Keowee courier. (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, May 17, 1905, Image 2
JACKSON'S BR.
Heretofore Unpublished J
Alabama Campaign
It is not, perhaps, unnatual in tho
people of this day, so lately removed
from the scenes of the greatest war
of the world, to look with some in
difference upon the results of fot mer
wars and former battles which pre- j
ceded the war between the .States of j
1SG1-G5, and underrate their import- j
ance. They did not regard with
proper admiration the campaign oil
Gen. Winfield Stott from Vera Cruz
to the City of Mexico, which was, in
fact, up to that period, unexcelled hy
any campaign in brilliancy, heroic
achievement and masterful strategy ;
or to the hattie of New Orlear. i, won
by Gen. Jackson, with untrained am)
undisciplined riflemen, against a
splendid, well-equipped British army,
which has never been excelled for its
unparalleled success by that of any
armies recorded in history. Yet the
greater numbers engaged, and the
greater losses on both sides in tho
the civil war have tended to make us
look upon these and other battles
which preceded them as of compara
tively small moment.
The true test in all such matt ors is
what was achieved, and not what was
the strength of the armies engaged.
I propose in this paper to write of
a battle but little hoard of in this
day, which wa8 not only a great
military victory, but the results of
which were far-reaching and of great
importance to people of this coun
try. This was the battle of Toho
peka, the Indian name, or the Horse
shoe, or Horseshoe Bend, won by
(-Jen. Andrew Jackson over the Creek
Indians, in the bend of the Talla
poosa river, in AlaSaraa, on the 27th
day of rtMarch, 1814, the details of
which I do not think are familiar
even to the average well read per
son. This is not singular, as I have
failed to find mention of this import
ant event in sonic of the leading en
cyclopedias, which are presumed to
give accurate accounts of, at least,
leading events of thc history of the
country, nor in some of the popular
histories which I have consulted. It
is true that some few of the latter
^iake meagre mention of the event,
but pass it over as a matter of small
importance.
The Creek Indians were properly
the Muskhogean8, or swamp dwellers,
and formerly occupied almost all of
the territory of Mississippi and
Alabama, and large portions of
Georgia, Florida and South Carolina.
During the seventeenth century
the Spanish colonists had several
contests with the Creeks on the Tal
lapoosa river. The Creeks were
finally subjugated. The Fren oh set
tled about the mouth of the Missis
sippi river, and English pioneers on
the shores of the Atlantic. These
Indians, known to them as the Chile*
asaws, afterwards ceded their terri
tories to the English in 1763. Trou
bles, however, continued.
The great uprising of the Creek
Indians, in 1812-14, was instigated
hy the British and Tecumseh.
Near the close of the year 1813
the American settlements in what
was known as the Mississippi terri
tory, were comprised in threa por
tions of that country. In the
Natchez district there were about
20,000 persons ; in the eastern or
Tombigbie settlements, which in
cluded the annexed portion of
Florida, near Mobile Bay, there were
about 7,000 persons, which also in
clnded a settlement west of Amite of
a population of about 5,000. Thc j
.-hird settlement was in the great j
bend of the Tennessee river, and had <
a population of about 8,000. This
territory was also the home of five
powerful tribes of Indians, among
whom the Creeks, who were a brave
and war-Uko people.
Thc Creeks, as a nation, for many
years ander Spanish influence, had
shown hostility to the American
settlers, yet, after occupation of
Louisiana by the United States, they
had made treaties of friendship.
Soon after the beginning of the war
of 1812 with Great Britain, emissaries
were dispatched by that government
to the chiefs and head men of the
Creek nation to excite them to an
insurrection against tho Americans.
The beginning of this movement was
the sending of Tecumseh by the
Canadian authorities to unite all of the
Indian tribes south of the Obie into
a league with those of the North for
A.VE SOLDIERS.
Account of the Strenuous
Against The Creeks.
a general war with the United States.
The Creek Indians, inspired and en
couraged by their powerful allies,
commenced depredations on the
whites. On the 30tb of August they
Appeared before Fort Miine, where,
beside the families which had taken 1
refuge there, more than 250 persons
were massacred In thc fort. On the
18th of the following December Gen. i
Claiborne, with 1,000 men, some of
whom were friendly Choctaw In
dians, under Chief PuBhmataha, at
tacked the Creeks under Mathers
ford, at Eccananacha,or Holy Ground,
and defeated them.
Gen. Andrew Jackson, who was
major general of the Tennessee mili
tia, moved on the 10th of Octobor j
from Huntsville, Ala., with '2,000
troops. He attacked thc Creeks on'
Tallahatchee creek, near the Coosa 1
river, and defeated them, and they
fled, leaving 18G warriors dead on
the field, and 84 were taken prison
ers. The loss of the Tennesseeans
under Jackson was ? killed and 41
wounded.
