Keowee courier. (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, July 20, 1867, Image 1
<l 7w f/tiff? own self be true, and it must follow,
BY ROBT. A, THOMPSON & CO.
~ as toe niyht flic day, tltov can'-sl net then be false to any
P1CKENS COURT HOUSE, S, C, SATURDAY, JULY 20, 1867.
VOL. II..NO. 43.
POLITICAL.
Tho South ns Seen by Senator Wilson.
Mr. .Wilson declined the first invitation to
?peak nt thc anti slavery convention in Hes
ton, but was afterwards called up and 'made
?onie remarks :
Of thc South, in reply to thc statement of
Philips and others, ho said it wns to-day moro
radical than radical Massachusetts. In his
tour over the ?South, ho had heard nothing
but the very essence of radical sentiment.
Hut thc great danper to Republican institu
tions in the South is the want of education
As things now go, thc slave is in danger of
acquiring habits of his old master-that of
intoxication and brutality. Of the liberty of
speech, he said that he was not afraid to suv
in thc South anything that be deemed or
seemed proper, to soy in the city nf neston.
While in the South, he made thirty-two speech
c< to large audiences, and on no occasion was
be hissed or interrupted, and he never spoke to
groat masses of people who listened with great
er attention, or who seemed more anxious to
learn and understand every word that l.e said.
There was no more danger in speaking there
than in any part of the North, lie then spoke of
thc election, and felt sanguine that 11 wry would
return both to their Slate Legislature.-- md to
Congress good nun and true, both white and
black, and if he was not mistaken, the Re
publican party uambi, in the next election,
carry eight of the cloven Southern States.
lt is therefore, our duty, ns good citizens, l?\
encourage thc petal work now gjdngnn, ratl er
than to bc quarreling with each other. In
ten years, he believed these Sp?tes wouhl be
thc radical St.ites of lite Union. In referring
to the amendment (for'tir? Sinfos) boaidng up
on thc right of suffrage, he said that if it Was
not effet live, if it did not dr the work ns it
ought tn be* done, then he would have it en
grafted upon the Constitution of thc United
State*, where no men or set of men can cl inn ire
it. The military men in command of (he
South, ho regarded ns>t|ll Republicans of Ibo
most trustworthy ctass and If things progress
under their administration es they are now
moving on. in less than five years South Car
.olina iind^Ooorgia will be licensing Massa ch tl.
setts of being too conservative,
A special correspondent of tho New York
Herald," writing from Reston, on the 1st in
Mant, says that he has had nu interview willi
Senator .Wilson, hud we extract from his let
ter tho following interesting statement (if
true) concerning thc Senator's views on the
political situation :
Concerning the condition nf rocnest wet inti.
Mr. Wilson said that he hold'tho same opin
ion now as when he returned from the South.
As to-the'mutter nf admitting the Southern j
States to their former status, he claimed that
if they complied with the terms laid down in
the reconstruction bill, and elected men who
could take the oath, no member nf Congress
had any right to say that new eondilinnsshonlil
bo hil posed ; for lite law said that they shall
be admitted when they comply with its re
quirements. Ile would like tn have added
another condition-that it should he obliga
tory for every State to establish an impartial
system of common schools . but he. felt bonni)
io say that he met no man, of wdtnfcror par
ty, at the South, who was not in favor nf es
tablishing Mich n system. He believed (hat
it would be esl a bli.? lied, because all intelligent
men were agreed that, now that the negroes I
were free, ii was important that they slieifld he
educated.
He believed, be said, that all the Southern
States could be represented in Congress be
fore tho next Presidential election; that they
.would participate in it, and that it was very
important, both from a party and a national
?ioint of view, that they should do so. 1 f the
{? publican party went into (he campaign with
the South under military tule, it would be ,
<-J;?rged upon ilu<??? with poworfuf elTeet. in
*uch State? Hf Fun \vl\"mia timi New York. (
thai, while the military le- "I'S bad crushed
tho rebellion, ila re was nm. Mesmnnshi)
enough ambler political lend rs toivStrri'O I hose
conquered Sti.tes to their proper posit. -
3*imincially, ?md in ibo I nt er? vt ofbusitlc,.'
