The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1871-1903, May 13, 1886, Image 1
An Interesting bktehch of ueie' Women Who
hlave Ieen Mintregee of tlie i'e lIonMP.
(From the l'hi)ado'phia 'Tines.)
T.Ihe iUnnonnecctm( nt that tlic Prosidentt
vll narry Miss Frances Folson in .Jule
recalls the historic series of White House
11U1)tials. Washington, it is well known,
narried long before lie became 1.'resi
dent, or even general of the army. He
met the lovely Widow Custis at Wil
liamsburg d'uring his service as a mcii
ber of the Virginia Legislature. Mrs.
Washington presided over the Ixecutive
household at the seat of govern itent,
first in New York, then in this city, with
a good deal of formalit.y. Their house
in this city was one rented from Robert
Morris, on Market street, 1etweein Fifth
and Sixth. It was here the Friday levees
were held, and the rules were very rigor
" ouis.
The first 'resident's wife was born a
Jones, that of the second a Smith - Abi
gail Smith-so the lt)ublic, so Iar as
the (lomestic head of it was concerned,
was ushered int with at certainl demiociratie
simplicity. .Joln Adams naurried his
wife 'hen she was twenty, and her fath
er, who wats a clergyman, preached. a
sermon on the Sunday after the wedding
-so a historic old chestnut relates - -from
the text, ''John came neither eating
bread nor drinking wine, al yc say he
hath a devil.'' I )uring Adams's tr oii (f
oflice, inI 180), the (ovein mcut ws.; re
moved to Washingn. i rs. Adtms w:s
the first lady of Ilie White louse, 1utt
she never liked it and li ved there alto
getler but four monitlhs. ier picture,
by Gilbert Stuart, r('eresents her as a
cheerful and not unhtan Isome looking
Woman of fifty, with cap, and ringlets of
curls wreathing the edge.
Jeflerson vent into the White lhoatse a
wido?er if nineteen ytars' standin~ aind
his diary lately published by Julu1i ige
low shows lulrstood thoroughly the
donesti( ('cOllomies which werV ncessa
ry im the matter ot lrOvililig fut the
p wants of the Ilnsion and its hospitali
ties. His wife was the wiulow of Iatltturst
ckelton, at V'irgiii ia gentlemant, mi d the
daughter (of .1uhm Vayles, of (1 mrles
City Coulnty, Virginia. She was said to
Ibie a 1eauintiful woma n, and Je1f fsoni to
have won her over other suiters tlihn>ugi
his mnusical Voice and albility to haiy the
viohin.
I)olly MEtiadoism\ was One of the most
popular of the White hlouse wolen, if
we )elievc tralition, mal yet she certatin
ly was not iretty, it P1rilhnmmai's en
graving from tli picturc of lcirring is to
be acceted, with the <1ueer ilui, pro
fusion of ringlets, large nose auld pousit ive
mouth. There is, however, a glinplse
of a prettily rounld arml and a elassic'
neck through the lace antd daatper;v, iliat
p)erhaps may have eouiii ied vit it her
Well-attestel taut ad ivacity to havc
given her the retaatation she t'ertaiily
enjoys among Ilie I'resident's wives. Sihe
was an 1.'F. V., I)oriotly t'ayie, ail
though born ini the line I'ree State, aunl
in early life her pan.ents lived rlite nu(d
Dolly actually joined t lie Societ y of
?riends in this city, althougl no iloub t
a rising young Quakor lawy er, ont i lehn
'T'odd, whom she afterward mnirriel, la
somethling to doi with this. Todd died
and1( left her a widow~ withI one sm, so
])olly set her~ caiph for seime of the' tie
looking young nmembleis of thle C<mugriss
-thien wont to colme to IPhliladellhm to
tranlsact the lubl lic business, anmd in 1 71
mnarried ,James Midisonm, oIne of' the most
talented of the body.
MLrs. Mronroe was~'i theii daughiter of a
dlistant relationis of) thei Ph1liladeI'1lphia~
Cartwr'ighits, who sett led in New York
aifter theo peacei of 1 78:t. Sh1 was~i onel of
four girils. Opje oif thwsi miarriied \ ..
IHeyliger, ( nuoid Chai:imberlai tIo then
K(ing of ) mmink;i anitliwr a i- . K(nix,
oif New York (City, wIhow einly daoughter'
was the' wife i.t the lati Alteyaiinteri Ilamuil
toni, Soin ot Alexandiiiir lliiiilt-md, the
first secre'tary of the t r;iiury; a third
mlaried Nicholas (Gouvrneur, otf New
York, al the fourth Senator a m aies
Mon0iroe, ot Vir'ginia , afterwarl d Prmesi
dent.
thait ot Pr'iesideint \moni.ne's youn mgist
daLughiter, who marrrmied her cousin Sanim
cl L. Goeuv,ernieur, in 182). It. tool;
phlce ill the East room1, andi was ai Kieik
erb'hoek~er' allhir', stylish andl hiightoniei for'
the day. A munbiiii o 1brillianit reep
lions in WVashiingt on wirei t'mb-r 'el to
thie b)ridal couiple, anid theii cardIs .wer'e
S out for aL ver'y swell oe' by (Cioniiiodoire
' Essex" Poter' 11( and ie ,'whien it hiad to
be0 given uip, owinig to,lii thie unlv
death of' Conuodoie l)eent ur', killed biy
Blarroni ini a duel. ThIe i dead oic0tIer Iluul
given t,he yomiig (oule a brillinit party
b)ut a few days befcore att his iown home.
