Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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I '"N . / A , ) { ^S^B^HlPSlWl^fer SfAfe" W?? Ft? H? /rj rj: r^ p^ ^ > v\* ? Wat/ 3 P i$ih i In! i 111 \ri I H Dpi-m " "\J\ JEl ILL' l/u J~S Jj ; \^J {^J 1^' JU LI _j J(J mva durable j - ; .. ., *' vv" " " ' Hue n<- >* ?? "TO TII1NK OWN SKLP 1JK TKUU, AND IT ;.4tTST FOLLOW, AS TIIK NIGHT TIIF, I)AV, TIIOH CANST NOT Til FN HI'. FALSI-: TO ANY MAN." BY ROB'T. A. THOMPSON. PICKBNS COURT HOUSE, S. C. SATURDAY, DECEMBER 4, 185& VOL. X. |iU. poiiimfcAt. 11 GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE. I bellow Citizen# nj'li'te Hjnato and Hhuc oj' I Uepvescntulice.-i; j Uiulor the provision (if a wise and well- t balanced Constitmion. the chmc of Autumn ji brings with it the season of deliberation for ' the common weal. Assembled, therefore, in , council, I greet yon with a grateful heart, sensibly impressed by the mercies wo have .v oxneriohced the nasi year, and wiili m? <-v. ' prcsalon of inv willingnOHs and desire to N unite with you in alt that can contribute to ( the welfare of tlio State. t It i^ again my painful duty to announce | a vacancy in tlio Senate of the United States, j Oil the 7th of May. a despatch from tin? seat of Government informed nio of the very sudden termination of Judge Evans' useful life, i ( at the close of the day hefure-? a day oeou- -v pied an usual by his Senatorial labors. n Onthcllth. I received olllcial infovina- 1 tion of the melancholy event from the Vice t President of the United States. Full of years and full of honors, possessing an honest, , good heart, and a mind sound, clear and vig- . onius to the last, his was the happiness, at ! 1 the clnsc of uwell spoilt lifo, to lender unto 1 his Creator the spirit which lie gave, at a mo- | 1 meat's warning, without regie!, and whilst j v at his post, engaged in tlie active duties of I * the h'gn trust confided to him liy tlie Sa'e. ! , Attached to the Revolutionary history of his country, and tiensuring in his retentive 1 mtm >iy much knowledge of its incidents,his : familial ity with the rules of law, and with t its judicial administration, rendered his in- ,s dustrious service on the Sonate'a C> uiinit- ! f tfce*. exceedingly useful to tlmt body and : ^ valuable to the (Jovernment. Learning that ' thn rc*miiins nf imr vntnnil Si>?n?>ii> i" ! ? interred at his own homestead, I instructed I 1 my Aid-de-e.anip to proceed to the North-eas- ' ' turn border of the .Slate, and attend tliem i tlience to their tiuiil resting place. In view i of the remaining days of the session, and re- f gurdihg it unwise, under the circnmstnnccs ^ then indicated, to transfer to the Senate one of our faithful Representatives in the lower 1 1 House, the inclination of my mind was not j 1 to lill the vacancy by an appointment. But ; ? mi lii.iriimtr if u-no ?!*?? !?#? ' - - ; ? p> "? " ?' < ; r Pele^ation to Imvo the sent filled, 1 forthwi'h ; appointed tho gallant Cel. Arthur P. llaync | to repair promptly o> the Onpitol. His com- ( mission, anted tlio 12th of Mny, nns to con- , tinne until the fourth Monthly in November, ('2'Jd innt.) I now submit to your wisdom and ' discretion. the election of a successor in the < Senate, until the 4th of March next, tho nn- 1 expired term of the late Hon. Jo-iah Kvuns. ] I'll.. .. I i...t of the lii-M General Assembly. lim e Icon com- i pliod with as far ns prnctleablo. In respect to the work of deepening the channel of the 1 river, by the city of Savannah, application was made to the l'residont of the L'nitod 1 States, who promptly responded through the j | AN'ar Department, hy senaing the intelligent j oHeer in charge of the work to explain the | , plan of the Soicntilio Hoard wh > projected it. lis diagram was laid bofoio me, (tlio At tor- | nev General and sovoral members of the Into i 1 Legislature being present,) ami his opinion ! 1 seemed to be well founded, that in nil human j ' probability th* prosecution of the - work to ; ( the liiuitcil extent described, would produce j . 