Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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THE SENTINEL. ID. 1. BRADLEY. Editor. PICKENS C. II., 8. C.: TERSDAT, DECEMBER 18, 1880. TERL1%S: Per subscription, $1.50 per annum, for six ftontb, 76 cents; strictly in advance. Advertisements inserted at one dollar per square of one Inch or less for the first inser, Ion and fifty cents for each subsequent in sertion. Liberal discount made to merchants and others advertising for six months or by the year. Obituary Notices and Tributes of Respect ebarged for as advertisements. Announcing Candidates five dollars, In advance. Editorial Correspondence. COLUMBrA, S. U., Dec. 10, 1880. Dear Sentinel: The legislative ma chinery seeme to be running smooth ly, and without some tremendous jar we will be ab'e to fin ish up our work and oat our Christmas tut key at home. This Legisluture seems to be more practical and less disposed to fritter away its time in buncoinbo speech making than its pred cessor; yet there are a few of its members who seem to be impressed with the idea that the interest of the 8tio rests upon their shoulders, and if' they do not make two or three speeches onch day the people will forget their im portance and the Stato will be ruined. The .Iouse has been having night sessions this weck, and have yet a large amount of bills to dispose of, most of them are, however, of a local ebaracter, or of little general import. ance, and no great harm will bo done if they gogovor to the next ses sion. The bill to define and punish the crimo of dueling passed its second reading in the Senate several days ago, but, when it came up for a third reading to day, was postponed and made a special order for Saturday next. Thle bill makes all persons pro sent at a duel in any capacity guilty of murder if any one jd, o this reason the la letter on our statut~e b8 h State will not be able to procure wit Daesses to convict any Oa~fb hODInl feature about the bill whlitk' 1Uel~ to prove of any benefit, Is the b6t which every member of the Legisla ture, or other oficer of the State o: County is required to take before en tering upon the duties of his office to the effect, that they have not, subse qulent to January 1st 1881 participat od in a duel in any capacity. Thi may prove to be a chock upon thi evil habit, and in my opinion, is thl only feature that is worth anything The time for funding the bills of thi bank of the State under the provisioni of the act of the last Legislature hai closed, but it seems that certain par ties failed to avail themselves of th< opportunity offered them by the Stat< and now seek to come in by an exten. sion of the time. Some of those parties had attempted to pay their taxes with~ the bills. Under the requirements ol 'the tax bill, the Treasurers hold al] auoh bills until their validity should be established in the courts. Thos< parties, it is claimed, were not able tc socure their bills from the Counts Treasurers in time to fund them under the act. They now desire to come ini and fund thier bills at 50 cents on the dollar. Others, it is claimed, were ignorant of the time when the law ex pired. 'The Comptroller General es% timatos the bills yet unfunded at $22). 14%. Otlbers assert that there are, perhaps, over a million of them yet unfunded, and that it would be disas trous to the State to open up the question again. This.[ tbink an ex agoration, but it is well erough to wait and get more light on the sub J ect. No serious harm can comolI to the State until the next seion of the Legislature, Then if the estimate of the Comptroller General, or anything in its neighborhood should prove to be true, it would be to thae interest of the State to lpermnit the holders to come in andt iUntil all those me w 0 ill e was * h~~nyesterday vote eo 14 to 18. A similar bill however, passed tho House, but It will be killed when It reaches the Senato. The bill for codifying the Jawa will pass. The question of ialling a Constitus t~ional Convention has beta iarred to a cominlssion to report at the next session of the Legislature. They are to recommend the propriety of call ing a convention or proposing all no cossarv amendments to be voted upon by the people. The registration law as well as all other laws relating to elections will be deferred until the next session. The tax bill, for State purposes will not exceed the estimate of the Conp trolier General-41 mills. Constitu.. tional school tax 2 mills-which will make the State tax Ga mills. If the County Commissioners of our County levy 8 mills for railroad purpose, with the 3 mills for ordinary County pure poses, the taxes in our County will be 17j mills-about 10 mills less than we have boon paying for the last throo years. D. F. B. "The Pickens--Anderson Compact." We find the following article in the last issue of Ti PicKENs SENTINEL,, under the caption quoted above, a few words concern ing which we presume will not be objection able to our esteemied