An oldier daulghiter of IPresidlent Maudisoni
married Judge (Gio. I aiy, of (icliiioiid.
J[ortenisia Hay, IL b)eautifiul girl, daugh
ter of this miatchi, was the wife of or
Roger.s, of Ilaltinmove, whom old soit
1peopl1 oif I his city remnenmber. 1old
Rogers died in Pa'ris, adi ue
i ere la Chaise. dibucoii
M ist Ieron whon havi read the vol
uinolus diary of t lie '" h liani eloqiuent:'
know m' nore or' less of LouisaL Cathairinie
Adams, hiis w ife. She was the daughter
of aL Marylainder mnoed dJohnsoni, wh
livedUj Lonidoni duinig thle R~evolutioni,
wheliro she was bor n. ChI ar: es Francis
.Adaims was her thirid soni. She accomt
painiedi her distingu iheid h usb aid idur
ing mu~ich of his dliiplomatie andii illieiial
.. journieyinig abrvoud, andi didi the hionors
S during his Cxcecit ivye term, andi was a we
man of varied accomlplishnmnts. A fine
paiit.ing of her by Leslie is ini possesiem
of the Bo3ston family, and1( remresn her
i a pretty woman, elegantly robed, a
jewellel tiara in her hair, necklace orna
nient and lace shawl, with a handsome
gown, cut far more decolleto than Rose
Cleveland could )ossibly alrlove of.
Mrs. Adams died in 1852, and is buried
with her luisbtand at Quincy.
General ,Jackson's wife died before lie
went in1t4) the White House, and, Is- Ie
ha(d ma'ried before sie was firmally di
vorced, the iron-Jwarted old )emociat
wti, with her, often the subjeet of piti
less p)olit"ictl ('altumny. She was a ltiui
wotan, but utldotbtedly l)ossessed the
tudlivided afti'etion of the great IPresi
dent, who never was so happy as wheLon
raisinig her nemory or lefenlding it
from slander.
Van Inren narried a woman who, like
himself, came of )uttcht stock, Ifannath
hoes. She died earl1,y in their married
life at Albany, and her brilliant husband
never after took another partner. ''hie
wife of Major Van Bureni was the lady
of the White House during her father
in-law's tenure, and ably filled the place.
Ann Synunes was the wife of General
harrison and was a Jersey girl, born
leari Morristown, her father being a Con
tinettal army oflicer. She never eltered
the White House, for when the I'resi
(lent came East int 1811 to he inaugurated
her healtlh was precarious and would not
permuit the journey. lie died a tonth
after lie becatte President, wtile site
lived until Fl)ruary, I8(i1.
t'resident Tyler's first wife was Letitit
Christian, daughter of Robert Christian,
of New Kent County, Virginia. Tyler
was at the time of his mnarriage at young
lav graduate fromi the ofliee of the cele
brated Ldnuattl Randolph, itt his polit
ical prospeets were 1bright, as the soil of
(iovernor John ''yler, and to this honor
of tle father the son sutceceded, and
from tlece to the Iresideev. M\Iiss
Christian was a noted 'astern Virginia
helle, and whin her his httnild 1)eenie
'resident assumted the White liouse
dities. lter health was feelde at the
time, and shel died there int Seltemberl,
18L. Elizabhetlt. third daughter of
President Tyler 1by this union, was mar
ried in1 the White -louse to a Southern
gentlenant named Wialler. Th ree gr ande -
childret of this President, sons of
Lightfoot ,J ones, whto ntrrl the eldest
daughiter, fo ight in the ('on fed 'iate
atrmy. One of them, Rdbert, received
thtree wounuds ti (Gettyslbtu"g. Mrs.
Itubert' Tyle'r, a dalghter-in-law of this
I'r'sidt, noted as the mist tess after his
wile's death. She was a lady of great
eultrile an101d m1laniners, the dattghlter of
the tratigeditt Coulter. IIe' eldest child,
Letitia, Wias l,orn in the \Wlite Ilouse.
President Tyler remained a widowei
btt a short time, payitng the Jlthnsonian
coptltlinultt to his lirst slotuse by soon
selecting another, Miss .Juliet (7t'diner,
of New Yor. She was the dauhter of
the wealthy gettleman vho owiled (1ar
dinler's Island, fatiiliir to mttny naval
l)euople as nea' the roadstead in East,
Lang Island twhere the iatval praetiee
siulrot, with the Annapolis ('enlets,
spe)nds much of its summer crunising and1
exercising. Although Mr. 'T'yler wits the
first President---and so far the only one
--to marry in the high oflice, tie cere
monty was not performed in the Whilte
Ifouse, but tt the (hutrch tof the Aseent
siot in Nw York, Jitnue, 181.1. A fter
the wedding a grand reception was given
in the ]xecutive Mlnsio.ti.
Mt's. Pol k, now hiving attt ani avatnced
age ini Nashilile, was one of the m'oiist,
adinmiale mistresses the White lHouse
hims ever hmd. She was Mliss Sarah
Childress, 1bortn neat' Mturfreesb oro ', atnd
marri'tied JTamues i(. Folk, then a member
of the Tennessee Legislatture, in heri 119th
year, Hie wet to Contgr'ess the follow
tng year, andi for' fourteen 51essilns cinl
t inuoed ther'te, beiiing eleet ed Speallker ini
18:9;. In .18:39 lie heamate (Governioi' of
'I'Ttttessee, antd Mt's. P~olk preside<d with
grace at the State Execttive Mnsiont, so~
that wh'len ini 18-15 they enmti fto the
WVhiite IIotuse she pr'oveid olu' of the moi st
agreeable ani wlnlt dpopula 1of 1 mstsss.
