Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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lill NIGHT TUB DAY, TIJOU CANS'T NOT THEN DB FAL8E TO ANY MAN.' ass VOLUME VI.-NO. 9. irTo?essjoixal O airds. MOS. M. WILKES, ATTORNEY AT LAW -AND ?oliortor in Kqnit-y. -ALSO, United StatOB Commissioner, tfor tho Circuit nml District Coures of tho Uni. tod States for South Parolina. JKjy*.Ornes IM TUE COUUT House. -Xiifl WALHALLA, S. C. July 22, 1870 40 ly J. P. REED, ) J W. C. KEITH, Anderson C. II. j I Wullialla. HEED & KEITH, ATTORNEYS AT LAW AMD Soliortore in Equity-, IIuvo rcnowod their Co-partnership in tho prno tioo of Law, and extended it to nil Civil nnd Criminal business in tho Counties of Oconco and Dickons. ALSO, ALL DU8INES8 IN TIIK UNITED 8TATF.8 COITKTS. t?" Office on Public Snunro, Walhalla, S. C. July 18, 1809. 41 s. MCGOWAN K. A. THOMPSON, Abbeville S. C. Walhalla, S. C. M'GOWAN &?"THOMPSON, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, WALHALLA, S. C., Will givo prompi attention tn . - ""d ????flrt/wUn M,?m tn tho Stfttft. Cm?n?" United 3tntos Courts. OFFICE IN THE COURT HOUSE. Tho Juniorpartner, Ma TIIOMPSCM will also practice in tho Courts of Pb'"08. Greenville and Andorson. Jnnunry, 18?^_ "7?SEP1I J. NORTON, Attorney sut. Law, WALHALLA, S. ?. All business for Picltcns County left with J. E. HAGOOD, ESQ., riCKKNS ?. II., WILL DE PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO .Ootobor 26, 1808 4 tf f, H. W II I TN Ell. WMITNER SYM3IES ? WHITNEU & SYMES, Attorneys at Law, WALHALLA, S. C. Igy- Offico on tho Public Square, -?a February 1, 1870 10 tf S. ?). G??DLETT, Attorney at Law AND SOLICITOR IIV EQUITY, LOCATED AT THE * NEW TOWN OP PI?KENS, S. C. NOT. 10, 1808 7 tf EASLEY & McBEJS, Attorneys at Law, ?fcc., WILL PRACTICE IN THE Courts bf the Eighth Circuit OFFICE AT NEW PI0KKNS. W. K. EASLEY, I F. B. McBEE, Creon ville C. II 1 Pi?kena O. IL March 10,1800 .23 AL'X. 8. BRWl?Tv F0- c- ?ENTLY Athens, ?a. J \ Clayton, Ga. ns ot ci Ul in tc w fe ol li Cl b w t( 0 0 w ii c c tl it 0 ri f fl tl v n v fi a 1 t ERWIN & BENTLY, .A-t/torneya cut XJELW, WILL PRACTICE IN PARTNERSHIP JN THE COUNTY OF 11ABUN, ST?TK OP GEORGIA. Coi, 6r 1809- 62 tf Medical Notice. ?THE Undor?l gnod having permanently est?bil abed 1 himself at Walhalla, airers his Professional services to tho ob lions and community at largo, for the prnotioo of Modiolr.o in nil ol tts branches. Re will be found at all Hmas at ?ls office at hip ?csldonoo, near Dr. Norman's Dreg Store, ready ?nd wilting to gHo prompt nt toni lon lo all OSjllfl. JAMES M. SLOAN, M. f>. WAMUJbtA, 8. U., I?, I860. .40-ia PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE. WASHINGTON, D. G., Doo. 5, 1870. To (he -Senate and Hovse of Representatives : A year of poaoo aod genera] prosperity to this nation Ima passed ai nco the last assem bling of Congress. We have, through a kind Providcnoe, been blessed with abundant crops, and hayo been spared from complications and war with foreign notions. lu our midst, comparativo harmony bas boon rostorod. It is to bo regretted, however, that a freo oxer ciso of tho electivo franchise has, by violence aud intimidation, bcou denied to citizens, in exception ul coses, ia sovorol of tho States lately in rebellion, and tho verdict of tho peo ple has thereby been reversed. The States of Virginia, Mississippi and T' ne have been restored to representation iu out national councils. Georgia, tho only Stato now without reproscntion, may confi dently bo oxpeotcd to take ber placo thcro ?Iso at tho beginning of tho new year; aud then, let us hope, will bo compl?ter/ tho work jf reconstruction. With an acquiescence on he part of tho wholo people in tho national ibligation to pay the publio debt, orcated as bo prico of our uniou, tho pensions to our lisablcd soldiers aud sailors, and their wid ?ws and orphans, and in tho changes to tho costitution, wbioh have been made necessary | ] y a great rebellion, ti.ero is no roason why re should not advance in material happiness s no other nation ever did after so protracted nd devastuting a war. g Soon after tho existing war broke out in t ?uropo, tho protection of tho United States t I i nistcr in Puris was invoked in favor of t rorth Germans domiciled in French territory. n ustructions were issued to grant tho proteo- e on. Thia bas been followed by on extension " ; American protection to citizens of Saxony, tl cssc, Saxe Coburg, Gotha, Columbia, Por- t< igal, Uraguay, the Dominican Republic, tl quador, Chili, Paruguay and Venezuela, io u uris. Tb? charge waa un onerous one, ro b liriog constant and severe labor, as well as Q o oxerciso of patience, prudence and good T ?