Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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BY KEITH, SMITH & CO. WALHALLA, SOUTH CAROLINA, THURSDAY, APRIL 15, IN80. il [I NIGHT THE.DAY, THOU CANS'T NOT THEN BE FALSE TO ANY MAN. VOLUME XXXI.-NO. 22. H'rom mo unaricstun INeWs and Courier ] I COTTON MILLS IN CARO-1 LINA. I Their Number, Pi?oiluctioii ami Profits, JL Steady Increase -in the Value of Their ?.Capital-Thc Annual Profits Ranging Jrom 18 to 50 per cent.- The Advan tages Over Northern Mills- Ten Thou sand Persons Employed, or Supported -An Almost Unlimited Field for the ?Lucrative Employment of Home and Foreign Capital. ' Tile Ci-nwfoa'dNvlllo Maiiiiractu r I li li -Company. This is a sraill but well arranged faotory, ond is located 8 miles West of thu town of .Sparta aburg, on tho Middle Tiper River. It is owocd by W. L Morgan Brothers and Co, aud tho entire property, iiioluding "800 acres of cultivated lund and a gin, is valued ut $?30,000. Tho company was organized in 1870. Tho fuotory rum* 880 spindles, aud muuufaolttres 8, 9 and 10 yarns, lt also hus 12 looms which uro not now used. Twolvo operatives, all white, ore otnploycd ut HU average ot* 33] cents per day, aud 120 persons aro ull dependent upon thc factory for II support Residences aro furnished, rent free, to tho operatives by tho 00 tu pu ny. Tho factory consumes 300 pounds of raw cotlou per day, aud produces 285 pounds of yarn per day. "Thc foroo of thc stream is 100 horse power, '5 horse power of whioh is nscd with a La fe 11*8 Turbine wheel, nod with u fall of 17 feet. Tho ruuning time is ll hours a duy Thc muohincry is all American and ia in very good condition. ?"NY II AT DOES THIS LITTLE I'ACTOUY TAY?" I askod Mr. \V. L. Morgan, tho senior member of thc Grui. .'It pays 25 per cent, on tho capital invested. It would pay moro if wo had new machinery und had more capacity. Wo propose to enlargo tho factory very shortly to a capacity of 1,000 pounds ot vum per day. Wc ecll our gouda here und lo New York and Philadelphia. Wo can't ncur supply tim demand I could have ?old ull thu yarn I could make in u yeal to oo? man. Dui in g tho lust year wc were running 278? days. Wo consumed 80,030 l>OUNl>8 Ob' COTTON und produced 73,300 pounds of yarn. Out pay roll for thc year was ?1.800 30 and oui supply uccouut was y 100. Tho cost o manufacture nt this mill is 2 4-1-100 conti per pouud, a?d yarns sell for 23 cents pei pound The prospect for manufacturen ia this State is extremely promising. It it brighter than it hus been tor live years, i think with thc exemption from taxation o all new machinery u creal deal of m.pita will lind its wuy into this busiucss during tho nest (cw years. So far as THE CLEMENT ATTACHMENT ia concerned, I have never seen it but 1 don't think it will pay. Nothing big cat bo .made out of it. The expense of hand ling ??od storing tito coed cotton will bi very great ll will take experienced labu to muka good yam and oh.th that will hob its own iu thu markets, and I don't sc how such a small concern can ui?oid to pu for skilled labor." "How ubout negro labor?" I asked. 4il don't think negro labor can bo em ployed," ho said, "in connection with th white operatives,, and I don't think th negro can bo educated in tho busiucs sufficiently to make ti good operotivc." Thc factory of thc Cruwfordsvillo Manu facturing Company is u two and u half slur frame building on ti stone foundu'.ion Th company also owns another valuadlo water power at Collins1 Shoals, five miles oil whioh they claim could bo made to produc ooo .bundled horso power by au outlay c 8500. 