?Iso, it ?a important that, as soon ns the South,
on a basis of equal rights and prof eel Son for
till, cnn be restored, it should be done; for
then the republic nnd tho Republican prudy,
with thc Southern Strifes in Congress, wouhl
tooth bo stronger. Ile believed that, thc Re
publicans would curry half of the Snot bern
??'tates, nnd ho was ?jaift? stare af ?Min third j
niter he was also of the belief thal, nt ltft? next
election, thc Republicans will carry the-cronn
tvy ovorwholminply ; for innstpUeh ns they
have freed the nation, they ought tn adminis
ter' it for some time to come. ' He lind ho
doubt whatever flint tho speech of Henornl
Howling* i? on approved exposition of the.
political creed of General Grunt, and he wns
equally confident that ho will be the next
President Of the Uniled Stale?. He bad Ibo
most pcrfcot faith in General Grant's thorough
sympathy with Congress and the principles of
flh*ltopublicnn pnrty, and spoke of him as an
out-tind out Republican-n radical-and said
further^ that ho had always advised thc South
ern tuen who come to see him tn go in for the
Congressional platform,and nottoaJnliatowith
tito copporhonds, whom the country would
never again tolorato in noWer. General Grant,
bo said, hud declared that all his gcnorals who
go South titrn radicals, nrtd' (jhat thoy will nv
erage moro radicals than tho Massachusetts
delegation. Grant ho said, wns squarely in
fayot of m?phpod. suffrage,, and has quietly
given all tho aid in his power to tho Congres
sional .programme. Congress, ho thinks,
ought to confine itself, nt the July session, to
hbo, passage of art amotidatbrV Act, and thoti
adjourn j and ho further; Iklic.vcd' that; iti
would do so.
In speaking of Grant's antecedents, lie
said it was an error to report that he wa* ox
er a Peinocrat, Ile wns an Old Whig, but
voted for Buolintutn ou account of porsniitil ob
jections to Fremont. Ile supp?t ted Lincoln,
in 18(5-1, with all his heart 1 Ic did not think
that thc impeachment of President J ob nf on
would occurr, for tho proposition bad failed
to take any hold upon the country. He was
< pposnd to confiscation, for it was too late in
the day for that policy. We might have done
anything after Lee surrendered ; but confisca
tion now would produce a regular Ireland in
the South. Tho most intelligent ungi?os
.he met were opposed to it, nnd believed
there was no need of it. Wc ln>vc .45,000,
000 acres of public hinds in the South to day
which were opened for the whites hist Janua
ry, and for the negroes six months liefere.
Not one-fifth of it is taken up. Herder land
issn cheap, and the wages of thc negroes so
good,'on tho leverage, that any industrious ne
gro eau buy land today, lt is easier for a
negro lo ?rot a homestead now than fur nu in
duirions working man in New Fngfaud.
Wc could settle 'J.OOU.OOO of negroes on our
present public lands in thc Soul li, counting
five on every eighty acres, without .'?isf.nrbiiig
anybody. In addition tn tliis, the hind in the
South is heavily mortgaged, and large tracts
will soon be in the market at. cheap rates.
In short, the Senator takes a hopeful view
of tho situation, and believes that the Sontb
will poon bc clothed in its right mind again,
and have a place in thc councils of the na
tion as an equal compeer of her recent con
querors.
The French Exhib? ion
One of the wonders of modern times, and
unexampled indeed in the world's hisforj*, is
thc Paris Inhibition, which is now attracting
crowds lo ibo most brilliant Capitol nf Hu
lope. A brilliant, conception of flic French
Kinporor, it has more than realized his antic
ipations, in the richness and variety of tho
Contributions from tho industry of all nations,
thc universal interest which it "has evoked,
and tho large concourse of crowned beads
which it. has attracted. Thc workshops of
tho artfsan, the galleries of art, royal palaces
and private mansion, have unlocked their
richest stores to swell thc more than regal
cplfiwlm. nod profusion of thc display. Thc
beholder might well imagine in contemplating
this fairy palace of art, that ho was viow?n/?
some scene of K?stern enchant ment. Not
tho least interesting feature of the Exhibi
tion are (ho varied specimens of the. r/nnis
hourn- for Ibo first time brought together, and
chief among these thc crowned beads of thc
world. Wc quote thc words of thc " Charl
eston News:"
'! he Cueon of England sent her sons to
pay their 1" -neets to Napoleon ; thc King and
Queen of the Belgians caine, thc guests of
his Imperial MajoMv. The Czar and one of
his sous did not disdain to partake of the
Kmperor's hospitality. Tito Crown Prince of
Prussia came, and returned lo Perlin, delight
ed wirb the regal reception accorded him.
