The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1871-1903, January 12, 1888, Image 1
V O L , X V II ' PE.TS
VUL, XVI. IUKENS, S. (U., TI1UliSI)AY, JANUARY 12,18.NO1.
XVII...
UNI)ER fiLE CZAR'S RULE.
H1OW TIE 'EAb.INTS OI RUSSIA ARIE
KLI' IN SUIIJECTION.
J."ng lIourx of I)uty--Tiielr llomox, Tilling
the Soil. liarvosting Sceues--An Interest
ing Letter on the Customs of a Ieuark
able Nation.
(P. 8. heath in New York Mall and Express.)
'4T. PETiB5IiURo, :Ucomber 28.
Peasant life life in Russia presents an
interesting study. In the rural portion
of the country is found quito three
fourths of the entire population, St.
Petersburg and Moscow being the prin
cipal cities, and therefore the bone and
ainew is with this class of people. Only
about 5 por cent., of the peasants csn
road and write, and few have the erli
nary instincts of .an and woman. They
are superstitious, ignorant and stupid.
But this is not a wonder. They have
been a free people scarcely longer than
:e blacks of America, it being during
h: troublous slavery times in the United
States that Alexander Ii. issued an ukaso
giving the white slaves of Russia free
dom. They were not slaves in the sense
of being owned, body and soul, by their
landloids. The land which they occu
pied was the property of the nobility,
and none were permitted, when once
located on a farm, to leave it permanent
ly or to go beyond a certain distance,
even temporarily.
No schools were provided for the
peasants during the time of slavery,
none are provided now, and then, n 'a.
the present time, the lesign of thu (ier,
influenced by the nobles, was to keep
them in the densest condition of s;ivi
tudo and ignorance. Their earnings on
the farms are gauged by the landlords so
that they have just enough on which to
live. As no means were provided for
the elevation of the slaves when they be
came serfs, they have remained exactly
where they were found, and for all prae
tical purposes they might just as well
have remained slaves. It is generally
believed that the Czar's act in emanci
pating them was to gain diplomatic favor
abroad.
IN A PEAsANT's HOME.
A peasant's house i-s a very rude
structure and contains none of the ele
monts of comfort, healthfulness or clean
liness. Freluently the stables are under
the same roof with the tenant. Is.ir,
allowance of furniture, food and cloth
ing being fixed by hiN landlord, ho lives
scantily. The >iuilding is usually of
pine or cedar logs atout ten inches in
diameter, barked and set neatly together.
It is of one story in height, with one
room, generally has three or four win
dows. with one sash in ezch, and they
are protected from the outside by rudo
board shutters, which when closed at
night make complete darkness with in
and ventilation miserable. The iloors
are of logs and earth, and the bedi are
on the floor.
'there are no stoves in a peasial's
house. A stick and clay chimney !ire
place suflicos. here warmth is secured,
and the food is cooked in kettles. The I
family meal is spread on the floor, and
the repast is partaken of while sitting on
folded legs, tailor style. In frunt of
many of thcso houses, which are covered
with hay and poles-a rough sort of
thnteh-the traveler frequently sees a
drosky from the city, the vehicle of the
landlord, who pays daily visits. The
peasant has very crude agricultural im
plements. IIe generally makes theni at
is own furnace and gives them fiuish
and( polish on his own grindstAone(.
'The peasant's grindstone is a lhuge
afl'air, is turned by one man, while
anothm', sitting up on a frame above it,
manipulates the imp)lemnent. A xes, plow
shares, scythes, wagon tires, p)ortionsl of
harness, horseshoes and everything used
about a farm or stable are finished on
the grindstone. A crude little furnace
heated with "peat" or pine chips and the
grindstone comprise the mianufactuuing
appliances of the peasant. His plow is a
simple pole wvith handles on a dead level
with the tongue, which has an oil'shoot
downward, on which the share is nailed
'r tied.
A plowing see in Riussia, with the
yh old frame, the crude, triangular
-i-mend-shaped sharo and the tiny
tie furrow madeo, would be disgusting
well as pitiall to the Amseric an farm
er's eyes. The drmaught or weight of the
plow comes directly from the high
howed hame, wvhich extends two feet
*above the horse's neck and which isi fas
tened to the collar. .Instead of traicos
*the tongue or shafts do the pulling. TIhe
R~ussian in no walk of life has yet learned
the philosophy of direct diraught fr:om
the collar of the horse. All vehicles are
drawn by thme shafts and tongues, and
those are fastened to thoe high hame or'
bow, which in turn is fastened to the
collar. There is no such thing as trace
straps or chains. Carriages are thus
drawn.
wOMEN THE IWAr. wou1nms.
The women in Russia do Lsvo-thirda of
ath work in the country. T1here are im
ense wheat, oat and hay fields (oer'
here, and in August there is gr-eat
ivity in the country. 'The large ma
rity of persons at woerk are women.
he,y wear short dresses, plain and
aight, and a long pico of cloth over
cir heado like the Arabs. The wheat
sown broadcast, and if not cut by the
omen with sickles is harvested with the
-fashioned soyt.hh, which has a two
nd anead and a broad, short bhle.
am the snead up to the handle thaere
pearanc, the hafof a heavy barrel
Up.This bow keeps the wheat, etc.,
omfalling back over the meythe hanadle
and scattering. I have never yet saeena a
man who would deign to gather up, bind(
and stack the wheat or oats when once it
was felled. The women must do this
while the mndo the "gentlnmainjy"
tg the grain with the scytho. The
ghors club together in harvest and
6110e another.
. Rusesian harvesting rendezvous is
lively, and is the scenec of a motlv
d. TIhe old men and young, hoy's
*girls, with their liothers, grand
ems and aged womoen, assemble at
k, There are a number of
,on wvhich arc carried water, food
implements. Theo horses the
d men ride. while the old women
walk. They always carry the soythes
forks and rakes hack and forth over
day, and work as long as thero is day
light; and since it is daybreak at 3 a. n
and not dark till 9.30 p. i., the hours o
labor are long ones.
