The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1871-1903, June 02, 1887, Image 1
r 1 hr _____- _
VOL. XVI, PICKENS, S. C., THURSDAY, JUNE 2,187NO3.
SOUTIIERN EDUCATION.
TIlE PROGRESS OF OUR PEO'LE IN
TillS ALL-IMPORTANT MATT SR.
A Careful Review of the Condition of
Schools as Learned by Interviewi With
Lending People in this Section.
From the Baltimoro Sun.)
The Rev. William F. Slocum, of the
First Congregational Church, returned
on Saturday night from an extended trip
of several weeks' duration into the
Southern States, whore ho was engaged
in investigating the conditions of oduca
tion, particularly colored schools.
Among the places visited wore Charles
ton, Savannah, Jacksonville, Fla., New
Orleans, Jaokson, Miss., and Talladega,
Ala. Besides visiting the public schools
from lowest to highest grade, and the
various colleges, an interviow was had
with the Governor of Mississippi, various
city authorities, State education com
missioners and others. Mr. Slocum
said: "I found everywhere a strong feel
ing that the colored peoplo must he ed
ucated. The New South has no doubts
on this question. In most cases pr.1 imary
education of colored people is conducted
by the State, Georgia and Missistippi
particularly granting large sums; but
higher instruction in the ordinary Eng
lish branches is usually afforded by the
church schools supported by ,Vhilan
thropic contributions. The vork' of
these schools is of greatest importince
for training colored teachers of high
character. It is a striking fact that re
ligion, as taught by the ordinary colored
preacher in the South, is not olevating
the moral tone of the colored race. Of
course there are striking oxception., but
the improved moral tone of the race
comes through the training in these
- higher church schools and college:i. I
found a prevailing sentiment every where
that industrial education must be push
ed. This amounts to a decided move
mont and some of the colleges do first
rate work. Another striking fact that
shows improved moral conditions is that
the color line is growing more distinct;
that is, there are more black children
and, fewer mulattoes, which indicates a
healthier separation of whites and blacks.
No one who has not stood face to face
with the tremendous problem in the
South can rightly appreciato its nuiy
difficulties, and yet tliere are element. of
* hope, strong hope, and the outlook is
not wholly discouraging.
"In Charleston the Morris street.
school is the best for colored children,
and contains about 1,300 pupils. Its
principal, Mr. A. Doty, an elegant
Southern gentleman, was on officer in
the South Carolina army. It is a sig
nificant fact that it was he who loaded
the first gun that fired 111)011 the :hip
advancing to the aid of Fort Sumter in
1861- The school is prevadod with the
spirit of military discipline, and the
utmost neatness of dre:s is required.
There are 24 teachers, but only primLlary
branches are taught.
"In Savannah colored teachers are
employed in the colored schools, e; is
usually the caso throughout the South
except in Charleston. Here, as evcry
where else, the sentiment that the colored
peoplo must be educated prevails.
"In Florida not so much has been
done as elsewhere. The colored popula
tion is not so great there as in some of
bap e other States. It is significant that
o e new college for whites, the Winter
Park College, at Winter Park, Fla.,
though only two years old, has taken a
very high stand among Southern educa
tional institutions.
"In New Orleans the educational
movement for both races is strong, and
it is spreading into the counties of the
State in an excellent system of county
free schools. The Straight University,
in New Orleans, is the best institution
for the training of colored students in
the more advanced branches. It has 500
' in attendance, and supplies numerous
teachers to the country schools through
out the South. Eighty per cent, of the
graduates become teachers. The univer
sity has white teachers, and includes a
law and a theological department. Its
funds come largely from the American
Missionary Association, and it is doing
work of great value. S'omo of the ne
groes about New Orleans are becoming
quito wealthy as p)lantationi owners, and
one owns a large interest in one of the
railroads that runs into the city.
"Mississippi appropriates $1,000,000
annually for educational purposes, and
the amount is divided per capita among
the white and the black schools. The
Governor of the State is a man of ad
mirable shrewdness, who believes thor
oughly that the safety of the country
depends upon the education of the col~
ored people. 'We feel very kindly to
* ward the colored peoplle,' said the Goev
ernor, and added rathier significantly, 'I
believe that the capacities tof t.he' colon d(4
race have been ulnderrated.' The bet,
school for the education of colored s tu
dents in Mississippi is at T'ougaloo, near
Jackson. .[t is upon a lage planMlaioni
of 500 acres, has 200 stutents, anud is
.upon the industrial lani. It has the'
active support of the State, from which
it receives $3,000 a year. All of t he
* boys work on the iarmi for one~ hour each
day, which has twvo valualel results:
First, it teaches them how to care for
stock, &c., and second, howv to improvt
wornout lands, a necessary process ii
the agricultural development of th<
South. Blaeksmithing, carpenItry ant
tinning are taught. A stud(ent, if ht
chooses, may become a regular appren
tie. A most interesting experiment ii
$ being tried by the president of the eel.
lege at Tougaloo. He purchased a trael
of 2,000 acres of land, which he divideci
into tracts of 20 and 30 acres, and is sell
ing to colored families. It is found tha
the landholder im mediat.oly becomes conl
servativo and more strenuous for'highe
education. This school is doing a mos
important work, and every cent recivot
from contributions is well expended.
