see only the lands arnd prooanet as a salvation. 'Iiie saud that err a State bond Issue we would have thre same trouble that we contended ntaamat du ring the wvar. The notes were goodl only in the State that issued thremn. I know that the notes of South Ci(are,fna id p1(1ass in New York or LAverpmool. liii t it, wits because South Carolina stripped cotton. Silver, gold arid national b.mnk note's are good as far as Ithrey g o. N ow, i f all threse can get value bor their dep'losits, why in the name ot ton nn senise cannot the tar mier duepo(sit his plrodultct and1( get money on it? TlirlE ION. M. C. Bt'TJ.Eit. Senat or .lIter then spoke as follows: Mr. l'iesident, Ladies and Gentle mieni: All tre people ini this country are awvak ening to an interest in public affairs. Agitation never alarms me. I welcome t.he idea that all people are taking a proformir iInterest in them. Subijets when atrguedl honest,ly and fairny can be decidted correctly. I want truth and light. Why, follow-citizens, when I accepted this invitatioji I ex pected to hear unanswerable arga mentstn, andl I yIeld to him in the main all that lhe has said, except what he chooses to dlescrltbe as the sub-treasury plan, 'I may differ In a few details. I do not believe in his arguments that flexibIlity of currency establishes the ratio of currency and price. The great law of supply aind demand settles th1s question. I apply supply and demand to money as well as to products. It is claimed by the oppositIon to f0e coin age that 90 per cent of the businesrs is done by checks. 8uch an atrgument, Is deceptive, for a man who gives a cs.e.c. must have a bank account. You can't pay railroad fare with a check. Taxes cannot be paid with a check. So the argument is misleading. There is but one billion five hundred million dollars of money for the transaction of the people's business, about $22 per capita. I myself asked in the Senate chamber how much of that was in the United States treasury, and how would that re duce the circulation? One Senator calculated six hundred million, my es timate, about $16 per capita. I agree with you, my friena, that there is some thing wrong. An important thing with physicians is to find out what is the mattee with a patient, to diagnose the case. A doctor may treat one case when he ought to treat another. We can only judge in general by symptoms. So, when you find out what is the mat ter, it is easy to apply the remedy. The Alliance is treating the wrong organ. I do not announce that all are fools who favor the sub-treasury, and we all cannot think islike. We can have a tolerance of opinion, which is the safest way of settling a question. It is not a legitimate argument to say because you oppose me I am a fool. I have brought an official copy of the bill as tabuiated. Mr. Stokes: We are discussing the plan not the bill. Butler: You say that we must dis cuss the plan, not the bill. How can I get the plan without the bill. I dis cuss something tangible, not a floating vapor. (Produces bill.) I cannot con scientiously support the hill. There is not a man in this audience who has not intuitive principles of home rule and self-government. Every man has this. No man would submit to his private affairs being troubled. Communities, municipalities, counties are governed by it. No cot.nty would tolerate a dis turbance of its affairs by outside agencies. A step further, this applies to the State as well. The Federal Gov ernment is supreme, but it cannot. dare not, dictate to a btate Government. This bill then is opposed to this princi ple. This advocates the perpetuity of paternal government. IIe first discussed the ware house system. Every county must be able to deposit productions to a value not less than S500,000. Every county would not get a ware house. Newberry, your own county, could not get in. lorry, Pickeni, Barnwell, Beaufort, George town and Lexington would not be on the list. I like to meet a fair man like Mr. Stokes, and I have the thing he de mands-a remedy also. Senator Butler then read the bill through. In the section where it pro vides for a manager to take charge of the sub-treasury he commented as fol lows: Do you know who would be chosen in the present state of affaira? A Ite publican would be selected as manager. I know Edgefleld's man. A mulatto would probably govern tyrannically your sub-treasury here. Voice: Go ahead, General. In Section 5 it gives the manager the right to grade products-he alone the final arbiter. What chance would a poor man or a rich man either have un der such circumstances? The grade of cotton and corn would come down to nothing. Where would you be with 80 per cent of your products' value in your pocket? Talk to me about flexibility of