1 think tho argument in favor of th establishment of cotton manufactories i South Carolina, which thc results of thi faotory present, is unanswerable. TwcotJ livo per cont, uta locality eight miles re moved from tho slightest vestige of ci vi lized habitation and with roads in a condi Hon just about us bad us they could wc bc. Tlio ISatcHvlllc Factor)'. This faotory has the distil.ctnlli of bein one of the old pioneers, and is of histor interoet-. During thc wara very lurge ac profitablo busiucss was curried on, or thousands of yards of thc cloth that covert thc Confederate soldiers was woven with its walls. Tho fue tory is located on Rod Crock, in Greenville County, whioh suj plies forty horso power. Tho faotory lo motley and failed. It was sold in Noven bor last and was purchased by Gcor| Putnam, of Greenville, for 88,000. It h 1,152 spindles and 50 looms. Tho open lions at presentare confined entirely to tl spinning of yarns from No. 7 to No. 1 New muohincry for thc manufacturo twisted yorns has been ordered, and will .put ?oto operation shortly. Tho consuni] tion of raw cotton is 1,200 pounds per du and tho doily production is 1,050 poun of yuro. Mr. Henry S. Putnem, a broth of tho owner, is tho Superintendent, b has only very rcoonljly taken oharj For.y operatives, all whito, aro employ nt on avorago of 38 cents a day. THE COST OF rilODUCTlON ia two and a half cents por pound. T operatives aro furnished with houses ron free Tho fuotory is a windoo frauio buil ing two aud a half stories high, and is io a tulumUo state of preservation, eoiiaidoring tho bard times it has seen. It hus been in operatic- 'or so short a timo under tho new man. ent that it. is hard to estim?te thc per ccutago of profits that havo thus iftir' boen mudo. Tho owners, howovor, o'xprois themselves us being perfectly satis fied with thc results. A. geutlrmun who has had oonsidoroblo cxperienoo in manufactures in Groonvillo County, while giving mc some information ooncerning tho llutcuvillo Faotory, ex pressed himself very positively concerning the Clement Attaobment. "l II AYR NO FAITH IN TUE MACHINE," he said, "1 think tho community are in error, and I think tho newspapers oro assuming u great deal of responsibility in giving it so much notoriety. In thc first piuco, tho men who arc ti. Icing such pro mising representations alu,ut this machine oro not munuftt' turcrs, und they cannot take into account muny of tho difficulties winch arc uppurcnt to a manufacturer. In the lirst place thc party who runs a Clement At ta'binent will have to combat the preju dice of thc planter to sell his cotton in thc seed. In tho next pltiUO, th?5 market for thc kinds of yaru that thu Clement Attich mont eau moko is limited. They don't ! claim to bc able to make any of thc higher numbers. Everything nt present is on u boom, nnd it is hardly fair to judgo its capabilities by ita results to-day. A cotton faotory whioh is not making money now had better close up at once. It is ubsurd for tho Clement Attaobment men to suy that they cannot supply tho demand when they have no production to speak of." Uiictm Vlstn Factory. Thia faotory, which lileo thc Rutesvillo, acquired considerable prominence during tho war, is now under tho cloud of a lawsuit and is not running. Tho property is situ ated on thu JOnorco Uiver, und is partly in Spartanburg und partly in Greenville Counties. Its capacity is 2,000 spindles and 40 looms Thc machinery is all old fashioned, und thc building itself is some what dilapidated, lt is nevertheless o very valuable piece of properly, 13y a recent dcorco of t io Court thc portion of the property in Greenville Comity has been ordered to bo sold shortly and thc portion in Spartanburg County is still in tho pos session of tho creditors of Lester ct Bobo, tho former owners. Tho water power under control is estimated ot 100 horse power, ntid thc entire property includes OOO seres of land. If purchased by tho right sort of men thc property can bc made vcrj valuable and productive. Cedur Hill Factor j'. This is aunt her of those little miniutun manufactories which ure so thickly