The forks used in the fields are mad<
of the prongs of tree branches. A limi
is selected which has at least three oft
shoots, and from this a hay or when
fork is mado. The wheat is stacked a
first like thut of America, except in tin
matter of cap-sheafs. Instead of thrc(
or four top-sheaps just one is placed. II
is turned heads down and spread so as tc
cover the entire stack. The heads o:
Russian wheat are long and slender an
the grain small and red. It would b;
graded at l)uith or Chicago as No.
The straw is rank and slender, and thi
yield a little more prolific than in Amer
lca. it is harvesto,t aud sown in th<
same month, August. When the wheal
is sulliciently mlaturc( it is hauled or
long, slendor, oii:-horso wagons to thi
wiudmill on tho farm and threshed.
hauling wheat to the thresher is i
leisurely and lazy work, and is nevel
done tilt the plowman wants the ground
it occupics. The windmill which fur"
nishes the flail power for the threshinp
is the samO found throughout HIollaud
and Germany. It is double-armed, tit
samo as the one Dn Quixote set out, tc
con(ucr. These mil!s are very commou
around Wars'w, in Poland, and arc
used for every coueivable work, tIhc
wo11ion1 evei grinding their coffee, churn
ing and washing with them. The
lightest breeze sets them going, as their
faces are turned against the wind so am
to catch its full forc. 'Tis appecrs,
however, to b the only labor-aving in
ytitution found in ius 4a.
I asked a landlord why ho did not in
troduco the mderci impleeincts cn liE
farms, and was informed that labor win
too cheap; besides, it was found ad
vantageous to give us many people worl<
in the country as possible, because i:
they go to the towns or cities they be
como troucble ome! it will not ho 1U
the scifs leave the firam that Ruh!Esia will
blave modern inprovemnet s; and not till
then wi'l she compete to any gcea x
tent with the tiitc:d States iii supplving
the wheat markets of ]Europe.
No EIloC'IiON Fon TIE 'oo:.
lthough ignorant and kept away from
;eneral couhunication, the peasants in
Russia are becoming greatly d1ististed
with the way they are treated by the
government and the landowners. ThIey
take the recently issued edict on the
muhjcct of education to cover their c
uore especially thnn that of any othei
dass. The ministry of public education
has but recently (tclared that it will
st.op the l:et avenue possible to the ciu
,.ttion of the I)oCr el+esse. It will Ioi
permic them to cuter even the privatt
uiv ersities, and lies cloed Ihe doors1 of
the public ones by a cieulir to the cu
rac)ra of the aelolastic circuits, an
uole"ing hat ''ymuasi' ad p.u
gymnasia will henceforth refuse to re
ceivo as pupila tle children o
domnestic servants, coo!s, waster-Womnl(',
small shop-keepers .md othes of likc
conditiou, whose children, with the ex.
ception, perhaps, of those gifted with
extraordinary capacities, she.,1 t not. to
raised from the circle to whihK: they be.
I og and h thereby led, as long as ex
perienc ie, shown, to dee;ise I heir
pare"ti, to becom,1e disent. 1uted w ith1
their lot and irritated agtiust the inevit
cble inequlitis of existieg social pcsi
bions."
Tfhie real ri son tti this et raurdinary
piroelamition hacs beecn i.sued is the
rowth of Nihilism. This the ollicials
Ireely and frankly admit. Tliy say
Ghat as soon as the chi!d of a )eisaui
- ets into school Qad begius to read and
think he or she 1eos a Nihilist, an,
e' into the comamunity from whence
mhe pupil came a.nd spreads the infac
bion. So the last chanuel to intelligence
s to bue thnus closedl. The edict w~a'
sued at the instamuce of the nobility,
nd is also intended to check the emigia
~ion from the farms to the cities.
A fli; I'i h Story.
A most remaurkable story of trout Iish
ing comes fromi Caple Uireton Island, in
blhe extremoe nor then part of Novac
Scotia. The narrator's hero is himself,
ind lie says that one w'riter, being tired
af sadt beef, went ouct to catch troat fori
his table. In that hea'elity the fish art
pzite plentifulI when the waters ofI Lmke
Ain:-leo are sullIicienitly warmi to cause
them to seek a cooler retreat, and on:
the day in qustion the conit ions must
lmcve been uInusiully favorable, for thet
jishierman's (lily 4tr,imle wa in the ex
L'rtiona of htuding~ the li nmeroius eatches.
S,o eager, h leel , were the fish that they(
would often jnp ab~ove the wat r to get
the bait, and the spoirtsmani concludd~
to facilitate moatters by d;agl ing tI
hook outl a foot 111,ove the water ccudc
gett ing on hiis knetes and gi vincg 41he fi sh,
as fast as they jumleid up, a d< xterom
box oni the earts that sent the.c m prawlingF
on the ice. The pbm worked admairably'
and the ncarratorXc hand was kept n
b)usy that hce was finally forced by slhe:
fat,igue to put anc end to [the nove
pastimue. What is ealledc a conservaitiv
estimate pilaces the qu'antity of tishi se
cured cit over four bairrel:i. The gentle
manll wals probably willing to retmun N(
salt beet be'fo re lhe exhauseted tihe scuppl'
on hcand. What a paradise for augler:
that pacrtiicular stream mnuet be! Amc
what an inventive genius tliat lonetto 1h
ermmn is!