"Another school of similar oxcellenc<
$ is that at Talladega, in Alabama. It i
upon the industrial p)lanl, is sup)portt
by the American Missionary Association
and receives help from the Blhato
fund, so wisely admin'stored by D)r
H2aygood, forraorly of Oxford, Gha. Sew
ing and cooking are among the branche
taught to girls.
"An excellent feature is that a smal
WOMEN AT TIILE 'OLLS.
[ow th4. Fair Ones of VasiIngton Terrl
tory Cast Their Iallota.
WALLA-WALLA; May 24.-Although a
mnderfoot and acquainted with few in
ur vicinity, I was appointed a judge of
ection in Mica precinct. A struggle
as in prrgress betwixt rival towns for
to county seat, and runners had boon
rough the precincts urging overybody
bring out the votes of the ladies. In
is chivalrous region our women have
ual prerogatives with men, although
iey view the ballot with an indifforenco
fonizing to all advocates of suffrage.
I went early to the polis, a small, log
hool house in the hills, shadowed by
fty pines. A rough wagon road ran
r the school house, wherein deer tracks
are quito as common as hoof-prints of
)rses.
The ladies were not early at the polls.
A little before noon came a fr mily
trty, a man wife and three children.
>ou after, from every direction, as if
preconcerted arrangement, wagons
ovo up containing similar households.
ot only were all the little ones brought
ong, but enormous jugs of milk and
skets of lunch. The bachelors scat
red timidly and the ladies swarmed in
io us, moved the benches around the
:e, blockaded the doorway, and took
itire possession of the premises. They
ore farmers' wives, buxom, sensible
td energetic. A more domestic scene
1e seldom sees. Hero a mother nursing
r baby, there a fond father troling his
fant daughter, yonder a knot of women
:changing recipes for mixed pickles,
ad again an eager group setting out
nch and passing pie and sliced pork
their friends.
I could not at first understand this in
sion, until I learned that the school
ise was the one public resort for
cial purposes. Dances, parties, sing
g schools, preaching and political
ectings all were held hero. A gather
g at the school house was the signal
r a general assemblage of friends, and
e women had evidently given more
ought to this fact than to the original
otive of the occasion.
Still they came. By noon the build
g was fairly packed, and the picnic
>poaranco increased with every arrival.
"If you iron ginghams and calicoes on
.o wrong side they look"
"His very best cow. The snow was
:ep, and all the poor thing got to eat
as moss"
"They say her vituals taste of pine
im half the time. Drops from the
tch rafters"
"I pulled the poor child's tooth my
1f, so"
"Who shall you vote for, Sue?"
"Me? I don't know. Jack ain't here
:t."
"Mamma, give me somo pie, too."
"Oh, Eliza, at the polls after all?"
"Yes. Didn't want to come a bit. Bill
Republican and I told him I'd vote
emocratic sure if ho made me como.
ut he said no matter, so long as we both
)to for Spokane Falls."
"Pooh! I guess we're every bit as sharp
the men folks."
''Don't vote for Spicer. They say lie
eats his wife perfect.ly awful."
"I tell you, times has changed!" com
ented a man in blouse and overalls
aning against a pine. ''When I was a
y, to home in Imdianny, I recollect
arin' maw and paw talk this votin'
isiness over. 'I tell ye,' says the old
an to her, 'I wouldn't have ye go to
to polls nohow. You'd have to walk
to the box through a crowd of loaf
's, all smokin' pipes and starin' at ye,
id ."ou'd si]lk through the floor.' He
to be here now."
But at last, after lunch was eaten and
it away, and the babies had had their
La5 and the ladies had exhausted all the
>ssip, a general movement was made
wvard departure. It was a long way
>me, and the cows to milk, and water
draw, and supper to get, andl tho
-eakfast dishes to wash at the heels of
1.
After such a festival one might sup
>so the ladies would vote cheerily, but
is was not the ease. It had been post.
mned as long as possible and now that
must actually be done they went at it
>itefully.
Here was a husband handing rival
ekets to his wife and saying for
o public ear, "You can vote whichever
m like," at the same time gripping his
vn hallot with a resolute air and a jaw
such outline as made one hope his
ouse wvould vote as he (lid, in the in
rests of domestic peace. Tihere a dame
us imperatively thrusting cii her hus
mnd the prohibition ticket.
These prohibition ladies were earnest
id intelligent. They advanced firmly
the 1)0lls and gave in their ballots
ith an air of satisfaction. Beyond these
iw who had a definite personal purpose
uo voting was perfunctory and (done
ith manifest dislike. Tihe ladies each
anded their ballot to the inspector hesi
Ltingly, watched curiously as ho put it
the box and turned away with a toss
fthe head.
"'There! It's thme first time I ever
r>tedi, and it'll be the last.!"
"'I hope Spokanio Falls gets the cot'm
i' seat so we can stay home niext timle."'
''Young meni must he growing weak
uinded when you drag an1 old lady like
to out to vote. I'm 70 years old. Ol
nough to know bettor!"
And with contemptuous air the (lames
3tired to tile wagons. Alas! TXhe per
ersity of nature! 'While many of their
titers in the east sigh for suffrage those
ho have it hold it in disdain.
Now came young Tyndall and his wife
ni horseback, and there was quite a stir
mong the ladies who still in the wagons
nd1 the '"baches" around the trees.