The next engagement was near
Talladega, where Jackson had a force
of 1,200 infantry and 800 mounted
riflemen. The Indian forces were
about 1,000. The battle was fiercely
fought on both sides and continued
for two hours. The Indians icut 300
dead on the field, while Jackson's
IOBS was 15 killed and 85 wounded.
This battle terminated the first cam
paign of the Tennessee troops against
the Iudians.
The hostile Creeks now concen
trated all of their available forces at
the Horseshoe Bend of the Tennes
see river, and some minor engage
ments occurred before the hattie of
the Horseshoe.
Karly in March, 1814, Gen. Jack
son was appointed a major general
of the United States Army, and was
reinforced by the Thirty-ninth regi
ment of United States Infantry,
under command o! Col. John Wil
liams. In the meantime a number
of Choctaws from the Tombigbee
and Black Warrior and some Choc
taws and a few friendly Creeks had
joined Gen. Jackson. Jackson moved
on their fortified position on the 27th
of March, and commenced the at
tack. The battle lasted five hours.
Gen. Jackson's report of the battle
was made to Governor Willie Blount,
of Tenuessee, and is on file in the
archives of the historical society of
that State, at Nashville. Following
are extracts from that report, dated
March 31, 1814:
" * * * I reached the bend of
the Tallapooea, three miles beyond
where I had the engagements of the
January 22, and at the Southern
extremity of Newyonga, on the
morning of the 27th. This bend re
sembles in its curvature that of a
horseshoe, and is hence called by
that name among thc whites. Nature
furnishes few situations so eligible
for defense ; and barbarians have
never rendered one more secure by
art. Across the neck of land which
loads into it from the North they had
erected a breastwork of the greatest
compactness and strength, from 5 to
8 feet high, and prepared with double
rows of portholes, very artfully ar
ranged. The figure of this wall mani
fested no less skill in the projectors
of it than its construction. An army
could not approach it without being
exposed to double and cross fire from
the enemy,who lay in perfect security
behind it. The area of the peninsula
thus bounded by the breastworks in
cludes, I conjecture, 80 or 100 acres.
"In this bend the warriors from
Oakfurkee, Oakchaya, Newyonga,
Hillabecca, the Fish Pond and Eu?
fania towns, apprised of our ap
proach, had collected their strengt'
Their exact number cannot be asce.
taincd, but it is said by tho prisoners
wc have taken to have been a thou
sand. It is certain they were very
numerous, and that, relying with the
utmost confidence upon their
strength, their Bitnation and the as
surance of their prophets, they cal
culated on repulsing us with great
ease.
"Karly on the morning of the 27th,
having encamped the preceding night
at the distance of six miles from
them, I detached Gen. Coffee, with
the mounted men and nearly the
whole of the Indian force, to pass
the river at a good ford about three
miles below the encampment and to
surround the bend in such a manner
that none of them should esoape by
attempting to cross the river. With
the remaiudor of the forces I pro
ceeded along the point of tho land
which leads to .the front of their
breastworks, and at 1U.30 o'clock a.
m., I had planted my artillery on a
small eminence, distant from its
nearest point about 80 yards, and
from ita farthest point about 250,
from whence 1 immediately opened
a brisk tire upon its center with mus
ketry and rilles, and kept up a gall
ing lire whenever the enemy showed
themselves bebiud their works or
ventured to approach them. This
was continued, with occasional inter
mission!', for about two hours, when
Capt. liussell's company of spies and
a part of the Cherokee force, headed
by their gallant chieftain, Col. Kirb
an! Brown, and conducted by the
brave Col. Morgan, crossed over to
the extremity of the peninsula in
cauoes and set fire to a few of the
buildings which were there situated.
They then advanced with great gal
"antry toward the breastworks and
commenced firing upon the enemy,
who lay behind it. Finding that the
force, notwithstanding the deter
mined bravery they displayed, was
wholly insufficient to dislodge the
enemy, and that Gen. Coffee had se
cured the opposite bank of the river,
I now determined upon taking pos
session of their works by storm.
Never were men better disposed for
such an undertaking than those by
whom it was to be effected. They
had entreated to be led to the charge
with the most pressing importunity,
and received the order which was
now given with the strongest dem
onstrations of joy.
"The effect was such as this temper
of mind foretold. The regular
troops, led on by their intrepid
and skillful commander, Col. Wil
liams, and by the gallant Major
Montgomery, were presently in pos
session of the nearest side of the
breastworks, and the militia accom
panied them in ihe charge with a
vivacity and firmness which could
not have been exceeded, and haf
seldom been equaled by troops ol
any description.