Man.ty innmov'at ions or' rather elianges in
old culst)mns of receivinig wvere inittotducedi
duintg M\rs. P'olk's residlence at th e eap i
tatl, niotabldy the oneo of' dispenisinig with
irefrieshtmenits dutring the levees.
The wif'e otf old( " 'Rough andi I tendv'"
was a metmbei' of the extensiv'e fmtnily (if
Suthi's Mat'gar'et Smith, a Marylanid
giril -ditutghiter of IL plain farmet' oft that
State, atnd the(it' tmalrried life for' many
yearts was the prosy ote of an arta-c ett
ln the frontier. 'The first homni' they
hail really was whiien in 1811 Cal Taylor
wient to the' United States barr'iacks at
atn I kougi. It was wt hilet staitio nedl
hteti flIat ,iet'erms'oii Davis miet andi woited
old Zachl 's sietondt dauighftr, nmteh
tagaitnst. thle fathera'"s wishes, whto dlislikied
fto see h is cl hildretn subh jected to the sumet
wanidirini g ex istente hte lad led his
spoiuise Its lil atrmy itietr. [ient. I )avis
wIts thein Ia lumdt somaie yotuntg subanlte'm,
antd fthe secein tg eleimetit was Sio strtong
int himii eveii it that ftie lie tan atway
with Miss Talor~( I, wht tdiied shlt ly aftem'
their mattriiage atndi before the stern tld
elitoeent.
\l iss I it ty Tlaylor, the younigest
dauttghter', wals the mtistriess tof thle Whtitie
liiouse duintg I 'residlenlt Tayltor's shotrt
inletmitheneiy. S1nhetttene the wif' tof
Maljor' Jliss, Ta'iylotr's iitjtantit geiitril ini
M('xieo, andi wats a charmiin wonum,~'i ha
well kinown in her yioithful days ini this
eity, where she wen'tt to s'hil. The.
wife of the Pr'eside(nt never receivedI ior
wenit ont much in Washinmgtoni sotiet v,
andl, like Mi's. Glarfleldl, never likied tlhe
WVhite Hlouise or entjoyed( the lif'e t hiere.
illhaird F"litore mariedli(( a Newv Yiork'h
eehl deachert, Miss AlbigaiI Piower'ms, lbe
fore Ihe became, hiko Clevelandi, a lutlflot
lawyer. She performed all theo public
social dluttica devolving upon hier by r'ea
son of huer husband's ptolitical emtiinnce
withl grent roa nd uto-lgne ht
hn heCamle ('hief Magistrate she was not
in very good health, and a few weeks
after the close of his term died at. Wil
lard's Hotel, Washington, of an illness
)rolablly miuich lastened by her attentionl
to the onerouas requireuents of her sta
tion. rl'CSidenlt l'illmloro survived his
wife twenty-one years, dying in 1871 at
J3utlalo, and t1)01h lie buried, with an
only daughter, in the beautiful Fortst
LawnJeuet4ry of that city.
Franuklin Pieree"-prolnoneed lIrse
u1l in Boston-w-vas a classl nate of I law
tho r1ne's at l,owdoin ('ollege. .h prosi
dent of the college then and ftr anuy
yeatrs \was the Rev. .lesse A pkltol.
J(enny Appleton, a daughter of this col
lege president, became Mrs. Pierce, andl
her lnlsbandl, at the (ine of the )arri:ge
a young New Iaimpshire lawyer and
Congressman, hceamle afterwards Presi
dent of the (United States. The Iir st
few years of ollicial life was sladowted
with grief, owing to the dt;atlh of their
only son, a few weeks 1before th inllamgu
ration, in a frightful railroad accident,
in wiuch Mr. an( Mrs. IPiterce Were also
injured. 'i.'lis cast. a glool oer the
carly years of the social r'giltl of t ir
terni.
llny living Persons rnmem ber the
incidents of society life of this period,
the quiet,- glracefutl mntiu ners of \h -s.
Pierce and the hearty cordiality of the
President, at the levees atl Stale 1'eep
tionls. Mrs. l'ierce (lied at AndlovtI',
Mass., 'luring the war, and the ex-it'si
delt. at (mconi ill 18i>tt, lthl1 are
i_1mried in 11t (temet'iV, Hot 1ari from11 tie
spot where the ebnllttlits farulers tired
the shot" heard round the worl in that
p)rtty} New l;ng;landl town.
.Jamles Ihtchanla was a I"("heltt r, mu1l
eve1yb2oiy rcalIs the presiding lady of
his storny career ill t11 \'hitt i lmse
II arriet Lan1e, his nie'e -'(-0who \a s \~ 11
known in he1"r youth inl the socit"ty of this
city, L,ancasttr IaIld i'ittslm I. I was
at Uledfond Spr'in gts s12 1n"t th1' voitn
3atltimoiv'an, .1ohntstin, whylo mlaurri dt hr
at W'heitlanld il i8i. 'I'he \\hite
lioutste never had a1 ltlr accompllisle -,
t.omestie andtl social it-a1 imn this voung
Pennsylv:ania girl. it was while si' Was
hostess tait 1t' Pi'rinc"e of \alts visitt'l
the United States :mdtl was rh'-rt:aintdl :at
te P'residient'5 mafnsion. Albert l- .
wardl bor't away withl him, so flt stlry
of the day come's doWln 1o Us, wam"11 :'
p1reeiations of thte gimet aa htin;itty 'f
Miss Lan'.