'Thle thcirty-seveni agriculItural colleges
anmd expeirimenital stations 'whIich hcavt
been hunigrily watching and waiting foi
the first payment of thueir $1 5,000O a yea1
which Congress voted them in March
1887, will perhaps get over frowning ai
Comptroller Durham now. .1Jo han pu
:1 requtst for a lump sumi of d85,000( fo.
them in the urgent deficieney bill, with
lhe calmi statement that he conhii not pa3:
the money out hecausce the bilhi was ico
drawn so an to empower him to do) 5o
[ii' dioes not, sly that the mani who drev
the bill shcowed himself t4) be ratheri
(ohump, but thmat is wvhat hce icaens t<
couvey. TIhe comiptroller' says that uni
her thme provisions of the Act I)ckob
establlishe~d d)ne exp)erimnct staitiocn, an
othmer S-tates have been making enlarge
imintc and inmprovemsents, bumt he hasi 1no
been able to) give them a penny yet.
"Bcu it terible, hl)hby, I thnt ey lov
I ucmn to have four wIves inc Tuckey?
"Not so terrib,le as it wvoukd be it It wer
comnll$ory, my fea. "
i)A NI i 1 .'&.NNINO'8 1.1.1'i.
A .oor i."y Wih,. lde Ii uelcif Ore of the
(.rettcst l'ullticiauls.
f (1From ti.e N .v York 'i'ss )
D,anicl ianning was born in Albany,
August 16, 1I31. His father died when
ho was a child, al ho was obliged to
provide for himaself when only nine
years of ago. 1Iis first employment was
in the oflice of the Albany Atlas, which
was isulctlutently merged into the
Argus. lie began by sweeping out the
ollie, and in course of time cane to bo
the ''devil" of the establishment.
While in this position le learned to
L set type, anmd gradually rose to tii posi
tion of foroman of th corn; osing room.
1ien lie joinua the re, rtriil shifl of
ho Aru and firs-t ite[oded the mar
heta. Afterward he a u uppointed to
report the proccedings of the State en
ate, and was employed in that capacity
for a number of years. lie subsequently
became a stockholder in the Argus, and
in 1865 was made associate editor. When
William Cassidy, the chief editor and
president of the Argus Company, died in
1873, Mr. Manning's judgniont, general
intelligenco and business talent obtained
for him the presidency of the company.
Ie very ieldom wroto any editorials for
the paper, but contented himself with
directing and managing its afltirs.
In 1873 he also became conne ted with
the National Chemical I :nk of Albany,
and was elected a director. He was ad
vanced to the vice-presidency in 1881,
aud in the following year, upon the
death of (leneral Robert .1. Pruyll, he
became the prsidelnt. 1ie wa aalso a
miemiber of the Albany Park (.oummis
Si0ners, o11e of the trustees of the Fort
Orange Club, a director of the Albany
llailway, the Albany and Susluehanna
Railroad Company and the Albany lec
trical Light Company.
Mr. Manning during all his life took
an active interest in l lities, but it. was
only of bite years that he hee.hm known
as a political leader. H - was scarcely
known at all in political circles outside
of Albany prior to the election of Samuel
.7. 'Tiblen as (overnor of New York. lie
was appointed a lclegait from Albany to
the convention of 1 i7-, which nou
nacd Mr. Tilden for Governor, and
)rove d so useful in the campaign which
followed that he gained 3t. 'Tillen's
confidence. le was always a )emocrat,
and thoroughly believed in the prin)ci
ples of that party.
In 1871 he was elected a member of
the Democratic State Committee. in
1879 8(o ho served as secretary of the
conmittee and in 1881 he was chosen its
presidcnt, a positioi he occupied con
tinuously for sevcral y ears. In 1880 he
had become regarded as Mr. lilden's
mn.)t trusted adviser, and wis one of the
noi t in,ilucntial mecmbcrs of thec N:'w
York delegati1on in the national cjnven
tion which nomiuted General Wintieh
I. aucoci for President. It was
through hie, as chairman of the New
1ork delegation, that Mr. Tilden con
inunicatcd to the convention his de
1cision not to stand again for the Prosi
deney.
It has been said that Mr. Manning wai
mainly instrnentiti in securing the
nomination of Mr. Cleveland for Presi
dent, and that a month previous to the
meing of the State Convention of i2
ho remarked to some political i'rionds
who called On him at the Arpgus oIlee:
it seems to me we laid bet ter nominate
this man Cleveland, of Bl:alo."
At the special request of \1 ir. Thiliep,
President Cleveland invited ir. Man
ling to become a member of his Cabinet
anud offired him the Secretaryahip of the
Treasury.
lie was always a man of delicate
health, und upon the ground that his
physical condition would not warrant
mimi in assuming the labors of the office
Mr. Manning at ist dleclinied. Influ
ences wvere brought to bear which finally
~induiced h1imf to enter Mr. Clevelaial s
Cabinut.
The labors of his position, as lhe fear
ted, wore more than lhe could sustain.
Ile was returning I rom, a Cabinet meect
ing on March 28, and wals about to enter
the Treasury building w~hien he was at
tacked with dizziness, and fell heavily to
the ground. iIe was taken to hisa home
in a carriage, where lhe remained for a
c'on.siderable time under the care o.f his
physician.
fte tendered his resignation as Scre
Itary of the Treasury to the~ President on
Jun 4i111, but Mr. Cleveland refused to
I accept it, and induced himi to tak'e a
long~ vacation. Again Mr. Manninig senit
in his resiginatin on F"ebruary 141, of
this year, to take eflect on MIarchu 1, and
this time the Pr~iesidenit accepted it with
regret, wh ich he (xpri essed in a lengt hy
eulogiistic letter.
le. Maunng then took: a trip to l'ii
roean'pent s' omei timei at the sea'idle
resortf of ourinemioutth, bult received1 no
permaent enefit. P'revious to his
resigniation lie was offered the presiden
I y( ofA he estern Nat iioaf Hank, which
was ablout to begina business in this city.
