Keowee courier. (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, June 14, 1850, Image 1
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> VOI,. 2. PICKENS COURT HOUSE, S. C., FRIDAY, JUNE 14, 1850. NO 4
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"SPEECH OF THE HON. JAMES L. OUR.
OF SOUTH I'AUOLINA.
On ihc slavery Question, delivered in (he Jlousc
of ltcpretentativrr, May 8, 1850.
[COXCLUDKD.]
T will hero digress, Mr. Chairman, to re- j
ply to (i complaint which has been urged
by several Northern gentlemen, charging
that tho South has for a series of years
occupied the Federal ofliccs. On reference
to the past, it will be found to be true
tlmt the South has held a larger share of
the prominent officas of the Government |
than those of the North. I am able to
give a satisfactory reason for this fact,
and to show w'icncc it arises. When a
Southern man enters into public life, he
is biought in by tho party to which he is
nltA'hed, nnd he is continued in ofTicc, if
be be n faithful representative, so long as
.bis party continues in the ascendency, or
until he chooses voluntarily to retire. In
tho North a different rule prevails?rotation
in olf.co is the recognised system
with all pirtic*. Tho rub: mav be a cor
ie.-t one in offices of prolit merely, but
when applied to representatives, either
State or Vedoral, the constituent can never
be so well represented. Southern men,
remain longer in Congress; they have
therefore, better opportunities for the
development of their genius nnd tnlei.t,
nnd their cxpeiience gives them the advantage
overnbler men who nr? without
. experience; their services become more
conspicuous, and whon individual nrc i
looted for prominent stations in tlio Government,
they nrc placed thoro because
they lmve more national reputation. But
Northern gonlkmen, whilst they h;tve observed
this fact, with some manifestation's
of jealousy, forget that nearly throcfoui
ta of tho public expenditures!, of this
Government fall into the Northern lap.
'J'he gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Harris)
(nr tlir? firi-irt >10 1 ji.:..
, .... ...? w X UVIIW* U, lllia
statement, and went into a minute examinalion
for*tho purpose of showing that
tho South had received more than her
proportionate share of those expenditures,
lie obtained the services ofnn experienced
clerk in mtildng ihc calculation, nnd
Le reports thrt in a period of ten years,
out of nineteen millions for local appro-1
printions, nine millions have been given to
tho South, while onlv ten mnlinnu lmvfi
gone to iho North, The clerk has committed
a pal pa bio blunder, and I wonder
that ho has not been guillotined ere this ,
for his incompetency or infidelity. Only ',
nineteen millions of dollars expended on
local objects during a peiiod of ten years!,
The gentleman from Illinois hurries to
t' ihe census of 1840,,to learn here that j
tins nppropiialion gives to every whito
person in >ho North, $1,02, fitt'd at Iho j
M.miiI. ? ! on r ..i *
du, i mi)|u?u io nuveri to ft |
few items only, which I suppose the cWk ,
did not eiiibraco in |iU calculations. They
will show which section of the Union hire
foraged most liberally from the public
treasury. Tho expenditure for pensions
.up to 1838 amounted in the Northern
States to $28,000,000;* in the Southern
States to $7,000,000. New York coniiibuted
to the support of the revolution* i
<iry war $7,f79,08tf, and hod rccoivcd in !
In J838, in pensions, $7,830,054.
The publicJands donated
to the Northe.'n States have hs?Lwortip;
J&7,58>i,800; the same in the
025,000. Sincc the establishifffflrof thb
Government, tho cost of eollflSURf; the
rustoms hns been $53,000,OuOitJj^HJOOO,000
expended in iho North, arJEfipOO,000
in the South. Bounties ob^mckiuu
fish, <fcc? in tho North, oxolus^ey, $10,
000,000. The forts on thoj9o;theiii
poa?t havo cost, on each miM?Q838; on |
tno kiuuMivru const 95<*5 per Irt
1840 thero wnsono Hght-hous^w every
. - - y^S'
*1 tun in lcbtcd to tlio Author of a pamphlet
entitled ?I ho Union, pjvxt mul future?linw it
work*, nnil Iiqw to nftvo it," for tntvny of uivse
f((Vti?tfo:',
< [ ' , .
k i <- -
fifty miles of iVbrthern const; whilst in tho
! <5>outh there was one for cveiy two bundled
and seventy-six miles. Tho expenditures
for internal improvements from
1824 to 1833, in tho North was $5,104,441;
in tlic (S'outh, $957,000. From 1834
to 184.5, for tho snmo purpose, in the
North, $7, 31,080; and in tho &)uth, $1,|
171,500.