^?"L/?M^ i? tisfaotion of tho govcrumeot of North si ermany. As soon os I learned that a rc- tl iblio bad bcon proclaimed at Paris, and that ti o pcoplo of Franco bad acquiesced in tho E lange, tho Minister of the United States ol is directed, by telegraph, to recognize it, ol id to tandor my congratulations, and those al tho pcoplo of tho United States. Tho rc- oi tablisbmcnt in France of a system of gov- ti nmcnt disconnected with the dyuastio tra- {)i tions of Europe appeared to bo a proper 0 bject for the felicitations of Amerioons.- rt ?ould the present struggle result in attach- b; g tho hearts of tho bronch to our simple F rm of representative government, it will bc a subject of still further satisfaction to our w ioplo. While wo muko no effort to impose jj ir institutions upon tho inhabitants of other ot mntric?, and while wo adhcro to our tra- ci tional neutrality iivAnvil contests elsewhere, JJ 0 cannot bo indifferent to tho spread of n menean political ideas in a great and highly c< vilized country Uko Franco. Wo wore ?< ked by the now government to uso our good o bees, jointly with thoso of European pow- | tl s, in tho interests of pcaco. Answer was udo that thc established poiioy and tho true itcrcsts of thc Uuited States forbado them 1 interfero iu European questions jointly it h European powers. I asocttainod, in irmally and unofficially, that tho Government f North Germany was not thon disposed to sten to Buch representations from any pow rs, and, though earnestly wishing to seo the Ie88iugs of peace restored to belligerents, ?Uh all of whom the United States aro on >rms of' friendship, I deolincd, on tho part f this government, to take a step whiob could n|y result iu injury to our truo interests, ithout advantaging tho object for wbioh our itcrve.ntion was invoked. Should tho timo orno when tho action of the United States an hasten tho roturn of pcaco a singlo bour, hat action will bo heartily taken. I deemed i prudont, in view of tho number of persons f German and Frenob birth liviug in tho Jnitod States, to ?BSUC, soon ofter the officiol oticc of a stato of war had bc?n received rom both belligerents, o proclamation do ming tho duties of tho United Statis ts A leutr?l, and tho obligations of persons residing rithin thoir territory to obsorvo tboir laws nd tho law of notions. This proclamation taB followed by Others, as circumstances eemod to call for them. The poople, thus cquuintcd in advance of their duties and ob ?gu.'ODS, have assistod in preventing viola ions of tho neutrality of tho Unitod States'. lt is not understood that tho condition of ho insurrection in Cuba hos materially thonged sinco the olose of the lost session of Jongrosa. In a? carly stuge of the contest, ho authorities of Spoin inaugurated a systoui jf arbitrary arrests, of oloso confinement, and )f military trial and execution of persons sus pooled ofcomplioity with tho insurgents,and >f summary embargo of their properties, and sequestration of tho revenues, by Executive warrants. St*eh proceedings, so far OB they affcotcu the portions or property of oititrans of the United States, wore in violation of tho provisions of the treaty ol' 1705, between the United 8tutos and Spain. Representation* j of injurio resulting to severa, persons olaim ing to bo oitlions of the Unitod States, by reason of suoh violations, weiro tnado to tho Spanish Government. From April, I860, to June last, the Span- j (sh Minister at Washington had beeta ?lethe* with it limited power to aid in redressing such wrongs. Thai power was found to be with drawn it? vlow. bs lb Wa?, of tho favorable sit ?ntion in whioh th? Wand of Cnba'then was j whloh, howe* orA did not lead to a r?vocation li or suspension of tho extraordinary and arito trary functions oxcroiscd by tho oxeoutilae power in Cuba, and wo wore obliged to niolou our complaints at Madrid. Ia tho negotii tiona thus opened, and still ponding thor?t tho United States only claimed that, for tlLi futuro, rights scoured to their citizens bft treaty should bo respected in Cuba, and tbot as to tho post, a joint tribunal should bo cs tubji3hed m the United States, with full ju risdiction ovor all such oloims. Before such an impartial tribunal, eaoh olaimant would bo required to provo his case. On tho other hood, Spain would bo at liberty to travorsc every material faot, and then completo equity would bo dono. A