'This position he ialso d1eclined1 upion the
cer of ill health, but was told that if
he would accept4 it he would be given a
leav of absence which lhe conhl termi
nate at his own pleasuire. lIe consented
to ti arrangoeent and the bank was
iss Mary i ttle uns Mir Manning's
fird wi fe, whomi he married in I M>3. She
t ldest soni, .bunes II iltoinlhi M n ing, is
managmng editor of the Argui, anid the
oilher son, Frederick Cliunt,n Manning,
$ iiia achive young buieSsiO man11, O ne
oif the daughters is the wife of Jlohnx A.
ID)lehianty, an A lbany lawyer. Mr.
Maning miarriedl his secondi wife, Miss
May Margueritta Freyer, of Albany, on
November 19, 1884,
IlNo8 .'IP O(GANs.
We iire preparedl to 5(1 .i Pinos and(
Organs of t he beiist imake at faictor'y
prices for Cash or easy I netahnents
P imini's from .$210 up; Orgains fronm S24
uip. The verd( ict oif the people is that
t hey can save the fri1ght an wet-fv
pe r (cent. by busyinag of us. I ustrmuents1(5
dleli vered to anyi) depoJt 0on fifteen (lays'
trial. We pay freight both ways if no(t
- (atisfactory. Order and ltest ini your
own homes. liespectfully,
N. W. TldMP1,
Coluia )ii, S C.
Ji. E. PnIhs(o(:'s; Merchant'1Tailoir Es
'ahhment, Columbia, ti. C., ia in full
uast. Only a lo,ok will convince any
one. All that want a first-class fitting
sait try hinm. A full line of the best
croodsann hand.
.QVL'S VAI(ING.
1The Ficklo loerthaz )t.pro Rnfld Her
11usimnda.
(From the Cinniati EriuirOr )
In the great Algerian smoking-room,
extended on a divan, Bertha felt that
time laid heavy on her hands. She lost
all thought of the book that she had just
read, and which had slipped from her
ap to the carpeted floor, soft, thick and
rich in colors.
The October sun played wantonly
through the slightly opened window
upon the curtain hangings and the gilded
nails of the furniture.
Bertha dreamed of herself as the
maiden ; rec:lled tho day of her mar
riage, two munths ago, and one by one
the days, the hours which had since
rolled by, and from time to time you
could see her abrug her shouldero and
pout her lips.
Bertha is iot pretty, y et somehow, if
you could only see her, you certainly
could not help feeling that she merited
being loved. The heavy treasure of her
chestnut loeks massed at the back
s.traiglitened up her head into an atti
(tide of noble, graceful pride. Her
brown eyes, ordinarly indifferent, often
mocking, forget themselves sometimes,
and strayed off into dreams. And her
mouth, a little large, perhaps, but it
knew how to laugh one of those clear,
ringing laughs that you felt came from a
real good, honest soul.
Love? Well, no! she did not love.
Why? It is that eternal history: A rich
heiress, a commoner, t honghia Parisian,
w%ho promised herself within fifteen)
years to bear a title and havo a ''salon,"
she had not undeiatood that the bravo
young m:.an who called himself simple
(George Dure au n lived ten mouths out
of the twelve on his landed estate, know
ing Paris only by several weeks of each
year there, ha1 iven to her something
as rare as a line name in bringing to her
his great, good hear. u( strong youth.
Alh, if he had been a man of the world,
if the women had epoken in low tones of
his follies, the young girl would then
perhaps have reniarked that in the great
blue eyes of her lover there was enough
frnnl ness for all her confidence; love
enough for a wealth of ail'ection. She
did not know that a man has no time for
love in Paris; that solitude and the free
air of the woods are the best counsolors
of the heart. Bertha never once doubted
henelf, and I should have never guessed
it if site ind told me of it, and this was
how it caine about. While the lay there
dreaming, the sun commenced to sct and
the iudiscrect ray cast into her chamber,
slid over the flowery carpet and cun
ningly approached the young woman.
It kis.<ed her feet lirst, then her knees,
and meunted even to her face. )azzled
by the li~ht, Bertha rose to go and close
tne b)linid:a.
Now, near this window, in the em
brasure, stood a pretty little picco of
furnitu.-e usual;:y lcc1; '1 with a key.
This day the key had been left in the
lock and one of the drawers was left
partly open, and among a common lot
of papers Bertha perceived a package of
let ter; bearing George's address, and
having nothing else to do to amuse her
self, and noting the superscriptions to
be in the fine, light hand of a woman,
aiml as silence reigned in the closed
ehatmnber, the ray of the sun itself having
dis:iplared, she untied the ribbon that
secured the letters and began the icad
ing of them.
Tie first said simpl.:
"You are not thoughtful, my dear
friend. I asked for a few roses, a small
bouquet for my courage, and you sent
me a sheaf of flowers! 1 pardon you,
but see that you are wiser in the future.
By by. "LouisE."
A packet of letters is like a book; one
loves to linger over the leaves and glance
through them before reading them.
Bertha took from the middle of thme
puackage an envelope ornamented with a
silver monogram and drew out of it
another billet; it. was scarcely larger
than the first. b)ut it sii more, termi
nating wit,h these worde: "'You are
handsome" Th'lis time it was signed
"'Loubt."
Ti., yve renewed interest, and, lhen
euiriosiL touched, she absorbed herself
in th?eir reading for a long time. She
became passionately interested, for her
hands tremblled oach time she unfolded
at letter. Onme time eren she displayed a
little shiver of anger, and the tell-tale
red ftlushed her countenance.
Suddenly shte heard a voice calling her
from wit hout, that of her husband, who
had re'turned., She closed the drawer
qutick{ly, ian out upon the steps and
fountd herself face to fnce wvith George.
lIe was ttnding there, his gun negli
gently thrownvm on his shoulder, cap in
h2is hasd antd a little dusty amnd a little
I anned, bult young, strong and happy,
The day had been a good one and ac
cording to his custom lhe told her of his
Iltck aind of the incidenrts o,f his hunt.