cur rency. When do we want money most? Is it not in the spring? According to this the money shall go back to the treasury at the very time it is most needed. In Section 11 it is provided that $50,000,000 be appropriated to carry out the provisions of the Act. Is it for building ware houses? Some say that the Government should issue money dlirectly to the people. But the Consti tution is in the way. Money cannot be issued unless by appropriation by Con gress, and that provision was put there by the wisdom and sagacity of the farmers to protect the people against dlishonest oflicers; to protect them against just what this bIll want.s. The sub-treasury bill would not stand teni minutes under the Supreme Court. State Senator Keitt: WVas the New Orleans Exposition appropriaition made in this way ? Senator Butler: It was appropriated by the general welfare clause or the blanket clause of thme Constitution. Congress has a delinite specific power and cani approprIate for any national alfair. There have been, however, ap pro priationis tspecially for suffering humanity's benefIt, for cases of distress. Trhe Secretary of War cannot lend a tent or a gun, the Secretary of the Navy muust hold his peace unless authorlied by Congress. Yet this bill wants to lendl money dlirect to the people. This same objection of the uncer Lainty of the amount of the appro pria tion is against the force bill. Not withstanding Mr. Stokes's statement to the contrary, Mr. Dalhounm never con tem plated lending money direct to the people. T1he treasury is not a bank, but is for manag ing the Government disbursements. 1 want to borrow money from you at 2 per cent. We have losses and all such losses will be made ump by taxation. Yet this is what you wish. Mr. Stokes: It does not give special privileges to farmers. There's the fault. It ought to. We have among us three classes of men: First, the man who neither bor rows nor loans money; second, he who lends money and( lives on the interest, (and he has a right to (10 thIs;) third, the borrowing chuss. Now, don't call a man who lendls money a rascal, for it is his right. Class three can be sub divided as follows: First, one who bor rows and returns what he borrows; second, one who borrows andl by un fortunate cireumnstances cannot pay his debt; third, one who borrows at any price, and never intendls to pay it back. This last class is the one who wants to borrow at 2 per cent. Seven r cent is the standard of interest and Sper cent is entirely too low. [Cheers.] State Senator Keitt: General, do na tional banks borrow from the Govern mext ati1 per cent? Senator Butler explains- No, nation al banks place their money in the treas ury for the notes they circulate. The 1 per cent is ouly a tax. The gentleman urgedl his question again, claiming a desire to be accurate, and the Senator ex plained again,,going into details. Y et the gentleman a per ception was very obtuse. Glen. Butler: I can give a man fact., but I cannot furnish him understand-. ing. I am opoed to national banks, but not as Mr. Stokes. They are the1 ou of the war. They were es. tab toput down the war. [ Herea a history of national banks was given Is a mai any less partriotic because h owns a national bank stock ? I don oppose national banks because they ar thieves. You put money in them t make money out of them. Nations banks do not want currency. Stat banks want it. I am opposed to th present system because a national ban uts asword and apurse in the sau, hand and gives the executives of th Governinent complete control. Senator Butler took issue with Mi Stokes as to the reason of the disap pearence of money out of the treasur3 rhe money was stolen. Ask the billio dollar congress where it went. Now for my remedy. First. Have a reduction of the tari from 57 to 60 per cent ad volorem t something like 40 per cent. I coul not make any amendment to the bil for I never saw it after it got in Cor gress. It laid in the pigeon holes of4b agricultural department. No one cani to me for an amendment. I believe i Inserting the Mills bill. He spoke of the reduction of price in whicA connection he said: Pricc are reduced not by the tariff but by It bor-saving machines. ' Second, I believe in the reduction < expenses of the Government. Instes of expending $1,000,000,000 cut it dow one-half. Third, I believe in absolute unlimite free coinage of silver. Fourth, Repeal the 10 yer cent Ac against State banks. I ou can't gi money from national banks, because is not there. The money is scarce b4 cause the currency goes back toithe c-n tres of business and the people can't gc it out. Let us put the power out < Wall street by each State issuing it own currency. The only danger in yot plan is that when