110 Injury to tho Carolina .ode, nor impede i , the navigation of the Savannah Hack Utver. j This opinion was concurred in by <i?noral j Totton. the able Chief of the United States | corps of Engineers. Tlio statue of Washington, to which my message of last November alluded. as having < been proposed by tlie lamented Senator But- , lor, wa? completed soon alter. Ascertaining in March that the artist was obliged to dispose of his work, and being cortiflcil that it was valuable. I took it for the State, at ten thousand dollars, advancing two thous- I anil dollars from the runtirmmit. fiiml I now ask an appropriation of eight thousand | i'oliiii .v, 111u piiVciitiSC aim f ?! j)0i?s;it0 fully tho ingenious Artist. Tlio statue is of bronze. It has boon placed in tho Orphan Hftuse grounds, in Charleston, muter the care of tho city authorities, until tl o New State House shall ho sufficiently finished to render it safo in the State grounds here. Tub Hrquest oy.Jackson.?At tho request | of C>d. K. 0. W. lii.t'.er, of Louisiana, a fa- ; vorlto Vflfd of (Sen. Jackson, and by outhor- ( ity (i'.ii.t M-. Andrew Jackson, the lioir arid . executor of tho to-dorator, I bestowed, on the 4th of .May last, his heriuost to the "patriot nf {Istwiliti'i m viilvnif in ilnfnurtA 1 t hid couuiry'd ri^hl?," up m tlio Piosi'lont of | il>o Pal diet to A-""?ciation. ami lii*. unocyssnrx , in oTicc, in trn-" f.?r t.lio Imi fyrvivop ??f tln< , ! S.Miru Carolina Ue^'wnont if v >luhteor.< i?. tho win- wit!> M u pr iji' iy k.i iwn u< tfic ' *' I' l met i Kogimotu. ' Tins w.n dono by proclamation, fwnichis reco.dol in tlift Sfflrotary nf 'StafoVs OlHi-.o. at Columbia, in Imi k ! A. A , MiffddllnnooM* Recrird*. patto .'57"), on < ik. ( ?i... i ? which is compose I of tho inoinborH remain- , ing of Mint devoted jreeimonU This was mi occasion of most gratolul interest, us tho A*- 1 ft icitition was privileged to entertain, as their ' owtor nnd guest, tho ro*peet?d ami liivod * Quitman, who, as Major Onnorol in tho lrni- , (?" to.t Stafos Ar.uy. eommandod tho division in ; whioli tho roginioat 9i;rvoil in tho Valley of . Mexico (Jnljought uh it was, ami unquoft- . tioned as it must cvor he, tho testimony of tllftt cralhint Hnldmr ami KtiM'liiiff nntl-iol in r favor ot* the courage nod conduct of the South 11 Carolina Volunteer*, in juicolcsn to thein? < tiriceloss to the State which ?enl thorn to the ( icld. Mournful, now, is iny task to an- j; nounco hisdoath. This oration was his last. . lie pronounced it before the Pal motto A?so- | ciation, oti the 4th of May. lie breathed his t i;?!?! , in iiuiiio, tfrtii'|inll_y. oil thO i?lu hi Jn- 1 W?Ami hi* remains lio nntoinliid near the 1 city of Natcho/., on tho loft bank of tlio Mi*- i Hijtsjppi. faithful. junt and kind to out broth- t crs. wh'vle *orvina; aw Koldior* in a foreign t land, wo honored and loved him' living-?and ( now I6t our prayers rtucond to- the gi?od God i to recrdvc him with approbation iiiio evorlunting habitations. < llAii.WAYB.?'Urcnt credit is due to the >f witorprifiinff oitizenw whtfhstve pronocusted f i ' with cnorp^ find ?ik!COh? tlio construction f [ of now faoilitiuH of trannportatiou for pan- 1 sengereflnd produce. It in notorious that * travel and (radp both incrcuso rapidly in 1 proportion to improved, /aoiliticH, and ho f icct 8-wr* to the public <lo these facilities oo? become, that no iailway i.s allowed (o ie discontinued, however profitless it may >e to its projectors. Indeed, where the >ropriotors in the vicinage arc stockholbcrs, he road cannot be suid to be. profitless, even ilthough il be far from yiulding a dividend, i ho capital thus invested in South (jaroli1a may be nut down at SIS.001).(100 i 4 , ;^vv, y V vliicli .sum the Suite holds shares aniountn<r to $2,}J 12,800,) and the extent ut' railViiy in working order :it 000 miles. The Mnirleston and iSavi.nnah Itailroad beyond ho Kdisto; the I'nion and Spartanburg \ailroad beyond I nionville; the Blue Llidgo lailroad beyond Pendleton, are all under ho activi; agency of their skillful and efli lent ollicers, in a course of successful contruotion. I have conlidcucc in every one, in! trust to see, at 110 distant day, the first inkingourcoimncrcial capital with tho (lull >i Mexico and New Orleans, the second ind third wit.h the Mississippi and Ohio. L'hc work lust mentioned, which 1 visited 11 September, is progressing through its arrier of granite with much order, reguarity and certainty. Nothing seems to be vauting to its completion iu the course ot uiti- yiMia ma >111 mil11iv- supply i)i moans, j l\vcnty-t\vo hundred feet of tunnel had boon | :ut into the Stump House Mountan, (thir- ; y-six hundred remaining.) Since that iuie the mhhlle tunnel 1uik been completed so far as to admit the passage of a hor.?e and nut. The masonry at Twenty-six Mile J reek, Seneca lliver and el so whore, is advancing satisfactorily, and soon the cars ivill he steaming up to the foot of the mouurni i ? i am. I uc ciiange wiuon is going oil 111 the Tgioil through which it passes, must be witnessed to be realized. Indeed, it is not mfiieiontly realized by the inhabitants of he vicinage generally, but the loss to them >vould be most sadly realized should the ivorlc, by any possibility, be stopped. I uinot bring myself to