crowded in between Greenville and Spartanburg und which appear lo thrive and grow rici in a region which seems utterly dcsolutl and cut oft from tho world. Tho factor j is owned by Green & Taylor, and it it looattd on the South Tiger River, in Spar tanburg County, ten miles from Greenville Tho mill is run by a 80 horso power turbin? wheel, only 20 horse power being used. I runs 800 spindles and 1G looms, and manu factures 7-8 shirting and 8, 9 and ll yarns, lt employs thirty operatives, all o whom ore white and two-thirds of whoo ure females, Mr. IL I?. Hutchins is tin Superintendent. Tho capital invested i $.10,000, which includes the value of th factory, a two and a half story frame build ing, thu hanses for tho operatives and 241 acres of land. Thg production is 1,001 yards of cloth und 150 pounds of yarn pe day. Thc average rate of AVAOES Pott SPINNERS IS 33? CENTS per day. The machinery ia American, an is partly hew. Tho consumption of rai colton is 500 pounds u day. The factor has been running nit and on for forty yeal und hus been in ohtirgo ot its presen owners for about four yours lt is bein advantageously managed, and is pay in from 20 to 25 per oent upon the cupit> invested. The steam which runs th factory hus n force of 75 horse power, un Micro is o probability that the factory wi be so enlarged us to require tho uti!izotio of the whole of it. Thc manufacturo article; is hauled in wagons ten miles I Greenville. Til?; Fork Mi o ;Us Factory. This faotory is owned by tho Sulliva Manufacturing Company, it is located c I Fork Shoals Creek, about 18 miles fro Greenville C. H., which is tho not.ro uvxihiblo depot The capital invested 825 000. It is now running 2,000 spindl und has 50 looms, whioh aro now in open lion. Tho op?rations of thc factory aro present confined to tho manufacturo ot tro G to 20 yarns. Tho force of tho stream GO horso power. Sixty-fivo white opcr tivea aro employed at an average ruto 40 cents per day for spinners. The cou pony furnishes houses for its operative rent freo and a community of 200 perso aiodcpcndont upon tho factory for supp?t Tho consumption of raw cotton is 1,01 pounds per day, and tho production 1,500 pounds of yorn per day. The facto building is constructed of rod brick and three stories high. It is comparatively now mill, and muoh of tho muohiuevy modern. Tho entire property i* valli at 830,000, and is now paying a profit from 15 to 20 per cent;. llocuy Itivci .Alamil &<j tur lng cc palsy. This is a small but remarkably woll ni i ogod and prosperous faotory, situotcd obi too miles from Greenville Court IIouso tho Reedy Rivor. Mr. J. A David is I President and Mr. Robert Wilson is t I Superintendent. Tbc capital stook paid is 847,600. Tho faotory is ruo by water estimated at 126 horso power? The oapa oity is 2,600 spindles and 78 looms. Tho consumption of raw cotton is 1,600 pounds per day, and tho production is 1,400 ; pounds por cl J y, consisting of 4,600 yards of7-8and4-4 sheeting and 300 pounds of Nos. 0, 14 und 10 yum. Sixty-five operatives aro employed aud 120 persons uro dependent upon tho facto.j ! Bupport. Tho hvorago rato of wages puid ia fifty cents a duy. The cost of production is ahout four cents per pound. Tho waste is 16 per cent. Thc machinery is all now, and is mostly from tho Lowell, Mass., inaohinc shops. During tho last twclvo months tho company has declared two semi-annual dividends of 4 per cent., pur chased S2.000 worth of udditional machin ery und laid by a surplus fund of 82.000. Mr. David, thc President, soys that during tho month of January tho net profit was 81,500. The factory at present is paying 23 per cent, on thc capital invested. Thc Camperdown ?tl il IN, This factory includes two mills, about 150 yards apart, situated on tho Reedy River, in the city of Greenville, and is the only cotton manufacturing establishment in thc