The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1871-1903, November 29, 1877, Image 1
DEVOTED TO POLITICS, MORALITY, EDUCATION. AND rO TILE GENERAL INTEREST OF THE COUN'hni
VObL Vi. PICKENS, S. C., THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 29,_18Th. O 2
THE SENTINEL
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Longstreet on Gettysburg.
A narrative of the Pennsylvania
campaigp from the beginning to the
close, written by Gen James Long
btreet, is published in the Philadel
phia Times Gen. Longstreet tells
some things that have never been
told, and reviews the operations of
1863 from a point of view that is in
many respects more advantageous t
than is possible to any other man t
now living, since no man now living I
was so prominently c.mcerned in
them.
THE FIGHT 1N JULY 1ST.
The enconiter on the 1st of July I
Geni. Longstreet shows to have been t
wholly accil!ental, and it was then
that ie beio ei Lee committed an <
error in not eit her vigorously proew, <
citing the temporary success, or elee C
mai.envring so as to compel Meade I
to make the attack. Gen. Longstreet
continues is folluws: When I over- i
took Gen. Lee at 5 o'clock that af- a
ternoon he said, to my surprise, that t
ho thought of attacking Gen. Meade o
upon t"ie heights next day. ,Gen. j
Lee was impressed with tbe idea that (
by attackmng the Federals he could <
wvhip themu in detail. I reminded I
him that if the Federals were there.
in the morning, it would be proof a
that they had their forces well in t
hand, and that with Pickett in <
Chambersburg, and Stuart out of ]
reach, we should be somewhat in de
tail, lie, however, did not seem to i
abandon the idea of attack on the
next day. He seemed under a sub- I
duied excitement, which occasionallyi
took possession of him when "the <
hunt was up," and threatened his su.
parb equipoise. The sharp battle4
fought by Hill and Ewell on that day
had given him a taste of victory.
THE PLAN OF ATTAOK.
When 1 left Gen. Lee on the 1st
I believe that lie had made up his
mind to attack, but was confident
that he had not yet determined as to
when the attack should be ma:le.
The assertion first made by Gen.
Pendleton, and echoed by his con.,
federates, that I was ordered to open
the attack at sunriEe is totally false.
Gen. Lee never in his life gave me
orders to open an attack at a specific
hour. He was perfectly satisfied
that when I got my troops in position
and was ordered to attack, no time
was ever lost. On the night of the
1st I left him without any orders at
all. On the morning of the 2d I
went to Gen. Lee's headquarters at
daylight and renewed my views
against making an attack. iIe seem
ed resolvied, however, and we discus
sed the probable results. We ob
served the position of the Federals
and got a general idea of the nature
of the ground. A bout sunrise Gen.
Lee sent Col. Venable, of his staff, to
Gen. Ewell's headquarters, ordering
him to make a reconnoisance of thme
gronbd in -his front, withithe view of
enaking th,n main attacke nn hiG left
A short time afterwards he followed
Col. Venable in person. Ile return
ed about 9 o'clock and informed me
that it would not do to have Ewell
on the attack. He finally determin
ed that I should make the main ate
tack on the extreme right. It was
fully 11 o'clock when Gen. Lee ar
rived at this conclusion, and ordered
the movement.
Our army was stretched in an el,.
liptical curve, reaching froin the
front of Round Top around Seminary
Ridge, and enveloping Ceinetery
[eightB on the left; thus covering a
space of four or five miles. The on
etny occupied.the high ground in
front of us, being mased within a
curve of about two miles nearly con,
centric with the curve described by
Dur forces His line was about 1400
yards from ours. Any one will see
that the proposition for this inferior
Force to assault and drive out the
masses of troops upon the heights,
ivas a very problematical one. My
)rders from Gen. Lee were "to en
relop the enemy's left and begin the
dttack there, following up as near as
)ossible the direction of the Em
nettsburg road."
THE BAITLE OPENED.