think of such a possibility to a work in which the pride of the UatC, ns well us the welfare and inestima Jiv rmui- UI u umaui mill llloi'U turret association witli our neighbors of Tennessee, Kentucky, Altibnninand Mississippi, is concerned. So important do ! hold this inter3ommunicntion tons, that 1 bolie\c it will Ito the policy of the State, as soon as the route by the Rabun (Jap is completed and in full operation, to lend her means, with the skill and energy of her engineers, to pushing forward another route of travel to eastern xcnncssec, uy cither tlie (.ireenk'illo or t1>c Spartanburg Head. Howls for tho last custahneut of the Statosubscription to the Hhio Kidge Railroad of 8200,000, ivaa signed bynic on the 2oth October last. Mii.itia System.?Tho militia system, though far from being perfect, and admilting of amendment in certain details, we must not be induced to abandon because ?f it.s interference with the convenience of i citizen, or the exaction of lines from defaulters oblivious of their public duties.? It has produced in the service of the conn try some 01 me nest soldiers outside of the regular army. The days of 177(>-^0, must never become so remote, nor can the memory of a gallant ancestry be. so forgotten as to permit their posterity, tho men of the clay, however groat the love of ease, to over look the fact, that their liberties*, as well as the public peace, ave in their own keeping, unci depend upon their own vigilance and ubility to protect and defend them. At any and all moments the citizen is liable to i be called into the field. How important, therefore, that he should not only cultivate steady habits of temperance and obedience himself, but. also encourage them in others ?how important, by associating at muster with tho men in his beat, to know who will u . _ t-? ...? % in; rename in tne nine 01 trial, upon wlioni i he iiifty depend for the confident toncli of the elbow when facing danger, or in combat. This bond of confidence is soon formsd among the mdtubers of the volunteer sompany; the sumo may be realized by a person who hes done his ^regular tour of Inty in the bo.it company ; upon the man, ivho.se study is how to avoid duty, all rca<oiling will he lost. Patrol duty is too generally overlooked. In reviewing the s.'vend regiments in the ^tute, I was gratified to find the officers yen orally with whom I communicated, intelligent and intent to know their duty, ns veil as willing and jup 'y proud to discharge t. To their number, the graduating classis of the Citadel Academy annually add dfioers already instructed and trained.? \mong the Generals of Division and IJrigide, I recognized ;i proper estimate of their josition, together with n knowledge of nnd ittention to business, which ouunot fail to rive increased confidence in the uiefulncHs ind value of the sytUOIn. Tbo lateUriga1! .. n I |?- - ? ? - * - ? .. iu:r ucm'.rai j u cnor r. rmiltli, ottlio I lined 8t. itfls Army, quo of the most efficient mil intelligent oflioers in the service, was tppnititcd from the uiilitia of his State.-? lie it was who niied the battle of ConTeras, the first which was fought in the VlLilfW 'if AlAvinA /ti'ifin .l ? v. V.IV VI IVIVHI \.?UIIV lipuil which depended the fortune# of the Ainoronii Flap;, and tho fate of fcho nrmy. Nolliitg could have been more LoIdJy djcsij^n?d, or more Hkillfully exeouted, thim tui? nilliant blow dealt bo effectively upon the incniyntthc break of r'ay. The Htate Agricultural .Society isdispen unpj much ?ijJ uuuuuiugoiueut nnoo^st ? roicrH, w1io.hu domestic habitH ire not fii *o ruble to n^grcgntioo', and who, :hereforc, nro nlwoya benefitted by the atimiUi.h of ugriculturuL exhibitions.. Oiatiict wcicticM hnvo been ?rg;inizcd, ami Fuiw held ;it many places, in preparation lor tin great annual meeting oftlio State Society The Fair just closed exhibited stock of a! kinds, implements of husbandry, fruits am gram ot superior order; besides very mt merou.s specimens of ingenious handiwork many of which are hut recently developed The assemblage of substantial populatict was very great, nmong whom premium! were distributed to a largo amount. Tin Kxccutivq Committee will publish, iu tin ooursc of the winter, a volume of proeccd injxs, in which, will be toum! ;> prpgrumiui of the agricultural schools in l' rune.o. Financv: ani> Hanks.?The report <> ?t.,. r. i ?:ii 1-:.. .1 v/ViujrukMIVil \4i:ilVltll I I I I' A JII < 11J1 llll condition of the finances. The pormnnen debt of the State, including oik; iniiligi tifty-nne thousand four hundred and twon tv-two 0!t-K)U dollars (?1,001,122 O'MOO United States surplus revenue on d posit amounts to four million lour hundred am forty-four thousand one hundred and sixty live 05-10U dollars ($1,444,105 05-10(1, three-fourths of whioh Bum is invested ii railways and in the erection of the Nov State Cupitol. The sinking fund nov amounts to 81,8lo,80o 37-100, which, ii ...J Vl'lliivu, OIIVIIIV4 ?M IK Ot'll' .