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cripticn.
j1etrP.
IN SANCTIARY.
While pale with rage the wild surf springs
Athwart the harbor bar,
The safe ships fold their snowy wings
Beneath the evening star.
In this calm haven rocked to sleep
All night they swing and sway,
Till mantles o'er the morning deep
The golden blush of day.
Here. safe from all the storms of fate,
From worldly rage and scorn,
Thus let me fold my hands and wait
- The coming of the morn;
While all night long o'er moon-lit turf
The wind brings in from far
The moaning of the baffled surf
Athwart the harbor bar.
-William Winter, in Harper's.
SPOKEN ENGLISH.
A Lecture Delivered by G. 3. Cromer, Esq.,
in the Hall of the Y. X. C. A.,
Oct. 17, 1882.
(The following lecture was prepared by
Mr. Cromer for a class of students in New
berry College in 1880, in which institution
be was at that time teaching:)
My purpose is not to display a
critical knowledge of the English
Language ; it is not to recite a les
son, or any number of lessons in
English Grammar ; but it is to
point out some abuses of the Lan
guage, and try, by a few simple
suggestions, to arouse in you a
spirit of inquiry. Much more than
I shall say you could learn from
books ; but- in choosing my subject
I was influenced by the fear that
you will not search for it in books.
I speak without the aid of authors
bearing directly upon the subject
of this lecture. In saying this I
do iot seek to reflect credit upon
myself, but simply to show that
the opinions which follow are
formed from actual intercourse
with men and books. I shall speak
of the English Language as I have
seen it and heard it.; not as it has
been treated by the grammarian.
You well know how desirable it
is to be able to speak our own lan
guage with accuracy, elegance and
force: it is especially desirable on
the part of college students. Al
though I am not inclined to think
with the world, that the college
graduate should be a walking En
cyclopedia of universal knowledge,
I do think that his attainments
should be commensurate to his ad
vantages, and that he ought to be
able to speak his own language
with at least ordinary correctness.
Many scholars have indulged in
extravagant praise of the beauty
and richness of our language, giv
ing as examples, the poems of
Milton and the speeches of Burke.
Viewed in this light, our language
is beautiful; but take the Paradise
Lost to pieces-resolve it into its
elementtary parts; then take the a,b,
c's, and construct a heroic poem of
your o wn, and y ou will abate some
what of your admiration of the
EnglishbLanguage. Tbe paintings
of Zeuxis were charming ; but
shading and eoloring that gave ex
pression to their ideal beauty were
common paint. We have to do
with the elements-the characters.:
the subtle genius of Milton was
the magic wand at whose touch
the alphabet became a Paradise
Lost. I am ready to admit, how
ever, that no language, living or
dead, is more remarkable than the
English-for complexity and ir
regularity.
In childhood we should uncon
sciously form a habit of speaking
correctly were it not almost uni
versally true that our parents can
not, or do not, speak grammatical
ly ; that we are placed in the care
of nurses whose wantof a coherent
language is supplied with a detest
able dialect, and that we associate
with persons as little cultivated as
ourselves. At school we must un
learn much of what we learned in
early childhood ; we must learn
that our parents are not infallible ;
we must discard forms of speech to
which in infancy we became ac
customed, and begin a critical
study of the language which
should be our willing servant. in
childbood, w'hen we should form
such habits of speaking as would
render the study of grammar un
Decessary, our mothers fondly in
form us that we are "itsy, bit.sy
sings"; bail us with "cootsy, coot
sy coot.a": implore us t.o show
"muzzer its toofie" ; flood us wil
other heathenish jargon whic
only serves to prepare trouble f<
the coining school waster. Afo
a time we lose the voices of oi
mothers and give ready ear to ti
gruff, growling and less affectio
ate, but more grammatical toni
of the world. Whdn we rea.
college, we have perhaps learnt
to define the nine parts of speech
and eight ot the definitions m
fail to understand-we are, in of
own estimation, "fraught with a
"earning" ; our grammars are n<
satisfactory ; our dictionaries at
not uniform ; and trouble begit
in real earnest. And we are ni
slow to find out that one may we
make the English Language, 1
which pronunciation is by r
means the least difficult part, ti
study of a life.time.