State which is looted within tho cor porate limits of u oily. Roth buildings arc of brick. That which is kuown as tho lower mill is three stories high, and is run by two turbine wheels with 126 horso power, having a fall of 32 feet. Tho up per mill is u two story briok building, and is run by a 40 inch Lafell turbine wheel with 200 horse power and a fall of 82 feet; Tho lower mill was built in 1874, und thc upper mill in 1H7G At thc upper mill both steam nnd water power is used, tho st en m bein,: 12(1 horse power. In a few weeks tho company proposo to introdu-c steam to ihc amount of 825 horse power in both mills. This is to avoid thc contin gency of u failure of w.itcr in tho Euuimcr months. These mills were formt rly owned by Sampson, Hall & Co , und in 1870, when the now mill was built, thc name wus changed, and Mr. Hamlin Beattie w?s elected President of the company.' At present Mr. J. A. Sandford is general Superintendent. He is u New Englander, and is thoroughly educated in tho cotton manufacturing business. THE CAPITAL STOCK OF TUB COMPANY IS $108,000. Tho total capacity of tho two .mills ii 12,840 spindles and 112 cards. The clusi of goods manufactured nie hosiery yann from 6 to 18, and twisted yarns ns high ai No. 30. Thc consumption of raw cotton is 7,00( pounds per day or 100 bules per week, utu the daily production of manufactured good is 0,000 pounds of yarn. Two hundred and sixty operatives, al white, oro employed, about one-half n whom ore females. Tho operative? ur accommodated in 72 tenement houses owned by tho company and rented at froti 81 50 to 88 50 per mouth. THE OPERATIVES ARE ALT. NATIVE with the exception of fivo skilled hand from thc North. Tho pay roll per monti including salaries is $4,200. During th past year thc company paid an 8 per cool dividend, has laid asido a reserve fund a commercial capital of 825 000, and hu expended 815,000 in improving th property. Tho property is now valued ti 5310,000. As these mills wero RUN BY BOTH STEAM AND WATER, I thought I would be obie to get a d?finit opinion us to the relative cost of these tw dusses of power In unswer to my inquir upon this point Mr. Sandford, thc Supcrin ti ndi nl of tho mills, stated thut ho ha never kept any accurate account of th mailor Ho rather preferred steam, li thought, because it could bo more dosel regulated, mid was more rcliublc. combination of steam and water," ho sai "will yield tho best results. I know (lu when wo run by wuter alone our productic fulls off Tho Merrimac M i ?ls ut Lowe uro run by both steam ond wuter, and tin huve nu abundance of water powor ir" tlx preferred to use it. I know thc stew mills at tho North pay higher dividem than thc wuter mills, and that tho mil which ure run hy ti combination of wat und steam produce the best results you can get a good und cheap class operatives IN CHARLESTON YOU GAN RUN A 8TEA COTTON MILL an chcuply ns a water mill herc. Tho cc of coul would bo cheaper io Charlesti than almost nnywhero else in tho State, pay 81 26 per ton for my coal at tho mil nud yet it costs mc 86 10 per ton. O could be laid down in Charleston in bi by vessel much cheaper than that, I shot imnginc. As to thc salt rtnrnp ntmospln of Charleston, I don't think that sn objc tion which needs consideration. Tho sa objection exists, at Full River, and it never oomvidcred there. Goods oro those pl am H m? mi fa otu red entirely iu artificial atmosphere As to the O EN ERAL PROSPECTS OF MANUFAOTURI in this State, my opinion is that (he pn pcot is very favorable. I think thal samo class of goods oon bo manufaclu hero half a cent cheaper thou nt tho No under ordinary oircumstauoos, and besi tho manifold udvuntuges of position, wo run hero seventy-two hours per wed their sixty. Tho exemption from taxai for ten years is, without doubt, a gi inducement for tho etsablishroent of i faotories, and