contemporary, inasmuch as bothi it and (lie Commissioners of that. County seen to be at a loss to understand why the Commissioners of this County have not. paid what the Commissioners of Pickens have been pleased to designate as their "nart of this agreement:" "The question is now, 'What has become of the Anderson part.of this agreement?' The Air Line Cornpany has complied with its part of the contract. The Pickens portion of the fence money has been paid into the treasury, but nothing has been heard from the County Commissioners of Anderson. Our County Clerk has sent them a full statement of the affair, which they have treated with silent contempt. If they wish more legislh.tibn on the subject we would like to hear from them at once." The "statement" was received by the Com mis~oners of this County. but as it was con. sidered not only exorbitant bt unequally apportioned, it was rejected. The statement shows that the whole amount of fence built is 34 miles, at a cost. of $4,863.29, on 27 miles of which the Air Line Railroad paid $50 per mile. making $1,350, from which the County Treasurer's commission was deduct ed. Ad, derson's proportion is one half of the remain. der on the 27 miles together with one half on 6 miles in addition, aggregating $1,481.98. The proportion for Pickens is the same as that for Anderson with the cost. of one mile additional, aggregating $1,568.81. The Act authorizing this building of (lie fence rends: "The County of Anderson shall only be required to pay the proportion pro vided for that County for the number of imiles for which the said County would be r-cqtaired to pay if the Air Line ltailroadI run the line of such fence,'' froin which it is plainily seen that the Commissioners of Pickens have ini creased our proportion considerably froini what it shoul be by rights. The Air Line R~airoad does not. "'run the line (of such fence" *for a distance of 34 miles by a good deal: andl even if it did we cannot exactly see how the Pickens Comnmissioners could expect Ander~ son to pay any portion of the expense ot building this fence when she had ntothingif whatever to do with contracting for the work. O w Commissioners were not conlsulted aibout h e matter, although the Pickens Corninis *oners considered that we had as much in terest in the mnatter as tl-cy didl. Aloreovet the prices at which the buildinig wias done wan - exorbitant, and does not retiect. nauch cedlii upon the business capacity of t he parties whot 'at teunded to letting out the conitracts. T be whole conduct of the Pickens Coin iissioneri~ is, to say the~ least of it, as about, as cool a piece of business as we have ever heard of. Anders'1onl In telhyencer. We not only have no ob.ject'ons "t(. a few words" 0on this subj)ect from otu esteemed con temnpor ary, the Intelligen cer-, but are gratified to find thut it it generous enough to act as amiannensk for the Commissioners of Andorsor - County, and in that cap~acity has been kind enough to make p)ubliC their rea sonsifor not cOmplying with their pat of the fence compact. The statement givon above by the Intelligencer is cor, rect. The first reason for rejecting the claim of Pickens County is that it was "unequally apportioned." This is admitted, but, Pickens County has the greater portion to pay. If the Act quoted above has not been carried out to the letter, the deviation has boeen in favor of Anderson County. But the portion which Anderson County should pay is clearly determined by the hypothesis in the last clause of the act. The plain unmistakable sense ol the Act i-s that Anderson County should bo required to pay no more by roasoun of the fence being placed upon a line designateod above Pickens C. 1I.1 but to pay the amounnt it would have had to pay if the fence had been built right along the line of the railroad; or, in the words of the Act, "for the numbe'r of miles for which the said County (Anderson) would be required to pay if the Air Line Railroad run the Jine of such fence." Nothing more is requiired. If the Air LIine Railroad (bad) run the line of such fenice, 27 miles, as con templated by the Act of the Legirlature, there would still have bceun six 'niles of fon cing necessary below the railroad to fence off the Counties of Pickons and Anderson from Oconeo. So it seems that that objection was not welhl taken. It hais not been alleged that the Air Line Railroad run the line of such fence 34 milcs, but it has been alleged that the legitimato and ~~pror portion 1(or Andoraon Coirnty to pay is $1, 481.98, anud that baud amount, is the same it would have been had the fence bceun built aloing thnc line ot railroad. AnhothIer; reaison or' r-ejectiing the was exorbitant." Perhaps it is a lit te more than it would have boon had our Commissioners had time to have gone all round over the County to see who would perform the work for tbo least money. But there was a given time in which these contracts should be mado and the work completed. The last amendment, which