'yndall had purchased the eldest anmd
urgest ranch in the pireinct anid had
roughit a bride from Sav. Francisco
iveral months before. Few had seen
or,.for she w;as very retired and aristo
ratic.
Aiyoung woman, with peachy girlish
ace,-a wealth ->f b)"u'de hair and round,
right blue eyes, attired in an elegant
iding habit of (lark green velvet, with a
ang plume on her dainty cal).
"a.io looks very young!" said the in
peto:' as the couple drew near. "D)o
'0ou thliLk she's 01(1 enough to vote?"
"No, J don,0t," i-opliedl one of the
udges.
."hi she ought not to be allowed."
"You 11 have to ask her age," said
notl. or of the judges.
The burly inspector looked concerned
.nd nervous. MIore nervous yet as the
rido came in, glanced about and1 blu.hmi
to find herself the only woman present.
Tyndall, whose dress and bearing
showed early culture, nodded to the
ofilials, took his wife's arm and escorted
her forward. He picked out his tickets
from the table, folded one and handed to
her, folded the other and held it between
his fingers. Mrs. Tyndall presented
herself before the ballot box avd raised
her ticket, uncertain what came next.
Her innocent blue eyes rested on the in
spector with a pretty look of wonder and
inqu~iry.
The inspector diropped her ballot into
the box. No doubt a barb rankles in
his conscience to this day.
Mrs. ''yndall stood looking on an in
stant, without moving.
"Is that all?" she cried at last, aston
ished.
"That's all. You've voted, Stella,"
said her husband, offering his vote in
turn, and the bride laughed merrily. She
took' her husband's arm and peeped all
about her with great amusement, and
went off in high spirits. It had been a
very funny episode for her.
WooDnur' CLAiK(.
CUI(ICENT FARM TO'ICS.
Iioeing Corn.
(nt. J. nte'tliag in :outhe rn Cultivator.)
Corn, properly planted on well pre
pared land, should rarely need the
hoe in the early stages if the
plowing be skillfully done. While our
personal experience does not approve the
general practice of planting in the water
furrow (as advocated by Dr. Jones), we
have found it very helpful in the way of
subsequent cultivation to plant in very
wide deep furrows and covering very
shallow, so that the plants will be below
the general surface. The first plowing
should be done with an implement that
throws but little dirt 'to the corn, yet
enough to cover well the stop between
the hills or plants. '1'he thinning (if
needed) should be done ahead of the
plowing, and the latter should be done
only by conscientiously (?) careful labor
ers. Teli plowman should be required
to stop and uncover planie, or cover or
pull out weeis or grass with foot or
hand as he goes.. lie should be im
pressed with the idca that the work of
cleaning the young plants must bo done
by the work of his plow, or his hands
and feet-no hoe to follow. It is not a
bad idea to furnish each plowman with a
small short-handled, one-hand hoe, to be
carried with his plow and used as occa
sion may require. It will be found that
he will be much more careful to do good
work with his pl .w if he is given to tun
derstand that careless work will not be
endured and left for the hoes to remedy.
Of course it will often occur that the
land is sufliciently smooth to admit of
thorough work by the plow, excepi
around trees and stumps; but it will noi
pay to go over a field, row by row, in
order to clean around such obstacles
Better make a job of it, early in the cul
tivation, o oing from one to another with
out regard to the intervening rows.
It sometimes pays well to go over thc
corn crop with the hoes about laying-by
time, each hand taking two or more row
at a time, and destroy scattering buinches
of grass and cleaning aroin( stumps and
trees. This will depend upon whether
the hands can be spared from the mort
exacting cotton crop.
"'Choii.ing'' Cot tn.
(Ity the t'ame Writer.)
The characteristic work on a cotton
farm during the month of May is cot
ton-chopping. Among the many ma
chines that have been invented to (10
this work none has yet been very favor
ably received or generally adopted by
farmers. The operation is one-like
cotton-picking-that seems to demand
an ever-changing motion a: 1 the exer
cisc of an ever-acting judlgmett whieb
cannot be mnaterializedl into a machine.
Such a machine, however, is probably
within the p)ossibilities of human inven
tion. The cotton harvester is an undis
puited necessity; but it is not so car
that a machine for chopping, or merely
"blocking out" cotton-reducing the
continuous row of plants to bunchaes-it
exactly what is needed1. Whly sow th<
seed so as to secure a continuous row of
plants, and then at the first operatior2
proceed to destroy the continuity? Or
poor, unfertilized land, which requiret
that the p)lants shoul stand ver-y clost
in order to make a maximum crop, snel
a.conatinuous row is perhaaps hecessary
but it seems an uinnecessairy wast() cj
seed and labor on land which will bema
the stalks 18 inches to two or three feel
apart. Why not plant the seed ona suclk
land in hills or steps-already choppedi
The writer planted his entire crop twc
successive years in hills 3x2i feet wuitt
the most satisfactory results. But it ia
too late now to discuss the policy of hiF
or step)-planting. The crop is nearly al
planted and much of it will soon b(
ready I01 the first op)eration.