The subject of the remarks
Spoken English, but much of whi
I shall say applies with equal for<
to written English, which is mor
exact and polished. In speakin
we encounter difficulties that d
not present themselves to the wi
ter ; we must not only show
true acquaintance with Englie
grammar, but we must also pr
nonoce with reasonable correo
ness. Here arises the difficulty
which I spoke a moment ago: %
would speak correctly, but there
no uniformity of pronunciatic
among the best scholars of the ag
Worcester claims to give the pr<
nunciation approved by a majorit
of the best scholars ; Webster an
Walker claim the same meri
Yet Worcester differs from Web
ter and Walker,and Webster diffei
from Walker and Worcester, c
the subjeet of pronunciation. I
many instances all fail to give ti
pronunciation to which de are a
customed ; and it is a question i
my mind, how far we ought I
follow the pronunciation of an
Df them. It is not likely that the
came very far south of Mason an
Dixon's line to ascertain the pr
nunciation in use among scholar
at the South. Uniformity of pri
nunciation is highly desirable, ba
there is small probability that
will ever be reached. The questio
then presents itself, when doctoi
disagree-w'hen orthoepists' difff
-to whom shall we turn ?
1 was formerly accustomed to sa
suvereignty. On hearing a gei
Leman pronounce the word soye
signty, I examined the dictionar'
with this result: Webster, in hi
Family & Counting House Diciioi
ary, gives preference to the pri
nunciation sovereignty ; in b
Common School Dictionary, t
prefers sovereign ty ; but in h
Unabridged, he gives preferent
to suLvereignlty. In the face of
palpable a contradiction, we ai
puzzled to know how to pronounc
the word. Tbis, however, is a
isolated instance, and as we mui
have a standard to which we ca
apply all words under dispute,
com mend Webster, for want of
better. If we would speak t.b
English Language with comment
able propriety, we must early fori
a habit of critical observation, an
make our dictionaries our.compar
ions. As I have intimated, a
mustgfnd out that we know muc
less than many of our fellow-wet
a e must dismiss, as far as v,e ma
09 able, that false pride whic
would have a thing true becaus
fosooth, we say it is true ; an
we must be willing to get info
mation from any source, for
makes no difference how low tU
source of knowledge may be, iti
in one respect, -always high4
than those who are igncrant 4
what it gives for them. Whet
ever you hear a word pronounce
differently from your accustome
pronunciation, hunt it down-p
to your dictionary. I have fc
lowed this plan with much profi
In speaking to a lady, some tin
ago, I used an expression som
what like this: 'His is a despic;
ble character.' She used the woi
despicable in her answer, and ti
intonation of her voice plain!
said 'you mispronounce, I sa
despicable.' We should not he
itate about admitting that wec
ten mispronounce our own la
guage; indeed, it is not possib
to correct our pronunciation, unt
we are brought to a knowled;
ot its incorrectness.
,h In studying grammar, by which
h I mean a correct use of the Ian.
or guage, you must study the dic
ir iorary closely, to learn the true
ir force and significance of words;
e and you must read literally and
2. critically. Here common sense
must play an important part.
h Study grammar as a guide, but
d make no grammar your standard.
- Study the best authors, it is the
e business of the grammarian to re
r flect the usage of the best schol
1 ars, and I should have you to
t study grammar in its source. I
c find it interesting as well as pro
s fitable to criticise passages from
>t well known authors, in their use
111 and arrangement of words. I sug
)f gest that you do this; not with
o the view of doing the author
e whom you criticise any injury, but
for the purpose of improving your
is own use of the language. To find
Lt fault with an author in whom
e rich truths 4bound, on account of
e the inaccurate use of a few words,
g would, I admit, showing the slit
o tleness of carping criticism;' but
i. by learning to see a writer's in
a accuracies and glance, you become
h able to close the links in your own
y. harness. You remember, the ar
row of the effeminate Paris reached
)f the heel of Achilles, his only
e vulnerable point; and the great
8 Grecian was laid low. 'Had the
r: little crab never nibbled at the
D. heel of Hercules it would not now
y. hold a place among the constel.
lations. I do not mean, that by
d finding faults of great men, you
t. will become learned or be counted
3. among the stars of~ the literary
.s world ; but you will improve in
n point of precision. Men of emi
n nence may disregard accuracy in
e small things, but it is not to be ig
3. nored by those who may never
a have any other distinguishing
' merit.
On the subject of grammar, I
y am not willing to accept any man
d as final authority. I have heard
even Shakspeare quoted as au
, thority on the subject, while all
y. who have rightly read the great
a bard, know full well that his
t merit is in the drama. Perhaps
n he was authority in his age, (I
-s doubt even that); so was the
r author of the Canterbury Tales,
in his age ; but we live in a diffe
rent age, and our language is con
~stantly changing. Poe she wed a
Scritical knowledge of the EInglish
Slanguage but he was not faultless.
SMacaulay, speaking of an in
dividual, says 'What he calls his
~opinions are merely his tastes.'