This much, sir, with reference to what
the gentleman said about appropriations.
I propose now to examine so much of tho
same gentl-jmnn's speech as to tho rela,
tivo number of troops furnished by the
IN oil hand the &out.h in the late Avar with
Mexico. I adopt his figures, nnd assume
them to be corrc.t-. The South furnished
| 47,040 volunteers; the North 24,712.
The gentleman snys that this is not the
fair way of making the calculation?that
the amount of service rendered in months
is "ihe fairest way of making the calculation."
Ilis figures show that the iSouth
furnished service in months 305,500
months; the North 300,400. This still
gives ' ooulli ft preponderance Not
contented, however, with this result, he
sets out upon ft third of figures, thut ho
I may t?ive the North the superiority. This
I calculation includes nil the enlistments
made during the war, as nlso for the ten
I new regiments, and assume that two
thirds of these enlistments wore from the
I North; and when his calculation is footed
j up, 'he North furnished service equal to
' 813,648 months, and the South equal to
I O'i1* .525 months. Well, I go back to the
census of 1810, and he, at least, can make
i no obj vtion to the authority, having apIf)
title cAiirno i*? *!%? ^ ? * 1 1
I , . - ? v...w v.- in mo inst uiuncn
I of ids argument. I therefore take his
j figures, and reply with his authority. If
j the (South furnished 47,0*10 volunteers,
according to population tho North should
! have furnished 1)8,1-18. They furnished
24,712?deficit of their just proportion
73,430.
The South furnished sorvice of volunteers
in months equal to 305,500 months.
The North should have furnished service
in month* onillll lr? fOf? mnnll.i.
' they furnished .'109,400?deficit of their
! just proportion 444,620. But if the enlistments
are superadded to the above, it
I will bo seen that tho North furnished in
months equal to 813,048 ; this South
i C27.G23. The North should have furJ
nished servico in months 1,204,780
months?deficit of her just proportion
481,132.
I enter into these calculations for the
purpose of vindicating tho truth of the
Houthrm Afl<liv*ec?fm*
wo iu? uiu jnu |;U3U VI
vindicating the truth of the Allegation's
which have been mado by Southern
' members on this floor, that tho South
! contributed more thnn her just propori
tion of troops in making the acquisitions
from Mexico which tho North mean to
exclude us from, eillu-r through tho Wilmot
proviso or tho "non-intervention"
j policy, in connection with the nretence
1 that tho 3/exicnn laws arc in force. lie
went a little further, nml introduced nn
estimate of the service by the North nnd
South in the Revolutionary war. lie
says, for tho continental line of the Revolution,
the North furnished 172,430
men, nnd the (South 69,335.
H is known, Afv. Chairmnin, to every
one who is familiar with tho history of
tho Revolution that i\ very largo proportion
c:' tho troops that were engnged in
that protracted and perilous contest jyere
not connected with tho con'inentnl army.
Tf ?i ? - .1 - *
tut! ^ciibiuiiuiii uiiu mntio an ".ccurat-J
examination of tho number of troops
fvrnisljed by each of the States, ho
would have found that Virginia alone
furnished 50,72 (. Pennsylvania, with a
population equal to Virginia, furnished
84.005; Now York 20,830; ifouth Carolina
31,181. South Carolina sent
thirty-seven out of every forty-two of
her cilizene capable of bearing arms,
Massachusetts. thirty-two, Connecticut
thirty, New Hampshire eighteen.
I will answer with statistical facts the
delusion existing in tho minds nf sftmn
who heliovc thattho peounidry and social
condition is More elevated in the North
than in the Si'ith. Wo have heard that
Virginii wfaJpllnVhlg?wan frilling fa9t
into de:ay ; that her sisterft lmvo advanced
rv prosperity and wealth whilst
sho has been ictrograding?all of which
is iiitnbuloii to her system of domestio
servitude. Why, sir, tbU is but an assumption?n
most unwarrantable assumption
because it hns no foundation in
fact. The abolitionist* make their proselytes
bolievo tlmt Virginia is in a most dilapidated
state?that her forests have all
been destroyed?thrt faco of her fields
furrowed in deep gullies?and that liop
low grounds have bech exhausted by unskilful
husbandry. Virginia has more
wealth ncc&rdlng to population than any
ono of the Northern States. The average
wealth of each inhabitant, free and
i njave, is $171; of (V$f ajotHC, *7H. JU
j Kentucky the nverngo wealth of each inhabitant,
freennd slave, is $:J19 ; whilst
that of Ohio is but $227 ; Pennsylvania
$219; New York #228. And, sir, the
1 productions of the slnvoholding States
J will comparo favorable with the non'
slavcholding. The advantage will bo
found to be largely on the side of the
j former in the valuo of those productions.