If the soil has beeun imapacted froma tht
effect of onie or more rains after plant.
inag, it is of the first imuportance to break
the crust aindI let in thet light and iar,
The condition of the hlad in this respiect
andl the necessities of the corn c.rop, wil:
dletermrine whether it will be better- tc
chop biefore or after lowinag. Whlea
the grouand is in good, mellow condition,
and comnpariatively Ifree from ga-ass, we
hauve (often fouind it bLtter to put thu
hoes to workI iin advianco oif plowing and
as soon as the seed-leaf of the plant hi
fully developed. If this plan is aidop)tet
the work of chioppinag out should ant
imay b. eeory rapidly (lone, thae aim he
ing to get over the crop) ina a week or k-r
days or less. It does not pay to con
sumne thec time that wouald bie required t<
thin out to a given number of lanatts, o;
to leave each b)uncha in a pierfect condi
lion. If thae crop htas buen well am(
smoothly planted antd thae groundi( is miel
low and lfree froma obstruactionas, such al
clods antd stones, a hand shaulid go ini
kinad of half walk, rarrely giving morn
thtan a stroko for- each huncha of plant
left. We haave seen etxpetrt haoe-hande g<
over in thais waiy two acres per hand pe
dhay, tad even more. Renmember, tha
this planhoeing, or ''blocking out'
ahead of the palows, requires and assumae
that thle cotton should he ploweCd withia
ai few days. Generally the cotton crol
needs to be ''gone over" with plows o
hoes as rapidily as it was p)lanated1.
sometimes occurs that thae whole croj
comes up together, however planted. A
such a juncture it is more imaportanat t4
get over quickly than to dho the werl
( hoe-work) perfectly. Thae aim shioub
ameto make every stroke of the hooe do it.
utmost, rarely striking "twice in thaa
samae placn." thins getting ever the nrml
tuition feo everywhere is paid. In day
schools it is never less than $1 per
month, and in boarding schools $12 per r
mouth. It has been found disastrous to
give an edueation to any one free of
charge, for it is not appreciated. Many t
of the colored people make great sacri- o
flees to keep their children at school. 0
The spirit of devotion among the teach- w
ors in tho college, who are usually per- ti
sons of therough training at the North, ti
and who usually receive very meagre t
salaries, is one of the hopeful signs of ti
our times. Indeed, the whole problem, e(
though sad, is not without hope. Dr. ti
Oliver Wondell hIolmues has said: 'Any ai
patient can be cured if only the doctor
is called in time, but the trouble is in s(
many cases that the doctor should have lc
been called two or three hundred years b;
before the patient was born.' There is w
a strong sentiment in the South that the h<
colored people must go onto the soil.
There is something in this. They seem
not unfitted for it, and may become a
kind of strong conservative yeomanry in
the South. But their occupations need b;
not be limited to this sphere, and many d
other occupations. Colored lawyers N
practice in the country districts, and al
in certain cases colored physicians have b
been called in consultation with white to
physicians. The fact must bo kept in u:
mind that this is a question of elevating fi
a race, and not merely of raising a few of
individuals in this generation. The w
church schools are having a strong and ai
elevating moral influence. The spirit 03
of genuine religious devotion is often h
profound. Each college needs to be iI
specially endowed so as to carry out an 03
independent policy adapted to the com- ai
munity in which it is placed. These hi
schools are necessary because they make tc
the elements of moral and religious
character, and this character can be vi
brought into the race only by the special h<
training of individuals who shall become sc
intelligent and upright leaders. The il
same may be said of the pupils in these in
schools as Dr. Thomas Arnold said of inl
the boys of England, 'We must seek to fc
raise up great leaders.' " tl
__ tl
in
A IB iNU INVENTOR.
Constructing a Ma;azine (In and Other
Things Without the Aid of Sight. al
(hnglish Letter from Vlenna.)
I have had the opportunity of meeting
the inventor of a now rifle, Herr Franz d
Fortelka, a former lieutenant in the
Austrian army, who, during the first
campaign in Bosina, received a shot in
his right eye, which destroyed the optic i
nerve, and, indirectly, so aflected the left
oye that the poor oflicer, now only 28
years old, tias been for the last nine
years totally blind. But without the use
of his eyesight this ingenious man has
invented during these years not only a
new magazine gun, but also two ma
chines for the anti-oxidation of iron,
steel and other metals at a cost which i
must be called ridiculously small; furth- I
or, an apparatus for automatical iap- 13
ping, a new micrometer, a new sort of
gunpowder, not to speak of smaller in
ventions which found their way into the
les.ser indmustrial establish ucnts of Vienna
and savel the inventor from starvation, ti
as his great discoveries, far from bring
ig h m money as yet, necessitate an m
outlay which he can allord only by cx- .
treme personal privations. "My rifle," b
complained the unfortunate inventor, h
''would have long been in the hands of l)
the British government had the advanced
money which I had obtained from a t
private person in London been more ,
than ?20, which did not suflice for the u
wages of one workman, who assists me, ai
and the necessary material.
"Noiw at last it is finished, and though
I may fall into the fault of all inventors,
I consider it the best rifle existing, being
without the disadvantages of other ma
chine rifles, and with many advantages
over t hem. I can prove by my Austrian
and German patents of somo0 live years t
ago that the straight pull system which b)3
distinguishes every modern r fle, and in al
itself, without the machine, secures the
doublo effect, has been my invention.