\\ith tei' lusto ry of May iv I't dl l ,il
colu, thte wife of the Gireat E1aa:tmeipatttr,
of Mi's. .1oluison, who was Eli"zau Mlc \r
dile, and of 'Julia 1)ent (lrant, 4t' wift
of thl Silent Captain ani Pn-"silent, who
11a s)2 1lately 1atssed away, the lblie of
to-tdny is fatmuiliar. Mi's. Lim-oln and1
Mrs. Grant bloth too lk rt in till social
duties of their stations, a5 did Mrs.5
Hlayes 81md M1rs. (harlieldi tht" f'(rmter
Lu(;y \\eii, tlahnihter ttf' I)r. .J:uans
Wb,of ('hillieothe, Ohio, th" l:attcr
Lucretia I Hudllph2, ul:nIghte' of Zh1121loli
Ilutloipha, of (ar-'tttsviih', in2 tih s:1nt'
Stat''. Li1coln1 lost a sonl, his favto1'ite
111d, inl4122' \\'I itte I-lttus'. Nellio (irunt,
the i n("l's litt12"ild <butghtter, was 1mar1
riedl--a btrilliant wedding;---in fihe 5amet
pl1acr.
Presidlent, A\rthur" assinnetd the ('hie f
abigistraCy at widower1. 1(m1(, atlthoug;h
rumaor wa;s ver1y inrrt"withl his namet dur.
ing his term, t' (111 not mu'rv. I is
(Illantl" 'li i list.of.(t dwn .l.te.
Centra 2'slAerica. Jamesiil w.' lh Itnan 'l
trtler lvln eeteol w
'achlor'reidents2)l,i rmif te latter
mai's l Miss21 Flso his ll1 12)r it llt
her th elbat fist111 ofCief)'11' lgit nIes.
Fou hr President wen- wdidower at11 teirsIl
tore alnd Arthur.2l1s1'l Sixteens werel. Inar
rdIid whenglthey ientinto the \Vhligte
(1llusl'. One ailn President12 Jo1lml)t T1
1)er,11 mied wh1105ile2 for lng the lixecutiv
Tir e t e 112)11 21 f2 .'21nri 1')l e u tn
free 1'lIl) R.21 Shl hasJ2151 reted n1211a
f4av11r oawar ing a)2 fige o21111f 4 liie
wtat iot inluonil , inenou, unoru
itne 'ne rnnl ('<un'rl 4.1(n i"' a \. "ry Or,..
n11 Manner.
(Hill Nyo in The GraI-iio News.)
itly l):iLa M0N---Y<(mr letter of last
wceIk found ouiiir lmotle'r :ui1 mie fai'lV
ell, though I canlt st' that 1 iii't the
Ksame10 l:tll 1 tusetd1 to be Iy 1a11' lulls.
Every Spring I llve troule with Iy
lungs. One of my lngs is ('ltir'1y
goni(, and1( flte (othe! rn is lwrln(t.ize'd, s
the o()ctor tlls ni. I'Ve tried m(o)-t
ev)'eytling in the way of1 medicine for to
renewt myi lungs, but they get worse and
worise all the time. lBut still I eat a good
lea'ty mial of victuals. utt refe',
('ena11Vl, int yuour lett r, to at )IiSsp(elled
won(1il inly hast, comntlInication. Yout
sptk of gnulmir also int a r')'oaelhl)le
wav, which is atnntovin1g to a non like
mle. 1 4un not g'('at on tile spell, I a1
Ilit, IItliery, for when I olght to 1)'en
lrtiinig for t( spe('ll at the spellilg
sch ois 1111 great o(rt))grt1 )iphial ret (Irls
0of ()rl s('ction of (0o)11try, I wa; licking,
the snur it .1'l:ks fro111 toi lui t , srenie(1
to be( sn(nartr than1111 their p)arenlts.
No, h llIrV, I 1('Ve' go t" 21 1inllle for
slulilng_i lO1I( 11t1rd( 'ord(s with g''et,
lltiinry, but1 I'Ve triod to bea' wHcl-he
Inte Ilort'nt. hii myi pouor wea(5k w%a\y
I've ali)ed to lbt ' good 11111 to von1,
ll'iur, t)i s 1115 Vo' motler. I tlink
I 1ty\" sa;:, with p arldonalle ) ridk, that I
late 1)e)) molurer 5u''sslul in Ilf i lit'
W ' ive oh1(11 t:itl, int s(a-oIn 1141(1 out
"f sa('fs) n, to So live that We t'ould 1not
b(rin. utr 'ray 1111irs w'itIi SorrowV t0 II te
gr:lt.. I, for1 one', 111v\" iri('d to sLnun 1uw
d('nil n1 1)1m f'ori V im' s,l(, I 111\' C ((Ill
h10nw' tearly nighlts, 5 that1 yOul ('ul(
kinow wellre T wVas, 11n,1 I liae 1lways'5
lw'('1 willin)g thalt yolu shoutld snw(ll of' myv
lr'i th1 ii yofet (ll (iispo s('(d. I 114'
II wv(r 111il1d1 ) drlunklrtl'a ls ' u 4r
1I' 4 1);12I 11'l)'O11'ell '1144l \' 4(11.
SI'llitg is 11421 Ilw1;ys tny lbest hl1,
1)1 I 1111 to l'as(e (5a 1are1nt. I have
Irit"d nIo4t t0 briit the 1bln51 of1 s1amen(' 1)o
I ' 14) f4zz c eek, andltl w)'iih I t ould(1
try t) d (1( nwh fot"l r me 5011iuliie.