The $outh produces more Indian corn,
and the North more wheat; but the
(South has n complete monopol)', by soil
nnu cnmnte, id the production of cotton,
sugar, rice and tobacco.
Tho value of these four crops the lust
year exceeds $125,000,000. 13ut compart,
flic productions of individual States.
Michigan and Arkansas were admitted
into the Union about the same time;
Michigan is one of the most flourishing
of the northwestern Slates, washed on ;
three sides by navigable waters, and en- !
joying an extensive system of internal
iu|>iutvuii'iiio , iimi uer crops insi year i
yielded to each inhabitant $21 60. The
crop of Arkansas yielded to each white |
inhabitant $101; and if the slaves arc
counted as persons, the vaidc of the crop
was $81 50 for each inhabitant; so that
the production of Arkansas, with a fertile
soil, though not a genial climate,
nearly trebles that of Michigan.
I
RUPTURE BETWEEN ENGLAND,
FRANCE AND RUSSIA.
London yesterday was in a state of the
most feveiish excitement. It was known
on Thursday that the French ambassa.1
xr i"\ j I'it %
uur, m. jL?iouyn ub i riuys, nau leit the
1 British metropolis for Paris, on n day of
: nil others when the courtesies of diplomacy
were most strictly observed?namely,
the anniversary of the Queen's birthday;
and it was also known by the papers
of the following morning that the Russian
ambassador was absent from the
dinner party which Lord Palmcrston
/ravo to the ambassadors in honor of the
event. These two circumstances combined
produced in political circles some
uneasiness, in consequence of the turn
which it wus feared the Greek disputo
i had tuKcn. j^xpianations in both hous1
cs of Parliament were accordingly sought
for and given by Lord Lnnsdowne in the
Lords, nnd Lord Palmeixton in the Com:
mons. The former described the recall
J of the French ambassador as 'an event of
j impoitance,' but he subsequently denied
that it v.ns of 'grave importance,' and intimated
that the French go\ '.rnment required
hia presence in the National As
reinbly, to give such explanation as the
cas-c required. Lord Pulraorston, judg;
ing fro tho few sentences which fell
! from him, seems to havo treated the
, affair less seriously. 'I trust,' said tho
. Noble Viscount, 'that nothing can arise
out of these circumstances likely to disturb
tho friendly relations between Fngj
land and France."
The Times of yesterday, which evin!
tlli> ?nmn (Tin#? nnoo fm- #1%..
.vMuuvmi A\jg Vliu l
Secretary that a nameless personage docs
for holy water, showed in a leading article
that nvitters were far more alarming
ly entangled th?n the 'explanations' of
the previous night would induce the public
to suppose. It is nredlcss to inquire
| from whom the Times derives i?s infor!
mation, but it is evident that the Foreign
! Office is infested with traitors, and it
! seems to us most discreditable that a paI
1 * ? ...?%
I pur wmen wcar8i.no ministerial hvory,
I and is literally, in all other respects, the
| organ of the ministry, should, in itsnnxj
ioty to stab a member of that ministry,
: who is obnoxious in its eyes, carry its vin!
dictivenoss to nn extent which is really
i ealoulatcd to embarrass tho relations bo;
twecn tho two countries. Tho funds,
' which are always tho test of public feel'
| ing on theso occasions, experienced a
: decided shock. Consols which stood f
tho previous evening at 08 1-8, immediately
declined, but they subsequen'ly rallied,
and clofed at 05 to 05 1-8.
Tho explanation which Lord John
Russell gave last night, in tho House of
Commons, does not throw much lighfcon
tho matter; but aa fur it goes, it exhibits
the soreness which the Stonch government
feels at what is olWlWy regardad
as our cavalier troatment of its representative,
tho Huron do Gros, at Athens,
j Lord John stated that this would have
| wen luny and satisfactorily cleared Mp if
I tho B.tron had remained at Athens three
j daya longor. It is also clear, from tho
..((mission somewhat roluctantly wrung
| from tho primo minister, that If Lord
1 Palmorafrm llllfl irnf. in li!u nncormmn ?
. ..WW <? J/'/.JiJ VUOIVU C?v
tho time ho gavo his explanation tho pro.
vidua evening the letter frorn tho Frer\oh
&ecretnty ?V>r Foroign Affairs, recalling
M. Drouyn d> I'lluya from London to
Paris, and assigning as a reason tho insult
put upon the French government arising
out ol llio (J reek dispute, that tho letter
***
m
V
of recall had been nevertheless read to
him.