coso, which at ono time threatened seriously to affeot tho relations between tho United States and Spoin, bas already boon disposed of in this way. Tho olaim of tho owners of tho "Col. Lloyd Aspin wall, for tho illegal soizuro and dotcntion of that vessel, was rcforred to arbitration, by mutual conpont, aud bas resulted in an award to tho United States, for tho owners, of the sum of ?10,702.50 in gold. Another and long ponding claim, of like nature, that off fr tho whnlcship "Canada," hos been disposers! of by friendly arbitrament during the prcseb70r TFiLdti Wj8ifofxrre.d' ,b?tho j?iDt consol; j/co 'ol di of y undertook tho laborious task of examfnFu"dhi ho voluminous correspondence and testimonyW tubmitted by tho two governments, and tu iworded to tho United States tho sum of 1( ?100,740.09 io gold, which has since boon fl ?aid by tho Imperial Government. These io eccnt examples show that tho mode which ai ho Uuitcd States have proposed to Spain for fla djusting tho pending claims is just and fea iblo, and that it may bo agreed to by cither ation without dishonor. It is to bo hoped bot this moderate demand may bo acceded ) by Spain without further delny. Should io pending negotiations unfortunately, hod nexpoctedly, bc without result, it will then ecomc my duty to communicate that fact to ongrcss, and invite its action on tho subject, ho long deferred rica CA <iAttfi?,?">?j?f ?* "lii/.-y? oder tho auspices of tho United States, pur unit to tho recommendation contained in io resolution of tho House of Rcpresonto ves of tho 17tb of December, I860. Tho xecutivo Deportment of tho Government Tcred its friendly offices for tho promotion F peace and harmony between Spain and the lied Republic Hesitations and obstacles ;currcd to tho ncceptanoo of tho offer. Ul matcly, however, a conforenoo was arranged, id was opened in this city on tho 29th of dober last, at wbioh I authorized tho Seo ?tary of State to presido. It was attended y the Ministers of Spain, Peru, Chili and Iquador. In consequence of tho absence of representative from Bolivia, tho conference as adjourned until tho attendance of a plen mtontiury from that Rcpublio could bc scoured r other measures could bo adopted towards mipnssing its object. Ihe allied and other Republics of Spanish origin on this oontincnt my sec in this fact a now proof of our sin sro interest in their welfare ; of our desire to 3e thom blessed with good governments, ca able of maintaining order, and of preserving ?icir respective territorial integrity; and of ur sincere wish to extend our own commcr ial and social relations with them. Tho timo i probably not fur distant when, in the natu ?1 course of events, tho European political onncction with this continent will cease. Our policy should bo shaped in view of his probability, so as to ally the commercial ntorcsts of tho Spanish American States moro losoly to our own, and thus give tho United ?tates oil tho pre-eminence, and all the ad antoges which Mr. Monroe, Mr. Adamsand dr. Clay contemplated, whoo they proposed o join in tho Congross of Panama. During ho last session of Congress, a treaty for tho nnoxation of tho Republic of Sah Domingo o tho United States, foiled to rcoeivo tho cquisito two thirds voto of tho Senate I ?ns thoroughly convinced then, that tho best ntorest of this country commercially and ma eriolly domnndod its ratification. Timo has mly coufirmcd mo in this viow. I now firm y bolicvo that tho moment it is known, that ho United States havo entiroly abandoned :he project of aeeepting, ns a part of its torrl :ory, the Island of San Domingo, a freo port ?viii bo negotiated for by European nations in >he bay of Samand. A largo oommorcial oity will spring up, to which we will bo tributary without receiving corresponding benefits, and then will bo seen the folly of our rebooting io groat a prizo. The government of Son Domingo bas voluntarily sought thia annex ation. It is a weak power, numboring prob nbly less than one hundred and twenty thou sand souli, and yet possessing ono of tho richest territories under tho sun, capable of supporting a population of ten millions of peo ple in luxury. Tho people of San Domingo are not capable of maintaining themselves in their present condition, and must look for out side support. Thoy yoarn for the protection of our free institutions and laws, our progress and civilization. Shall we rofuso thom 5" Tho acquisition of Soo Domingo lo deeirablo because of its geographical position. It com manda tho entrunco to the Cariboan Soa, and th* Isthmus