W1he'ni I was t Ibo, t'hey (idl(1 suiga'
('(0)1 dljiiu:ationi a11d mnake it n(' I4ong
<h-a In l:tIl'lo(u4'' 14O ;) 14 selhool a1s theV
lnlw do. ( )ui I 141(' nintr1:1'v, tit' s1 'gg,ling,
ilets of th' nu(linwnts wlieh I now
10)I', u:s iod n1)1 tu m Ih v 1 1:ain
snnthI and01 aIwkw'11n1)'ss. TI) o.el tiI
rv(( l(1t nts (II 11n (111(ju 11io wve 1nt 1to
"''' l) grlt phy:i )1i1 1r't h :lint e dlnt
Whun I set' tht' st'denit to-day w1ith1 a
bi 1)1p(11' b (((k1 dlonl)' 11) ill : slul\l
SII1p. \('l-inll (l1n' of' tho,s(' little eigu'
tt<s in his 1moh1 II, and(l 1idlint4 (11 tlh'
hill en< 1)1' 1 f a os (r't towan155 11)w I>ig
n-dl h-ilud1'l S('111ill:11'. I of(11 tlhiinlk of
tih' (ayV5 s\ wn'1 .1 (Ih i a1t\ s' w1'k 1be('re
)1akl1ist, 1and thn wa14 1 1lk'u I\w muihe-. in
((rd)er to be' r5'ady' to gett lit'wd( alwen 111m
011 ('list i" o1 ('225s t a1111 15t'Sl('(1 p(r1ei' ove 11'
scl),1 11 llik(' it.
II)' i15 14 1a 1 obl' 1rit('. le tau.ht 2om'
sc"1oI, I r('(lcktu, bea' ualts' lIw lt11(Il 't(Ijll
(';tio)n()nough to en)gagt' inl (ther'! n1tiual
purisulits.
Ih' is 11w da(d011. I 10 12o$ gI 0v to
the ('("11ttry9, 'eV Spr1"inl t)o de(011rtt
1his giv'\'e. Sp'iig is a v''rv Ibus'y seso1n
u itlh nile. It' Ie 1111 di'1 i'n the Wint('r,
112111 ty ye\' s ar('1'li'r 'l12i lwn ' li ( , I
wtho 11 1V)'g2o21* (ii u miy atr1\ to ter"
onlite his Lniat"e. It "4412ll l;ive b222-n t
\\ h2e2 lit di1(<l, your' (2 inotlwr5L asil nw2
.if I was2 240in2g to the funer4':d.
''r2ll w a o m m"1' s I, $$ 4 2 1 i i 4 1 1 i l 121
24o $2to0 the fameral, but1, as5 thle tller sa2ys,
I approve4I't 44f it."' Tl)tt's the way0; 1 221
lwitte 24b$ou12t saying2 w2lm (2) kiniught ofI12
2 n22:2n, ('ven) it hie was2 dead4.
With1 411') bete ((!j24nti2)22d 222vantages' , I
alway2 S$12 thoght (4ur) sc'nho2hnast('i- n)iild
a42v1- li2(l<' 21 goti(I l)i2'ate-, 2) I it I
112s $2222) and2( s)o14 htl to lost1le ftor
ihimse'lft. lie 12:44 221 earn')esltId'sin t'$4
su(e2'('d ill e':n-'Ving his m2unw (2n Iit.'
high~lts tof fam2e4. lI Iyearne2'2td for' glory1,
and24 grub)1. I n-')nwmher1 tim1 lie used( 1(4
teach'l schl)(0 Wtinteris and2( workI421 ou tlum
mer'1s (on a1 farm1. InI this way1 h L k'p1 up
liis no21sele 111$ the4 tim2; 11ml1 tl1i 4li lit
12r2 nent ly go t miiixed~ upj in Ion 2)d~iliSit 2),
lit was21 ne4veri Suicce4ssfully li('k4'd, up1 122
withi his jutstly ('elebra'1td dIi~42s2as and2 in
tr22<h1(' 'd it in2to2II) the1scho)hnaste'st daily1
t ill at1 hist, (2)21 ('vening)2 ill Springl2, juS 2)'
5(cho222hna2ster2 skunl 2) uttor thei swee u~''$ lti
miately. II(ndreds4 1of(2 hiist 2(bl pupil(s all2
It was1 the 1)2>St lutmi'2n2Iious tiii~ In.
kne ii:f.1. I i'ieganh-d1'4 it 4s a1 242422 52)4.
St yo enn t ', I Ieury,, the kind 1 f 2'2
ttiuter' I 1uo1, and22 that is par2itiv why
222)w22in's spellI 12) wors)2it 2r1nc l'y it t's
ink has bleen froz2e2.
I h2l21 ithwe fi( ew l o I w2 ill fi n y122 ' it 2 2
od hltl hi, and21 i:mt ini 3iI our 2 Suh2$.<pwnt
leter you1' w,2) ill det'V24'li 4)>r s11.'e h,4
telling of the thinigs~ youi kno1w, 101 ;2t
of tellinig mc abhout the ti ngs I dlon't
know1. Your)t mo2(ther' also4 j,,ins Ili in
hop1Iig s4'o.
S gin tones' firlt, meet i h2 in tt'01j',
o'n .1oulay nightd. naThe)24 wetings wI 3122
cont11inlue 2;(veral week''ls.
in Ci'22iremnfeence is the1 a1ttra1ction2 of1 0
flowver gardeo- in Smtit n.1 ...r, (:1!
TIlE(I 0'.AI)RIENNE \AL CONFERENCE.