Upon this and upon other appropria- t(
tions in the line by different successful
inventors I do not lay any stress. There
is my new rifle, which, in short, has the
following advantages: It can be used as
a single loader even with an 'ittached ti
magazine; cartridges are not thrown intot
the magazine in a loose form, but lie onle
above the other, without the possibility y
of placing them wrongly; 'the magazine .
can be attached or not at will; all parts -
aro solid1, no spiral spiniig exists in the "I
rifle; tile price of my weapon with roy-t
alty and everything else will be unmder l
?2. Every old system, with the excel)- b
tion of Werdl's, can be0 used for trans..
formation into my rifle at a cost of 8 or a:
10 shillings-less in the ease of Gras, t<
Mauser, Blerdan or Belaumont, and "
something more in the case of Henry f
Martini." t]
"And how can you make any inven- n
tion, especially such a complicated one h
as a rifle, without, unfortunately, being t
able to see the separate parts, and how i]
are your devices carried out by the work- 0
"I1 see with my fingers. And not inv
0o10 single (caso have they deceived me.
It's rea L!y cuirious that whlen great and
iiunuito mw eaueents are in quesltionl,
thlose( whol 5Ie( with their eye aro wrong, I
and I, with the use of my fingere, am 1
iight. Thle m'od1els for may machines
algainsht oxidation of metals were entirelyv
made 1) myself from carved wood, witih
the 1s Ip of a string, wire aud bread
erumbsM. I am now devising a very com
plicated electric apparatus."
- -----
.1 idhn Shaani's Secoul Chaoio.
it no0w seems more than probable thmat a
Se3nato'r Ilawley had a double purposo5 'j
ill atten4dinlg thel IA'Ll Le~gion reunion la
and( banqeuet. le was, of course, de- 1
lighted to mueelt with his old1 comrades, s
and, besides that, it was a good chance r
to give the people a chance to boom e
IIalvley for Presisceut, Vice-Prcsident*
or something of that kii1.t'dfJTuriiday, f
after the banquet, lhe wvas'ecrted t/tTie 1
Lincoln Club, where he met severO 9t r
I the most prominent Replublicanls in ile 1
city, all, by the way, friends of f3Enator
Sherman. A gentleman in the party s
said to the Enquiirer: "Thie ticket to win
I is Sherman an<i I [awley, and, mind what
I tell you, that's what it's going to be.j
rif by any mischance Sherman cannot
make it, then lie will want Hlawley for
- first place and some live Western man, a
like Major McKinley, of Cainton, or Ro
bertson, of Indiana, for Vice-President."
1 .---Oncinnati Euir..
rapidly and quickly-on the same prin
ciple that would govern a rescuing party
in relieving the hunger and thirst of a
famishing ship's crew or a starving gar- s:
rison. The plows should follow this
hoeing as quickly as possible and go as
rapidly. the second hoeing should T
commence in a few days after the inter
vening plowing, and should be dono
with more care, the plants now being
put to a final stand, which can be done
with comparative safety. If this hoeing 0
and the consequent plowings be skill
fully done there will be little, if any, ir
more neel of the hove. ore (IOIt p(ls t
on the ago and physical stirength of him
who holds the plow than is gene(rilly
sup)pesed. As a rule boys and girls are arr
not strong enough or careful enough to of
guide the plow properly in cultivating rc
cotton in the earlier stages; it should
only be intrusted to older and itronger li1
and steadier hands. v)
'rEi FI.'IT IN 't;IGITV.uT.
llow the Chances for i)emocratic \Vie ory c
look to Ono Ohsorvor.
The Now York World thinks that the h
talk of Democrats from the South and
the West who have recently visited
Washington does not bear out ex-Seere- a
tary Manning's theory that those inpor
taut section would force Mr. Cleve- S
land's renomination upon the Now York fc
Democracy whether the latter should al
like it or not. Many of Mr. Cleveland's vj
strongest friends from those sections are ei
said to have stated frankly that his ro- v<
nomination would depend upon his abil- a
ity to got the support of his own State a
delegation. They are said to have ox- m
pressed their satisfaction, in advance,with hi
that candidate who should prove to be
the choice of New York. They say that t
the battle-ground is to he 1row York, la
just as it was in 1881, and that it would tc
bo extremely foolish to nominate any a1
candidate who should not have the back
ing of the majority of the New York cr
Democracy. p,
Mr. Cleveland is believed to have been
making a high bid for Massachusetts and st
severa, of the New England States, but of
it is not thought that ho expects to ho n.
renomin.ited or re-elected without the rn
vote of his own State.
"Mr. Cleveland," said a New Yorker o
the other day, "may get the Now York h
delegates in the National Convention, t<
but unless he has a majority (two-thirds) e)
of them at his back his boom will fall. )
The whole foundation of the Cloveland a
boom in the South and West is due to .r
the claim made by the President's friends
in the East of his great popularity inr his e
own State; that lie is the only man who
can carry New York, &o. 'l'he moment t
Mr. Cleveland fails to demonstrate his I
popularity at home, his Western ad
mirers will drop him immediately. New i
York will decide the candidate for the
Democracy and the election."
There are said to be several weak t
points in Cleveland's hold upon the 1
Western and the Southern 1)enocracy. l
Ohio men declare that it is by no means
certain that the delegation from that e
State will throw up their hats for Clevu
land. Men of the rTurman type and
members of the old-time )cmocracy say t
that they have been overlooked by the i
President until they are in no mood to r
become his enthusiastic followers. IL a
Michigan there are four )einocratr, ex- r
Congressmen, who charge their retire- 1
ment to the Adninistration-Maylry i
of Detroit, Carleton of Port -lhuron, .