It would he too much to say that the
explanation of Lord jPnlmereton the previous
nigl.t was disingenuous, foroflicial
explanations of the kind are ofteu very
enigmatical; hut certainly the cool and
composed manner in which ho treated
the subject showed either that he thought
thf? nft'nir ivmilrl Mnw rwn~ i-:~
.. - - VT VI , \Jl Lllilt 1119
own nerves were not easily shaken. An
accomplished diplomatist requires tho
boldness of tho lion and tho cunning of
the fox. Has Lord Palmerston both, or
oi)ly otic of these qualities?
The worst feature of this ugly business
relates to the proceedings of the National
Assembly on Thursday, where the announcement
by tho Foreign Sccretnty,
that ho had recalled M. Drouyn do l'Huys
because of the insult England had put
nnrm n?*A/lnrtA/l ?1 ?1
.J.V.I > IIOIVV) |.IVUU\,VU Hl? fJIUitlUSl pOS- j
siole excitement nnd delight, followed by
cries of 'bravo!' nnd the clapping of
hands, and other demonstrations which
showed how palatable the act was to the
National Assembly. In this unseemly
manifestation, tho leading ment of all
parties in the Assembly nro said to have
joined. It is difficult to say, in tho present
position of Louis Napoleon, what pait
his necessities may compel him to act.
The question will be speedily and amicably
settled if tho vindication of French
honor be his object. But if ulterior ends
are to be attempted, a quarrel arising out
of circumstances in themselves so trivial,
i may lead to results which are fearful to
I contemplate. Wo await the issue with
u)ic, Him i? iinuuii iuar.? vy inner nnu
Smith's Times, May 18.
A Third P.vrtv.?Major Noah whose
political sagacity and ripened experience
render his suggestions and predictions
j very valuable, seems to think that the
i old basis of parties cannot continue hercJ
after even in the event of a settlement of
j the vexed question now agitating Conj
gross and the country.?Telegraph.
| lie thinks that a third or Constitution^
! nl party, will be formed on tho ruins of
; the former organizations, which have
i dono their work and had their day. At
| tho close of ono of his recent editorials,
! the veteran thus speculates:
"Tlv.' speeches of Mr. Calhoun, Mr.
Clay, and Mr, Webster, on slavery, were |
I mereiy arguments m favor or right on the
| one hand, and grounds of settlement on
I on the other. There was room for patriotic
appeals, for solemn warning, for
just ndmonitions, but the principle involved
was but slightly referred to; and
when a settlement was proposed which
, looked as if both sides were amply proI
tected, it gave satisfaction to neither Tho
South wants a different arrangement,
which the North will not consent to* We
must, tneretore, look for no extraordinary
demonstration of Parliamentary ability
| while this local question is pressing like
an incubus upon us.
Another view of this subject presents
itself. Suppose tho wholo question is
settled, apparently to the satisfaction of
both sides, can parties settle down ill i
harmony upon their old platforms, and |
sustain their former lines of Division? Wo j
think not. A high tariff, a national bank, j
a uistrlouuon 01 mo public lands, nnd i
several subjects which havo heretofore |
divided pnvties, cannot again nttnin nny i
lending ascendancy. Tho struggle, un- I
dor whatever name it may bo carried on, J
will bo a strugglo for power for placc, for
position. Tho old ground of principle I
cannot bo again ocoupicd, beyond the sup I
port of our national institutions, in which >
support no diflroronco of opinion exists: I
If wo settlo tho Slavery question, tho j
wounds of tho South are cicatrized not,
healed. I
Na PtAllfllAvn %v?nr* "fill ~
-w ^vvivuviM uuiii niii woi vuiu lur ?
freesoil man, abolitionist, orWilmot proviso
man. Their own position, and rights
will always bo paramount to party usages.
They may not insist on a Southern
man for President; but they will vote for
110 man tunt has evor been hoatilo to tlio
(South. In tho North tlio flros of ?boH?
tion 'will still hum, fanaticism will fan tho
I cnribers, and politioal npostuoy will pro- j
[ vide tho fuel.
I Under such a politioal state of things 1
I we cannot see how tho creation of a third .
or constitutional party is to bo avoidod,
A largo no tion of the whigs and whig
press of tho North still cling to abolition,
and man)' loading democrats of the Northern
and Eastern States aro tainted
with tho same doctrines.
xnc wings ot lUo South havo been drivon
from the ranks of their brethren in I
tho North on tho slavory question, nnd
they never apain will oordialty assimilate.