determin% ed the location of the fence, was ap% proved February 20th, 1880, and by the terms of this Act the work was to be completed by the 1st of April, 1880, leaving one month and ten days in which to complete the job. Survey~ ors had to be employed to run the line, and farmers had to be pursuaded and well paid, too, to leave their farms at that busy season of the year and go to building fence. Taking all these things into consi(leration, we are pur% suaded there is not, much "reflection," after all "upon the business capacity of the parties who attended to letting out the contracts." The Commission era must mean by "exorbit'ant" that the price paid was more than it would have been at a leisure season of the year. If so, we admit their definition, but deny that it was an adequate rea son for refusing to do what they wore authorized and required to do by an Act of the General Assembly. Again, it is alleged that the Ander son Commissioncrs were not consulted on this matter, had nothing whatever to do with contracting for the work, and, therefore, should not be expected to pay anything. Well, now, this is just about as thin as the conduct of the Pickens Commissioners was "cool." Their part of the contract was entered into at Columbia by the Representa tives of Anderson County, (the editor of the Intelligencer among the number, and agreed to by the Representatives of Pickens. Besides, no provision was made by the General Assumbly whereby the A ndei son Comn nissionersiwcre author ized to assist the Pickens Commission ors in letting out the con tracts ; but theo Couin t y C'omm iisioners of Pickeni are "'authioized aind requ ired to creel a haw fult ee," ad the Count3 Comumissioner's of Anderson are "au, thaorized and requiret.d to levy and col lect their' portion of the ncescsatry lay and~ turn the st'.mIo over to tho re~as urer of P'ickcens County, taking his re ci pt fori the same11," and~ wYhen thea do this they atre forever free, and no till then. Whent this is done, Ander sona Conunty is to haveo no more trouibh with the feCe~', andi it does seem thai this c'onsider'a tionI alano shoulId h'av< been ai suihicit incenotivo to the An' deriion Ciomm lissionerIs to have acqui, es(ecl u-er'1full mI-i th reolquirePmeniti of theo GeneralI Assembly. T1hat ii was not suiticiet does not recflec mu tch up)on the business capacity 0 hose wvho rui used to) give any13 reaslor for notjaccepting a polito invitation t< do theji' duty. The Last Message. TJhe last mes'sage of' his Excell encj R. B. Ihayes, has been transmitted t< Congress. If there was nothing elsi pending before that body, the mes sage of the Pr'esidenft would furnial material enough for legislation unti the end of the session. It recommend moroe good than it advocates bad. Some of the bad part is, lie gives grea prominence to the propriety or ne cessity of' Federal interference with Sou thern elect ions. Some of thu gooud part are the measures of reforn pr1opobod for the civil service. HI says that appIointments under tb4 government should not be regulatoc by partisan motives, but qualificationi for office should be determined bj competitive examinations. Such i measure as this would divest the .Na tional Executive of all political influ. ence, and leave the numerous employ ees of the government untramnellec in their sentiments. But is it nol strango that Mr. Hayes should advo cate such a measure? is not the great r'epublican organ all out of tune? 0r whence this near approach to common sense? These r'ecommnendations are not consisten t with the past record of the President who granted leave of absence to the many clerks of' the government in Washington, in ordor that they might go to Ohio last Octo, ber to further the interest of that par'ty whose patronago they had so long enjoyed, an~d the conitinued .n joyment of which, they well under stood, depended upon their fealty to the Republican party. A flee in Ponsacola, Florida, on last Friday night destroyecd most of the business portion of the city. The loss uare ostimated at three hundred thuonsend dalun-. The Inaugural Address of GovIagod 811AToas AND RIR3ssNTATIV3S: It is with a profound sense of the responsibility impos ed that I appear before you to day to assume, in obedience to the behests of the people, the Executive office. You have been called by the same sovereign voice to the discharge of an equally portant trust; and in our hands Is placed fr the next two years much that af fects the welfare of the State, Relying upon your patriotism, and your wise co-operation, and with a heart single in its devotion to my State and people, I approach the duties as signed me, and shall faithfully discharge them so far as in me lies. STATS BXPENDITURs,. The honest, economic, and efficient admin-. stration of the State government, which the party revolution of 1870 promised, has been realized. The ordinary current expenses of the State government have been reduced to one-fourth of what it was under