IlC 4.111\T t4'.t'II. 1F IllE MEICTio
P"IO'li 111')11, SO1'"1'll.
Fouur lillwhopr nl,'! -l'w t 11udred anid Fl"iy l.ny
I et" ..niteis At sPIe.tle I!. It lt'lu(ntnd. -
tSpecial to the0 Nrw: adul Courier )
Rter'1aoxi, \iay 5.---''he Gleneral Con
fetrernci' of the \lethloldist Ep)iscol)4
(l'lileb. South, 11(1 to-day in Centenary
( hteh. Netriy all the delegates vcr'3
1rrseint. '1'lTe tiirty-cight ( 'nferences,
Iunttr the contrt of the (ienoral Confer
('ic'e in the Lunitetd States, reach froin
\bh'ryland to the 1Rel>uh1i0 of 3Mexico,
111(1 fr1tin Flo rilat to Wtshlingto1 Terri
to iry. There tare t wo other Conlferences,
one ) ;urtlV in '1'exas 1and )artlY in1
\llxico, anul the other entirely in Mcxi
Co, 'wvith teaIliart'irs at tlie City of
\Iexieo, ilnuking forty Conferencs in all
flt' to)lt'1.rn \lethodlist C'hurch.
T' inl'ut'nl'ship of thef Church, ac
c'ttliuing to the last rt'prt, reeeive'd only
It ft't tlays sin1e', is uiearly oniie minllion
ilt iSos. It lits ic"r'eased to this from
"Illi1,1)01) ler'son5 inl 1,. Besitks, there
is nlissiion wiork llunong the 1nd1ians' and(
sl l;arsel v st't t d1'1 tlist riets of the Vst, on
the borlers 1nd in lI(xico, a11d in t Brazil
ant C'hitit.
'he (Gene('ral ('onferec'e i'epresen,ts the
Ci utichi. It eiinpIots nearly thrre hunItt
i-t m1 111issi<alt('its, Ind01 ('x1>en1ds in the
]lllintf'11I)1('e of llnissionls and,( thein r-1
rornllOlO-t of 111ission work somfe $10)(0()
iiiii:1illv. Its c'hlurrh 'xteiision board,
wit ii 1 i'ht11111 irtr'is at Naslilie, has heen
orgalizt'tl unilv ftour Vt us, but. iin that
ti-u' it 1222s t xllt-inlt'ld abouttiit S15t,(O1 and
Iis assistt (d 'tI tilutit's. 'Th' tulii ishl
ing ol e'rations 1114 ('ollll)('lsd alt Nashi
'vilt', whn-o the lalr~est 1 >rintinig-house is
situa(tt'd, 11ntl opnrtld hv lte C'hurchl.
It. is inlt'''stt'd inl ia lrg' inunb1er of
t'1eductional( trpr "tist , th(e larlgest of
w(hich is \';ullorbtilt 1Univ"ersity.
'he (t'ei'ril ('onft'renlc'e is th' chie'
l',gislattiv" ltoIl\y of ;i hurg' (hureh seat.
trt(d ttV'r at Vast d1nm1iin. it is, in reali
tv, tille (onllg't'of tih' ('hC h, h1tving
ii"'"li'lnl' litw rt') iii ftl'trii 1(g and mulaii
taiiiig tl' ('Imlib ptolity. it is eon
lorlita o lt It I I of Ilct' hiv tl of
lilt- tnul ('olne'trit'n't s ill hi'roplorllt- ) to
thteir u u1brshil . T'h' ('onfer.euee
(tpriw(s ilhilt _,i unntrs, liv idled
t iy i tto t'hlritcal :t 1 l:t rt t'esentat
t i lif. te n-ly t . i, (t. ('. l na iS t
l itn 1 ilt'-111 lt- Vel i ii.
T'hl'l wi>-t wt '1ok of tin (11ntc'll in its
V11rious dl'1irtints will t' rr2viewetd at
ftlit (onflee'' 1t1al110115 p lan " ist. for
futiurt' openditio)1s. Inl fact, th(' wVhle
ltolity is itj et to thliti r(vision of this
I1otly. TIht .1)isoi1tlill( of the C'hm-cll
til bi 1Lni ovt'I, andt Ii\ily 'idisabt le Ire
viSions 1unile.
.\ ' l ( 5U' ill Al t i ll i It itlt it fl-2I it'lst. tClt ui -
' ' tIlb t' ti l 1Lt I . l it }il 1 )0)111il l l '
\Itethodlist ('Iiin-h" , ;'touth, to tht' .1tI'ho
list h'u i' fll t l .\u t.ri111, 1111 WsIli oV i
\l lt dtt'fa'Itdtl, adltnt itt mth.r
"il I 1r t111 It' p b l not' ingthi_;lt u Itr;Ui a.i
'I'ht' g('ne(rl ift1 of ft'tling 51(1ms t> he
cons('rvattiVt'. :1111 thetrt- is not, li1 -ly to
I - il y ri t ii (a1 t1 Ol i t '. Ti'ht' n-t'liotio n
with 2in IN sort11(rn C'irrih I nit' We lst c'or'-,
in-t'('ont'-n'1t is liedl a with the
dluf'y of t'lt'(ti1i:II 11he )''e rlnd ollicers,
1Intl w1i1 lotllto a ly tltc't liVt' newt1 hishlops, I
the Conference embraco some of the
most l)rominent divines of the Southern
Methodist Church. Ii. C. H-Iernandez,
lay delegate from the Mexican Border
Conference, is the only active Mexican
in attendanlce upon the Conference.