I ert.ha Ilookedl without saying any
thing, and ini looking at himt and listen
ing Iio his clear, vibrating voice she
seemed t.o hear another voiee, the soft
voice of a woman, breathing into her
ear andm saying to her: "'Tell him. You
are hmandsoame."
'Come", tell me,' saimd G eorge to) her.
"I have asked you the question now
three tiimeu. Shan't we have tdinnei in
half ant hour? I itam (dying of hunger.
What say?'"
"V\ery well eertiiainlly,"5i Iah sho,
comkintg out of her reverie.
Wiile lie maountodl to his apartment
sh e remiined touighitfu s evert Ial min.
ates, caressing with a nervous hand
.Jack, the fitvorite spaniel. Of whom
was sihe thinking? Stopping for several
minutes 51he then quickly ratn tip the
stops5 and entered.
In thme smtiokiing room, before the same
drawer of the same piece of furniture,
lierthe resumed her interrupted reading.
She cpne l(th lasI t l& .1ter of the paclkage,
which ian thumm
"r I)mDean Faw.n\u: Thiey speiak of
yourt charmtin g finance, anid I. kinowu you
muist love hetr. 'To you 1 say, 'IeI hap
I y. 'jTo her I cian wishl iiothjing, lias
!;jit not sinatched all this3 g(ood fortune
fronm me? Does nihe know the1( full
imasumre of happ~iinesis? I wouIld so like
to tehili he. There! there! .1 grow weak
and foolish. Adicu. "'Lois:."
Iber;ha refoidedi the letters, tied thema
o1etl h r, atnd presmed th emu back withi
thm other papers; ito the dlrawer, thmen,
temtiing hersel f ini the la rge aram-chatir,
neatr thme wvmh)ow, remnainmed uiet and
j) *uiuve.
'The time rolled by and the young
woman beama so lost in her dreans
that she did not hoar George enter. He
loaned over the back of the chair atul
asked, laughingly: "Don't you know
that dinner is ready?"
Bertha raised on him her moictened
eyes.
"What! weeping?" said he.
"No," said she, rising. Then she
passed her arm around the nck of her
husband and sighed. "No. I love you;
that is all."
THE COLUMBIA SEMINAR{V.
)r. Voodrw Ca1iu that (5,a" ' W Upn
iml Iin r beenI "RenIewedcl."
''he Southern Presbyterian, publiShed
and edited by )r. James Woodrow, late
professor in the Columbia ''heoiogieal
Seminary of natural science in ito rela
Lion to revealed religion, and presout
professor in the South C:arolina U niver
sity of geology and zoology, last 'Thurs
day contained a column editoril,
entitled "rho war renewed," oiubc.lying
in greater detail the following statements
and comments:
"One of the inducoments offered to
students in the '1'heologieal Seminary is
that the lectures of the professors c,t the
South Carolina University are op.u to
them. Accordingly during the la:"t few
months several of the Seminary stdeits
have been attending Prof.' Voodrow's
slasses, some regularly natriculati eg as
University students and others obt'ning
permission from the professor to attend
regularly as visitors. Their attoLdance
suddceuly ceased. After a time (-ne of
thiei )cppeared. From the mini tes of
the N'u' c 'rleans Presbvtcry the hcmth -
ern I' -esbyt'srian now learns the ca lse of
the e."ation and reappearance, amd as
mrt .ins that the attendance was f,rbid
deon by Profs. '1'adlock, (irardean and
Ilerznan. The New Orleans I'rt.byte
ry, after considering on the 27th cf 'De
cembor a communication from the
faculty of the Seminary reative to' that
Presbytory's candidate, who, acting un
der the Presbytery's Assembly corre
spondent, announced his purpose to at
tend ProI. Voodrow's lectures con:trarv
to the wishes of the faculty, adopt( d, by
a vote of 18 to 11, resolutions sust aining
the faculty and disapprovidg the c'tion
of the Presbytery's correspondeit of
education."
TIhe l'resbyterian adds that in Oc tober
Prof. Woodow was earnestly requested,
in the name of the Seminary stude-itN, to
take a number of them under h is in
structions, either in his study or else
where, but peremptorily declined, but
subsequently several of them In. triecn
lated at the University in order to a_ttend
his lectures, and as he could throw no
obstacles in the way of such action, they
did thereafter attend them. Soon :om'e
of the students ceased attending,anl Prof.
Woodrow learned that the lcv. ( . A.
Blackburn, Dr. (lirardeau's son-in-law,
pastor of the Second Presbyterian C:urch
in Columbia, had informed several
students that their attendance at Prof.
Woodrow's University lectures w,:s in
juring the Seminary by causing outside
friends to withhold contributions, and
the support of those who persist d in
attending would be cut olY. Subsequent
ly Dr. Girardeau told one who ha(t beei
attending that such action was in direct
opposition to the will of the cntire
Church, and that if students we-e al
lowed to listen to Prof. Woodrow', lec
tures the entire elh;ct of the Ch:,celh's
struggle for the last three years would
be nullified. The stu dent, regarding
this as an ollieial opinion, notified the
faculty of his intention of reuowin bis
ttendance at the lectures. '1'hi an
pouncemcnt was not replied to by the
faculty, but they sent the communica
tion already mentioned to the Nov Or
Loans Presbytery.
The Southern Pres'yteriau exp:esses
regret that D)rs. T1adlck anid Hlle.mman
have shown themselves entitled to a
plhacc by Dr. Girardeacu's side inc the
front rank of extremist paritisans, and
says that it had not thoucght thact they
would ''1) found uniting with flbircl
league in boycotting at professo)r whot 1s
cluietly dischargin g his dutties in thce
State 'University,"
It is evident that this new dhex lop
mont will tend to keep) open tho~ git stion
of evolution so long fought over. .1 t is
Er curious fact that even the p)ractied ex
r'ommiunication of D r. Woodr-ow bir- ncot.
kept theological1 students from sc' ikig
his instruction in geology and1 c mcs
rhuent dicta as to the or-igini of man.