the manage ment of the Republican party, and have nearly reached the minimum expenditure of the period before the war. Every obligation of the State is met from the income of the fiscal year, and no deficiencies are incurred. The accounts of the State are cleared from all confusion or oncertainty, and there is laid before the representatives of the people once more, as is required by law. "a true and ac curate account of the actual state of the Treasury." There is yet room for retrench ment; and as from time to time, without im pairing the efficiency of the lgovernment, re trenchment can be made in the Executive, Legislative and Judicial Departments, as well as in the miscellaneous expenditures, each small in itself but aggregating a considerable amount, it should be done. In my observa tion. however, the path of further reduction of the burthens of the taxpayer lies now rath, er in the county levies, of whieh 1 shall here after speak, than in those which reach the State Treasury. While the State levy is four times less than it was under the Republican administration, the ordinary county levy is the same now as it was then. You have, no doubt, observed in the esti mate of supplies required for the support of the State government, submitted to you at the beginning of your session, the large propor. tion of the whole needed for the penal and charitable institutions of the State. Where labor is as valuable as it is with us, I do not see why the Penitentiary sliuld not only be self-sustaining, but a source of revenue. Con siderable progress has been made in this di rection under the present able management of that institution, but the object should be kept steadily in view and attainead at thc ear liest possible day. In connection with that noble charity. ie Lunatic Asylum, I hesitate to speak of re trenchment; the circumstances of our people require, however, that it should be restricted to its purpose and remain a charity. The pauper alone should receive the bounty of the State; those who are able to pay in whole or in part for the benefits of the institution should be required to do so, I am not pre pared to assert that the bounty of the State is now abused in this particular; but it occurs to me that an eflicient safeguard against such abuse is to return to the plan prevailing be fore the war, and, instead of supporting the pauper inmates of that institutionl by a gener al State appropriation, to require each county to tsupportL its own paupers in the Lunatic Asylum as well as at home. This is entirely consistent with the scheme of our pootr laws. Th'le county levies the fund for the mainiten. ance of its same paupers, and it is expended under local supervision. It should also levy and retain supervision of the fund applhcable to the asupport of these more unfortunate pe'r sons among its indigent population. The part of the State should be limited to appro priations for such general purposes of build ing and repairs ns are necessary to make the instituuion available for its humane purposes. The reven'ues of the State are coltected with honesty and fidelity. The mode ot'aic. counting withI the subordinate tax otlicers provided by law is rigitt, anid it is imipossile to cover up fraud or negligence on the part of those otticers, if the accountig is properly enforced in the Comptroller's oflice. Whaen the money has reached thme State Treasury, its cust ory and disbursement are jcaiously hedged with stringent provisions of the laiw. I know of no practicul safeguard, that is omit ted. COUNXTY EXPKNDITURES. lnut with regard to the expenditure of the county revenues, it seems to ime that the law is seriously defective. There is now levied and expended in each county for county pur.. poses a larger sum thamn it pays into the general fund which reaches the State Treas ury, and is there surrounded with such care ful provisions of the law. The County T1reas urer retains the county funds in his hands, and is, in regard to their disbursement, merely the cashier of the County Commissioners. In - his annual accounting in this matter before the County Auditor, an order of the County Commissioners, drawn in accordance with the Iforms of law, is his sufficient voucher. Upon the County Commissioners rests the respon sibility of the faithful and judicious expen. - diture of the fund, and they are )>ractically subjected to little or no supervision. It is true they are required to forward, through the Comptroller General, a detailed acconnt of their transaction.,4o be laid before the Legislature, and Riis the theory of the law that these accounts are by you examined. For the present year but four of the counties have forwarded their accounts in time to be printed with the Comptroller's report. Others will perhaps be laid before you in manuscript during yotur session, and some will not reach you at all. The General Assembly does not, and necessarily cannot, efficiently discharge the duty imposed; and thus the loose super vision'of