ItICIIUMOND, May 6,.-II the Quadren
nial General Conference of the M. E.
Chinch, South, to-day, after divine ser
vice conducted by Dr. Hunter, of Ar
kansas, and after the transaction of ron
tine business the secretary called the
delegates by conferences for the intro
duction of resolutions. A resolution was
adopted for the appointment of a com
mittee to devise a plan by which the en
tire Church can be called on to con
tribute to the expenses of the General
Conference. The special committee on
rules reported rules of order for the gov
ernment of the Conference. The dis
('ussioln of the rules occupied the entire
day's session, and after thorough revis
ion and amendment they were finally
adolpte(d.
P\IE'MO%IA.
W 'hat n WeIIl-Knoii Mledicnl lourunl IInM to
Sny About Ii.
The prevalence of pnculona, its ral)id
increase, and fatal consequences in many
imstances, says Hall's Journal of Health,
have led a number of our abler phy si
ciants to carefully investigate the pecu
liarities of this alarming disease, and
sonle of thel have iulblished tie result
tf their ob servatiolns ill a way to benefit
the public, not only by pointing out the
Iiest mlletlhls of p'evention, 1but likewise
of treatment, in the event of its occur
reilee.
I)r. ,Tolun'I'. Nagle, Deputy Register
if llecords of the health Board of the
('itv of New York, has given imuch at
hnt ion to the disease, anid lias prepare<l
valrlalde statistical tables concerning it.
'T' prevalence of pneumonia,'' he
;ays, 'niay 1 owing to a lack of ozone
in the air, or it may be because there is
too uic'h ozone. Sudden chalges of
V"eatler andi high winds, particularly
In m' the north and east, certainly have
mueh to do with it, and draughts of all
kids aure had, and should be avoided.
)ll ikilg may ibe a predisposing cause,
is tola('co is eertainly ain irritant. Auy
thing wlich irritates the lungs should
Ih' atvoided. If lin'(l)h' would breathe
through the nose instead of through the
nullouthi, espxecially when in the oplen alir
or fa1cing a cold1 wind,. the lungs wouldi
h' less irritated.
'One great aune of tle fearful death
rate among clildhen from this disease is
mlndoulbltedly the criminally foolishl way
m wrhich they are dressed' Miany moth
ers stell more a .ion11s to iiike their
cliiliren look pretty thain to dress then
collriutaly. On a par with this is
worse than f lly of low-lecke(1 dressvs
amolg women as viewed from a health
stidllloiiii. Ladies sO d(ressed will ruslh
fr1olil at heatted halh-oom7 or theatre into
the (openl air, anld thenl wonder that, they
h;1ve colds or 1 melumonil. W1ear scnson
111e ullei'lo iiilg, 111 dol't, rellove
your heavy tlannels too early ini the
l ring or defer putting them oi until too
bite in the fall. I shuld lot advise peo
ple to coddle theselves, but 0111 should
lress ace rding to the season, and should
'ovel' thein luy ev'nly. Add to this a
rol)er n'ga'I for the general health mid
in ait' mi(1;t111'(' of ('n111gh1ts, an d i.' iw (need
l'l(f. A. Li. I d1omli5, in his "Pracltttice
>f (ie(i('inel," 'a' -i is a w('ll-lnwn
ac1.t tIlnit tin' disisel a(ttakhs -the poor
>fflener 151 tinii shipi, the, soldlier' oftenie;
1I1in thle c'iviiian ait f 1(12am po4st. it is
non(1 ((n ft' 31editernienni'li, inlcrea'sinlg inl
-s to it ; north anid ('lst wiiiuls falvor its.
t.Periods oft steady' and1 e'xtri('em cld
iiv' l ittlei effect e'xcep t u11lumI the told,
1114' firs"t pr'edispo sing~ c'ause is age, the(
biibihii(i, froma twen'lty fti folly, andt
ir (''Six ty. Thel proporllltionI ofi male1( to
('ile(1 v'iltihus is ais thriee to one11. A ny
<1111iilentionls wichi r'eiide'r tihe dlSises
md(1II msiIt ll intiee are potent causis
>f tihl dlis('ase4."
I nim'nnia lullisuallly 1bigin wi ~,ith 1a1 chill,
lighlt, m1al4 followed by a1 corr'lespondinig
y high fever' and11 sharp'J pins iln the
>roI gress5, 1reaeinig a1 ('risis inl from five to
ung is a1h ffeed, iil often thle disease is
-Iutinleu toi a1 siingle lob~e.
uni1 241' 4verj iromi it, but the chanllces are'
Sh tIlaJ(tillnt ''a11no t breall1thil, 1and( dies
'at beryi', ai111 ineapab)sleo of pr'lfor1minlg
1. Suatural2 functions11. A ('urious fad~ lx
'halt usuaillly, n s12c'nd 114ill, 14' 1ilm
ino( t he lob11 isltacked, flin itherS p
1444 ar lItoie tIll 5111111n between.Oi the
tyltfI, t he cyntm.AllitOS phsii'n
(liiit hnabnnoiethtiisdv
l)r'. .J. .11. Leamng, special consulting
physician in chest diseases in St. Luke's
Hospital, has published a little pamphlet
concerning it, entitled "Endemic Pleuro
Pneumonia, as seen in New York during
the past ton or twelve years." In that
pamphlet Dr. Learning holds to the
theory that the pneumonia of the present
day, or pleuro-pneumonia, as he calls it,
is the same as the epidemic which caused
such havoc among the troops iu Canada
during the war of 1812-15.