The South, if not too ultro in tho settlement
of tho pending difficulties, Will
hcreaftor vote together in a solid body,
j and t\YQ-Uv*.rd9_of tl\o Northern deiuocva
cy will join them in the formation of this
new constitutional party, presenting, as
wo think, a democratic constitutional party,
the elements of which will bestiength
union and success. "NVc shall then hear
of no more discussion on slavery in Congress.
Lati and Important front Jiuenon Ayres.?A
letter from Buenos Ayres, dated
.nprn lam, connnn9 the account that tho
English forces have abandoned the block
ado of the ports, accompanying the act
with an acknowlegement that they were
wrong. They have also given up all tho
vessels captured by them during tho
blockade, and to pay for all tho property
they took.
A French Admiral has just arrived at
Buenos Ay res, who was said to bo fully
empowered to settle all the difficulties so
far as the French were concerned. Tho
.i..n
<uuinvio uviW villi;*
Singular Scene?Royal Actors.?A.
singular scene is represented to have occurred
at the Roynl Palace at Madrid,
which show how a hen-pecked husband
is usually treated, whether of royal or
simple blood. The King had been for
several days pressing his royal consort in
tho most earnest manner to froe herself
from, as he termed it, the "slavish subjection"
in which she was kept by her
ministers The Queen resisted, and sent
for General Narvaoz. A scene of some
violence is said to have taken place between
the three, in which the Kiner dc
clarcd that on the day of Ifer Afajesty's
accouchement he should quit tho Spanish
territory, and publish to tho nation a
manifesto, explaining his reasons for not
choosing to be present at the birth of tho
royal infant. Divesting the business of
all courtly form, and speaking plainly, tho
King denied the legitimacy of the forthcoming
scion of Spanish royalty. In
this emergency a council of ministers wiw
held, and it was decided, in order (osavo
the Queen's honor, that the King should
be prevented from quitting the palace.
His Majesty was, therefore, placed under
arrest. Sentries were placcd at the. door
of his apartment, and ho remained a
prisoner for four hours, when he capitulated,
and consented to ride out with tho
Queen in an open carriage in tho evening.
The conduct of this imbccile mar. i3 a'
tributed to the intrigues of tho Carlists,
who noi only wish to overthrow tho
present ministry, but to cast doubts and
impediments in tho way of the succession
to tho crown of the issue of Queen Isabella.
Tho crisis is considered, to bo
over for the present.
The Census Iaxxo for 1850.?This
law has been published, and it is very
comprehensive. The information which
it proposes to cmbracc includes popula
lion, profession, color, occupation, placo
of birth, number of marriages, deaths,
the pei sons who can read and write,
deaf, dumb, blind, insane, fugitives ami
manumitted, tho acres of land improved
and unimproved, the cash value of each
farm, the value of farming implements
and machinery, the live stock, tho produce
during the year, ending Juno 3,
1850, and tho quantity of each particuInr
(Ka n?'A/l?rt?a ? 1
.... vivivi vuv \jl uiuustry mid
the values; names of towns, countios and
cities; the aggregate valuation of real
and personal estate, tho amount of taxes
assessed, tho number and charactcr of
the public schools, the extent of public
libraries; tho number class, and, circulation
of tho periodicals and newspapers;
the number of criminals; the coat of labor,'
the average price of board to a laboring
man per week, tho average wagon
of female domestic per week, tho averago
payment of a carpontcr per day, thfl
iiTuiiigc *ji i\ uuy mooror, U1Q
average wages of a farm hand, the number
and value of tho churches* and indeed
every specios of social statistics
winch can make thoso tables valuable
as sources of public ^formation and ro-?
fgrence,
A Thuk Lawyer.?Alexander Hamilton
was once applied to as counsel by a
ivinn Kowlnrti iKa ?*
M1UII www ^HUIUKIIIOIIIJI Ul buvurill
orphans, who would, on coming of age.
sncccod to a large and valuable ostatc, of
which thoro a material defoct in the title
doods. known only io their guardian, who
wanted to got the title vested in himself.
Hamilton noted down tho faithloss executor's
abatement, and thon said to him;
'Settle with these unhappy infants honorably
to the last cent, or I will hunt you
from your skin liko a hair.' The advioij
wasstiiotly followed,
LlTKftARr.?Miss Fennimnro Hnrtno.iv
daughter of the cclebvaled novelist of
that name, is about publishing in Landpti
a now work entitled 'Rural 'Ioum in tho
United States.'
y " ,<?
flft* * <***; ^
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