-lucks in* bonds. ()f the stock sinned undo (lie Act of isr?(> by the Governor and tb Comptroller General, for building ' n? v State <'ajiitol, ninety-two cortilicates hav been issued, equal to two hundred and lift; thousand dollars (8lif>0,000,) the remain dor have been cancelled and left in th hands of the Treasurer of the Lower I>ivU ion. Of the stock authorized by the Ae ot I x.?7, foi ly-six certificates liavo boon is sued, equal to three hundred thousand dol lars, (S!500,<)()(),) (ho remainder have hcci cancelled and left in the hands of the Troa.urer of the Lower Division. The m:itori:i structure itself is advancing wi111 sure am reasonable progress, so as to exhibit the (in proportions of the basement, story. 'J'h public archives have not been removed however, the order for the removal not hav ing been made by the two Houses. I be; UTiivi- u> n:u:r io luu * lOVCI'llU!" .S .UOKSagC ,\<] 3, of last year, touching this subject. Oi the books of tho Branch Bank of the Pt.it at Columbia, tli<ii< is a balance of S1 0.0< at crcdii of the fund for the relief of t!i widows and orphans of the Palmetto Aksc ciation. As to the banks, trusting to tli experience and superior wisdom of mcai uers, jl win not occupy you with any sup q;eslioii3 of my own, farther than to ask fo the repeal of the usury laws, and to reeoin uicnd stability and as little legislation o possible. 1 would willingly diminish th number of banks when existing charter expire. But, having once chartered a ban upon a basis ensuring due responsibility, would trust its Board of Directors to man age the monopoly upon tho recognized prir (iples of banking, and tho governing cours of business, interfering not by tomporar laws, harsh restrictions and penalties, b< Moving, iis l Uo, that the groat security t the community for the faithful manrtg?men of a Imuk is to be found in t'ue char.tctc of the persons by whom it is administered Tuk Law.?Itelcrring to tho tonus < my message of last year, L take leave agai to recommend the revision and coditioatio of the criminal law, and its amendment, s as to provide for the punishment of bread es of trust and the embezzlement of fundi The district ottiees are generally in good 01 a??<1 !?< *? ?* ??"?- * ?"?* " uuit uitu i\ v i f Li twi i in; munv i<u i ill ?u iv ?( ii;i i I uiontsof well located court houses. Thcr ure one or two exceptions as .to tlin locatio or manner of building tho court house which I doubt not tho Solicitors will re quire the Commissioners of Public Builci ings to rectify as far as may be practicabh As little time as may be should be allowe to elapse before the dofcctfl are rempdiec Sonic of tho public records aro now expo* ed to damage from damp and mould. Th incumbents of those oflicep I have unifortu ly found to bo intelligent nnd obliging oil izcus. In many of the Clerk's olliocs thor arc lying in the way numerous copics of t'.i Acts and Resolutions of the Ocneral As sciubly accumulating from year to year.? It would bo well to have the.so and horca) ter all surplus copies of the Acts and Uos olutions distributed in the month of .Jami arv, annually, to the several lioards of l>i? trict Commissioners, the Captains of Hey /'i ? ii \Aiiii[Jiiniw4, ii11ci outer citizens. in tuo un cretion of tho Olork ami the Sheriff; cac! rcc!|iient being required only to register hi namo in a book kept for that purposo b the Clerk. Tho jail iit many districts ha boon removed to a distanoo from the eour house. I doom it wiso to miuiro, wlier thin is the ease, that the Sheriff provide covered convoyance for the prisoners whou duty obliges him to pass tj and from th< IimII of justice. Escapes have boon mor frequent tho past year than I am willing t >IW A I .i ^t- - uiiuuiuiuiu. i iiu uiiigortf in giuirgo arc res ponsiblc for escapes, but I think cach jai should bo furnished with a wall around it for the double purpose of eccurity and ox erciso of the prisoners. J<nvra are enacted for the yoncrnl welfar and benefit of society. Founded in rqasoi and common sense, they arc shaped by ex liorioiK.