That the weather has much to do with
l)neumonia is apparent. The number of
deaths in New York city for the first
seven months of last year was as follows:
January, 375; February, 486; March,
587; April, 512; May, 337; June, 229;
July, 150. A fter August there is usual
ly a steady increase until March, the
most fatal month of the year. The
death rate, too, is very high. The statis
tics so far pulblished, both in hospitals
and private practice, show an average
(leath rate of at least 20 per cont., or one
in five of those ilttacke(d.
The theories concerning the nature of
the disease itself are many and varied.
Some physieians hold that pneumonia is
only a local maifestatiol of a general
disease, others that it is a specific disease
caused )y a specific poison, while still
others hold as tenaciously to the germ
theory.
Without speculating upon these differ
ent theories, from what has been said in
which all agree, it is plain that anything
which lowers the vitality of the system
is conducive to the (isease, and should
be carefully avoided. Overwork, either
physical or mental, has much to (10 with
it, and this explains why so many busi
Iess men and l)rain workers become its
victims. Sudden chanlges of the weath
er and draughts of all kinds are also to
be guarded against. In a word, live
tenperately, dress warmly, avoiding all
manier of imprudenlces, and you need
lave no fear of pneutmlonia.
nl.O)11 wOlh OF TI'IIE sOCIALISTs.
i r-ThreI'etv*r.m,e timed or Iladly Wounded,
Fort y-(hne of : hont are I'oliet.met..Arreat of
I-' iligl ierM iii tlie i ot.
Cici :ano, May 5.---The Anarchists of
Chicago iritgurattd in earnest last night
the reign of lawle:stiess which they have
threatened and endeavored to incite for
years. They threw a bomb into the
midst of a lirne of 200 police officers, and
it. exp lolde(d with fearful effect. Almost
before the missile of death had exploded
the Anarchists direetedi a murderous fire
with revolvers upl onl the police, as if
their action was prearlinged, and as the
latter were hemned in onl every side
ambusended--the efet of the fire upon
the ranks of the oflicers was fearful.
When the police had recovered from the
first shock of the attack they charged
1luo their wou he iiirderers, shooting
at every step and lmowing them down, as
their fellow-ouficers hald been laid low by
the bombi. The Anarchists fled in die
may b efore the charge. The collision
between ile police and the Anarchists
was 1bought about by tie leaders of the
latter, August Spies, Sam Fieldon and
A. i. Parsons, endeavoring to incite a
large nass-mceting to riot and blood
shed. From Socialistic headquarters
there issued late in the afternoon the fol
iowilg circular, whic1 was distributed
throughout tle laboring (litarters of the
city by thousands:
"Attenition! Wringmn: (reat mass
me1(et ing t o-nigh t at. 7.3) oi'clock, at Hay
miarket, Himdelph street, between Des
phaiines and I talsted. -Good spoakers
will be piresenit to denounce the latest
atrocious act of the police in the shoot
mng of oar fellow-workmen yesterday
aufternooni. Signed: Executive Commit
tee."
August Spica, Schwab, Sam Fielden
and other Socialists (all foreigners)
harangued the crowd iin aL latant and
rockless mannier, when the police march
en up to the wagon contauinxing the
spcaker's, aind Captain lDonfield said: "'In
the nameii oif ihe, State of .Illinois, I comn
imnd this crowd to disperse." Almost
iimmiediaitely a iaiimb fill between the two
(coh115imuio the p)o)liee and literal.ly mowed
theni down. Sixty-three persons were
either killed ior badly wounded, forty
one (If whom were policemen.
Several stores were raided anld the en
tire contents caried off. Dynamite
bombs wvere found in the (ofice of the
Arberter Zeituing, amnd all p)arties' found
on the piremises were' arrestedl. Threats
of b)urinig the city are freely made by
the Socialists.
.'The Vigilants are aroused. TVwo even
ing paLpers publhish the following:
I.:An)QUAirri.:us oF' TIli'm i VIGrLANT'
Comr i'rTii., May 5.--Meet sharp at 1.40
A. R. 78, 5th inst. Buainess of great
nmportanice. Splies, Parsons and Schwvab,
anid others of their kind beware! The
rope1 does its wvork quick. The massacro
oif our b)rav'e l>)iicemen'i must b)e avenged.
By order of the E~xec(utive Committee,
Signed: **
Several of the leading Sociilists have
been aIrre'sted on the charge of murder
and( will be held witUhout bain.
o Iaope foar 4'lii,erii,
Th le counsel for T. Ji. (;juver'inP, con
vieted of the miurder . of Fanni' Lilian
MIadisoni, (enter'ed a mnotion in the Su
premlce ourt oIf AppealIis on Friday for
re'hie;iug oIf thie eaJse de(cided( on Thurs
'lay, ini whiebh the jiidgmecnt oIf the lower
C.our't was fully aflniedh. No rehearing
Sill be allowed untless' one (of the .Judges
wvho concuiirred ini the decdisioin is d'issati8,
fledh with it andl desirjes aL re'hearing.
T 'he latest formi of' brutality which
s in dlanger1 oIf becoimig plarlhi is the
hIIin-k ick ing mautch. WhyX not11 have ear
'lipinig, ori eye-(extinlguishin g, or rib
>reaking maItchies, to? Where is this~
orit oif thlling to stop?I
iss alary~ An.idersoni is nxegotiatmg
or' ai large stock ranch in Nebruska,
- I
VOL XV
VO~jr **-- - - - I. xv" I'( PI(EN S, S.C., II I 11 AY MAY \ 13,18.N .3L