transit of coromerco. It possess es the riebest soil, bost and most oapaoious harbors, wost salubrious climate, and vaina bio products of tho forest, mino and soil of the West Indi* Islands. Its possession by us will, to a few yeats, build up a ooastwlso commerce of immense roognitudo, whioh will go far towards restoring to us our lost mer ohant marino. It will give to us thoso arti cles whioh. wo oonsume to largely, and do not produce; thus equalizing our exports and imports. Tn caso of iv fotorfen war it will give us command of all tho islands referred , and thus prevent an enemy from ever 1 oin possessing himself of a roodozvous upon i x very coast. i At prosont, our ooast trade between the otes bordering on tho Atlantic, and those rdcri.ng on the Gulf of Mexico, ia eulin , K by the Bahama and tho Antilles Twice I vuuiBt, as it were, paos through foreign llobtricB to get by soa from Georgia to the ? \t Coast of Florida. San Domingo, with a sie government, undor which her immonso ruroes oan bo developed, will givo rcmu rttivo wages to tons of thousands of laborers mow upon thc island. This labor will 6 advantage of every available means of ?spot talion to abandon the adjacent islands seek the blessings of freedom and its so ?neo, oaoh inhabitant receiving thc reward bis own labor. Porto Rico and Cuba will 17Q to abolish slavery, as a measure of sclf servation, to rotain their laborors. San mingo will become a large consumer of tho ?ducts of northorn farmers and manufaotnr Tho oheap rate at which her oitizens n bo furnished with food, tools and moobin y, will tnako it necessary that contiguous fa nels should have the same advantages, in der to competo in the production of sugar, iffee, tobacco, tropical fruits, ?ko. This will ?on to us a still #widcr market for our pro jeta. Tho production of our own supply ' these artioleo will cut off moro thou ono iindrcd millions of our annual imports, bo des largely inoreaaing our exports. With loh a picture it is oasy to seo bow our^ large ;bt abroad is ultimately to bo extinguished. ritb a balance of trado against us, including terest on bonds bold by foreigners, and moo f spent by our citizens traveling in foreign ods, equal to thc entire yield of thc precious ctals in this country, it is not easy to see how iis result is to bo otherwise accomplished. Tho acquisition of San Domingo io an nd srenco to tho Monroe doctrine, lt is a casuro of national protection. It is assert ig our just claim to a controlling influenoo 7cr tho great commercial trafic soon to flow om West to Bast, by woy of tho Isthmus of arion j it ia to build up our merchant ma ' . jj*- ? Ui'*<..'?{?W naur marketa for tho pro id Porto luco, at onoe, and ultimately so in ?razil ; it is to -settle tho unhappy condition f Cuba, and end exterminating conflict ; it to pr?vido honest means of paying our hon it debts, without overtaxing tho people ; it to furnish our citizens with tho necessaries f every day life, ot cheaper rates than over eton: ; and it is, in fine, a rnpid stride to ards that greatness which the intelligence, idustry and enterprise of tho United States ititlcs this country to assume among nations. 3 view of tho importance of this question, earnestly urge upon Congress early action, cprcssivc of its views as to tho bcBt means ' acquiring Son Domingo. My suggestion is, tut by joint resolution of the two houses of ongress, tho Executive bo authorized to ap liut a commission, to negotiate a treaty with io outhoriticsof San Domingo, for thc ao lisition of that Island, and that an appropri ion be made to defray tho expenses of such emission The question may then be defor med, either by the action of the Senate upon c treaty, or tho joint action of the two houses Congress vpon a resolution of annexation, as tho case of tho acquisition of Texas. So nvinced um I of tho advantages to flow jm tho acquisition of San Domingo, and of e great disadvantages-I might almost say Amities-to follow from non acquisition, ut I believe the subject bas only to be in stigated to bo approved of. It is to bo re fitted that our representations in regard to 3 injurious effects, especially upon tho rev ue of tho United States, of tho policy of ) Mexican Govornmcnt in exempting from post duties a large tract of ita territory on r borders hove not only boen fruitless, but it it is even proposed in that country to ond tho limits within whioh the priviledgo verted too hos beeu enjoyed. Tho expodi vy of taking into your serious consideration .per measures of countervailing the