the county expenditures is in sing ular contract with the rigid scrutiny enforcetl upon the State Treasury. Your experience andl judgment wall find a proper remedy, it appears to me that the grand jury of the county is the most, suitable body to be charged Swith examining and auditing the transactions of the County Commissioners. If aided by an expert accountant, and the accounts are publiehed for public information a sufficient time before the examination, it, will be as thorough as can be secured. The accounts should then be forwarded to the Comptroller General, to be by him consolidated and em hodied in le?s next aniuual report as statistical information. These Commissioners should still be required, as now, to submit to the General Assembly estimates of supplies upon which to base the annual county levy. All that I have said in this connection applies with equal force to the disbursement by the counties of the school fund. THE PUDLIO DsflT. An adjustment of the public diebt has been reached by legislative provisions by a decision of the courts. There is no floating dlebt. The debt funded and being funded is $6,689,170. Of this the scrip of the Agricultural College, amounting to $191,800, is a permanent invest ment; the deficiency bonds and st ocks, amount ing to $564,855, mature in 1888, and the counsols, aounitting to $5,#82,515. mature in 1891- The whole debt bears interest at 6 per cent. In this connection I would very earnestly bring to the attention of the General Asseipbly the mannal delay in tihe payni eni. of ipterest. The interest is payable betore the taxes levied to meet it, are fully collected; and thus some receiving their dues. This can be corrected by providing an earlier day for the payment of taxes; or the Governor and Treasurer might be authorised to anticipate their collection, so far as neeessary for this purpose, by a tem porary loan. The consol bonds bear upon their face the contract of the State to receive the coupons from the sane in payment. of taxes. During the period of adjustment of lihe debt It was impracticable to do so; but now there is no reason why the coupons of the brown consols should not be thus received. It Is also ad visable as to this class or console that the op eration of the law requiring interest to be paid in New York as well as at, the State Treasury should be resumedi but as it is not practicable to pay interest to the holders of green con sola elsewhere than at the State Treasury un.. til after the conversion of their securities. The suggestions made would promote the conve nience of the tax payer, ahd no doubt hasten the reduction of the consol bonds and stocks to a uniform character. It is also desirable, as to both consol and deficiency stocks, to adopt the plan of the United States Govern ment with regard to its registered bonds and stocks: upon the holder furnishing the treas.. ury with his postoffice address, the interest due is forwarded by check upon each Janu ary and July. The punctual payment of in terest and every accommodation and facility given in its collection enhances the value of the security. Already under the management of the State finances for the last four years its bonds have risen in the market from twenty cents on the dollar to par. The fibal status of our State was once its proudest boast. If we place it upon the high plane it occupied be fore the late civil war and keep it, there our securities will rank with any governmental se curities upon the market; and when the debt matures, as it soon will do, it can be refunded at a much lower rate of interest, A wise and prudent policy will keep this end steadily in view, and then with the increased taxable val ues, which improved credit and returning prosperity will bring, what is now a burden miy become an inappreciable weight to be borne or ditcharged with equal facility. ELECTION LAWS. The third Section of the eighth Article of the Constitution of this State, adopted twelve years ago, declares that "it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to provide, from time to time, for the registration of electors." This positive mandate of the Constitution has not yet been obeyed. it is one of the most obvi ous means of securing the purity of the ballot box; and the failure to provide it was justly urged in complaint against those who con trolled the State government, for the eight years following the adoption of the Constitu tion. Amid the numerous nuitters claiming the attention of the General Assembly, and with the shortened sessions since that time, no registration law has beeni . In my judgment the discharge of this imperative duty should no longer be delayed. indeed, in many particulars our election laws, as they now stand, are defective, and their revision is one of the most important subjects which de mands your attention. EDUCATION. Our public school system demands and should receive the most careful attention, in order that, its development, mzay meet. the no