His august father, King William, in company
with Count Bismark came next, and has re
turned again to the City by thc Spree. Vic
tor Fmanuel will arrive this week, so also thc
Sultan of Turkey ; and most wonderful to
tell, about the first of July, tho Emperor of
(mina is expected in Paris, thc guest of Lou
is Napoleon
This last is unquestionably the mt>*t re
markable event rn modern history. The Ty
coon of" Japan is also represented in Puris by his
brother, lt is reasonable,-we think, to infer
from this event, that the (?rent Wnll) that
hitherto kept outside barbarians both from
Cb?r>A and Japan, will soon ho levelled, never
again to obstruct the onward march of civili
zation and Ch ria tinnily.
We have not nnnwed many of the European
Sovereigns and Princes, who have viwifced, or
aro yet to visil Paris ; clWrrrg dbe present sum
mer. Napoleon wvs thc Srst monarch who
ever conceived thc brilliant projicctt cf assem
bling thc crowned beads of the world around
an exhibition of the triumphs of Ibo world's
industry. This is an excellent preliminary
step to his etnor scheine of bringing about a
Kuroponn Congress for tihe adjudication of va
rious questions of coiilfnoiiball Mifercst-one
of them a general disarmament.
A fte" quoting an extract from tho IVorltf,
thc " Pichmoud Whig," remarks :
The World is thc organ of the Northern
Democracy, and when it speaks of ? our poli
cy," it moans thc policy of thc Democratic
party. As wo interpret ?ts binguie, it in
tends lo say that the worse thc people, cd' tho
South are treated by the party in power, tho
bettor it will be for tho Democratic party,
since thc causes of complaint and thc grounds
of objection against tho Republican parly will
be stirengthed in proportion to thc outrages
they prnsfiW. l t is the intereab of thc Dem
ocratic party that thc people of the South
should bo oppressed4, wronged and' outraged
to the last degree by the Republican party.
lt is in the interest ef tho Demooratic Purty
that thc people of tho South should provoke
punishment mid court martyrdom. This
" policy" was neted upon by tho Democratic
members of Congress during tho last session.
It was owing to their refusal to accept moro
lenient terms that tho rigors of thc Shcrninn
Sliellnbnrgcr law wcro ii.flioted on us. Wo
hopo it will no longCr bc considered by ^on
gross that thorc is any connection, affiliation
or sympathy between tho people of tho South
and tho Domocratio party. Wo were suffi
ciently viotimi'/odi by that pnrty in hoing en
couraged' to attempt secession-we protest
agninft bc-ing sul^cotcd to new tortures- for
the suspicion of being stilL inclined fo Db1
mooraey.
\ A'lit. ia not/ ybltb that* gliUors.
Important Letter from Gen. Sicklea.
Thc following is thc letter from Maj. Gen.
Sickles, Commanding this District, referred
to in our telegraphic columns:
CHARLESTON, S. C. duly 6, 1807.
My Dmr Sir :-I have decided not to be
gin registration in this District until Congress
determines who shall be registered. I trust,
therefore, that it will bo tho plcasuro of Con
gress to extend thc time for tho complexion
cf my registration, until-say, Octoheror No
vember. If I proceed now, and disregard
tho wishes of the. President, my action would
he regarded as insubordination ; if I follow
his intimations, many Would probably he reg
istered not eligible according to She Kruc in
terpretation of the Aels of Congress.
if it is mea III that all who have held .1113'
office, Federal, State or tnuncipal-having ta
ker/ art oath of office rv swppvrt the Constitu
tion of thc United States, and afterwards en
paged in rebellion, or given aid and comfort,
etc., av? disfranchised, t his should he express
ly doola rod, otherwise, if left to construct ion,
it may he held that 110 ot ho: officers are inclu
ded fhan those classes eu.',vtM#rated it* Article
VI. of tho Constitution, and that over* as to
tho?!y? full pardon removes thc disqualifica
tion.
If tt t's meant to exclude lawyers, they
should bc expressly mentioned, or else dos
cri?)ed hy some ehMsi fica rion ; as for example,
after the word " office," odd " ony licensed
ealtir/g or employment, o? prafe;?s?on." Oth
erwise, if thc eligibility of lawyers he left to
construction, it may la; held. >har a lawyer is
not a puhlio officer, til though a functionary of
a Court or other judicial body.