, oe criticises the sentence anid
e abapes it so a.s to read-'His opin
,ions are nothing but his tastes.'
e Poe is in fault, why? Because,
oan opinion cannot be a taste,
e though what one call his opinions
6 may be merely his tastes. Sir
a Walter Scott says-'His own feel
Sings would bave prompted him to
n have left immediately.' He means
~ His own feelings would have
a prompted him to leave (not 'to
e have left') immediately.' A wri
. ter on grammar, whom I1 read
nsome time ago, uses the following
d forms of speech : 'A pear tree
a. diminutive in size;' (did you ever
e see anything diminutive other
h wise than in size?); 'an unlucky
.thorn pierced my thumb,' (does it
,not seem to you that the thumb,
h not the thorn was unlucky ?); I
a, trained a woodbine over the front
d of my little homestead' (is that
e. possible ?) the writer means dwel
it hing-house. Joel T. Headly, speak
e~ ing of the death of Moses, says
~ Moses laid down to die.' As the
r reverend author fails to inform
us what Moses laid down, we are
-. at liberty to sappose that Moses
d lay down to die' I mention a few
d instances merely to show that
*those who presume to teach are
Inot above suspicion ; and I am
Svery far from being without sin,
ethough, in a metaphorical sense, I
.- am casting stones ini all directions.
~. Having iriven you my opinion
d as to the best man ner of studying
e Orthoepy, I shall now call your
y attention to a few words common
y~ y mispronounced. Some of you
s. expect to become graduates ; if
.f after graduation you have any
- regard for distinctions of sex or
e gender, do not call yourselves
il alumnae. The graduates of Ne w
e berry College are alumni; femaled
grardnates are properly called
alumnae. If you ever saw a lady
who did not accent the word ex
quisite on the second syllable, you
saw a miracle. When accented
thus, the word has a certain rich
ness of sound tbat makes it very
attractive (I had almost said ex
quisite), but our aim being pre
cision rather than euphony, lot us
agree to procounce the word ex
quisite.
The following words are pro.
nounced-Esther (h silent), Ural,
us, . ulus, gratis, data, strata,
horizon, abdomen, verbatim, pa.
tent, patent-right, habeas corpus,
alias, literati, bankwit (banquet),
conkwest (conquest), construe,
opponent, pleiades (ia has the
sound ya), conversant, extant, sac
rifice (ce having sound of ze)
posthumous (h silent,] leisure,
patron defici't, alternate (noun), is
olated.
I now ask your closest atten
tion while I mention some impro
prities of speech that are very
common, and have recently come
under my own observation.
It is not correct to say William
is more perfect than James. Noth
ing ,an be more perfect; because
perfection does not exist in differ
snt degrees. On the same prin.
ciple 'absolutely' is superfluous
in the expression 'It is absolutely
necessary.'
Avoid the use of 'equally as.'
Say that book is good, but this is
equally good; or This book is as
good as that.
Do not use 'but' after else. Say,
I saw no one but John-or I saw
no one else than (not but) John.
A certain lady when asked how
she enjoyed a ride, exclaimed
Oh ! I had a gorgeous time !' Shade
of Webster! What kind of a time
had she? Another lady, on being
asked how sbe enjoyed an enter
tainment, exclaimed, '0, 1 had a
delicious time I' One saw her time
and it was gorgeous; the other
tasted bers and it was delicious.
A very common error is the
use of a plural adjective with a
singular noun, in sentences of
these kind; I say these kind, I
mean this kind : 'I don't like
those kind of men,' 'I am not fond
of these sort of apples.' If you
may correctly say, those sort. or
these kind, it is correct to say
those boy is awkv ard,' tLuese man
s kind.'
Never use 'over' when you
mean 'more than.' Siy 'T saw
more than twenty men ;' 'He is
more than fourteen years old.'
Do not say 'There were less
than forty men,' when there were
fewer than forty men.
You allude to a thing when you
advert, or refer to it in a playful
manner. The Latin is ad ludere.
When one says 'I feel badly,'
I at once think that his sense of
touch is defective. Yet, persons
who are never guilty of saying It
tastes goodly-She looks beauti
fully, I feel sickly, are habitually
guilty of using the forms, I feel
badly, she felt awk wardly.
When you think or suppose
you neither reckon nor guess.
When your Dulcinea says 'ex
cuse me, I have a previous en
gagement,' she means that she
has an engagment previous to
what ? It is enough to say 'I
have an engagement.' Even that
l often too much to be perfectly
agreeable.
When you mean that a state
mcnt was oral, do not say verbal.
A verbal statement may be either
written or spoken
-Use the forms-He told us (not
we) boys-There's nothing be.
tween him and me (not I), Lets
you and me go.
You would smile if I should say
I went to a party last ~night, and
saw twelve parties. Do not use
'party' for 'person.'
'If any membe of the cong~re
gation wishes to connect them
selves with the church they will
come forward while the choir
sings.' Who will come forward ?
Ttiey I Any member ! The clergy
men begias with any member, but
afterward speaks of him as they.