cessities of our conuition. The States of this Union wvhich to day stand inst ini popultiition, wealthI and political intluenice are those in which, through etiicient, public school syst ems, knowledge is most, widely diffused among the people the social anud political rest oral ion of our State and the development to the full est extent, of our nat ural resources wiil surely follow upon the estabiilihment ot' an educa tional sy stem wh ichi will reach down to the chiiid of the humablest nman without, regard to race or color, and quality him for the duties of future citizenship, The property in Charleston known as the Citadel is still in possessi)n of Ine Un iteil States governuient. It is of great, imiportance to our educational intest that it be lost ored, and devoted, as formerly, to the purpose of State Military Academy. Part ot the interest, of the fund donated by Congress for the maintenance of instiitutions for instruction in agriculture and the iectimn ic arts has been applied for some years to ihe higher edi c.tiuon of the colored youth of the State ini conntection with Clailin Unsiversi ty Th~e SouthI Carolina College of Agriculture amt Mechanics, for thle special education of the white youa : of this staie, in this connection, was opened in Ojciober last, and iL is ailso sup, ported by the interest, of this fund. These institutions deserve,, ias I amn sure they will receive, the fostering care of the General As sembly. The Constitution of the State makes it the duty of the General Assenmbly to provide for the maintenance of the South Carolina Uni, versity. It, is not, perhaps, perlhaps in our power to renew its sphere of usefullness at this time, but the direction of the Constitution should be obeyed at as early a day as practi cable. A university of higti grade, working in harmony with the excetlent colleges iiow in operation in the State, would have the effect. of stimulating education in the public schools and would complete our educational system. MIATERIAL PRtoGRass. During the two months of the recent po Ilitical canvass, it was my fortune to pass through every county in the State except one. Devoted for the greater part of miy life to ag ricultural pursuits, and familiar with most parts of the State, I was surprised and grati fied at, the diversified and abundant harvests thatt were everywhere witnessed. Much of this was dire to propitious seasons but, it was evident that more was due to improved meth Ads of culture and the hopeful energy and in. creased thrift of all classes of our people. To one cognizant only of tihe recent past in the agriciulture of the State, some of the results attained are scarcely cred ible. I saw one field of 850 acres, which I ha-'e since learned yield ed this year, as it had done last year, 850 bales of cotton, weighing 600 pottnds each. Over a large area 0f the same County the crops upon the uplands were as luxuriant, as upon the finest, alluvial soilis. These uplands were of the usual character throughout, the middle belt, of the State, which, in their unim proved condition, would require three or more acres to produce a bale. Our farmers, too, are 'versitying their crops and paying moro atten ion to live stock than formerly. The results attained in the .small grains-oats par ticularhy--are equally surpising. Fronm sev enty five to one hundred bushels to the acre on uplands are credibly reported ini inany in stances; and the host Fair of theo State Agri cultural Society exhibited tile largest aind best, dis play of live stock that I have witnessed in thbe State since the war. 'lhe development, on the sea islands, in special instangea, b~y means of the drainage and lertilizera, in the produc tion of the peculiarly valuable cotton there grown, is equally worthy of note. It has equalled four or five tirmes the restits it for merly attained. Near Charleston four aid a half tons per acre of Bermuda hay have been grown this year upon light sandy lands, specially fertil ized; and in another part of the State, upon alluvial lands not fertilized, a rmead ow has yielded for three years past an average of two anud a half tons to the acre of the samne valu able hay, equal, if not superior, in feeding quality to tue best timothy, and selling in the adjacent markets at fromi $20 to $85 to the ton. This improved condition of our chief indus trial iterest is, indeed, raifyimng,. m....hug trates the capabilities of our tavored soil and climate. But our abounding resources still sadly'need development. Our mineral wealth, our water powef., the products of our forests, our agriculture itself, have ueWroeely been touched. "The harvest is plenteeds,- but the laborers are few-" One of the most pressing needs of the State, lnduetriAly, is the advent of an intelligent and thrifty irmnigration. I commend this subject to you, and I comm'end to your care the recently established Depirt, ment of Agriculture, which, wisely conducted, I am pursuaded will be a most vilttable agent in