"A few companies of Gen
Dohoritys brigade, on the right
were led cn with great gallantry bj
Col. Buuch ; the advance guard bj
the adjutant general, and the left ex
tremity of the line by Capt. Gordon
of tho Spies, and Capt. McMurry, o'
General Johnson's brigade of Wesi
Tennessee militia. Ilaviug main
tained for a few minutes a verj
obstinate contest, muzzle to muzzle
through the portholes, in which
many of the enemies bullets wert
welded to the bayonets of our mus
kets, our troops succeeded in gaining
possession of the opposite side o
the works. The event could n<
longer be doubtful. The enemy, al
though many of them fought to th<
last with that kind of bravery wbiol
desperation inspires, were at lengtt
routed and cut to pieces. Thi
whole margin of the river whicl
surrounded the peninsula was strewe<
with the slain. Five hundred an<
fifty-seven were found by officers o
great respectability, whom I had or
dered to count them ; besides a ver;
great number were thrown into th
river by their surviving friends, un<
One Bold ami Hnotnei
The season's first cole
may be slight-may yielc
to early treatment, but the
next cold will hang or
longer; it will be mon
troublesome, too. U n
necessary to take chance;
on that second one. Scott':
Emulsion is a preventive
as well as a cure. Tak(
SCOTT'S EjnULSIOJi
when colds abound anc
you'll have no cold. Take i
when the cold is contract?e
and it checks inflamma
tion, heals the membrane!
of the throat and lung!
and drives the cold out.
Send for free sample.
SCOTT & BOWNE, Chemist -
408-415 Purl Street. New Teri
?Oe. ?nd f 1.00 - - . Alldruggltta
Keep in
Hardwai
WE H AVK "THE GOODS at
your neighbor whore to gi
MATH
AU our customers are our frieudi
you. We give you a few items o
JZ> JZ? JZ?
Window Sash and Doors,
Tai ut?, Oils aud Lead,
JJuggie8 aud Wagons,
H.II li.'SS.
Ice C
Scree
liam
Stove
CAI
S
MATHESi
W
killed in attempting to pass by
Gen. Coffee's men, stationed on the
opposite bank.
it* ? . j d0 not know the exact
number of prisoners taken, but it
must exceed 300, all women and
children, except three or four. The
battle may be said to have continued
with severity for about five hours,
but the firing and the slaughter con
tinued until it was suspended by the
darkness of the night. The next
morning it was resumed, and sixteen
of the enemy slain who bad con
cealed themselves under tho banks.
Our I068 was twenty-six men killed
and 107 wounded ; friendly Creeks,
rive killed and eleven wounded."
The thirty-ninth regiment of in
fantry commanded by Gen. John
Williams, had as lieutenants Sam
Houston and Benjamin Wright. The
latter was just behind Major Mont
gomery when he was killed and was
the first man to mount the ramparts.
Houston received a wound in. the
right shoulder from an Indian arrow,
which gave him pain Uti his life.
The result of this battle was to
forever destroy the power of the
Creek Indians, who had proved such
formidable and determined foes.
William Weatherford, chief of
the Creek Indians, who commanded
the Indians in Alabama, was boru in
1770, and died in 1824. His father
was a white trader and his mother a
Seminole or Creek Indian. On the
14th of April, 1814, he voluntarily
surrendered to Gen. Jackson, and, on
making his surrender, said :
"I am in your power. Do with me
as you please, I am a soldier. I have
done the white man all the harm I
could. I 'have fought them, and
fought them bravely. If I had an
army I would yet light, and contend
to the last, but I have none. My
people are all gone ; my warners can
no longer here my voice. Their
bones are at Talladega, Tallasa
batchee, Emmuckfaw and Tohopeka.
I have-not surrendered myself
thoughtlessly. Whilst there were
chances for success I never left my
post nor supplicated peace. But my
people arc gone and now I ask it for
myself and for my nation. Thc women
and the children of the war party
who arc now starving in the woods
call for peace."
There was a crowd around Gen.
Jackson's tent who had listened to the
speech, and some cried out, "Kill
bim !" Gen. Jackson, in his peculiar,
imperious manner, waved his band
and said : "Any man who would
kill as brave a man as this would tob
the dead."
Weatherford lived for many years
on his plantation on Little Hun, in
Monroe county Alabama, and re
tained the respect of the white peo
ple.-Marcus J. Wright, in New Or
leans Picayune.