My corps occupied our right, with
Ur. Hood on the extreme righi and
UcLaws next. Hill's corps was next
o mine, in front of the Federal cen
re, and Ewell was on our extreme
e-ft. My corps, with Pickett's divis
on absent, numbered hardly 1 3,000
nen. I realized that the fibt was
o be a fearful one, but being assured
hat iny flank would be protected by
lie brigades of Wilcox, Perry,
right, Posey and Mahone moving
n echelon, and that Ewell was to
,()-operat3 by a direct attick on the
nemy 's right, and Hill to threaten
iis centre and attuck it opportunity
ffered, and thus prevent reinforce
nents from being launched either
gainst myself or Ewell, it seemed
hat we might possible ditilt-dge the
Preat army in front of us. At hIafi
>ast 5 o'clock the order was given
senieral Hood to adv~auce upon the
nemy, and hurrying to the head of
doLaw's division, I moved with his
ine. Then was fairly commenced
vhat I do not hesitate to pronounice
ho best three hours fighting ever
lone by any tr'oops on any battlefield.
)irectly in front of us3, occupying the
>each orchard, on a p)iece of elevated
;round that General Lee desired me
o take and hold for his artillery, was
he thir'd corp~s of the Federals, com.,
nanded by Geni. Sickles. My men
~har'ged with great spirit and dislodg
~d the Federals from the peach or,
~har'd with but lhttle delay, though
hey fought stubbornly. We were
hen on the crest of Sem inarny Ridge.
L'ho artillery wvas brought iorwar'd
L.d put into position at the peach or
>rchard. The infantr'y swept downi
hte slope and sooni reached the
marshy ground that lay between
Beminary and Cemetery Ridges,
fighting their way over every foot of
ground and against overwhelning
odds. At every step we found that
reinforcements were pouring into the
Federals from every side. Nothing
could stop my mien, however, and
they comnmenced tneir h eroic charge
upon the side of Cemetery Ridge.
Our attack was to progress in the
gener'al direction of the E'umettsburg
road, but the Federal troops, as they
were forced from point to point
availing themselves of' the stone fen,
ces and boulders near tl-e mountains
as rally ing points, co annoyed our
right flank that Gen. flood's division
was obliged to make a partial change
of front so as to relieve itself of this
galling flank fire. 'This drew Gen.
McLaw's a little further to the right
thanm Gen. Lee haid anticipated, so
that the defensivo advantages of the
ground enabled the Federals to doe,
lay onr p)urpose until they could oc
cnny Little Round Top. which the
just then discovered was the key to
their position. The force thrown up
on the point was so strong as to seize
our rig%t, as it were, in a vise.
TUHE CHAUGE UP CEMETERY RIDGE,
Still the battles on our main line
continued to progress. The situa
tion was a critical one. My corps
had been fighting over an hour, hav
ing encountered and driven back line
after line of the enemy. In front of
them was a high and rugged ridge,
on its crest the bulk of the army of
the Potomac, numbering six to one,
and securely resting behind strong
posit ions. My bravo fellows never
besitated, however. Their duty was
in front of them, and they met it.
They charged up the hill in splendid
style, sweeping eyerything before
them; dislodging the enemy in the
face (f a withering fire. When they
had fairly started up the second ridge
I discovered that they were suffering
terribly from a fire that swept over
their right rnd left flanks. I also
round that my left flank was not pro
lected by the brigades that were to
move en echelon with it. McLaw's
line was consequently spread out to
the left to protect,.its flank from the
3weeping fire of the large*bodies of
troops that were posted on Round
rop. These two movements of ex
tension so drowi my forces out that I
Found myself attacking Cemetery
Hill with a single line of battle
against not hias than 50,000 troops.