-o.. The nmml law in ftiitup.rl ally for I ho protection of the community b; punishing individual criminals, o.'lVinicr against tlio poaco and good order of socict; ?thereby holding out to all ?uoh aa bo towpted to follow their cxamplo, a be nevolcnt nnd wholesome warning, lioncc regarding the oriminnl law as having for it ultiinnto end, reformation, Ah \to11 na for it immediate objcct, dun puAidkmont of tH 5 wrong-doer, I liavo sometimes in conunut tion substituted one kind of pUiiishme: for another, where il set mod to me, upi the representation of reliable citizens in l! vicinage, there were sufficient grounds 1' such interposition. In a very few instu ces, full pardons have been granted f??r t! i want oi tacuitu s lor separate ami solitai * confineincat. At Charleston ami Colui i bin?the points at which your Court of A > peals assembles, or at mjiiw salubrious 1 - eality. accessible at all seasons of tin; vou i such facilities outfit to b provided as soi as the state of the treasury will permit, n f in substitution, but i;i :t:<! it tlio I r.v pi\ 5 J crihiu;^ capital punishment in certain eas< t It is much to be rejrivtted that under i .<yste;o of sound laws, with incumbents - i reputed worth and character in cxe -ufiv ) . judici il and police offices, and with e'tize . ! soliciting oifiee as soon as vacant, it diou 1 | b deemed necessary in any part of tl . | State to enforce and maintain l .w bv lima ) of clubs and vigilant couuuitt ' 's. l l'ill I odious to administer the law, let no t bo appointed for this purport:, h it v ncccssary for a faitlii'.il oiliucr t> ap >!<i/i i to the public whenever lie does hi.s dilf i? the law will bocoiMO, n mock ;r\\ and a i<:? r pnfenee of justice, the oflir v a ri !'c:i! c , and expensive pHgcant. Old r in s<oci< v | peace and good understanding among neb;; o | bors, is best attained by adherence t? I; y oil tho part of all persons, a .id is pivservi - by faithful ami efficient oflieers. I'oli i> demands certainty ??f punishment, and I the first, oftcnen this may prevent the f t. uurreiicc of the second. in tho mana;: i- uient of charitable iiud trust funds, I su - that tho oflii: is ni' t:io (V)Ul't ho o l joined l>v law to ivpiiro !o .ns to lv s-'.-u i. by moit. agp of jval t\-t.ite instead ni p.'v.1 mil surety, or to invest in stoc'^ of t! 1 State. I will also venture to -u r-j- t tli 0 iiiliminstrators, trustees, ami .u o should not use, in their 1 -in ! , tioiiH, the funds cut rust "?1 totlm.- ' - j Separate and distinc t aec<>u- ! ir | equal accuracy and care, will u i. more, satisfactory to liotll p<; .u . ii ! ward, and more productive of .safe ] 1 e dents. j I I'T.i>kkar, lii:t.ATtON*s.? Herewith e transmit resolutions from the ljogialntui i- of certain Stntesof the Confederacy. Tin c from New York and Now Jersey relate i- the j.ighthou*G lioard. and to certain p visions lor tije roliof of persons and prop r ty si ipwreeked on the coast; those lit i- Texas, expressing; sentiments of eonim s 1 interest to our citizens, will command yo o attention; those from New England i s nounec, as usual, our system of domes !< | slavery, together with the late, decision I the I nited Suites Supreme Court, T1 i spcoies of u^it.itsoii, sectional - i:11 iliswr^r-i i i/iug, proceeds from persons who see in o be jnc:?p.ible of oiitertaiuini? just sentimet y towards their neighbors, the people oft Southern States. True liberty consists o j the w;'t Hid the power to perform our d?i t I t<> Go?i al:d to our neighbor. His scrvi x 1 is onlv nerfoct frocdo.n. The lne.mbers I. a Legislature) who can tints rcsolvo, ur, >f ova to tlie name of frnodoni, and pv?v< 11 iu meaning. i?y havboiinc, mucIi leoiin 11 towards their neighbors who sanction a o cherish African slavery as a domestic ins i- tution, inherited from their fathers, th i. expose themncivcs to the imputation of I - inj; faithless to the Constitution, from t t- preamble of which thev quote. Tho re; c lutions do n<?t merit a loponsc on your ]>a i< i .,i* ?i i: ...i r.. . i v/nv: u. i/iiv: i:.\ |m;uu;iu^ ui {lUT^y HI * , (|uiro influence in their particular dislrie - is to misrepresent the opinions and uitus - other districts." The faithful and distinguished li- p I sentative of your Sixth (!?>n^ivss1t>n:d l> . triet has opportunely reproduced, and - stated, the argument for fro; trade, a : against a protective ii.iitT. i tni-t that I - muniment now rivm'Tir/; .1 in nil piv: ' / t- Europe will not.have It st it p>\v t in \ n c icd, combiitt.nl though it i:?: v b ' by "i- . 0 i'/.ed interests hostile to it? prourivss. wiii (- know t.rowoll how to acquire i ?: 1;l :?