Comstock of Grand Rapids, and Eldridge q
of Adrian. It is said that there will be tc
trouble in delivering the delegation over iu
to Mr. Cleveland. iL
Indiana is said to be in open revolt. sc
Voorhees and McDonald are known to .
1)e unfriendly to Mr. Cleveland's renomi- t
nation, and the old friends of the late I1
Vice-President lHendricks are declared L
to b~e in sympjathly with themi. Senator
Voc rhees's son, a delegate to Congresi si
froni Wyomaing 'Territory, recently made t,
a violent attack upon Mlr. Cleveland, it
which was pubillishied, it is said, wvith the al
Senator's knowledge and with his entire y,
applroval. In Virginia and L ouisiana, it et
is said, many leading D~emnocrats are
openly opposed to Mr. Cleveland. The,~ o
endorsement of the Administration b,y tI
the State D)emocratic Conventio)n of ti
Kentucky is not considered to have been tl
especially.strong either in its language y
or its spirit. e
"'It is highly improbable," said a West
ern official recently, ''that the D)emocracy e:
of the country will attempt to forco any g
canidi(ate down the throats of the Ne*w
York D emocrats against their will. .1
oe not believe Mr. Cleveland woul ac- to
cept a renomination comning in that way, u
as it would mecan almost certain defeat." u
It is probable that insteadi of spending o'
the month of June at Red Top, the J
President and Mrs. Cleveland, wvill go to aI
Fauquier WVhito Sulphur Springs, Va. I.
Colonel Maddux, the leading hotel moan ti
at this pla1ce, has extendoed an invitation 1P
to them and has prepared a cottage ex- a
p)ressly for them. lie is no0w inI Washi. ~
ington, and arrangemuents have heena
miade for the Presidenit and MJrs. Cleve- t
land to go to the springs ahouat the first c(
week in d uno for a day, as a sort of trial Il
tripl. If everything is satisfactory the( Y'
invitation will 1)0 acceptedl. Colonel g
Maddux was in Baltimore a few days W
ago getting up a party oif Baltimoranms tI
to accompany the President and his wife ic
and to make other necessary arrange- "
ments. Among those who will accom- ci
pany them are General Sheridan cowl st
Colonel Kellogg, of his staif; Senator A. of
P. Gorman and a number of IBalti- si
moreans and General Fitzhuigh Lee.
TIhey will leave hero ini the privato car of y
the plresident of the Virginia M idlanid ii:
railroadl. Colonel Maddux has beeni in wv
W~ashinigtoni several dalys and hats reom
mnedl the water to the Priesiidlent as f
being the finest in the world for over- i
worked brains, which will, no doubt, pi
induce him to give it a trial. It is opined1, o:
too, that the little trip) may niot lbe with
out certain plolitical sigificanee. T1he
fact that Governor Lee is to be ini the a
party is regardcd hero as another evi- hi
don01co that Virginians are determined, if h
p 1ossible, to tack him on to theo tail of bm
- the next P'resideontial kite with Clove- k
Iland.--Baltimore American.
1<
Young or mIidldle- aged menCi suiffering ~
from Ivrvous' debhillity, loss of memory,
preiiIimatue (old age as the mresuilt of haid f
nabltIits, shiould sendt 10 cents ini stamps 'Ioi I
illuistrald boo0k offerr.'s sure mfeans of cure. I.
Addre&s World's l)lspnaary Medical Asso. a
clation, Buffalo, N. Y
PlROG IESS IN TIlE SUTI.
h;Ct1;'ALV LAMAlt iAKS ALL Till
1iEl'OttT Altl NOT TiRUE.
ItE A pimrent 'roypority to bo Fotn,
On,ly In the ('Ulti--1'1ito Secretary is In
liluIn to Tlhi "1 Tiuit lueh of It. In Secc
IutIie.
tervie tr In the Hlarttlttid, Conn., 'rinics
I found Secretary Lamar at his plac
the department the other day, hi
Ile well covered with papers, transact
g the routine business as methodicall;
though he hai been an executiv<
licer all his life, but it seemed to be t
lief to him to turn from them for I
tie while, walk withi mc into his pri
to room and talk on other subjects
ur conversation was about journalism
1 wonderful growth, ith change o
laracter and its future, and upon othe:
pics, but I shall not now repeat wha
> had to say, except on one subject
.o industrial condition of the South
td that I do with his consent.
''The apparont prosperity of th<
)uth," said Secretary Lamar, ''is to bs
und in the cities, and not all of then
are it. Atlanta, Chattanooga, Nash
l11, Knoxville, Birmingham and othei
ties that are the centres of mineral d
lopment already made or anticipate
o growing rapitly in population an
>parently in wealth. Towns, also, that
o situated upon the now railroads tha
ve been built during the past fen
ars are larger and more thriving tit
ey were, but their growth hits beu
rgely at the expense of less fortunatt
wns that have either stood still or hav<
tually deteriorated. 'This circum
riec, I think, is likely to give am
roneous impressiou to the strange
ssing through the South on the rail
tyU. lie sees the towns a1t the variou
utions tt,parelt.ly thriving, the c('ntre
new comlmercial enterprises, and h
tturally concludes that the South i
aking very rapid progress; but I
esn't know ttnai the man who ha
ened a now store ^t one of these place
1s probably removed there from son
w i lstant from the railroad where h1
used up his foluler business, or th
am who is 1iltting a new house is po;
bly i ftrtner who lanlS betsiO discoml
;d in the vaui etl'ort to ltake a livin
i5ating cotton, 1111(1 hats soul out au]
1111 to t',wnI hop1in t o dl be1sttecr, (,1
d .upsz, to havet b)tt. ," t';pa.rtunlitiesit.
u: ecalllCtiOl of his chihiren.