the collapse comes injures the poor man. not the rich. M first Senatorial act was the introdu( tion of a bill to repeal the 10 per cer tax on the issue of State banks. M Calhoun's idea was to put the matt back in the hands of the people. M Calhoun favored the sub-treasury as w have now in Chicago, New Orleans, et to issue currency for the benefit of th people, but not to give it to them Th was for convenience. The sub-treasu ies are only branches of the Federi treasury. The people cannot get ti money except they haye something t sell for it. Another step I wouid take to the se tlement of the "unevenness" is thh Put ten acres of cotton to the mule f< three years. Let farmers do this an they will have the world at their fee They would be then the iiost prospe ous people on the globe. As for not b ing able to put their products on ti market at any time is all stuff. Thei is not an acre of ground in Newberi that cannot iake'something to se every month of the year. I am opposed to only two planksI the Alliance platform. The sub-trea ury bill is unwise, and the worst thil for the tarmers. I am also opposed Governmental control or operation all railroads. for the following reasoi The more you can divert the Interest the people from the Government tL better off will the masses be. Voice: How about the Third Part, General? Butler: We have no room for tt Third Party. There can only be tw parties. The old Democratic thoug Duffeted stands still. Voice: What.has the Democratic pa: ty (jone for the South in the last thirt live years? Butler: If you are so far in the bact woods as not to know what that part has done for the South you are a poo sinnner and "ought to be born again You would be an excellent Third Pa ty leader. Senator Butler then eulogized mci stirringly the Democratic party. It hz held its own under the direction of th wiscest statesman, Jlefferson; held il owe against Revolutionist and Anarci ists. When I hear talk of a 'Third Pai ty I am over whelmed with pain. Th D)emocratic party baa stood like a stor wall against all aguressors and for thn alone, ilt had nothing .else, should i lauded to the skies, It repressnts horn rule and self governmient. Party aft& party hats risen in the ruins or olde parties, while tihe Democratic part alone has stood the blood of wars an the heat of political activity. It stand with the very doctrines ort thme Alliant except tihe two I have opposed above. bslieve wIth 140 majority in the Hlous with the present Senate, and with tii chances favorable of electing the noe P'resident, if it fails to iring relief the I shall tal~k about the TIhird Party, bn not with such signs of success. W herever a far mer makes all lie ne&< does his business on business priic pies, he will not want money at 2 pt cent. MRt. STOKES's RtEPLY was only a recital of argu meats useil I his lirst,speech. In several he simpi stated that he disagcreed with the hont orable Senator. His reply was limit,e to t,hirty minutes, but a diownpot forced him to conclud(e earlier. Tli time of each speaker was at first place to .one hour and a half, but such clamor arose when Senator Butler ba gan to take his seat at the end of th time that it was prolonged. Later in the day Col. Talbert mad a speech, which was not a disculsson c the sub-treasury, but a general All aince talk. Beyond this it would hay been a violation of agreement. HII address was interrupted b)y rain. All the speakers deserte.l Prosperit this evening. Senator Butler goes in mediately to Washington. D)r. .J. 'M Stokes was called to Greenville. Co Tialbert returned to his duties in C< lumbia.---News and Courier. Democrae and Alliance. Nixw York, Jusly 23.-Just befor Sam Small left town lie had a fe1 thigs_to say oii the politics of Lih south. "Trhe A'lli.mnce brother," sal Mr. Small: "is a horse, and gallopin through tne south with great ener g: The rank and file of the southern Di mocracy are under the Alliance banne They don't want a third party. Th Democratic party is the party of tLb people. They are the people, and the have afew planksw which they want t see in the platform of the People's part: They control seven or ehirht souther states and, as Dewrocrats, they will sen delegates to the national con vetim who will, as Democrat., ask that L Alliance doctrine be consIdered. Oeo g ia haas84,000 Alllana"o Democrats. A kia'as haa 2%,000. Nearly all the farre era in South Carolina are for the D) mocracy and t.he Alliance. THE GREAT DEBATE. t TERRELL AND TILLMAN HAVE IT HOl D AND HEAVY. The Uolen of the Alliance as Construe e by President Stokes Give the Sub-Tress Ury Advocate the Advatage of Openiu and Closing the Argument. SPARTANBURG, S. C., July 24.