The truth is, we have now innovation two
distinct systems of reconstruction, originated
hy Congreso, and engrafted upon thc l'rosi
ident's plan of reconstruction. Tho first Con
gressional plan ls expressed in the Howard eon
stitutiohal amendment, fearing su ff ra po to he
regulated hy the several States, and imposing
upon certain classes of persons disqualification
for office, as a jnmVslvmvsiS for rebel Iron and
as a safeguard for the fufft'r?-'. Thai plan hav
ing been refused by tho rebol States, Congress
passed the Rcconst: uotb?t.> Acts, which font)
a second scheme of reconstruction, entirely
distinct in p?ne?p?c and pian from thc former,
?n thc second plan, Congress iiraumcs contro\
of tho quoetion nf ?nflYnce. mhreViw uto?,
ded to ?rh?) can taken prescribed oath, and
also enforces tho disqualification for office,
which would have been the pesai and conser
vative feature of the first plan. Now, fl scorns
to mo that the true conservative gt. .rantec
against reaction is in the addition made to tho
loyal vote by thccnfrancriiscmcntof thccolorcd
people. That hoing done, thc occasion tor the
disqualification clause ceases. Hewie, the true
solution, I believe, is to declare, with universal
sufiiflgo, a general amnesty-nmniiig the ex
ceptions. A more liberal amnesty is, in my
judgment, essential to the success of tito Con
gressional plan of rcconstriiition. It will en
large thc range of popv'nr choice for thc im
portant judicial, executive a?il legUdafcivo de
partments of the State Oovornptonts, other
wise inconveniently con li ned lo classes very
few of whom are lit to hold oflieo. Tho peo
ple can surely he 0 nf ms fer?' BOjildg/i'fttld se
lect front those who took part rn tho rebellion,
the men at once qualified and aincore in their
adhesion to thc new order of things. Such
men, hoing eligible to office, will hove, mo
tives to identify themselves with- reconstruc
tion, and to support the views of tflc majarityV
Now, more than ever, men of ability and ex
perience in publie business aro needed for thc
State Governments in tho South l and it is
truly unfortunate that'nt snell a moment near
ly all who know anything of public affairs,
?ind especially those who could fill j'.wi i cia I
stations, arc disfranchised. This exposes thc
experitnentof general suffrage tn 11 cod'CHI'h az
ania. If thc experiment fail) it' ik most likely
to fail from thc inability of thc p?oplii to put
in office those who could and would assure
?ucees?. lt would have been advantageous
perhaps to have removed" marty disaffected
persons, especially .Judges, Sheriffs,and Mag
istrates, in the execution of the-sixth section
of the Act of ?d March, if competent suc
cessors could have been found among those
who are eligible to office. And 1 would re
gard the p< s ession now of a wider field of '
choice for civil officers, ns ono of tho most ef
fective instrumentalities in tho execution of
the military authority conferred upon Ifistriot
Commanders. As it is, 1 find myself preven
ted, n's will the people by and hy, from secu
ring for thc public service men of aptitude rind
character, whdifc repentance is as certain as
the devotion of thc most consistent loyalists.
In truth tho zeal of sonto of tho converts out.
mus tho discretion of tunny of tho faithful.
With reference to otlibr practical suggestions,
it might bc useful if Congress, hy one of its
committees, intoiTogntcd the commanding of
ficers of tho several districts upon tho opera
tion of tho rxoconftruetion Acts, and thc fur
ther legislation required.
Very respect fully, .
I). F. SICKLFS.
Hon. LYMAN THUMIUTLL, Chairman Judici
ary Com tuft toe, Iii S. Senate
From Washington.
WA8irtNOTON, July 10.-In tho Ifouso to
day tho time, for baking ovidenco in tho Ken
tucky election, wis extended to P'eeomber.
A committco of five was appointed to cn
quiro into tho treatment of Union prisoners,
with powor to send for porson and papers.
A lilli was introduced extending tho pro
visions of tho Homestead Act to Alabama,
Arkansas, Mississippi, Louisiana and Florida,
Tho Hill was roforrcd to tho Reconstruction
tfcmmittoc.'
Tho Oomtnlt'tdd on Foreign Rolations wor<
directed to enquire whether any Amcrioar
iHtiiicus had benn arrest ed. and convicted! ir
Great lint?.II for words spoken in America.
Mr. Wilson stated timi thc Committee on
the Judiciary had requested him to state that
they , wore not ready to report on impeach
ment.