A Good, TIn g for-ILa~ Ho.
Manual training is one of thle few goo d
things that is good for- everybcody. It is
good for- the rich boy, to teach him. re
Tpect for the dignity of beautifult work.
It is go. d for the pcoor bo0, to icreasel
his facility for haindlinig totols, if too(lc;
preo to be the thing hce muist Iticicle ftor
a living after-ward. It is good ft the
bookish bioy to draw- him away firomi
books~c. I ut, most of acll, it is got d for
the nocn-bcorkishc boy, too, in sho winig
him that there is socmethcing that lie e ci
do we11I. ThIe hoy utterly iuncable, 'een
if lie wvece stucdious, to kee-p upl inc bcok
knowled ge acid pocentage with lice
brightecr boys, becomies d iscouraged,
duil! acid cmoody. I et himt go to the
work coonm for anc honr-, acid 11d tIat ihe
can make ac box or plance a rocugh p'ice
of board i s well acc thie br-igh ter strhobirc,
nay, very Iikcely belt er thanci hiis bri~ihtr
neighboi r, and1( y-ou havie gi von hii . can
impu)rlse of self1-respect thatd iS ofl unitohi(
becnefit to htimc when he ge- back to i
studies, Ile will bce ac better acnd bright
or Iboy for hinding out, somcethinig thact hie
can (10 well. Mind you, it is notl pho01ing
the b)oard that dloes him good; it is
p)laninig the board ini the ptresence oif
other boys who can no loniger look docwnc
upon01 him wheni they see hiow we!l he
can plane. Hie might go hiomce after
school and p)hlane ca boardt inc Lthe bcoiim
of his fasmily, or- go to an eveincg schoaol
to leacrn to p)lance, without, a<tIic.rter ptart,
nay, withcocut any, otf Lthe icnlabl
effect upoci his macihocod thact it will hcavei
to let hum plaice side b y side withi toe
whot i n montal attainiments cnmy be0 his
superiors. Amicericani Alaigaczine.
A IPittsburcg, Pa:., dachilLti mys)' thith
maini festo issued lust night l.y t he joit ;
soteictioni auil thle l'niught. tct Labor tIe
clatrs lihat the dIe ist eaest andi that c aieneracl
-strikce at l li ft iN'Ive t-hclri inc that re
gion,c (xt'ept tose coninig th1 it-t ir
(cnt. advanlce. will be inauctguraccted today
I'ive Iteadting, (otheie cs inc opeirajtin yelt-r.
kccep til apptiearacc-cs in aditionlic to the
anortinniti in Shunmbcihc l,Heerb.ct 1mtw. eecoc.1
Abi(Iot tdu e on th.U vcn'ing C1 f th. "d1
ult., w\hilc %\ r. WV..d. lackmonu, aL\' wl -
to-do fIiincr, who liVes'i i11 the eOh:tm
tCCtiOn1 of tli: (o111ty, was at 1is b). i,
about ftrty yaLs disit3nt from his d wel'
ing, looking iftcr hi: :stok, nevoral pe_
sons set ulpon hini w itlh elul)u and 1nu.t
brutally beat him until they aul1ppos7d
they ud 1;illed him , whe they took his
koya from hiIH JYCI4 a nod thr1ew himn it,>'
tho 8table. SariiL K('ily, a c0Ilorc(1 h)y,
who lives al)ut i) yard, oli, wa' the
first to tlprisec any oun of Al t. I;ack
loin'sl Conth1ltione. 11,y t!hnt hie i ..rd
the blowc i l<l su)4p. :3( N. 1.L. wa:,
beating One of the 1Uht(4, uoJU: \' het I.)
the htaLlh nod f(,umdi Mr. B. ling il II,
4tale n; h1'' 1p1'ed.'1 (i: . l e I '.t ed.1ku
to his im,thter anl told hor that the
lules lu.ti 1. ie \l r. I l;tcikacu (1. '.l'It y
iufortnlcd :t\r,. tekni I, who wL'ith ok
ing supper, :t-id w1, y :ii three ran to t.he
stable wher' Mr. ft w1s lying iten-i
blo anod IIt ditig profi:;cly froI hin
wounds. A\r. I1. v:so; remuuvovd It; I
htontsC iid a1 phy i iant1 i: 10or iin) o
1!isti'.
in the mnic.ttitl.', w! ile - .. 13. .
out looking anit' hr Ihtushln'', tie. y r
ties w ol) co1 ti it ItI h : da.'u'r ly mul
altroCiouls Oulltr ('ut'1r(ed th;o dweihini
tr1'4)Ilouh i1)' 4. th f toor 141 gitg' i' 1
the rtomll Vhl'ro 3\.r. 1. 1401)1i his oi'''
a(tt(1p1)ted, wvith1 t1h' eys the:y had1 tI:a
from uii ; 11u1 it 1, 1.o (p: i it. Flilin il
this meid bra( .hking the knlob oil the'
(loor itey tl, "w the keys On1I a b(1 ia
aLl]Oulion g ro Iol tlu h iiil \1hi('1 ther ist
to patss an deprted.