besides it plaoca tho State a footing with tho surrounding Sh whore this exemption OXUUB. I thin! Northern copitalints Only thoroughly under stood tho condition of uffhirs herc, a great 1 deal of oupitul would bo iovestod iu this 1 Stn to. You would bo surprised to know how littlo tho North really docs know of tho condition of affairs at tho South. I know how ignorant they aro bcoauso I havo boon there aod was raised thero myself. I never had and idea- until I ornoo to tho South of tho very great ADVANTAGE SHE 1'0SSES8E8 OYER TUE NOUTII as a cotton manufacturing country. Thc South lias ono of tho'best climates io thc world, tho labor is cheap, thc cotton iu right ot the doors of tho mills, and, in addition to theao, tho South has the advan tage of extra running hours. I think that ENGLAND WILL UK TUE GREATEST SUE EUER by (ho general establishment of cotton manufactories nt tho South. Tho North, ns noon ns tho South goes into manu factures generally, will bo speedily com pelled to abandon thc muuufacturo of thc coarser goods, and will, os on act of self preservation, tako up tho manufacturo of tho liner goods, iu which England now takes the Icud. In timo, of course, tho South will monopoliz all tho coarser manu factures, and, if BIIO chooses to, thero is no reason why she should not get her share of thc finer goods. Thero is plenty of room herc, and no ono need fear competition. There ore only about G0,000 SPINDLES IN OPERATION JU THE SOUTH. against 10,000,000 iu tho United States, mid 90,000,000 iu tho world. This last your langland lias had 80,000,000 spindles stopped, which is three times us many no wc have in thc Uuited States. Tho field here has not bi gun to bo occupied. If wc had thc stuuc number ol' spindles hero we would beul the North tu death iu n short time. These ure buuud to como in timo. As yoting us 1 nm, I remember that 20 years ago wc ut tho North thought it im possible to get along without English superintendents, in our factories. They have become cducuted to the business now themselves nnd they never think of calling in foreign skill. It is tho same way at the South. You ure just beginning und you think you can't get ulong without a North ern .Ml pm intendant, A fcW JOUIS Will Work a ehuugc here just us it did nt (he North V-ou have rt ho bftiio} mid in time you Will uot m ed unything but NATIVE LAJIOR AND NATIVE SKILL. lt lukes time to reich the standard Whiol they of thc North huvo reached by year of experience. Hut it is bound to como ir time. "This lust your wo produced 1,000,OOC pounds of yurts with 12,840 spindles, spin ninr? and twisting, 'This nf OOttSO iooludoi ail tho variety of numbers up to No. 85 If we hud manufactured only Nos. 0 mid ? tho production would have boen nen ri j double. Tho Northern mills get n mon uniform ruto of high speed th iii we do and they have by their experience u Close: management The Southern nuiuUltietoriei will improve just ?8 they have done t>; experience Our inciv?>-.* in ptoductiot over lust year is 10 per m nt." WILL Til E CI.KMKNT Iii; UT MAN UT ACT U lt Bun? 1 asked. "I wou'd not like to express ni opinion,'' Mr. Sand lord r.uid, "beouUso havo never cxuuiiued it. I don't thin! that if it io a succcs9 it will interioro will tho largo manufacturers. It might com into competition with thc manufacturers o vory cheap warps. Thc process ?9 to cheap to compete With tho liner goods They hnvo8imply gone right back to urn principles." It may bc sold in ?oncdtiou with thes mills thut they aro tho only establishment of thc kind iu thc Stuto that munufaotur COLORED HOSIERY TARNS. Six large vats nnd eight tubs aro used, an thc dyeing is dono iu tho raw miitcrial o\j tn thc skein. The process odds tea pi cent, to thc value of tho yarn, wb'.oh mee with ready Sale lo tho South; lnconjuuf (iou with this department is also a bloool ing room Kith