-Today the debate between Governor Tillmar and Col. Terrell was the great point 01 interest, and reportorial inquiry for the y debate was strictly in secret. The Al D liance people had put forth extra forci I to preserve that secrecy. Reporter 1, gathered on the balconies in windowE of the hotels, and in the shadows of th e walls of the Opera House. It was al e in vain. All that could be gathere< 1 was a word here and there from th( speakers. It was, of course, especialli 1. desired to hear what Governor Tillmai s ha(t to say. Alliance men got into th 6. hall, but there were Non-Alliance men in a crowd three feet thick and deep f who did not get into the hall. If ther( d were any reporters in the hall they wer( n very few in number and were no known in that oflicial capacity. Can d vassers, who were Alliance men for th( revenue of this meeting only, were pro jected into space. They knew nothing t could get nothing, and have nothing that is either news or true. GOVERNOR TILL31AN A1TEARS. About 9 A. M. Governor Tillman wa: driven down to the hotel from the resi dence of Adjt Gen Farley. At thal time the Merchants' Hotel lonby wa: ?.rowded with business men and adven turers and voliticians. Among the lat ter were Gen Stackhouse, Capt Snell - Senator Evans, Capt Waddell, Col J. 8 i Browning, Senator Donaldson, the Re% .J. A. Sligh and a host of others. Gov r ernor Tillman stepped into the lobby and was inet there by Col Terrell anc President btokes. There was a heart3 greeting, and in a few minutes all thi initiated were on the way in the rain t( the Opera House. In front of the academy there wa A OREAT .JA31 of people, who, in turn, were halted a the gatfs. and asked to give the pas, 0 word, just as it was at Edgefield soim weeks ago. The capacity of the bvau tiful Opera House is about six hundred : but if there was one there were on ir thousand people in the building whet d the fireworks began. - Governor Tillman, President Stoke - and Col Terrell went on the stag through the crowd in the left tide pam ie sage and were cheered every step of th *e way and were cheered again when the V stepped on the stage. i TIE ORDER OF DEBATE Was as given this morning in The New 11 and Courier. Col Terrell, it being " 5- civil case," had the opening and repl' ig An arrangement was promptly mail 0 by giving Col Terrell half an hour t f open then Governor Tillman an liou 1: and a half, Col Terrell to close in a )f hour. e Governor Tillman was also accorde the privilege of interrupting his oppe it nent and getting categorical answers t his interrogatories. e I COL TERRELL o was warmlv received, and coming for h ward he said that he deemed it a iora obligation to be here, but one that aside I rom that consideration, gave hin infinite pleasure. lie had learned t( know and appreciate the %outh Caroli na Alliance men and those who wer( not only allied with him organicall3 y but in thought and principle. [Ap , plause.] Ile had come not only to teact as beAt lie could, but to be ta'ught, io -mutual enlighteniment was the spirit o the age. (Applause.] iIe was glad t t meet so skilful and able an opponent 'S but the audience should remember tha e the meeting was for a single purpose t< a discuss before the Order (he would enm -phasize this expression) t he sub-treas -ury bill in its essential features and it e principles, and he knew that ihe discus e aloon on the other side would take ni t wider latitude, Going into the argumeni e he said that the sub-treasury was on e of the demands of the Alliance and a r such it should be respected. IIe tel r and( knew that neither the Alliance no y anly other popular organization couli d exist if it did not ask something tha 5 would benefit the whole people. I1 e held that the men of the St Louis Con I vention were equal in brain and influ a, ence to any delegates that ever attend e ed a convention. That convention wa t composed of men who in the endl repr< uI senIted the sub-Alliance and there for t the people. OOVERLNSENT1 CONTLOL. OF TRA NSP'Ol 8TATION I- tihe third dlemand of the Alliance. Ii 'r held that the constitutional right of th Government could not be con troverfted and the Alliance was only asking thu n Government to carry out the law. 11 y held that the expenses of the railroad: -in lobbying, etc, miuist De paid( out of thi .1 people's pockets. le then alluded t r the dlemand for financial reform, or, a: e expressedl by the Ocala phitformi, thm d abolition of national banks and the es a tablishment of sub-treasuries. -IThe position of 2ol Trerrell is her: e given In his language as follows: " We demand the abolition of nationa~ e, banks. By this the Alliance mean11 f banks of issue. We believe the Gov .ernment alone has the right to umaki e money and in the national