policy erred to will, it is presumed, cngago your nest attontioo. It is tho obvious intorcst, ecially jf neighboring nations, to pr?vido inst impunity to those who may hove : imitted nigh crimes within their borders, 4 who may havo sought rofugo abroad. ?t h i H purpose extradition troatios have a conoluded with several of the Contral orioan Republios, and others aro in prog Tho sonso of Congress is desired ns early may bo convenient upon tho proceedings i;ho commission on claims against Venozu , 08 communicated iu my message of March h, 1800, Maroh 1st, 1870, and Maroh 81st, TO. It baa not boon deemed ndvisobio to tributo any of tho money whioh has been loived from that government, until Con iss shall have neted upon the subject. The ?sacres of Frenoh and Russian residents at (ntfctein, under circumstances of great bar .ity, wero supposed by eomo to havo been mieditatod, and to indioato a purpose long tho populace to exterminate foreigners tho Chin?se Umpire. The evidenco fails establish such a supposition, but 'shows a ?plieity betweon tho local authorities and mob. The Govornraont at Pokin, bowov seems to havo been disposed to fulfill its tty obligations, so far aa it was able to do Unfortunately the nowt of th" war bo on the German States and Fr arv*, reached na soon after tho massacre. It would ap r that the popular mind booame possessed ti tho idoa that this oontest extending to nose wa tora, would neutralizo tho Chris influenoo and power, and tfcat the time coming when th* superstitious manses j ht expel all foreigners, and vestore mnnda influonoo. Anticipating trouble from this O I invited Franco and North Germany I ifike an authorised suspension of bostill ties in the Kant, whore they wero tempor?r i ly suspended by aot of the commandera, end to act together for the futuro protection, in Chi na, of the lives and properties of Americans and Europeans. Since the Adjournment of Congress ?ho ratifications of tho trcafy with Great Brittan for abolishing thd mired courte for tho suppression of the slave trade hare been exchanged. It 1s believed that the slave trade is now confined to the eastern coast of Af rica, whence the slaves aro taken to Arabian markets. Tho ratifications of the Naturalisa lion Convention between Great Britain sud thc United States have also boen exchanged during the recesa, and thus a long standing dispute between tho two Governments has been settled in accordance with tho principles al ways contended for by tho United States. In April last, while engaged in locating a military reservation near Penbrina, a corps of engineers discovered that thc commonly received boundary line between the United States and the British possessions, at that plaoo, is about forty-seven hundred feet south of the forty-ninth parallel, and that the linc, when run on what is now supposed to be the truo position of that parallel, would leave the fort of tho Hudson Bay Company at Pombina, within tho territory of tho United States. This information being communicated to the British Government, I was requested to con sent, and did cousent, that the Brittisb occu pation of tho fort of Hudson Bay Company should continue fer the present. I deem it important, however, that this part of tbe boun dary line should be definitely fixed by a joint commission of the two Governments, and 1 submit bcrowith catimotcs of the expeuse of snob a commission, on thc part of the United States, and recommend that an appropriation be mado for that purpose. Tho land bounda ry has already been fixed and marked, from tho summit of tho Kooky Mountains to tbc Georgian Bay. It should now be, in like manner, marked from tho Lako of the Wood? to tho summit of thc Rocky Mountains. I regret to say that no conclusion has been reached for the adjustment of the claims ogainst Groat Britain, growing out of the course adopted by that Government during the pear to.be Willing W cbhcfc?o~i?l?ani?V fftbj?il ty's Government was guilty of any negligence, or did, or permitted any act during tho war by which tho Uuited States has just cause of complaint. Our firm and unalterable convic tions sro decidedly the reverso. I, therefor recommend Congress to authorizo'the appoint ment of n commission to take proof of amounts and the ownership of these several claims, on notice to the representative of Her Majesty at Washington, and that authority bo given for the settlement of these claims, by thc United States so that tho Government shall have the ownership of the private claims, as well ss tho responsible control of all