Mr, Pout wei I offered a concurrent resolu
tion to adjourn to October next. This elic
ited a warm debate, which was interrupted by
tho announcement of Dennison's death.
After thc delivery of eulogies on the de
ceased tho House udjourned.
Iii'lhc Senate the consideration of the Ju
diciary Committee's Reconstruction Rill was
resumed.
Aa amendment giving commander? power
to fill vacancies by appointing citizens or de
tailed soldiers, was adopted by a vote of yeas
20, nnys if,.
The following was added to the sixth sec
tion :
"Whether holding such office nt thc time
of tho rebellion or before."
Denn ISon's death was announced and eulo
gies pronounced and thc Senate adjourned. '
WASHINGTON, July ll. - In the Senate,
Howard withdrew his amendment,which spec
ified certain classes entitled to register, with
the remark, that as there was a large share of
judicial, power left in the hands of district
commanders, it would, perhaps, bc as well to
leave them to determine the matter. Thc
fouyih section was amended hy adding, that
any person appointed hy a district commander
inay;be removed by him. Drake introduced
an -amendment, demanding some additional
guarantees preliminary to the admission of
representatives ; but it was ruled out of order.
Drake appealed from thc Chair. Thc Senate
sustained thc Chair by 24 to 18. Rueknlew
offered bis amendment, milking the vote for
Congressmen cumulative, and giving each
elector as many votes as there were Congres
sional Districts in the State, and allowing him
to cast nil his votes for. ono candidate, or di
vido thom nt pleasure; which was ruled out
of order-22 to 7. The Senate continues in
session, nnd will probably not adjourn until n
vot? is obtained.
Jn the House, nfter unimportant business,
the consideration of tho concurrent resolution
of tdjournmont was resumed. Elaborate nr
gunjeuts with regard to impeachment ensued.
F i rt idly, Stoverns moved thc previous question
CJi^t?reftolntioti that thc Judiciary. (>ni<tii.
Tfe^rfrowLsred to report partially this session.
Tho Rollin nd for tho previous question was
not sustained. Wilson moved that thc com
mittee bo ordered to report at thc next ses
sion?'nnd that it bo allowed to print 1,500
copies of tho report. There wns a demand
for the previous question, which was sustained,
nnd thc resolution passed. Stevens then said
ho abandoned thc matter, nnd moved that the
resolution lie on thc table. Thc House nd-*
journod lo meet nt 8 o'clock this evening
Ai X o'clock, the Senate passed thc bill and
adjourned.
Iilustor-Rolls of the Confederate Army.
The " New York Tribune" publishes an
abstract from documents which fell into the
bands of thc United States at thc downfall of
the Confederacy, of thc returns of all tho
Confederate armies, from their organization in
the summer of IS'.?l down to the spring of
180?. It appears from these documents that
thc number of Confederate troops nt the enst
and Ibo west was throughout nearly equal,
and that, with thc exception of September,
1603, when Longstreet, with his corps, was
sent from Virginia to Tennessee, no conside
rable body of soldiers wns ever transferred
from one army to thc other. The greatest
number on the Confederate muster-rolls at any
one time was 6r>0,000, and this was when ev
ery male from 17 to 50 was enrolled in thc ar
my. Thc greatest number present for duty
at nay one timo in the whole Confederacy,
and.that for only a brief period, wa? 800,000.
There wero not three periods of a month when
they had 250,000. At ouly three periods did
tho srmy of Northern Virginia, nnder Leo,
number 100,000 men fit for duty.
In October, 1801, when MoClollan con
fronted Johnston at Manassas, tho actual force
of Johnston was less than 40,000, and in De
cember, only 54,000. When iii Aprib LS62,
McClellan landed on tho Peninsula, Magru
der lind 15,000 mon ; and When McClellan
assailed Yorktown thc Confederates lind-on
thc whole Peninsula less than 50,000. When
ho reached thc Chickuhomihy tho' Confede
rates bad? at Richmond but 47,000, increased
nif the close of Mny to nbont fiO,000 effectives.