< - the scat oi (lovernuieut. Tl'.oro c in b > f. excuse biKed upo:i the exigencies oi' >:ovei t- niont for even f.ii.sinu" toe scal t of i..tpo i 1 so lon<; as the States Itol I oi. d 'po: it a 1 t- 8U$ftof nioivy at the cr dit of the i \ ' t. StatiM Treasury. The lap<o of t into 1 s- served to show how true, how prophet !i wore tho words of w.irninjx, uttered by o s wise and far-sooiiv^ Htfisesnien ikvii* tliii y years n^o. The lust words of their d^t a guished lender addressed t-> t ho Senate t the United StutCM, still rinir in our ears c they Cimnot bo forgotton by though* I'ul iuc a North nnJ Smith. Ki>ht yeirs have pa ii edsineeho spoke. We are not strong o relatively now than then. Indeed, woe e no longer point to the equilibrium in t. 0 MUllHtfl W'lll<Hl tlll'll ohl lillf'd, ttlOUffll ill i- condition just now of quiet prosperity ? 1 ot' co)np<irntivo harmony, w!iicli nwy ondu ,, ufi'tif fln'cicctinn for president nnd Vi I'reKMoht- Tliis election. evorv fourth vo I fBciiiK uosfiucvl to l>> tho nll-:ibsorhiii<? Un o icj npu.; which unhappily to-fh-poi 11 ovorjthiiiftj cvcf* Mio lnt<V'rity of' t!i!' fJnin - To opjr;ito upon it eft\}pfiv< !y, parties I - coma national?HrroHponsihlo c>i?vcntj<> jr ar<vconvoked, and ?<? powtfrt'ul i.-< their ( a ionization tlifit no citizen in likely to ho i ? , oognixerf as having a claim to Vmicra! lio v I f?i*? in* nwlitifilinn 111 !i?u?l* lio nit ir<li 11 iMl i- to ono ?.r Xno. other nutionid party. If i, trno, tha prtrty of the ])omocv,ioy huin$f iv> s i?i powor, ia justified in unit>.?. its part# $ combination, to H^ist th?.?upos?ition whi o has oo at birred "gainst it. But boar wj ?s * * *. % Jhf? * j me while I jignin throw out, the caution tl> i'1 it ] this conditi ..i of tilings i? not favorable to r.. m the rights of th States. lends ins.-n :ibly t > ! " ic consolidation, and to the intrndurtimi o:'! >v foivign iuilucuccM, ?'> fatal to Republi an A n- I (jovvTurnout. Fatal, especially would it 1" ic j bo iu our Federative I'epublie, which, like c< rv the solar system, is preserved in equipoise i n- j and harmonious benelicent operation by tl p- the reciprocal influence of its integral in- j a o tore. ts. Tite undue preponderance of one : o r; or more tends to destroy the couilibriiun of ! . . 1 ! 4? i i i .i - : - mi | i:i" wnoie, aim eons''-jnonily its existence. j " ot All the parts are responsible J'?r this, as! t s \rt'!l llu* weaker f.?r yielding without a stmg- v )S. gle, ;ss the stronger mr arrogating too much ! t< a influence ami power. I nfortunutely, there li of ! are too lew persons, comparatively speaking " e. I who seem to be alive to the policy of the ' ti.- | Stiles, or to be; sensible that upon their in- | p It! ! dividual conduct depend. in s mm degree, o 10 ! the responsibility fur its .success. ' n:< i There arc Southern men of wealth, be doubtless, who expend the most of their r ,!..o v i : i ... ? . . ? . | . " wm.? III < i v/i ; M ? i ii i ii > i'x ; i r* ci; I' I bi , object.s of pleasure. it has h'*en estimated S" i tlint sonic folly milli ons of doll <ir> of South- 1' y, j ern income li ivo h.-on disbursed in a niucrlo H re year, north of tho I'otomac. A ju<t regard s< v.- j i i ?<ur own would s>?em to require y. , that oUi'.Mivp'us iiKM'.nc In* l.:id uut inSiutii- d Ii- ' ern securities, in improving the ho iicst.-ad. Si iw r?v!.:iuiin*i- and draining waste 1 .mi ?, culti ml | vati?i<r grounds and pushing railways oa>t ' cy ; and wi st between the A itic and Missis- ,; or i sippi, and still westward to tlie l'acilic.? ... i ti. . .. .! .... ' ?- ..... i ' iv - , * iii v- iiiiiiumi- tn .>iu jinr jMuur.N IIIH .SM'U HI " | an ni(W>(lnul IV'> 11 t!i riviT S-Mittv t?i ('liar ' ? <r- loston. along t.lio lino of the N??rth??'stern * R iiln>id. wimiM l-.r t'> j> otort (ho eon? 1 j merui.'l et .pofm.ii of Ilio iVt.ito from tin: j1 <) i fe. r ul pestilence wlti ii too often infects ' ii !;: r vtiwts. When this forty millions of i I ti n'v i> :.(lil '<l to the still l.ivgortsnni, that 11 ti; ;:tv-;<T portion of the Federal reve- ! c i ! ; lis ordinary operation of t!.o " :t ? m* tnuin o."iso of the thrift v or* hern cities, villages ami 11 i-nmsi. I'ar no 11 iroin 1 wide spread benefits of , ' o i' . ; and the perpetual in tor- " . ! ::: . lifOS between MlC people ' ^ 1 of i: <>f our country; iait the ' " os \ uno'ju:.! i:-t tyourso is noticeableas- tendin:.' ; ' ?.ci: i to l>!iu.I with prosperity the one section to !to ! the elements of its true interest, ami tnren- * ro- j d t the other too tributary and provincial!