tho demands against Great Britain. It cannot bo necessa ry to add that whenever Her Majesty's Gov ernment shall entertain a desire for a full and friendly adjustment of these claims, tho United States will enter upon their consider ation with an earnest desiro for a conclusion consistent with tho honor and dignity of both nations. _ Tho course pursued by tho Canadian au thorities toward tho fishermen of tho United States duripg the past season, bas not been marked by a friendly feeling. By the first Article of tho Convention of 1818, between Great Britain and the United States, it was agreed tbat the inhabitants of tho United States should have forever, in common with the British subjeots, the right of taking fish in certain waters therein defined. In the wa ters not included in tho limits named in the Convention, within three miles of parts of tho British coast, it has been the custom for many years to givo to intruding fishermen of tho United States a reasonable warning of their violation of the technioal rights of Great Britain. The Imperial Government is under stood to have delegated the whole ot a share >i its jurisdiction or control of these inshore fishing grounds, to the colonial authority, known as the Dominion of Canada, and this semi-independent, but irresponsible agent, has exercised its delegated powers in an unfriend ly way. Vessels have boen seized, without notice or warning, in violation of tho custom previously prevailing, and have been taken into the colonial ports, their voyages broken ap, and the vessels condemned. And there is reason to boliove that this unfriendly and vexatious treatment was designed to bear harshly upon thc hardy fishermen of the Uni ted States, with a view to political effect upon this Government. The statutes of the Dominion of Canada as sumo a still broader and more untenable juris diction over tho vessels of tho Uuited States. They authorize officers, or persons, to bring vessels hovering within three marine miles )f any of the coasts, bays, creeks or harbors if Canada into port, to searoh tho cargo, to ixaminc tho master on oath touching tbe oar ;o and voyage, and to inflict "non him a heavy pecuniary penalty if true ..newera are not given ; and if such vessel is found preparing to fish within three marine miles of any of otoh coasts, bays, creeks or harbors without, i license or after the expiration of tho period named in tho last license granted to it, they provide that the vessel, with her tackle, ?co., sc., shall be forfeited. It ia net known that ?ny condemnations havo been made under Mn Bistate. Shonld the authorities of Can ?da n tte io pfc to cn lb reo it, it will becomo my luty to taxe suoh steps as may be necessary to protect the rights of ?the citizens of thc ll ?tte d States It has been claimed by Her Majesty's officers thal! the fishing i <??HO1S of tho Colt ?id. SifaUfc uiV* uu right io on Ter abe ipeo porte of the British possessions in North Amatioa ejtoept for the purpose of eh-sTte. md repairing damagcs> ol purchasing wood {tad obtaining water j that they have no rigVt _ II . i 11 ihi i i . ? ggf to enter at the British custom Louses, or to trade there, except in the purohaso <>t> wood and water, and that they must depart within twenty-four hours after the ugtice to leave. Ii is not kuoTf u thai noy uo'zuru or a fmhiug ?Cosel carrying the fing of the, UnH'cd ?tatety f? has hecn made under this oln?rt? e? far. Aa the claim io founded on an alleged oonbtruc tioD of the convention of 1819, it oannot be acquiesced in by the United btates. It is hoped that it will not bo insisted on by Her Majesty's Government. During tho confer ences which prseeded the negotiations*^ the convention of 1818, the Britibh Commission? ers proposed to expressly exclude the fisher men of the United ointes from tho privilege of carrying on trade with nay of Hb Britania Majesty's subjects residing within the limits assigned for their uso, and alco that it should; not be lawful for the v?asela of the United States, engaged in said fishery, to have on board any goods, wares or merchandize what ever, exoopt Buob ac may be neocosoxy for tho prosecution of their voyagea to and from said fishing grounds ; snd any vessel of the Uni ted States which ?hall contravene these regu lations, may be Boixod, condemned and confis cated, with her oargo. This proposition, which is identified with the construction now put upon the language of tho convention, was emphatically rejected by the American Com missioners, and, therefore, was abandoned by tho