banking sys a tem the Government hias delegated thai power to the banks, without restrictioi y as to the amount they should keep ii - circulation. With the latitude greali ., abuses have grown up in connectiol j. with them, and the circuhlton has beeti expanded to suit the money pow er t< the great hurt of the farmers a:nd labor era of the country. TIhe pwuperty o~ any country Is at. the mercy of thosi a who can control its money, and believ v ing tils to be so the Alliance rightly de mands the abolition of the nationa bankcs as banks of issue. COMiNG TO THlE POiNT. "Second, We demand that the Govern .ment shall establish sub treasuries o. - depositories in the several States whici .shall loan money direct to tihe people a e a low rate of interest, not to exceed e per cent per annum, oni uiperishabi y farm products and also upon real estatE o with proper limitations upon the quami r. tiLy of landl and amount of money. I: n this demand the Alliance int ended d provide for increasing the circulatin n medium by advancing money on Ian e (which they demand shall be increase -to *50 per capita.) In' the advan,e o r- tarmn products the intention was to gi -. to the cireui'tion that flexibility abe lutely necessary to the welfare and pr< tection of t.he farmers. "Now let us first look at the necessity of an increase of the crculation. I be lieve that I shall be able to prove to the satisfaction of any fair minded man that a very great crime ha4 been com mitted against the people by contrsc tion of our circulation. If you will ex amine statistics for the last twenty-five years you will lind that they will prove three things: First. That the per capita volume of currency has been con stantly and materially lessened; second, that bankruptcies and lailures have rapidly multiplited in consequence; third, that the national debt during this period has increased instead of being diminished." lie then dealt with the subject of the contraction of the currency and the resultant failures and losses. Speaking of the plan of relief Col Terrell said that the subtreasury was introduced to give the people control of the circula i tion and the power to prevent discrim I ination against the prodtucer. lie dis cussed at length the need for more money and defended cotton as good a basis as gold bullion, WE SHOULD SAY so! This was the essential part of the arugment, and the speaker maintained it with great force. Col Terrell in his address necessarily went over a great deal of the ground covered in the ad dress of Col Polk, and which was given to-day in The News aid Courier. OOVERNORI TILLMAN was received wth great enthusiasmn when he arose to peak. lie was evi dently in the hou-.4 liance men ard friends. Opening h,s -eh be said: "1 thank you for th i-r-diality with which I was receive'.t by .iu yesterday, and for the renewal of that feeling to (lay. At the outset I would call atten tion to the charges that have been made inside and outside that I have been lighting the Alliance. I need not tell you that such charges are not true. [Applause.] "I am aware that the Alliance has been criticised and that I have been ap pluded and patted on the back on the assumption that there was a personal light between the Alliance and myself, but I tell you iny friends that that en dorsement has been of no avail. [Ap plause.] It was too transparent. [Ap plause.] If they have beeni urging ine forward on the supposition that there was a war between me and my friends in the Alliance, they have ben mista ken." 4401NO FOR POLK AND STOKI. t,overnor Tillman said that at the outset he was obliged to compla;n of the injustice of President PIk coming here and taking a vote in the Alliance . on the subject imatter of tho debate of a to-day. lie desired also to know why President 'olk had the right to elim - inate ive planks of the Ocala platform and that such a furor was raised be s cause he differed with his brethern on oneisingleplank. [Applause.1 Iclatim, said Governor Tilillman, that the action of President Polk and of Prcsident o Stokes was nothing more or less than a r usurpation of authority not granted by a the constitution of the Alliance. TESTINO THE OCA LA PLATFORM. SGovernor fillman then took up the . Ocala platform and discussed it from the opening to the closing section. lIe lai( great stress on the value and iim portance of the free coinage of silver and explained the robbery committed !by its demonetization. lIe then argued in favor of an income tax and the ab solute necessity of having Senators elected directly by the people so as to get rid of the power exercised by mil lionaires who bought and sold the peo ple like cattle or hogs. IlIe claimed that the sub-treasury bill had come to the people