}' 1 or- dependent. Lot us not. shnf our eyes j ' >in i against the truth, but vtti11my in harmony 1 on ! with each otlicr diligently, and i:> faith per- I ur | form tho duty that lies noirest to us. Let : 1 le- i u-} contributewhat we can, collectively and ( tic , in<2:vidually, towards the power ot tho [ ' of State, by its improvement in knowledge, in j | lis j agriculture, and the useful art-1, in internal | 1 in- i conimoree with the \\re*t, by railways and 8 to ! public roads, as well as fostering a direct { its ! cxpor* and import trade. Above all, let 1! he us cuiu ,'ato thoso moral virtues, those in- 0 in , du.striuu> and doinestje habits, which ren- | 0 try cUt our beloved State an and hop- ! " oo py home (o her people, and these more in- Jof dependent?at the same time tint all her ^ se- ' Federal obligation^ arc scrupulously oblit i served. igs j In the l.vtter part (the 27th) of August. ' ud a vessel wassent into tho harbor of Charles- I1 li- ton, a prize, with three, hundred and six ev | native Africans on hoard, having boon, on * je- j the i? 1st of the same month, captured by 1 he tho United States schooner Dolphin, oft'the 11 Ul-I COasf. of ( 'llb;l TIlil'lv.iMirlif rliiwl nCt.il. V rt. coming into port up to the 20th of Soptein- 1 ic- ber, whoa tho remainder woro shipped on 1 Is. board the I^dted States steam frigato Ni- ' of auara, and h:ivo boon sent to Africa in ! ( eliargo of a l!overnti|ent ?the Colonization j N re- Society having agreed, for one. hundred and is- I fifty do!I; rs each, as I understand, to tal;e )' v ' chai L'o of them for two years. Many have 1 ;r, 1 | siiioo died at s.vi up to tho ~lM ultimo, at '' h which date we li ;ve accounts of the Niagn- s o<l | ra at St. Vincents. >r No inst moo, porhnps, could have bettor ' ni- ; served to present, in strong relief, too do c < !: v .tion to law and order of the people ol ? j Carolina. 'J' i.? niboers of t!i*? Government ' ' no ; won- n.it mol-sted in t!io d is-.; burgee of what ,j ii- j tiioy t!ivii- duty. 1 cannot omit. | ta. i how?Vi t, in lui zi mi* the I'.ict.s to your view, ^ go to oxjuo.ss mf p-rrot :it. their oceunenee, v id which prod no. 1 unwonted excitement in a ' nu ! quiet eommuniiv, by the exhibition of a ' ie. | <00-ii's of ti'.iIVh! long finco abandoned in ( ill v : I ?J "? I ' 111 f.i ( 1 i I* HlOVO lu? !inv tn>..lw iv ; which sanctions sneh interference with the ! t in- | eonunci'co of ?he inhabit Hits of Cuba, mic!i ! > of treaty haft b.-cn framed n of thy I I' - .-oiuul ndvieo of Washington?not "to en- | * :n, t..n<j;le our pvac>- ami prosperity in tho toils J !| *.s- of i'iuropoan j'^vbition, or interest or c - | p for |ii iec "Htiy'r tHoar of peminilontrtlli inoo* j |, an with any portion of the foreign world''?jl he | and oiurht to be abrogated. Once within i s I : 1 .. . ?... I I > n- > .. a uui jum, it immuue ru liiiiu i ue sutler- ? lid ing pmouorn, in order to release. them from v ire their cramped dock, audio cure fur them. \ ce They wuro wi ll cared fur uutil transferred *n nr on board tho N infarct. where also ihty r;i- , p- doived everv proper attention. lbit the t h1 proprielv of thtt* diverting flic vos&el, with v ti. its carj/o, floin in dentin :d drjunel, and 1 10 I ll .'US'I<' It Ullller till'* llilii'i' c.t t.nr tWtitl.i i ? r i? U wii.it may l)o ?plot Hinod*. I tru-H that a | >iv liko OijHfr may uoi again occur within our e- border.^ ' i in Tho Inr* of Co-.i^rran, by r.uthority of t <li wW ?.: ccTiccrs w. iv prnvcvnt'dj 1 hope ? ... 1 Mnl amended. lti^Gnongli 0 vy of the United States ^ in b<: . .vnting the slave trade t (:li I bi'.t'.V' n < i. f 1 A.irica and our own , ijUi j Hhorc:?, wi ? , . ,e i-.u.*- 4*,:v ?Tilw Ck>bstiuj. ! d.i. !t is dur jvilii-y to let foreign nation* guhit1 their own aflairx, and enforce their >s n ji tliee. I':>!ca i ioN. -The fund bcnuoathotl hv h xander Downer, decensftd, I'd!- the supivt of n school in Kdgetield District, ex eds twenty thousai.d dollars ($20,000.) 110 accounts are settled annually before io Coinmi sioner in Ivjuity of 1 Alge.lield, nd the provident care of the Chancellor* f the Court of Kquity, is especially invoki! by the liberal testator?they, doubtless, rill be faithful in guarding the snored rust. Not having been able to visit tho chool, I eonimcnd it earnestly to the iur> 11 i; r? ut notice of tho < 1?-legation of KdgeI I 1 !?^J I- - -l . I i i:,u. i 11a t \ w |? i .i?iuru iu illilhC lilt* IIK<} ppi'.il I:> the Abbeville delegation, fur tho la 1 loWe school iii their <?Sstrict. iSonio li tiun of tho land devised for (he foipport f this rh? k?I Irs brin sold, by lonve of the i'.v.:'!s!:iture, which, I think, ou<iht to be retiu-.'d, in order t > preserve entire tin; teritorv. ns i' w is originally l it and intondtl bv the testator?which seenutWell iidiip d tor a she? p-walk. (Jon tun-ted with n no i:i i to the last Clcn- ral Assembly to m 1 i pup:l to one of the agricultural Uool- of I ran e, 1 received froth the civil tfention (.' she Minister d'Agriculture < t I list ru .t ion, a programme of the said rhools, showing t!ie course of instruction i . >ri.: < i . i 11 t'i>- i- i-i. i iu?