British Plenipotentiaries ; ?nd Artiolo X, as it stands in the convention, iras substitu ted. If, however, it be said that thin claim is-founded on Provincial or Colonial Statutes, and not upon the convention, thia Govern ment cannot but regard theta aa unfriendly; and in contravention of the spirit, if not the letter, of the treaty for tho faithful execution of which vue Imperial Government ia alone responsible. Anticipating that an attempt may possibly be made by tho Canadian au thorities in tho coming season to repeat their unneighborly acts towards our fishermen, I " recommend you to confer upon tho Excoutivo tho power to suspend by proclamation tho operation of tho laws authorizing the transit of goods, wares and merchandise, in bond, across the territory of the United Stfli.es IQ Canada, and further, should such an pcml uno upenmuu mr t-nj ???n-wnjituj u>_ vessels of tho Dominion of Canada are permit ted to enter the waters of the United States. A like unfriendly disposition has been mani fested on the part of Canada is the mainte nance of tb? claim of right to exclude the cit izens of the United ?tstea from the navigation of tho St. Lawrence. This river constitutes a natural outlet to tho ocean for eight States, with an aggregate population ef about 17, 600,000 inhabitants, and with cn aggregate tonnage of 661,267 tons upon the waters which disohargo into it. The foreign com merce of our ports ou these waters is open to British competition, and tho major part of it is done in British bottoms. If tho American seamen bo excluded from this natural avenno to the ocean tho monoply of the desired com. moree of the Lake poi ts, with tho Atlantic, would bo in foreign hands, their vessels on trans-Atlantic voyages having an access to our Lako ports, which would be denied to American vessels, on similar voyages. To state s?ch B preposition ls io P?fuie it* justice. During tho administration of Mr. John Quincy Adams, Mr. Clay unanswerably dem onstrated the natural sight of tho citisens of the United States to tbe navigation of the river, oloitning that the sot of tbe Congress of Vienna in opening the Rhine and other rivera to all nations showed lae judgment of European jurists or of statesmen that tho in habitants of a country through which a navi gable river passes havo a natural right to en? joy the navigation of that river to and into the sea, even though passing through the territories of another power. This right does not ezoludo the co-equal right of tho sover eign possessing the territory through whioh the river debouches into the sea to m ak o such regulations relative to the police of tho navi gation as may be reasonably necessary j but t hese regulations should bc Lamed in a libe ral spirit of comity, and should not Impose needless burdo un upon th ?oom m oreo which has the righi of transit. It haa been found in practice more advantageous to arrange these regulations by mutual agreement. Tho United States are ready to moko any reason able arrangement as to the pol i oo of tho St. Lawrence which may be suggested by Great Brittan. If the chum made by Mr. Clay was just, when tbe population of tho States bor dering on the shores of the Lakes was only 8,400,000, it now derives* greater force and equity from thc inorcased population, wealth, production and tonnage or tho States on the Canadian frontier. Since Mr. Clay advanced hia argument in behalf of our right, the principle for whioh he contended has been freuuet:tly, and by various nations; rocognir.c.d by law or by treaty, and bas been extended io so voi * I oilier great rivera. By the treaty concluded at Mayenne in 1831, tho Rhine was declared free Loin the point Where il if? first navigable into the sea. By thc conven tion betweon Spain and Portugal, oonolndcd in 1886, the navigation of the Douro, through out its whole extent, was m ado Leo fot. the subjeota of both Crown*. In 1868, the Ar gentine confederation, by treaty, threw Opeo the free navigation of the Parana .and fJra guay to tho morohant venera of att no f iais.-*-? In 1850, the Crimean war wo? closed bv ? treaty, whioh provided for tho free nu viga tion of the Danube. In ,1858. Bblrti*, hy treaty, declared that it regarded the W&* Amazon and La Plata, in ?coordanoe with fixed principios of natlor.il law, as high Way? or channels opened bv natura for &b? meroe of alt nations, In 1850, the Paraguay wa? ?ade free by fceatyvend in De?et*p?ry 1800? the Emperor ef BrasU bv,l?M.?bi dseree, declared the Am*?* td bo iepfeu ! to, fOONOL?DED ON JOUR?? ??0B.)