oil tho ncoe.Bsary maohinc for rocking bleached goods. From tl wiisio thc company u|so makes Iorgo quai lilies of white, brown and oolorod wro ping twine anti rope, which also meets wi a reudy anio, Und goes very far to rcduoo t pcrccntaoo of loss by wasto in tho procc of uju'uufuoturo. Another very useful nnd profitable ol partmont which is attaohed to the factory tho department for covering tho rolle which nro used in the process of druwi and doubling thc sliver. Thu expooso having this vvoik dono ut thc North quite nn item in the expense of naott mill. Tho Camperdown Mills do theil o' roller covo?ing as well os tho Hamo class work for other factories. TUc ft'ciuUctoii ItlsmitTnctiirli Company. This cotton factory is situatod three an half miles from tho Town of Pondleton, "Twenty three Milo Creek," and is will easy distance of i ho llliio Hidgo liailro Thc mill is owned by Col. A. J. Hilton u J. \V. Norrij, VJH[, Col. Sit ton is president of the company, H. P. Silten Secretary und Troasuior, and ll. F. Will in Superintendent, Tho faotory is o struetcd of red brick ?nd is two stol high. Tho main building is 150 hy feet, and tho machino shop and pao room is 75 by 25 feet. Tho mill built in 1838, und w,aa run by a cutup: of Which Mr. ll. F. Sloan was President to I860. It was then bought by Me? Grady, Hamilton ond Perry. This co? partnership wus dissolved, and tho mill foil into tho hunda ot Mr. Perry who organized the Pendleton Manufacturing Company, and operated tho mill under that name. Tho company was unsuccessful and failed. Tho bondholders bought it io and ran it for fifteen months, and thon it was sold to Col. : Sitton ond Mr. Norris for 810,350. Tho mill has beou put in good repair hy ita present owners and tho muohinery has been renewed with all thc latest improvements. Tho CAPITA!. INVESTED 18 820,000. Tho capacity of tho mill is 1,000 spindlcR. Tho consumption of raw cotton for tho month ending 2'lth January wtis 23,707 pouuds. Tho production during thc same time was 22,113 pounds of bunch janis and chaiu warps from No. 4 to No. 12. Thc waste in the process of manufacturo was 1,019 pounds, which is only G.9 per cent, a less wusto then any other mill in tho State shows. Tho cost of tho cotton for tho samo mouth wus 10 G8 cents per pound or a total cost of 82,538 31. Thc total expenses for thc mouth, including operatives' wages, salaries and supplies, were 8230 18. Thc yaru manufactured sold for from 22 to 23? cents per pound, or at an average of 22 cents per pound. Thc gross receipts, thcrcforo, for thc production during tho mouth were 84,800 80, Tho total cost of manufacturo wus 82,700 49, and tho NET PROFIT FOR THE MONTH WAS 82,008 37. This is a magnificent showing, and if tho samo roto of prolits continue throughout thc year the oupitnl will doublo itself. Of course tho expenses of shipment, iusurancc, dray ago and commissions must bo deducted from thc profit? ns given above, but phoiog those expenses nt the very highest figures (boy will not amount to moro than 15 per cent ; and on tho other sido there were re ceipts from bagging ona tics and sweepings and motes which would swell tho prolits. Thc mill is now engaged in working off on order for u lot of 4 and 5? yarns, which will keep them working fur six months. Tho curds aro tun from 0 A. M. to 12 o'clock midoight in order to keep thc spindles supplied. Tho factory employs 00 operatives, three fourths of whom ure females. 