On thc 20th of June, when lice began his
niovomcntagainst McClellan, thc Confederates
numbered a little more than 100,000 effective
men. When after tho battlb df Gettysburg,
Meade readied the Rnppahanno?k, Lee bad
41,000 men. Thc Confederacy was nt its
highest point of mililnry efficiency in thc car
ly summer of 18G3, when the movement {tito
Pennsylvania wns commenced. Fvory nblc
bndicd' innn, except those in the workshops
niul civil dopnrtinonts, was enrolled ; sevon
ont of ton'were actually present, and six out
of ten wore " present f?r" duty:" When thc
Confederado nruiy, in April, 1805, wi th d row
from Petersburg, it is supposed not lo- hnvo
niimoered, nil told, 85,01)0 men.
TiH-vSiMtKKT RAILWAY.-On Friday, ,Tivno
28, tho street cars curried four thousand throe
hundred pnssongerS which is thoiargest num
ber of porsons that hhVc ridden on thc road
since it was first oponod. Tho full ituhibe.r ol
er. t were tunning, and tho road gave ovcrj
sign of prosperity.- Mercury.
jt3T In Alabama, 70,000 white personi
havo boen admitted to tho poor list. In Nortl
Carolina not less than 20,000 have asked fo
help.
-? ?
Contentment is thc elixir of life.
lit.
mm- ? ^mrnm*nmtrmmmi*mmi?mi*rm A til mi ?* I mm
The Stftto Penitentiary.
iT.s I'ROOKKKS, rnosrBcrs, id.
Knowing that a detailed description of this"
long desired- enterprise would not be Uninter
esting to our readers, we arc enabled, through
thc kindness of an e?*ttceincd'TO?yei?pondcnt, to
furnish an account of thc prt)p>?f?;<t btnldfatg.
I Tho grounds nre situated in t$i?\c!bfporatc
limits of Columbia, at ?ha foo* of Plaitortrect,
al >^t twenty minutes walk from thc market,
and iminedi:?5'ejy on the Canal, and are at prcM
ont oncloscd by a high wooden wall twelve
feet in heighir with only one ent rance through
which access i's gained to thc winks. All
visitors are required to enter through thc
Clerk's olliec, and tbore register before being
admitted to thc prison. As yet, the con
struction of the cells alone occupies the atten
tion of the architect, but by reference to thc
drawings, a good estimate'can bc formed of
thc arrangement of the Structure. On enter
ing the main archway, large stairways lead
fadtn thc right nnd loft to the upper stories.
Tbc basement is divided into rooms, which
will be used as laundry and storerooms, nnd
the large aro in tho centre will bc devoted to
cooking, beating, and like purposes. To-the
right and left *?e ?he norrh and south wings,
wh??c thc cells are located. These arc isola
latcd, having no connection with the walls'of
the building, and arc accessible by a stairway
and a balcony. There are fifty cells on every
tloor in cash wing, and they are five tiers high,
tims making two hundred and tifty cells in
each wing, linell of these ceVta nre five by
eight feet in plan, nnd haven height of seven
feet, resting on n stone paving eighteen inch
es thick, which extends to the outer walls,
and would render any escape by that direction
impossible. Knoll cell is provided with nil
the modern appliances for supplying ?ir, wa
ter, ive., and on thc top in. caeb Wing,' large
cisterns will bc furnished, these will contain
thc water from thc roof, but will bc princi
pally supplied from the river by means of a
large Turbine whee!). Sewers, drains' o-tfd
pipes aro arranged throughout the building,
and every attention paid to thc hygiene of thc
establishment. Thero is a condor fourteen
feet wide passing around thc cells and paved
with eighteew ita?h granite blocks", nridWtcuds
to the wall of the building- Thc central
building combines ali the apartments of db
?oinr rfiniiy unvMf" rr.?..?... .1 ...?^r.???,.. >.,. ,l,r>oi%i
tn), chapel, parlor, offices, Sus.
The Pe?nalo department'?S to- tho. right of
thc male, nnd combTnoirall the various divis
ions of thc latter, wirb tho addition of alargo
work room, and the cells on thc upper floor
nrc somewhat larger than those used by tho
male convicts, being (3x8 and 7 feet high.
They are 48 in number, which is a fair pro
portion of females to1 n;o-le??. This proportion
is based on the statistics of other prisons j:i
thc United States.
Thc pressing want nf a habitation nnd em
ployment for the convicts that were waiting
in every district of the State, rendered it nec
essary to commence thc construction of the
cells first, and up to this time forty cells have
been completed and ready for the reception of
convicts. Each of these cells will accommo
date throe convicts if the prossurc require it.
Thc isolated condition of thc cells admits
of thc construction of thc main building nt
any time.