My two divisions at that time were
cut down to eight or nine thousand
men, fo"r thousand having been
kill%d or wounded. We felt at every
step the heavy stioke of fresh troops
-the sturdy, regular blow that tells
ia soldier instantly that he has en
countered reserves or reinforceieurs
We received no support at all, ad
there was no evidoicu of co-opera
tion on any side. To u-go my invi
forward under these circumstances
would have been inidiess, and I
withdrew thei in good order to the
peach orchard that we hand taken
rromn the Federals early in the after
noon.- It may be mentioned~ here
Lts illustrative of the dauntless spirit
At these men that when G3n. Ilum
phreys, of Mississippi, was ordered
to withdraw his troops from the
ohar'ge hie thought there were some
mistake, and retired to a captured
battery near the swale between the
two ridges, where he hilted, and
when ordered to retire to the new
line a second time he did so under
protest. Our men had no thought
of retreat. They broke ever'y line
they encountered. When the order
to withdraw was given a courier was
sent to Gen. Lee informing him of
the result of the day's work.
A MARVELLOUs AssAULT.
Before e pursning this narrative
further, I shall say a wvord or t wo
concerning this assault. I am eat is
tied that my force, numbering hard
ly 13,000 men, encountered duiring~
that three and a half hours of bloody
wvork not less than 65,000 of the
Federals, and yet their charges was
not checked nor their line brokeni
until we order ed them to withdraw.
I found that might that 4,539 of my
men, more than one third of' their
total number had been left on the
field. Ilistory recor'ds no parallel
to the fight by these two divisions
on the 2d of July at Gettysburg.
EwELL's INACTION.
It may be imagined that I was as
ton)ishetd at the fact that we received
no supp)ort after we had driven the
Federals from the peach orchard
and 1,000 yards beyond. It General
Ewell had engaged the enemy in his
front at that time (say 4 o'eIek) he
would have prevented their massing
their whole army in my front, anid
while he and I kept their two wings
engaged Hill would have found their
contre weak, and should have threat.
cned it while I broke through their
loft and dislodged them. llaving
failed to move at 4 o'clock, while the
enemy was in his front, it was atill
more surprising that lie did not ad
vance at 5 o'cloqk with vigor and
promptness when the trenches in
front of him were vacated, or rather
held by one single brigade, (as Gen.
Meade's testimony before the con
mittee on the conduct of the war
states.) Had lie taken these trenches
and scattered the brigade that held
theni, lie would have f,und himself
in tbo Federals flank and rear. His
attack in the rear must have dis
lodged the Federals, as it would
have been totally unexpected-it
being believed that he was in front
with me. Hill charging upon the
centre at the same time would have
increased their disorder, and we
should have won the field.
GEN. LEE's DETERMINATIoN.
I did not see Gen. Lee that night.
On the next morning he came to see
me, and fearing that be was still in
his disposition to attack, I tried to
anticipate him by saying: "General,
I have had my scouts out all night,
and I find that you still have an ex
nellent opportunity to move around
to the right of Meade's army and
manmuvre him into attacking us."
He replied, pointing with his finger
at Cemetery Hill: "The enemy is
there, and I am going to strike him."
I felt then that it was my duty to
express my conviction. I said: "Gen
3ral, I have been a soldier all my
life. I have been with soldiers en
gaged in fights by couples, by squads,
culipanies, regiments, divisions and
armies, and should know as well as
any one what soldiers .can do. It is
my opinion that no fifteen thousand
men ever arrayed fur battle can take
that position," pointing to Cemetery
IIill. Gen. Leo, in reply to this,
ordered me to prepare Picket's di
vision for the attack. I should not
have been as urgent had I not fore
seen the hopelessness of the proposed
a6ssault. I felt that I must say a
word against the sacrifice of my
meon; amid then I felt that my record
was such that Gen. Lee would or
could not misconstrue my motives
I said no mnore, h owever, bum, turnied
away. Thie most ot the mnornitg wams
consumed in waiting for Pickett's
men and get ting into position. The
plant of assault was as follows: Our
artillery was to be massed in a wood
from which Pickett was to charge,
and it was to pour a continuous fire
upon the Cemetery. Under cover of
this fire and sup)ported by it Pickett
was to charge.
Our artillery was in charge of
Geni. E P. Alexander, a brave and
gifted officer. I had instructed Gen.