81*1 NNEtt8 UEOEIVE 40 CENTS PER DAY and thc highest price paid per day for otiy operative is 81.75., These operatives uro aneo ni muda ted in 85 te nc: men t hom-os, which uro owned by the company, and ure furnished rent free. Two hundred persons uro dependent upon tho factory for a tup port. Tho water force employed is 03 horse power applied to two Lafell turbine wheels. Tho profits of tho factory for tho last year hus been invested in new machinery and improvements, and tho property is now vulucd at 825,000, The percentage of profit for tho year wus over 20 per cent; ou tho capital invested. As to thc prospect for the establishment of manufactories in this State, Oui. iSitton, with whom 1 conversed, stated (hut ho hud bceu working hus mill since lust April un der a contract. Fur tho 15 mouths pre vious to that time it w?s p.elly hurd tn gel ulong. Now thoy were always behindhand in their work. ?'The. dc n.ands fur our goods," said Col. Sitton, "is unprecedented und for the next live veins, ut lonni) there is a grout deal of money in thc business, Thc revival cf trude all over tho oountry helps us, und lhere is not u day 1 au uot have to decline orders." ABOUT THE Cl.EMKNT ATTACHMENT Cul. Sitton Said: ''I huvo never seen one of thc uiuchincs. I hove seen tho yum und it is good. I hove r.uthing to suy against thc quality of tho goods, but if any practi cal mun will read tho statements mud by theng?DtS 'ol tho maobino ho will seo that they or'j uot prepared accurately. For in stauro, thoy claim a grout saving from the fr.ct that tho planter need not bule his cot ton, white tho truth ia that tho planter mokes money on all tho bagging pud tics he uses. Ho pays 81 25 for thom nnd gets 82 10 on every bolo for the additional weight. Another objectiou I havo to it is that I AM XOM> THAT IT DOES NOT OIN CLEAN. If this is BO tho percentage of waste must bo very great. They can't work theil waste over, like wc can u portion of it, by running it through thc cards again, because they can't get it to tho cards without run ning it through thc gin, and it won't gc through tho gin without tho seed. In m; opinion tho only uso it wi I bo found profit able tn put it to is to.work up tho cottoi on n small plantation. They say tba they consume 500 pounds of seed coUoi and turn out 100 pounds of yarn per day There must bc somo mistake herc, bcoaus tho very best gins do not turn out mor than 100 pounds of lint cotton to 501 pounds of seed codon. This would leav thom only six pounds waste in maoufuotur iog 100 pounds of yorn. Thcro aro mun othor reasons why 1 think tho maohinc will nut do whut is claimed for them." Thc Pendleton Faotory also gins 17 bales of cotton und cards 3,000 pounds < wool for tho surrounding farmers. Th pays 10 couts n pound for carding tho wo and n toll of 1 15 for ginning Tho recent success achieved by this fnotoi as compared with its past dillloulties, shot very conclusively that good management tho prime fuel or of sucoess in a cotti factory. Tito Piedmont Muiiiifucluriii Cum puny. This fuotory is tho pride of tho up-ooui try, und it deservedly holds n foretrjr. placo a i DO nu' tho U)U?ufactoric8 of tho Stpto. lt is located on tho Saluda Hiver, at tho Town of Piedmont, and iq within a few hundred yards of tho Orccnvillo oud Co lumbia Railroad. Tho buildings ato con structed of red brick. Tho main building is fout stories high, and 254 by 54 feet in dimensions, with a wiug 40 by 86 foot. Tho pucker house is 40 by 70 feet, and tho opening room is 40 feet square. Mr. H.P.' Hammett is thc President and Treasurer, nud Mr. A ll Steele is tho Supcriutcndont. Thc capital stock is $331,400, all paid in. Tho eoe su o. lit iou of ru w material is 8,800 pouods, or 20 bales per day. Tho classes of goods muiiufuotured oro sheetings, shirt ings, drills und from 8 to 12 yarns. Tho factory was built in 1874, and operations nore commenced iu 1870. Its present sapaoity is 10,024 SPINDLES AND 240 LOOMS. Tho production is 15,500 yards of oloth iud 2,G00 pounds of yarn per day. Tho jost of production 2.04 100 cents per lound inside of tho mill, and 3.75-100 Bents per pound on thc railroad ready for ihipmcnt. This includes pay rolls, salaries, nsuranco and everything. Tinco hundred operatives, oil white, aro employed and