The areli i tee t, Major T. ?V. Lee, linn" devo
ted nil of his engineering skill end ingenuity
to thc interest of the Slate, and will eventual
ly succeed in cr??trng a building whose mag
nitude will compnrc with any in our country,
and for economy of construction enrinct bc
excelled by any'thot has been erected.
The quarry has been located on Ifrond riv
er, one mile from this work nnd immediately
on thc canal. Py means of nu inclined plane,
800 feet in length, and a chain pnssing around
a drum the stone is brought into thc yardi -
Thc water of the canal furnishes thc motive
power, and by a skillful arrangement of ma
chinery rock is now removed that would for
merly have required thc labor of twenty bov
sov. Afc present 40,000 lbs. of mok ore put
into tho yard with the nnsistnnctvof only four
laborers.
Various temporary sheds and buildings fol
tho ?inmediato1 construction of thc building
hnvc been erected bil the grounds, and thc la
bor of thc convicts is directed toward-'tito con
struction cf thc prison.
His Excellency the (Mvernor, in company
with Glenorn! Purton, visited tho Penitentiary
on tho 20th ult.-, and were escorted n rou nd
thc expensive grounds by thc Architect arid
Engineer, MnjwT?xwi. ll. Leo. Up tb (his
dato thc visitor!/ register shows over 800 vis
itors sinco thc Titi, nf Ma?. The roll of con
victs now number* fv2, the majority of vhoni
aro strong and aria bodied hands. Tho)
wor?? v?cl?,.niid,fiw.wcli clothed and.fed.
[CfmrtestoH Daily Kev?i.
NRW OHT?KANS, July 0,-The "Times'
of this morning has n special dispatch fron
Houston, giving a detailed account of thc ex
edition of Maximilian, Mir-amon mid Mejia
None of them. wvre honud or blindfolded, not
was any indignity offered to thom ns reported
Maximilian, before beir.gshot, l-cnpitulatct
tho causes which brought him to Mexico, nm
do'iied the authority of tho Court to sontenc
him. Ile said ho hoped his death Would stn]
tho effusion of blood ll) Mexico.
Miramon spoke from a paper', and said tba
thb only regrets ho felt in dying wore that th
Liberals should remain iu povtfor and'his ohil
dren bo pointed alf atr tho ohildvcn of a trail
or. Mojia mado no address.
Maximilian called a sergeant of (he guard
!gavo him .n haiHlftti of g>ld, and rcqucstc
him as a favtor tb silti' rit'his boort. Five ball
entered his breast, but he was not shot quit
doad. Two soldiers woro oallcd out and sh<
him in thc side, finishing him. Much dil
satisfaction and griof was manifested, by tl
spectators.. .
? " J
Thc sword of Maximilian was presented by
Fscobedo ?o-Juarez in thc go vern meut palace.
WASHINGTON, July 9.-The Mexican Le
gation bas oflicial inforination regarding San
ta Anna's arrest, and contradicting tho stato
mont that be was forcibly taken from tho
steamer Virginia.
N-KW ?felteAtos; .T-uly TX).- Madame Jua
rez hntl; parly, numboiihg fifteen peinons, sh
rived berti lust' night, mid left this morning
for Vern Cruz on board thc Revenue Cutter
Wilderness, Captain Freeman. They will
have but slender accommodations, ns thc ves
sel was noi built for carrying passengers. .
We have received tbe "Rrownsvillo Ranche
ro,"- of the -1th instant, containing the' pub
lished proceedings of the Court' Mar tiki in
the trial of Maximilian and his ( ?ener?is'.
Thc ?Cd?rt watf Composed of a Lieutenant
Colonel ns President, mid six Captains ;' .Lieu
tenant, Col on cl Manuel Aspiroz, acted ns
Judge Advocated
The prisoners were tried separately. Euell
plea contained a denial of thc jurisdiction of
thc Court and a protest against the refusal of .
thc right of appeal. Maximilian was contincd
to Iiis bcd when bis case was called, his trial
being the last, lie was ably defended by
Senor Eulnlio Ortega, refuting thc charges of
being; an usurper and of cruelty. Ile said
thc law of tho od of October was made when
Maximilian was cheated into thc belief that
Juarez had abandoned thc territory and that
in articles of that law dictated to thc French
commander-in-chief, it was stated that tho
law was only intended to produce terror.
lt was aiso staled that a petition had never
beert presented by prisoners, but had always
been conceded. Counsel earnestly asked thc
members of the Court, in the name of civili
zation and thc history which will judge of the
? terrible deeds done this day, as thc deibuders
of the second independence of Mexico, to save
tho good natue of the country and ages of
coming gciicratio'..r? Would forever applaud the
crowning of the' greatest victories by greater
pardon!1.' .