Alexander, being uinwilling to trust
myself with the ent ire resp)onsibility,
to carefully observe the effect of theo
fire upon01 the enemy, and when it
began to tell to notify Pickett to be
gin the assault.
PICKtiETI"s Ch ARG E.
The cannouading wvhich opened
along both lines was grand. Ini a
few mnmnts a courier brought a
niote to G~JAural i 1EKf, wvho was
standing uiear me, which, ftr read-.
ing, he handed to me. It wa~s as fol
lows: "if you are coming at all you
must come at once, or I cannot give
you proper support; b)ut thme enemy's8
fire has not slackened at all; at least
eighteen guns ate still firing from
the Cemetery itselfI."
A f er' I had read the note Pickett
sai to me: "Ge neral, shall I ad.
vance?" My felig had., so o ver come
me that I would not speak for fear'
of betraying my want of confidence
to him. I bowed affirmation, and
turned to mount my horse. Pickett
immediately said: "I shall lead my
division forward, sir." I spurred
my horse to the wood where Alexan
der was stationed with artillery.--..
When I reached him he told me of
the disappearance of the seven guns
which were to have kd the carge.
with Pickett, and that his aminunis
tion was so low that he could not
properly support the charge. I at
once ordered him to stop Pickett
until the ammunition had been re
plenished. Ile infomed me that he
had no ammuniti<m with which to
replenish. 1 then saw that there
was no help for it, and that Pickelt
must advarce under his orders. He
swept past our artillery in splendid
style, and the men marched steadily
and compactly down the slope. As
they started up the ridge over one
hundred cannon from the breast
works of the Federals hurled a rain
Dfcannister, grape and shell down
upon them; still they pressed on un
til half way up the slope, when the
rrest of the hill w'as lit with a solid
sheet of flamo as the mnasees of the
infantry rose and fired. When the
smoke cleared away, Pickett's di
vison was gone. Nearly two thirds
if his men men lay dead on the field,
and the survivors were sullenly re
treating down the hill. Mortal n' i
"ould not have stood the file. 0n
balf an liour the contested field m as
3leared, and the battle of Gettysburg
was over.
VIRGINIA BATrLu FIELDs-The bat
le fields around Richmond are quiet
meadows, reclaimed by nature with
few signs ot the days of "blood an-d
iron." At Cold Harbor, Fair Oaks,
Seven Pine3 and Malvern Hill one
sees little to remind him of the ter
rible scenes enacted there twelve or
lifteen years ago. In the woods and
on hillsides and river bluffs in the
Peninsula, where no attempt has
been made to cultivate the land,
sloping earthworks are still to ba
seen, but elsewhere the entrench
nents havo been leveled. Below
Petersburg there are few traces even
of the formidable fortifications. The
Crater and the fields around it are
owned by Mr. Griffiths, who was
born close by, and was in Peters
burg whein the mine was fire.]. ie
has built a house near' the Crater
and has bis father's f.a'rm under ex
cellent cub ivation. The Crater itself
has been left almost untouiched, and
a thick underbrmush& f l-each trees
and sprouts has sprung up f'romn the
pits thrown away by the soldiers
during the siege. The ravine where
the dead lay in great heaps on
that terrible n'ming hats been
brought under the p)low year after
year, until no0W only a slight de
pression in the field Can be pointed
out. The visitor has to pay twenty
cents for a glimpse of the Crater and
the interior of a shted stocked with
battle relics.
Tm r EL1scTroN Yk 'rJIDaYn- Of
course the election p)assed off quietly,
there being no opposition to the two
Democratic candidates for the Sen
ate and House; the only i[nstan)ce
worthy of note being the jocular offer
of one of the most uncomlpromnising
Democrats in the State-a regular'
"de-ntewo, "pizeni" sort of
a fellow-to vote for Nashi at the
secon d u' ard poll. iIe wvas cou rte
onsly informed by tihe mfanaiger thait
he was not authorized fo receive
votes for dead men; when the appli
cant for th'e right of suffrage puIt his
ballot in for Kinsler and [laskell and
departed, to all appiearances happy.