advancing all of the material - luteresta of the State. CONOLUSION. These happy results-this restoration of the State to the methods of good government; this hopefkl indtistry of all classes of our people and rapid adtance in prosperity, are due, un der the providence of God, to the resumption of the chief control of our local affairs by that portion of our citizens in whom the eapacity of self government is an inheritance derived from a thousand years of a free ancestry. It stands in striking contrast to the wretched period of riotons mr isrule which preceded it under the domination of the lately enfran cl1ised freedmen. South Carolina cannot and will not again become a prostrate State. The God given right of self preservation inheres In communities as well as in individuals. It is higher than law and older than Constitutions; but the problem with as to day is to preserve the life of the State within the conditions that surround us. It Is true that never before in all their history have free institutions been subjeoted to such a strain as the reconstriro. tion Acts of the national government placed upon them here, but the political equality of all nen in South Carolina is now as fixed a feature in her policy as is the Blue Ridge in her geography. It, can neither be suppressed nor evaded. The solution of the problem re quires the wisest. thought, the gravest counsel. It seems to me that I see in it Firmness, Mod eration, JuFtice. Let these characterize every act of legislation. It is aiy duty, as Governor, to "take care that the laws are faithfully executed in mercy." I repeat the pledge made before my election-that in the discharge of this high trust I shall know neither white man nor col ored man, but only citizens of South Carolina, alike amendable to her laws and entitled to their protection. A Matter of Free Schools. The following from the Burlington Ilaiwkeye, certainly deserves consider ation: Governor Brown, the now Senator from Georgia, has taken a stand upon the educational qhestion that must warm-sly recommend him to republi..A calls. In establishing freo schools at the So,th (overnor Brown thinks the National Government shotild as,. sist. His rensons for this are strong. The Sout h was impoverished by thet wari. Thle capji tal in vcst ee in slaves waV~s des~troyed. TI'Io abolion0 of sla very~ tiro u.W 1pont th Southdli a Ltreat. maiss of un teducantedl peoplo0). It is fair, therefore, timt thei Nat io)n- Govrn. menit sh.ouild aid ini pr-ovid ing an oeu' 7 cat ion for tlhe clhidren of the freed- y men). Ut'questionaLbly t he hWet in,. vestmenit th,:i coubl be mande by' tI).n Naioinal Governmiet would ~be irw frce slcols, not only Vor th i''i 1.uck-, bu11t als b')or th wio~'~hees and i if thwr helpi itselfI in this rogatrd, it ii' rlh cteiv( tlc o ympaj~thiy and supporrt of4 lie .le;uiii Can i party. Ini t hat wuay, M and undfer the leadershuip of such) niae-' as5 Governor IBrowni, wo~ hiley not ham to) wait long or a now ii S outh. . It. wl. take~ time to a:complf)ish) t besoM re-,u.lt., butt thei fruit of suchi fIT'rt. is n14 cer tin as tI. ,he rebitioni of cause .d et fect. WATr RmAIOAns Do ro;a F~AiMKW ~--To( hal~: forty bushelI of corn fifty miles on ai v~ :gon, n ould cost at leat, $12 for tea m, driver and e~xper'.se~s. A railoadwouldI transport it for $4 at most. Allow onl an aiveraigo of forty bh~~lis per acre, or 8 per cent. un $100. Asi the relativo aivanutago is about thi samo it for otithor crops, it is clear that t.a rail road pas ing through a town would add $100 per ac to the value of thle fa rms. A towni ten~ miles square contains 64,000 acres. Ani increase of $100 per ae is equ al to $400,000,. or enough to build 200 miles "fC railroad evenr at a cost of $32,000 por milie. 13t, 200 miles of road would extonud through 20 towns, ton miles squar-o, and cost but $10 por acre if taxed up)on the land. Those figures are given merely as an illus~..4 truation. .if the farmers bad taxed themselves to build all the railroads in this country and given them away to a company that would stock and! run them, the prlesent increased valuo. of their lands would haive well repaid all the outlay. -American Agriculturist Just received a large lot of' Cloth.. ing, at .1. C. Snlaicy's, 4 Cen tral, S. C. MIRACUIJOUs POWER-The Fores t and Streamn has it: 'To preservo hinar use Warner's Safe Remnedics. Thos, are almost of miraculous power in ros moving diseases for which recomn monded. The wonderful curativo qualities thbey aro p)osesse of is vouched for by tens of thousands.' JULIUS . 'BOGOS, ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR AT LAW, PIQE;ENS 0, H., S, 0. Offloo iu the Court Jhouse. Prompt attention givon to all busines~s on. tI'rusted to him, dec 9, 1880 1 .Notice to Debtors & Creditors. A LL persons having demands against thme Est'at~e or JOllN FENDLEY, dleceased, must present them duly proved, and those in.. debted must make payment to the undersigned, T110o6. P. LO)OPilt Adn .S