Comptroller General Jones will in
a few days send out the checks for
State pensions.^The State Treasu
rer has borrowed $200,000 for the
purpose of meeting the pension pay
ments. The State Treasurer in ad
dition had on hand on May 1 $161,?
948. The State is quite Hush just
now with its accumulation of bor
rowed money.
The city of Columbia on Tuesday
of last week voted to issue $400,
000 worth of bonds with which to
pay for a new water-works system.
The vote waa very light, being 141
for the bonds and 14 against.
Touch i
IF IT IS
e or Building j
prices that cauuot ho touched by any of
et tbe best pricos oa HARDWARE, otc, at
IESON, AT WESTMIN.
j. Get prices elsewhere-then come to us
ut of our immense stock that we are gciug
THE NEXT 30 DAYS
ream Freezers,
m Doors aud Windows,
mocks, Irou Beds,
is and Ranges.
Keystone We
Little Joe H:i
Stapler Culti
Cotton Plant
LL AND BE CONVINC
ON HARDV
ESTMINSTER, S. C.
THE STATE PENSIONS.
Problem Getting to be a Serious One lor the
State-The Payments.
[Columbia Record, May ll.]
Despite the fact that there were
517 deaths during the year of those
on the pension rolls, there was a net
increase of 247, showing that nearly
800 names had been added to the
rolls. The Comptroller General thiB
morning issued an interesting state
ment of the pensions by counties and
showed the distribution of each.
There is a change in the law which
makes each Clerk of Court return
funds not distributed for any reason,
and this money now goes back into
the general fund, whereas it formerly
went into the pension fund of the
following year. Last year $6,600
went back to the State Treasurer.
The statement is as follows :
Number of pensioners on the roll
in 1905, as compared with 1904,
showing increase and decrease by
classes :
1004 1005
Class A. 67 74
Class B._ 202 102
Class C, No. 1. :>73 5S3
Class C, No. 2 . 4,020 4,002
Class C, No. 3. 728 750
ClassC, No. 4 . 2,054 3,124
The above classes cover soldiers,
4,862 in 1904, and in 1905 4,911, i
increase of 49.
Total number of widows on roll,
1904, 3,682, and in 19C5 3,880, show
ing an increase of widows drawing
pensions of 198.
Paid expenses :
Pensions.$100,583 00
Joiut resolutions and legisla
tivo expenses. 84 00
Expenses of State Board. 110 00
I Stationery aud stamps. 102 35
County Board and Commis
sioners. 2,342 30
Salary Pension Clerk. 600 00
Balance m hand. 160 35
Total.$200,000 00
The roll of 1904, as compared
with 1905, is as follows :
Roll 1004 . 8,544
New names added 1005 . 829
0,373
I^ss those who died in 1004 . 517
Less those off from other cannu s 65
- 582
Roll of 1005 . 8,791
Net increase. 247
The sovereigns of Europe have reve
nues as follows: Czar of Russia, $12,
000,000; Sultan of Turkey, $7,500,000;
Emperor of Germauy $3,800,000; Em
peror of Austria and King of Hungary,
$3,700,000; King of Italy, $3,210.000;
King of Great Britain, $2,600,000; King
of Bavaria. $1,400,000; King of Spain,
$1.4CO,000; King of the Belgians, $700,
000; King of Saxony, $735,000; King of
Portugal, $526,000: King of Wurtomburg,
$400,000; King of Greece. $200,000; Queen
of Holland, $240,000; King of Servia,
$210,000; King of Roumania, $237,000.
DR. WOOLLEY'S
OPIUM and WHISKEY
ANTIDOTE
Will Cure Permanently at Your Own Home.
T. M. Brown, of DeQueen, Ark., says; "Over
teven years ago I was cured of the opium habit
by your medicine, and have continued In tho
very bett of health ."tinco."
W. M. Tunstall, of Livingston, Yu., say?: "I
am nl:i<l to say that I (Irmly believe tbat I am
entirely and permanently cured of the drink
habit, as I have never even so much an wunted
a drink in any form llnoc I took your eradicator,
now 18 months ago. lt was thu ?-? - t money I
ever invested."
Mrs. Virginia Townsend, of Shreveport, ??a.,
writes: "No moro opium, I have taken no other
remedv than your?, and I make no mistake when
I say that my health ia tatter now than lt ever
life, an "
waa in my life, and I owe it to you and your
remedy. It han hoon twelve years since I waa
cured hy your treatment."
Dr. Woolley bah thousands of such testimo
nials, with permission to use them. A treat
ment with so many recommendations from phy
sicians and cured patients must he good.