downward from the St Louis meeting in a perfunctory way, and that it had gone back to Ocala and(11had beeni endlorsedl in the same waly, with the result and effects not under stonod by the people, the source of author ty. [ Applaiuse.] "'Ilut I will not deny," he saidi, "that the agitation has done great .goo(t in this broad country of ours, for it has calledl attentioni of the world to the fact that the pr<,ducing classes are surely oppressed, and are demanding, Scrying for relief. A ppla use.J Governor Tlillman t.hen touched upon the currency question. I am, lie said, Sin favor ol a Ilexibile cutrrency, of a r great,er voltune of currency; lit I maintain that ia Ilex ible currency as eni unciat ed by C'ol Tlerrell mieans an at. Stemipt to lix p)rices by legislation, to lix . t he price ot comm noditie's by st atute. - That, my friends, is fallacy, because .the price must be regulated by the ini flexible law of supply and( diemandl. - IFOLLY OF TPil i CO TTON STOiCAU E I OCA. 3 Governor Tlillman said that, ini calse cott.on got dlammedl up in the ware - hiouses the consuimmers woulol know that it would have to coinie out in time andi that just as soon as t,he <lantity was known, which couldl not be concealed, ,the price wouild gravitate to its normnal level. Thmis illust ration lhe int.roduced to show 'hat ain artilicial means could r:ot evade or rumn counter to an esta b lished law ini the commnerc-ial wvorld. It was asserted. he said, that D>y spreiadmng the supply over t welve imonth-s the fall in price would be prevenited arid that Ihe evils of inconstatt prices w'ouild be obivial.ed. Tihey had, however, forgot t.en tha~t by the termus of the bill by which thme whole coumld bie oiily held for twelve mnonths, one-twelt h ot the crops must be sold each month, andi that there was absolutely nothing to prevent the speculator from havidg ihe same chance as he holdJs under existing liws, iIe would have the samie o-ha,mce with the sub-treasur,y as lie no0w has with the people. 'Thle Go(verno'r hmeld to the poai tioni that, the sub-treasury bill was class legislation, or, as lie put it to-day, "it is a special privilege rather than a right." I admiit, lie said, that the Government has loaned money, but the right for such action is biased on the general Wvel fare clause of thme Constitution, and hot upon proscript,ive or stat,utory right. - It will not be deied that any scheme I may take for its assunmption of right the elastic geineral welIfare clause of the Constitution, which from Its very name settles no specific right or prin ciple. G OOD DEMOCRATIC DOCTRINE. 1 11h1(1 again, said Governor Tfilman Ion the next branch of discussion, that a the sub treasury bill is fairly open te , the charge of paternalism. 10 proposes 1 pIe in the hand(s -f a centralized power at Washington, and this is In absolute i contradiction of the principle laid down I by Jefferson that the Government gov I erns best that governs least, [Ap i Plause.] Ini other words, that there e sbbuid be equal rights to all and special ! rvlgst oe Ie would appeal, a- hre id to ne.o saae8 and patriot ism of the nannia n amnrinFit aid in the obtaining of just and reasonable laws, instead of the partisan favoritism shown by the Government in the main tenance of national banks and nursing private manufacturing industries. [Ap plause.] POLK AS A SOCIALIST. lie characterized Col. Polk's views on the money question, referring to the Governmeilt lending money with the avowed intent of injuring ol.her classes of business as Socialism. It would amount in the end to a division of the property ot the people and produce a condition in which the provident and the improvident would share alike. Governor Tillman repeated here that the Alliance all agreed as to a greivous wrong existing, and that the dispute was only as to the remedy. lie pointed out as causes of the burden on the.peo ple of the South the inequalities of the burdens laid on their shoulders as com pared with the people of the North and elsewhere. lie showed that the mil lionaire and the poor farmer were the simultaneous and necessary product of such laws. Ile thought that there was just as much hope at present for getting the sub-treasury bill through as there wai for the South being paid for ne groes or getting the Federal pensions reduced. On the contrary, he tsw a disposition to pension every bummer, whether or not, lie had ever heard the whiz of a bullet. In fact, he believed the time was coming when the pensions would be increaEed to $200,000,000. SOMETILING ABOUT THE THIRD PARTY. Governor Tillman then paid his re spects to the Third Party. IIe read tabulated statements showing the elec toral strength of the Democratic and Republican