a copulation of GOO pcoplo uro dependent on he factory for o support. Tho avorago atc nf wages for spinners is 50 oonts n day, ind thu annual pay roll, including salaries, s 950.000. The operatives resido in 77 envoient houses which belong to tho com jany, and uro furnished rent free. Tho 'ouipuny also owns a church, a boarding louse, n store, u depot ut thc railroad, nod iOU acres of land which havo all been paid br. Tho force of tho river varies THOM GOO TO 1,000 HOUSE POWER. I'Ii roc hundred and fifty horse power is now icing utilized. Tho running expenses of ho fjotory, not including thc pay roll and .lanes, is 81,000 a month. Tho success achieved by this faolory luring thc past year cp.nnot bc better shown han by tho followiug exhibit of tho opcra iuus of tho mill for nina months from darch 31 to December 31, 187G, us takcu rotu thc books of thc company: Thc gross proQts for tho nino months yero as follows: ?'rom New York stiles, $14,896 9G ?Vom Bul ti moro sales, 8,008 08 .'rom Reston sales, yunis exclu sively, 22,699 14 hom local sales, 29,864 63 .''rom nil other sources of profit, 6,281 67 Total gross profits, 881,810 47 Aguinst which tho following di urges aro to bc made: freights paid, 81,707 58 .usurunce, 3,437 00 Interest, 2,243 40 ?Ixpense account, 4,173 35 ill other expenses 2,038 55 --S13,599 44 Net profits for tho nine noiiths from Mardi 31 to De icmber 31,1879, 868,211 0? This is !0 4-10 PER CENT. FOR THE NINE MONTHS^ ir at tho rate of 25} per cent, per annum. Poe (otjl buln nee to tho credit of profit and on* Dcoemt cr 8 Ut, 1870, after deduoting xpi uses and dividend paid January 31st,. ?7U, was 980,746 44. rim result of this showing was a meeting if tho stockholders on tho 29th of .J a unary asl, at which it wau ile te rm i ned to double du* o<picily of thc factory and to incienso bo cupitul stock to 8500,000. The full ieiuils of thc meeting huvo already beca published in tho A'civs and Courier. 1 nuked Mr. Hammett, tho Prcsidont, ?yhat he thought of tho relative advantages, liaudvuutugos and cost of water and steam >owcr, and he said that in his opinion WH IT power was much cheaper and far supo ior ti? st eu m. As to the prospco* of Manufactures in this Stato Mr. Hammett mid: "We havo never had nuy timo sinoo ibo wu? a future which w is no encouraging is the present, und it will not do at all to. jase osculations on tho present condition of i flairs. 1 thiuk u well constructed and well ?miaged cotton mill, in a fnvorablo looality s ono of the host pieces of property in tho State. U should not yield a net profit of ess than 15 to 20 per oent. on tho oopital nvested." Tho machinery nt tho Piedmont Factory s ALL AMERICAN AND ALL NEW. To UBO Mr. Ilummett's own words: 'There is no improvement in machinery in ?ither Kuropo or America to improvo tho jharaolcr or tho quantity of tho goods, manufactured that wo havo not got." With regard to tho legislation necessary !o induce, tho establishment of manufacto ries in tho South, Mr. Hammett said: UI lon't think tiny national legislation UCOOF? ?ary. What you want is money, and if you can't cot men with monoy hero to go, iuto manufactures, you cm get ns muoh money ps you want from tho North. I thiuk tho State exemption from taxation ou all now manufactories for ten years is a wiso provision." Mr. Hammett was not very enthusiastic in his commendation of tho "Clomont At tachment." "This is thc third timo," ht said, "that it has RISEN UP LIKE A SKA SERPENT. A man that can run a "Cloment Attnohmonr" can run tho Piedmont Mills. 1 don't think tho planters can moko any monoy with thcs.i machines unless they employ experience operatives, and they can't afford io om plo . skilled labor on suoh a small sonic. Thci: Koo?!s will not stand tho test of tho market Thoro is not enough uniformity in theil yarns." As to what tho sucoessof a cotton mill it).