Dr. Woollry'n Anioiotr has imitators (aa
all good articles have)-perhaps you have tried
soiuo of them-hut there In nothing Uko Wool
ley's. It has stood the test of thirty years. No
man or woman who uses opium or whiskey in
any form, or vho has friends so aallctcd, should
hesitate to write to
DIL B. H. WOOLLEY,
1O0 North Pryor St P. O. Box No. 307,
Atlanta, Georgia,
for his book on these diseases, which he will send
F KKK AND CONKIDKNTI Al,.
Material.
our so-called competitors. Ask
id see if ho does uot refer you to
STER.
prepored to take tho goods with
to make special prices on during
JZ? j?/ JZ?
eders,
irrows,
vators,
ors.
Calf Muzzles,
Grazing Chains,
Bicycles and
Bicycle Sundries.
ET>.
VARE CO
An Intelligent Oog.
A story is told illustrative of the
intelligence of the Scotoh shepherd
dog, the collie. A purpose on the
part of the master was to prove the
value of his dog. He was lying be
fore the fire in-the house, where, with
the family present, convocation waa
proceeding. In the middle of a sen
tence concerning something else, the
master said : "I'm thinking, sir, the
cow is in the potatoes."
The account goes on to tell tbat
"the dog, which appeared to be
asleep, immediately jumped up, and,
leaping through tho open window,
scrambled up the roof of the house,
where he could see the potato field.
"He then, not seeing the cow, ran
and looked into the byre, where she
was, and finding that all was right,
came back to the house.
"The owner, a shepherd, said again
what be did at the outset, when the
dog once more made his patrol. But
when a third attempt was made, the
dog got up, looked full at his master,
who laughed. Then the sensible
animal gave a little friendly growl
and curled up by the fire."
The "Lazy" Microbe.
A learned professor claims to have dis
covered that "laziness" is caused by a
gorm. If the eminent doctor is right,
Rydale's Livor Tableta can rightly be
termed Microbo Killers, because they al
ways romove that tired, lazy, sluggish
feeling that has usually been attributed
to a torpid liter or constipated bowels.
Rydale's Liver Tablets aro guaranteed lo
euro constipation and all liver disorders.
They aro small, compressed chocolate
coated tablets, easy to take, pleasant in
effect, reliable. Any dealer in our reme
dies will return your money if you are
not satisfied with these tablets. 50 tab
lets 25 cents. Walhalla Drug Company.
Willing lo Compromise.
The poor but honest young man
had bearded the millionaire in his den.
"Sir," he said, "I want to marry
I your daughter."
"Impossible, sir, impossible," ex
claimed the old man. "Why I would
rather give np every dollar I have
than part with my only daughter."
"Oh, very well," calmly rejoined
the diplomatic youth. "If that's the
way yon feel about it, I won't be too
heavy on you. Just write me out a
check for half a million and we'll let
it go at that."-Chioago News.
VERY LOW EXCURSION RATES,
BY SOUTHERN RAILWAY,
To the Following l'oint s :
St. Louis, Mo.-National Baptist Anni
versary, May 16-24, 1906. Bate, one first
class farOi pius 25 conto, for round trip.
Tickets on salo May 14, 15, 10, with final
limit May 27th, 1005.
Asheville, N. C.-South Atlantic Mis
sionary Conference, May 17-21, 1005.
Rate, one first-class fare, plus 25 cents,
for tho round trip. Tickets on sale May
10th and 17th; final limit May 28d, 1005.
Fort Worth, Tozas-General Assembly
Southern Presbyterian Church, May 18-26
1005. Rate, one first-class faro, plua
?2.00, for round trip. Tickets on sale
May 15, 10, 17; final limit May 31st, 1005.
Toronto, Ont.-International Sunday
School Association, Juno 20-27, 1005.
Rato, ono first-class fare, plus 50 conts,
for round trip. Tickots on sale Juno 10,
20, 22, 23, 1005; limited June 30th, 1005.
Hot Springs, Va.-Southern Hardware
Jobbers' Association, June 0-0, 1005.
Rato, one first-class fare, plus 25 cents,
for round trip. utt'iokots ou sale June 3,
4, 5; final limit June 13th, 1005.
Savannah, Ga.-National Travolers'
Protective Association of America. May
10-23, liK)5. Rato, ono first-class fare,
pl ns 50 cents, for round trip. Tickets on
sale May 18tb and 14th; Anal limit May
20th, loo:..
Tho Southern Railway is tho most
diroot line to all of the above pointa,
operating Pullmnn sleeping cars, high
back vestibule coaches, with Buperb din
ing car service. For detailed information
apply to any ticket agent of this com
pany, or R. W. HUNT. D. P. A.,
Charleston, S. C.