The vote may be summed up as fol
lows: John L1. Kinsler, for' Benator,
unaniariously elected. John C. IIas
kell, for Representative, ditto.-Re
gister, 21st.
The only safe w~ay to dress golden
hair, and to prevent its turning dark.
or, is to use no oils or p)atent mnix,
tures of any kind; wash it frequently
at least twice & w"eek; never use stap
of anuy kind, use fresh eggs instead;
rub them wvell in tile hair, whites and
yolks, then rinse it out in warm was
ter made soft with p)owdered borax;
brushi it frequently to make it gloss.
The Value of Printers' Ink
It is not only, as the poet says,
pleasant to see one's name in print,
but it is withal profitable, as is at
tested by the experience of all sys
tematic advertisers. A striking
illnstration of this fact has just come
under our own observation in an a
thentic c-mniunication from one of
the largest, if not actually the largest
advertiser, tlie country can boast.
And since he has ever been such a
faithful patron of priiters' ink, we
don't begrndge him the publicity
which 011r assertion of his communi
cation can at'ord. Mr. 1olloway
of pill notoriety- f )r it is to hiu we
refer-wi ites: "The 15.,h October,
1837, was the first day that my ad
vertisement. appeared in tiny paper.
My pills and ointments for a consid
orable time obtained litl lo or no favor.
It was my rule from the commence.
ment to spend judiciously the money
I could spare in publicity, which
went on increasing, ald in the year
1842 I (xpended X5,000 in adver
tising. Thim rolled on, and froin the
hitiherto uthought of yeatrly o()jjlay
of ?5,000 I increased it to R10,000 in
the year 1845. At the time of the
Great Exhibition in London in 1851
my expenditure was ?20,000, in the
year 1855 it had risen to 230,000;
and in the present year (1877) it has
reached ?40,000, in advertising Iny
medicines in every availabl manner
throughout the gl(be. Fur tLe prop.
er application of their use I have had
ample directions translated into near.
ly eveiy known tongue-such as
Chinese, Turkish, Armenian, Arabic,
Sanskrit, and most of the vernacui
lars of India, and all the languages
spoken on the European continent."
Any comient as to the value of syss
tematic and uninterinitting advertis
iung is rendered needless by these
facts, which point their own moral.
-Printing Times and Lithographer.
JosIZ BiLLNSir ON PRAYER.- From
tu many friends and from things at
luco ends, good Lord deliver us.
From a wifo who don't luv us, and
from children that don't look like us,
good Lord deliver us.
From snaix in the grss and from
snaix in boots, from torchlight -pros
cessions, and1 all now rum, godLord
deliver us.
From Pack peddlers, young folks
in luv, from old aunts without any
money, from kolcramorbus, good Lord
deliver us.
From weoalth without chiari tee, from
pridoe without sense, from pedligr'oo
worn out, andl from all rich relations,
good Lord deliver us.
From virtue without fragranco,
from butt er that smells, and from kcatFl
that aro kourtiing, good Lord deliver
us,
From old folks sek rets, and fromi
our own, from mediums and women1
committees, good Lord decliver' us.
From polyticians who pra, andI
saints who tipplo, from wry coili, redi
horrins and all grass wviddeis, good
Lord deliver us.
From folks who won't laff, atj(i
from tito butes, casy sirtue, ram mnut
ton, good Lord deliver us.
Thle following directions, carefully
observed, will prevent those cutien,.
lar and osseous abominations knowni
as felons. As soon as the disease is
felt, put directly over the spot a fly
blister, about the size of your thlumb
nail, and let it remain for six hours,
at the expiration of which time, di
rectly undler the surface of the blis
ter may be seen the felon, which can~
instantly be taken out with the point
of a needle or lancet.
An Eastern doctor has discovered~
that biaa:bonate of soda sprin -j
on a burn and wrapped with~ m~1oii
rag is a sovereign cure aid ai( instamt
destroyer of pain, Ie demnf4'st rated
it by publicly scalding lais, acrmn anid
applving the remedy. .