"1 im Incine' to 1think, ails , ihat ti1
reiIn 1pr operil y of the cities whic
re the centres of industry in the mine
I region or wbose gr' wti has bet
timulat'd by} th(lir poxii1)nt,y to or i)
Lrest in it, is, to i grit exteit, spec
itive- based io som1110 m1easure, it 1Cis
poii itnticiptted dcvCl,lmtls rtth(
!lan 111)011 those already 1nideC. t
ourse, 1. know that at good detl of cap
ti has beutn invested t.hcru a .d iJ1:
Inch of it it s gout f1Oim thie North :tn,
att mny NortlerIn peop:ln arO settlii.
lert, aut I don't wish to it inderkstoo
d ouibtinig the future pr1"J:,perity of thl
gion. I only my thi the returns h v
;t yet baeei reilized. J. ought to say tu
lwv0 ve1y little ,ersotuJ kin wi ih-ige o
l'airs inl those sections of the >iouthl o
hlich 1. huvo I cnn spea(vking. Th<l
00111' has colc since I lutve ben ther
remain long at it time, aond my opin
is are formed fromt what I have reat
the n1ewspapers and(1 h e rd from per
118 who h tve been1 there. I. tii nk yoi
ill Ii nd(1, too, that iuslh cities as ( trles
n, SavannahI, i\iob)le andl Ne W Och:ul:
[ ot stowiig tvidtencOs of tro.iperity
It u1s see,"' 1.an( he, tak ing down a co111
ese cities incereasetd ini lpoputioil he
'eent 1870i and1 18hSt. Chach-tstoin gatinte
ptopultiont inl that ti cad( e I,(l', c:
minahti gained 1,474, 0or abiout ni pe
mi. ; McI bile actually lo st 2,0)02 in pop
.ationi, and11 New Orleans galinedi 21 ,t7:
about 13i per cenIt. If you remnembie
at thei atverago incereaise of populatioi
Iro)ughou)lt the whiolo 'ounIt ry dulrinj
10 sam10 o e years averaiged 3t 1per cent.
.>u will see1 tIlait tliere is ntothinig en
mlrauginlg iln these Ii gures."
"HI ow do you1 accounlt for the app1a11
It stagnalItioIn ini whalt were ftormterly th~
cent commlterch iacenItres of tihe South?
aiked.
"iBy thle depression o (f thle plantintg inl
rest, of which I hav a112lreadty potkeni,
ats the repIly. "ThAley iare dependenhtI
pIOn tile agricultulre of the counltry fo
toir trado1."
''11aven't thet crops bieen gootd?"
'"Yes, that of last year was the larges
oer matde with cite or two etxceptions5
utt the cropl to-dlay is not p)rop)ortionlal2
reat as: it was behro t!ht war. ]
11n to e remeialIben-d tied the ptopuhtr
Iin of thnc ut ~3Ii -al itsed nearltly lifti
3r itnt, betweenl lo>l andi 1-0. A:
;i.iutltyr i'ls bnIt. our ontlytn mdstrys
0l as clnt is et our 1rinclpdoth i c
raie tnlt ie ourti e WIuil, (lOplI
te h1(11 we dii i hlre frtheir. tad
'' : niV iiiat the(1 l i i mto sev
strl,'I our popi ''1tinierutad duigi
aiten(elty y ars tistbu dewiei sIf
ioiur(1 abiit?t eladcoh t'o
'uYin' looeCtly for UI in-speit under lsue
111 iOresacer,Iad yo illot think i
rang ht th ciii1tie' s wich ae rdopend
''' itlt upon C 1y agrcutr tfritheir td
O tol lagih."etelgiitcttittih
"0 hat nt s nH." i evr
Wars," yesar,;"are ither outa d ig
'tOf coury of thaCl iowdepreion itolt
b(it yIo speak?"fiiiio lcilren
"Yatt e epreay of e cton111 goen gaw
> kap rule," heei agn rla
".on't knuow i8probably t wisl
out of our lands. You know that all
agricultural lands produce less an1d less
except they are constantly renewed by
fortilizers, and our people are too poor
to buy those. The increased aggregate
crop is due to increased acreage, but we
have not been able to increase the former
in the same proportion that we have in
creased the latter and the amount of
labor expended. We work over more
ground and more hands are emeployed,
but it costs more to make a bale of cot
ton now than it formerly did.