Among ibo accusations against Maximilian
was thal of attempting J,o prolong thc war by
the decree of March Vth, creating n regency
in case of hl?f death in coming battleB.
Jesus-Maria. Vasquez, one of Maximilian's
counsel, closed thc argument ns fplbtffts : , "J^
not uneasy about a coalition in lSuropc, Ortho
threatening attitude that' tho United States
may nscumc towardo tho Republic. I havo
confidence in tho LibornJ armies thnt havo
voutod out tho French from thc soil, but I
fear' thc unlverL-id' reproach that will full upon
;out conn try 'nsf. ah anathema more than even
the sentence of death, because of the nullity
of thc pr^ .'codings of this Court.
Thc Cdttrt. commenced nt eight A. M.'on
thc 13th and went into secret session on tho
evening of the ldt|i,,and was dissolved at ten
o'clock thc sn.mc night.
The steamer Raleigh, hence for Ilavaun,
has on board rr).*ut ton Austrian officers, who
arrived fro tit1 Vc iii Cruz via Mobile, and now
go- to Il'vyrma with thc view of remaining
there until they havo an opportunity to join
some M-pxiiftn'chieftain nf enmity with Jua-,,
roz. Among- them- arc Major Herron and
Darning's Bureau. Thc latter was a Milita
ry Commissary nt Vera Cruz. They declare
tliftt'tiicy wiii remain in Mexico and avengo
Maximilian's death ; that a few days will seo
a power foil chieftain nt ibo head of n largo
anti-Juarez party, and thc remnant of tho
Austrians will rendezvous at Havana, from
whic'.i point they will rcturu to Mexico.
A large number of Maximilian's' olf.ocrs
and soldiers, representing several nations, nrc
in this ci ty, all wearing ?nourning badges for
Maximilian-.
! PREPARE ron TURN irs.-Wc would Uko
that our farmers bc more impressed with tho
importance of this crop? A few hifrts and
facts may possibly lend'to this dcsirablo result.
Thc prejudice hcrctbforo existing to somo de
gree ageing bhdWtt? baga variety, wc aro glad,
.is fast disnfipc'it.ng. Thc " Southern. Agri
'ciilWtaVifit" riVys :
?f tbc'^.?tn?p crop is so valuable to Eng
land, how much more so may it bc in tho
Southern States, where they do not havo to
bc ?wiled or housed ? Hero are thc natural
pastures of thc world, and with the ruta bnga
and other turnips, to help out tho feed, tho
Southon i States can surpass England in tho
production of wool, ns inuoh os they do now
in cotton.
To such n state of perfection.have thc Eng
lish brought thc culture of turn'ps, that they ?
have revolutionised tho agriculture of tho
kingdom, and thc turnip crop of. England if? g
annually worth moro th tin tho cotton Cjfoji'of
thc United States. Sow common turnips ia '
Aifgust, September and October. Tho ruta
baga may bc sown from 20th July to Septem-. . .
ber; should bc planted in drills, two fcot .
apart, nmb thinned ont to"twolvo or fourteen
inches. Tho rutabaga is destined soon to
work a great change in Southern ngriculturo.
They nrc as easily managed as tho common'
turnip? aro more nutritive, keep muon longer, ,
and afford1 greens equal to collards, if not BU-- \'A
perter. Stock of nil kinds arc fond of them,
and-from their rich golden color, ?weet and
delicate flavor, aro unsurpassed for tho table. .
Farmers, try the ruta bngn, and learn how it'"^
saves thc corn-crib. Tho ruta bagn is not in
clined to seed in this climate ; but thisjs abor?,
ofit rather than an objection, ns thereby tho
toots koop ?lound much longer.
K LAWYK.1, who Was pleading tinycause pf
an infant plaintiff, took tho oh HU in bbl arms
and presented it. to tho jury suffused with
tears. This hAd n groat effect, till tho oppo
site lawyer asked him what made h)?\ ory??k?j?
" Ile pinched mc," nnsworcd the little in?o?j|
cent. Thc whole court was convulsed ^jjjjS