> ]>nr_:nuiiim\ m WHICH furnish1 1 a translation to the Preside m, i'tlio S; .!r Aprioultin.il Society in Janurv I ist. \v.;- iiii'o hj> mi il by a ur.iooful tcni'i' from t'i" Minister of France of his }?e?tt fH cs towards a .son of South Cnroliua, Who houM b<; rconituev.dnil by the fJovernor. T!i<3 school supported hy the Uorcsfonl ountv, see:as to bo nourishing. Tho fund ; well managed. Aeadomi' > and high sc hools have been lultinlied. wiflhin a few vears. in tin- s?v ml flisilriets?specially tor the edueatiou I _'irls, upon whose moral nml mental, as ell ns physical development, depend xo null tho future welfare of socicty. iSus' ilneil generally by sectarian influences, i y supp'y extensively that liberal culture nd discipline by mentis of which the minds if our ingenious yotti.il are strengthened iml prepared for the active duties oflife.? 'uder the wholesome influence of intelli.....I . .1.... ... i /' iiuuiim niwi-. wo'ir m v UlUlillVlUlirin, 111groused usefulness has boon realised from he funds appropriated lor thfr''support of 'rt'i' S?;IiomU. J o injure the fullest success the schools must be considered free, in the >ost sense ui the word, for the admission >I*t io children of nny citizen. I cannot unit to invoke, fortius precious charge of he State, the devoted personalattention of dtriotie citizens in all the districts. The mproved system of instruction which is ucoossfullv pursued under the direction of hu JJourd !>l .St. iMiilip!s mid St. Michael's, * worthy of your patronage and of general initiation. In order to afi'ord to every part ftlie State an opportunity to wit no* iur ucccss and disoitss its merits, tlie teachers hrou.iiout the commonwealth were invited! iy mo to assemble in Charleston, ih the lirst i\ek of.) ?*mo, and examine for tlremselre* ts practical operation. I am bunny to have t in my power to bring to the notice of all icrsons engaged in teneltiirg^ Carroll's 'Catechism of Cm ted States History," a mall work of great, valun to s?hools. prei.ired by one of otrr fellow-oiti'.'.ons, himself n experienced toaelier. A Normal School v:;s authorized by the last (Jcnornl Assem>iy, 1" be established!' - .e city of Chiirlesnn. Its su ooss )ms boon ficcurcd by the ib-T.d .si|hsoiiptioris of individual# a id so:icties. I trust that your llonurablo Body vill nut fail, before its final adjournment, .? provide for the organization of another S'urnial School in the upper or middle pmv ion ?.f the State. Certain generous ci'tiens o a.lcston have commenced n subeription, also, for e- t:d dishing and niair iisiii?*r a .Marine School afloat in t heir Inir>or. Tliis henev ilent design is worthy of liicourage.ii.ent. i in: M?i hi > Mtoi.lNA v ol.I.EdE?Is ii. ilr louri<l) n<r It- iu;ii)l>t<rs im-jO <liiiiiii-iii.-d !;i> Much, l>y :iit no of ite?cs.*twv Ii- < 11>ii11o mi tin1 | art < (110 Fncnlt . which ins i'aOT'.o I'd ;i enhitftrv iufluoneti. The jreu<or pu'.tinn nl lhfl young <jrrnt lemon who ie;e a.'Vivioil by its <ij>Qintii?nr tin njinin it> lio'.f scuts, rtwrsnin^c the siinTiosi.f thoir class rocuniiifiiid Mint tlio Tnisico^io'iiuthoi'ijsert i) jiliu-o a soln>l:ir?hip at the sm'iro of tho'luirlo-t Hi C? 11 .*, 0 i>l 1> "U'in; (J. lh'?? in Ahlovillu, the I n.man 0 illwjct; in Greenville, !vo W Ii ifl !i!:?lS . <F hn'a Ctillojro in "psi i: iilm. ?, ftiui Minim Z'uvi 'CiiUetfo in 'rtlrlh'hl. I IWtpo Hint 11 o-o tl; iir'^hinp Intitut ons o! lonming will he in\if<5?d. m il be liduocd' ti> kOop uno MUi'.ont til ll(eil- own .?e*cti>>it v?l"?yiivf> nt the Smith CnrollimxO llt'^o rco tif ni?v Charlie for tuition. inl.o unV.i. wi'vor, t<> iIip usual etfuh):iititi<'ii l>v 11 :o 'iKMilty nod t<> nil tlin Cnll?jjc laws. Our vstcm of Co,!lo<;!ntp o ' ation Iwh grown up s KUjTfcOSlod I>y tln? \\ . S of WKMOIV. mid in I'vi tUn of tho I;a r.i..niuu- mippyrt of k 11 it* limp >11f111 p irts. 1.1 Iho i-h':n?ji:n^ ciro'e t?f OiVtv, now question* <Mi.<iiuui!lv ariro and ><v.v h.males of op:.uii?n change die 'w < f par io.-?. l?ui Ihqrv aro topics \yhicti i.flvcr Wo lie# inffcro*ls?, hcunpse th?\v ftfo conueittd the f iun huiqu ?>f jfhs'.o'y. ?? tlfe :ui c <>i cuucQiion.-' TWrt never oi>mo \v1>on it ?nn l.c a matter ?>f ImliiTunjuco pnhic ertwatian i* coiuluvtcil. N.<>r iv it notr.stv fo ohTiUitt Ueve on it* importance, for it rti.Kt bo iWul. to t!"tft hftivir of tho country, hat opposition <<? e ItlMtinn ftivU no support imm# o?v ponp'.i?th?jr wIm Iihv?? ?Mb? i>1 the opportunities of n< <|uirinjj it tiieoi* oIvch J > liUliibljf f>oi?t. iv?f. fatjtom vrcuvn>; its v icflts to tlw?!- chfnnreu" l?tii "i? noting tl?o utncirfer diUWton olit. T!ioro jolhin ; wiiu-h eontiilnilo* f) td !h? ('z;i jVuusj? ) , $ t IVF^ ^ J' * y . 'jyv, *4 ifS ? vjaffi