'the follo'ving '04'rninl;g nil in. 1) ' e'
(It tihe' 11)1'' 1(4in h1h 14 lot irO'.l ,l 'I
tr'tackS of tlre.' p 1OoL; w\ .'' funt1tit c 4.
intg fron the 1a' k p11rto thl4 t1 :"11
:round1 theu :;tab11. tO theL p'l.intl wh r ill " .
fk was:tt 5ai(ed. TI Ie1t II' I '(':I' i - '1'
ently 1):J.e 14y two ) p,' ')u); a'itlrnl
1tl1n's i,hoels and onet w'in'lllg 1l' 4
-the 1:ir; ':.t (Ti'Jt 'n1 ma1111(1'te )y h
her 7 4.r1 44 shes44 a:l .e ''.' h -4
icth O1'hu i :1, nar . - c :1I in
bet'4 t)I1 hl 1 '.-..4* 14
.\(414 ') 3(1 ' 1; . I1c 'II( ' "- ' .' (I. ~
w(ilnt'n :tnt ai (";t!)c'.l t1 : hove bec :e :
I'CEstld mi l :'1 II. i Ll ai 0e ; .,
andltl it is liLt y th it 4 rr : r. \ l. '
mitte. '1h' ne r : ()re' I; .
A"ndy1 ID eas , .1 .rin !rc 1)''n , .1 iil1 ' '1 ,
atilord I't)rn t, th( 'l' ii I oi 04) 1,
i'ar'e't, ali h'I1(it , a d I a'n1 ii:tl't I1y, ( ;.
1 r. I;l1cl_lan ln'. , . u 411)1( i: .
bctter ot1 th- -re is lttle doubt n
his reCovery, lib . l iro:hi.; '.1. Il
w.te15e thoug:ht t' be io: . 1lt r4 iV 1,
iv 'u \01' . I""',, (' i) 1o1v r 4 ' h : 1 mi, i, .
briiel '4nd4 tl.(](71 1n '' h,>i. iv, andtl b1:
t()r se:ventt .1:'.)o. It .at', I4' 'd tonl un
his rec7o'v;eriui: co1i t.l111'' 14?' \v>i 4'4
able to t11 the niaImes of is lSaiL: nt
1)m1 bo ha4s 1n4 reco lkelin u f' e
ever Cet: th11 .
M1r. I33h1ClIIon ol)e'ed'l ; af0 i<nh
Monday and found tn. it v: t-t
by the ,oh)'' ' 4 th ' i. o the ' . .
A al)g ('ontainig . 1 ill . :
iakenl, whu ' I 4n (;'t:(i:I,t' . ,l l4,
gold wa no1 ! u l:..i. 1t i ' .' n , .
to talh, bu :1: . . i~ L . i
the i 1 . h . Ii: : ' I l -
C\'t , to i ''11 \ llor it
Uilt th: gii l p r r., t!were b
r'Clth of the l 1 : .'lit f 1 1 I
yestcrdity.
('314 ( . t . tl'i. 1 . i4 i i, (:i( 4 :4
1 '. _ I ' ' ( ti t .1 1 , ; : . l( . ' :
ofr rililtir(e:. \\ I tll t i
his C. iael at' tt t:i.4 .d7 ine 'n b
IIOusti mi7d w...' in; I1, iict :: '. !
the step: 44 1itth- [ '3 , 4' . 4, 4
wor01kinlg peopl'e, pa4 h44 144 her v,'
the4. crow<4,t mo44 'I 1:0p 4 aI 4 3
Pre'4sidentl'. Th 34 4 444 ..4 a
little; 1introkr1 . 1 :ial wl.4 ((4
plead411ill4 4..N ilr4:.' a44'44'
sd ouit : "'I'3 ,- ,d4 4 4. h4( to
tliak1 4it 14i w 444 14444 444
dignaity o (44 h1e4 l':,hh-n ' .was ' ud4.
dlenly rep'lae d by.1444 4 a rall 4.4 int1'.! 4
graalieni441141- 4(. "CetainlyV, <btrhn,," h
<linckly r4.'44-44'141, and the 14n hand
was1( soo 411-(' ;ed in4( i s 44 wn44, '41 le 1) j '41
thle 4)th1er 114 l1l4(( hal ' wk th14 e4 , 4
blush.4!-tingedl4 4 h 4k. 114' 0 4y ya 14'44
l31 114U4 gi an1, 144 rell '. l lilt. hN 44 n4 .
St. I 'ul1 G(ob4.414
(4;314 4I' ' I 14 4' 44) *4 ( , I
cently:34 1)4 I h 444., of 4'44 14 4 4'
sevenl.i4 I li 4( ' ' .4
delint l t 1 (i4l 4 -
A in444lt-.' I''' 4 h r
Herrant marrie tl''' i -
Due de43t13 I I Tr'emol1
114.r 110:4. -, 14444nhou44 I( 3h (4444me 4
who41. il 4 :m4 '4 th4 44.44 'e o 4
to go inIto ) '44, w) th3 Cont4) d)4 3
but,) was14 14.r.s,a 14ed by thatt Prine4.
13mi.. inl -'rmwe;~t. I 'ais lI b;' lte
i.odon(i3 D aily~ Telegr44at'thl.4
114 o4 . w 44 4an44 t 44 in ',..4 1'
ours '.110,0i0'w r44 (l wh h1444 r)''
In a ris',144114 aln1 1. 134141h4r ',
bri '. Ip 4'('rl'in4 there44 4re ;.' ),4000 44 .
lies01 wh oc1upy onlyporionsof
W1,1. J'OWI)ERLY STEP DOWNg
A Thorough llorganization of the Knlghts
of Lab(or Said to be Coming.