'"Another reason, I thiuk, why we do
not raise as much cotton to an acre as
we formerly did is that we don't get
what we call as good a 'stand' as we
used to. The importance qf this is not
likely to be appreciated by one who has
never lived where cotton is raised. If
there are many long, vacant spaces in
the rows of cotton plants, they may
grow very thrifty, and the field, as one
looks over it, may appear to bear a great
crop, and yet, when the cotton comes to
be pick it will turn out light. Now, in
order to secure a good 'staud,' that is, to
havo the ground all occupied, the closest
care and attention are necessary at a cer
tain critical period. In former times
- when the planter had complete control
of the labor, he could enforce this care
and attention as he cannot do now. The
cotton lands of the South are now mostly
rented to the negroes, and it the owner
retains an interest in the crop he has no
voice in the manner in which it shall be
worked. If he should interfere the ne
groes would resent it. There is a great
deal of careless farming in the South."
The Cotton Movement.
The Now York Financial Chronicle, in
its weekly cotton review, says that for
the week ending Friday evening, the 20th
inst., the total receipts have reached 10,
626 bales, against 12,666 bales last week,
13,077 bales the previous week, and 15,
141 bales three weeks since; making the
total receipts since the 1st of September,
- 1886, 5,158,523 hales, against 5,142,549
bales for the same period of 1885-0,
showing an increase since September 1,
i 1886, of 15,974 bales.
The exports for the week ending the
same timo reach a total of 21,227 bales,
s of which 13,035 wore to Groat Britain, -
s to France, and 8,192 to the rest of the
continent.
The total visible supply of cotton, as
made up by cable and telegraph, for the
week was as follows: Total of Great
- Britain stock 991,00, total of continental
stocks 412,500-making a total of Eu
1 ropean stocks of 1,103,500. The total
, visible supply for the world is 2,266,779
r bales; of this number 1,525,279 are
American and 741,500 East Indian, etc.
' The imports into continental ports
h for the :rae period have been 90,000
bales.
n There was a decrease in the cotton
i- in sight, Friday night, of 5,699 bales
i- as compared with the same date of
, 1886, an increase of 30,389 bales as com
r pared with the corresponding date of
f 1885.
'Io receiptc at interior towns for the
t week have been 6,686 bales. Old inte
rior stocks decreased 7,581 bales, and
were 110,397 less than at the same period
i last year.
Tlie actual movement from the planta
lions, not including the overland receipts
i or Southern consumption, but simply
the receipts that reach the market
through the outports, sinco September
1, 188t, were 5,175,331 bales, in 1885 6
were 5,301,195 bales, and in 188-4-5 were
-4,711,167 bales. Although the receipts
at the outporth the past week were 10,626
bales, the actual movement from planta
tions was only 2,981 bales, the balanco
being taken froiu the stocks at the into
rior towns. Last year the receipts from
the plantations for the same week were
8,s887 bales, and for 1885 they were
7i()0 bales.
Itally si tinig by at Ceatli,ctie.
Cooke county comes to the front with
the horrible death of a young man
Inmed Charles Allison. Several years
ago his brother Wilhami went to Texas
to engage in the cattle-raising business.
lie cameo back last week on a visit. Last
S)iuday morning the two brothers wvere
preparmng to) go to chirch, when Charles
put on a coait which his brother had
b)roughit from Texas with him. In a few
minuteos lie experienced a burning sensa
tion oni the armi. lio took olf the coat
and tore open the sleeve, when a deadly
centipede t romt the plains of Texas was
noeen crawling sliowly up~ his arm, stinging
as it wvent. Mleial assi-tanJce was has
t ily summuonied, biut when the doctors
arnivedl his arma had swollen to twice its
natural size and in a few hours burst
along the poisoned track of the insect.
Ilie young man diedl in most horrible
agony about nightfall and was buried the
nioxt (lay. --Nashville American.
"Sco that woman," sJaidl a man, point
ing to a canal-boat moving along the
E'rie. A head hidden in a checked calico
sunl-bonnjet pirotruded from the cabin
hiatchIiway. "1lhat woman, sir, hasn't
bieen out of that cabin in twenty years.
F'act. So stout she can't get nothin' but
tier head out. Las~t time shoe come up
on1 (leek was when (rant was inaugurat.
ed. The captain and the mate and the
two n-ule-d(rivers helped. .lad an awful
tinie. Then they got her back again
and she hasn't been out since. Last fall
a dime museum man camoi down hero
and ofl'ered her big pay to exhibit her
self, but when he learned thiat he'd have
to take the canal-boat and( all ho ref used
to sign a contract. "-Albany Express.
la y, hieh you are walowing, on acecount
of sOin' ot thie ili'ses peiiuiar to you,
Oiihiart' andi which have rotbbed you of
t e rot y hu le of hieailth , unit madie life a br
h.o to you, you can easily get (out of. Dr.
'ieriie "F'avorite Prtecritior" ' will I ree
ou ti im ill such troubles, and soon recall
ne rosa int of hieaIlh to your chee~k and
it. elbwticity to your stepi. It is a muost p)er
fee tritle for all the wecakness,es and
-regiuiarities peculIar to your sex. It cures
alcertion, displacements, "internal fever,'"
batrinig dlownI sentAionslii, reiioves theC teii
hiiiey to canierouis 'ff'ections andui corrects
atIll, mtural discharges. By druggists. .
"Ye', sir,'' saidu the entomologIst, "'I can
itme 11:as soi that when I whIstle they will
comie mi l alight on miy hand.'' ''Phaw!"'
widi ii the, blhiaded m ian , "thiat's nothIug.
l'hiey com and atui light, on my head without
my whistling." The catomologIst sat
down.