parties of all the States. lie took those States in which the farm ers were in the majority and said that if all of them declared for a Third I 'arty they could not elect the President. The idea is, he said, for the Western and Southern farmer to control the country, but that would be impossible if they carried all the States in which tie farmers have a majority. It should be remembered that, while there were 8,000,000 engaged in agriculture, there were 11,,00,000 engaged in other occupa tions. They should remember that the Republican farmers in the North were particularly bitter, hostile and partisan as regards the South, and that the Democrats were for the most part from the cities. They should rememberthat the Democratic majority of 60,000 in the city of New York had been, and could be, discounted by the Republican farmers of New York State. They should remember that Kansas had given 80,000 majority for Harrison, and yet we are asked by them to turn our backs on the Democrats of Connecticut, New Jersey, New York and Indiana, and this too for the mere risk of elect ing a )emocratic President by the Western vote. TH'D ANUER OF DIVISION. Governor Tillman showed that the sub-treasury bill could not be forced on the National Democratic Convention and that the issues now could only have the result of di viding the National Democratic party, as it did in 1860 and give the Republicans a continued lease of power. I ask you, he said do you not realize that there are anxious poli ticians all over the United States, and right here, too, in South Carolina, who are fervently praying that we divide here to-day? Do you not know that the Haskell party watches our proceed ings and is hoping for and expecting a division, and so are the Republicans and all other opponents of the State uemocracv? IIe would remind the Alliance that Senator Peifer, the ex ponent of the Kansas Alliance, had said that, of course, he would support the Alliance, but he would vote with the Republicans on other interests, and that Powderly, the chief of the other n ing of the industrial army, the Knights or Labor, coup)led his support of the Alliance dlemands with the coni dition that political equality should be accorded the negro. I maintain, he conicludied in vigorous style and earnest manner, that dlivision in South Carolina means the negro. Ti-: (IOVEINOR('S IDEAs ON THlE CU: nCENCY. G overnor TIillman gave as his remedy for a flexible currency the repeal ol' the 10 per cent tax onl State banks and the establlishmient of' banks to issue money b)ased( on land and crops uist as our credhit is now based on loans and mort gages, iIe was in favor of the farmers est ablishing their own banks and print ing their own money instead of' paying such rates of interest, lie held that we might have a sub-treasury under State control, but a sub-treasury undler national control meant the perpetua tion in power of the party by which it was established. A TIME[Y wARININCI. lie wvoul warn his brethren that a divisioni in the D)emocracy at this junc Lion meiant a continuance of the ite publicans in power andl the possible enactment of the force bill, lie would further say that a (division between the Farmers' Movemert and the Alliance meant a return to powver of the Rting, which they, with such a hard light, overthrew last fall, [Applause and cheers.] Governor Tillman closed by miakinug an appeal for unity, harmony and charity, and the State. Resolutions of thanks were tender-ed Governor Tillman and Colonel Terrell for the information they hand imparted by the discussion, 4 Work Shop. ECvery farmer has frequent-almost constant-need of a work shop. it may not be a seperate building; a place at one side of the carriage-room will answer, There should be a good sized bench with a vice at one end anld a place for using the planes, of wvhich there should be at least two kinds pro vided, A shaving bench, with a draw ing knife, is an essential foat ure of a well stocked work shop; and saws, chis els, bit-stocks, and bits, hatchet, files, scre w-d rivers, wrenches, etc., should all be at hand, For work in metal, p unches, cold-chisels, anvil, etc., are all needed, A soldering iron is important, and also a few needles and awls for doing the ne cessary mending of the harness, By those provided with a work shop or work room, many a rainy day may be turned to good account. A well-equip ped work shop will do much to make the boys interested in the farm work, and tend strongly to keep them at home when they m hglt be tempted to go to the villiage or esewhere. A Murderous soldi. BERLIN, July 24.-At Posen today a drunken soldier ran amuck through the streets, sword In hand, and killed a priesteand a phsician before he could