(New Yo:k MUll antl Express.) -
According to reports that have been
received here by some of the more
L,ninent of the leaders of the Knights
>i labor, the long-continuod tight in that
.wg.nization will bo settled by the
'esiguations of Master Workman Pow
lerly, Secretary Litchman and the other -
nembers of the so-called "administra
ion ring" and a complete reorganization
)> the order. Thus a struggle of more
han tbeo years will be brought to a
-lose. Careful observers, however, hold y
hat the end will come too late to save
he organization and that it is doomed
o disintegration. Up to the last mo
nent the administration hoped that
ionic compromise might be arrived at
sirt District Assembly No. 1 of Phila
lelphia and through it with the other
listricts connected with the Chicago
l'rovisional Committee, which is now
ending the open revolt. But no com
noimise would be accepted by the
"kickers." The reaching of a definite
and on last Thursday night was pre
rrntcd by the sudden illness of Master
orkman Powdorly, but the other par
i:; interested met Ilnd had an opportu
uity to indulge in som~ very plain. teJk,
lie lllumest of which came from Messrs.
taury and Baily, the anti-Powderly
numbers of the Genoral Executive
Board, whom the ring tried, but failed,
to oust from ,0Ice at Minneapolis.
l'owderly is n<ty said to be willing to }
Lp down. lIe is not shamming sick- I
ne . Not only is he ill, bit he is dis
;u ted and discouraged as Wl. His
re'nt tour through the East an1lie in
rm:atioin that lmts come to him from
I cr sources have convinced him that
n' lilce great order of which he was
al i fist dropping to pieces. The
oning strength of the revolt shows
ti t ihat t here is nothing ahead but de
t for him or the disintegration of the
rgmsization. His sickness is oppor
nei-. lie will, according to the state
tnenIs now made, use physicalincapacity
an exense or ivilng up his position,
.sill go abroad for a time and leave the
"thers to figSht the thing out' as they
i hut (iceneral Secretary Litchman and
he others think they see a gleam of
a Te in the delay secured by Powderly's
lher,,. I itclhnau will next week send
mt his aiual assessuent notices to all
be loca assemblies. Upon the re
poJses will rest. the last hopes of the
nl)tinistration gr.mp. The Provisional
oumittee is not in any humor to allow
ie ring to renew its sU)l)hies. It is now
re"tresentcd in every State by district
t","mblies, and every sipgle local at
htehed to these is bcing warned not to
IOY a plnny over to the Philadelphia
crowd. in addition, ovexy possible in
1Ience is be hrought to U1ar, upon lo
cals that are not yet in open revolt to
iduce them to withhold the amounts of
t assessments levied tpou them. As
mitters stand at present it is pretty cer
tain that the amount of money paid into
the general treasury this year will be in
i''uiicant when compared with former
y:tis. Ihe results of this financial boy
is obvious.
1n'itvile the National Provisional
:nitiati;ee is continuing steadily on the
'rw ,ive. '.l'e rel)ls now number
etiireis of thousandu and are confident
ti viCtory.
'J.lie Knigh l.,e wat chtd the con
te't ion of the Amucrical Fe'ueration of
t'rades at Ilultirnre witt grat interest.
l'o . Ma il auid Ixpress reporter George
Mit iuriay, of the 'riniteis' Assembly,
oil he did not think that, properly
Ie'.:rea, tie iuights wonhl suller by
'asnof the pihenomoenal sulccess of the
ti ralion, ndling:
There is room for b'oh 'i'ganizations,
mid plenty of work for each. It should
ltt for it mlomenpt ha coinsideredl that
lai re is any ivalr y or (omapetition be
weeni the two orgaizat ions. Each is
ngag~ed in a great work.
is oio, tiia Note-i.
Th e cotton ccecd oil trad,u, Iby its in
' .1e- miiIluni1ry m'I th, p)ressing of
4toni *eed, saves-i in th tauggregnto from
cnito twenty thi'usanud I 'les of cotton,
vhjic ha hieretofore b een ho;t.
The-re were five :ctles of wool ini Lon
Ion lust year amounting to 1,180,000
Th'le Slan<trud (id ( >mpny has run
.oiring the intA year -, 1 ,0,000 btrrels of
ii thriough its lines i-i northern Ohio.
It is es,timatted I jit it will require
:ll;fI, (f)0 to sui ih i- varlious de
>arilinenu. of the New York city govern
ISen <hn-ing 1888Q.
Thue ittal v.diui o* I ;u- miniIrd~ pro
net. of the t'nitedl Statts is e.-timatted
d 7, 11fn. 9)00, itn incurease of :-1),0(00,..
IM Ma uignintst the I)iCyloit yeny,
ia v. iiat is comu.inu; in the miirket to
Lnke ii'rio troul, IIt is el-1.nned they
-a iin twenuty per cen t. muore to the
than tIhe ordawroy n.iu ad nt one
ui0,rfect nail is to la ontd ini a keg.
lLiy ire to he sold at current prices.
einrat stel is imiportoel to make them
ii:d a (Ch icago hirm ia-u the monopoly,
The ,3> 7,a. onviets in Sing Sing Prison
"-ant the N ow Yt ar at their regular
Nas, whlilei the peCople in the outside
rbd were inmkin~g merry. Only four
'I the eight tlegatl ho lays of tIhe year in
his Stte are observedu in the penal
oiny up the river, and Now Year's (lay
:inot one of thiemi. The prison opened
.1 K 2 in the muorn intg, and the conuvicts
Siaorehead to t he big mleSs room
vbm ti1I,200f of themco silenutly b reakfasted
'itther. Thieni, iiuider thei surveillance
I iir keepr, they were marched to
Sir Ceeral pilaces of work. Nota until
u'intal day of thc: ehlipulic will there
novI hange fr om th e presicribod plan,
Sv.holeuomne litre given themi, and no
muoni fromu work except on Sundays.
4. in elect ion day, Th'Ianksgiving D)ay
1Chritmnas, t hey will hatve an extra
io fare, and c-an make as much noieoc
they want to on tIhe niext holiday,
uirthi of dJuly. Now York World.
A~ I-utal L'.ebpH,,
iiI ther.i med-uicines by
rii 5(11 mg mhluen leica iscIloygdscr
mpuie bloodh, and0 co nsimumption, wlihih li
ci of uilo uScdiene or them ngs.