In sentences of that kind it Is bet
ter to use the pronounce he as of
common gender,-If any member
wishes &c., he will come forward.
Each of you is (not are) a stu
Never use 'except' for 'accept.
A young friend of mine was once
desperately in love with a dark.
eyed damsel who knew more
about the bloom of youth than
about correct English ; but wben
she sent him a gift, and the ac
companying note contained the
words, 'Will you except this pre.
sent?' she killed love as dead as a
smelt ? (Pardon the slang). Per
haps his was love grammatical. -
Have a care in the use of 'lie
and 'lay' Never say I laid down,
-but I laid my book down.
Watch 'act' and 'sit,' or in an
unguarded moment they will set
you awkwardly back.
Instead of 'I had rather go,' 'we
had better cross over,' 'I had
rather be a dog and bay the
moon,' say 'I would,' or I should
rather &c. Milton believed that
there is (not was) a God ; Cato
believed tbt the soul is (not was)
immortal. In expressing a univer
sal truth, use the present tense.
Bill Arp says a Georgia girl will
not marry a boy who says 'I taken.
Georgia girls show good sense in
their effort to teach boys the pro.
priety of saying 'I took.'
Carefully examine 'Expect and
Suspect,' and remember that there
is no such verb as suspicion. Say
'I suspect him ;' never 'I suspicion
him.' Axpect means await. It is
correct to say 'I expect him ;' but
incorrrect to say 'I expect that he
will come.'
There is in our language no
such word as unthoughtedly. When
you mean that you acted thought
lessly or unthinkingly, do not say
unthoughtedly.
Say-I differ from other men;
I differfrom the gentlemen. it is
usually thought correct to say ']
differ with you in opinion but I
'differ from you in appearance.
But the Latin defero eustains me
in the opinion that we should use
from instead of with. On the
same principle, s.y one thing is
different from (not to) another.
And say I parted from (not with)
my friends.'
Never use 'got' for must. Say
'1 must go'-'you must do it ;' not
'I've got to go.'
When you say-'My sweetheart
has got beautiful hair' you do
not pay your sweetheart a com
pliment. Any one could get beauti
ful hair.
In*' the economy of the lan
guage, we have I, you and we
don't-'or do not; but we shlould
say he, she or it doesn't (not
don't).
Never use the expressions, pass
by, approve of, follow after, assem
ble together, reflet or return back,
continue on, rise up, and loom up.
When you mean that you can
do a thing with difficulty, say-'I
can hardly do it,' ir'stead of 'I
can't hardly do it.'
Say one thing corresponds to
another. Say 'the river abonds
with trout,' or 'trout abound in the
river.'
Did you ever try to learn a per.
son anything ? If so, you failed.
You can teach others, but every
one must learn for himself. 'What
is the -use or having a book with
out you expect to study it ?' Never
use without for anless.
Distinguish carefully between
so and such. 'I don't like so hard
lessons'-is what you mean when
you say, 'I don't like such hard
lessons.'
When I was a small boy, I once
asked my teacher-'Can I gc
out?' He quickly answered--']
suppose you can, if you try
Since that time, I have used may.
in asking for permission. Some
time ago I was dining out, and
my fair hostess, pointing to the
chicken, persistently asked-'Oculd
I help you to some of this fowl?T
I felt a wicked inclination to an
swer in the words of my old
'school master-- I suppose you
could if you would try.' Do not
use conversationalist for conver
sationist ; agriculturalist.for agri
culturist ; preventative for pre.
ventive ; or inaugurate for begin,
'Pass those molasses, if yor
please ?' The only thing thai
rescues that sentence from con
tempt, is the evident politeness o
its tone. 'Pass' means go by, g<
by those molasses, if you please.
But molasses is singular, and we
have the very singular request
'Go by that molasses, if you
please.'
The person who says those,
or these molasses, says -Politics
are.'
The man who habitually says
'I am mad,' when be is angry,
would not feel complimented if one
should call hi;n a madman;and
we should* not be surprised at
hearing him say, 'I am aggrava
ted,' when he means vexed,
annoyed or irritated.
'Bury it so deep that it can
never be resurrected' is a favorite
expression among some of our po
litical speakers, who seem to for
got thax a thing cannot be resur
rected-that a soul never was,
and never can be resurrected.
Do not say-'all mon are not
honest; when you tean 'Not all
men are honest.'
But it is not my aim to ex
haust either you or the subject;
and I shall be satisfied if you re
member the few inaccuracies to
which I have directed your atten
tion. There is another branch of
the subject on which I have some
thing to say; I accordingly pro.
ceed to that. Every one has, or
should have a style. Perhaps I
should do wtfll to sbow what I
mean by style. An author's style
is that whiob distinguishes his
writings from the writings of all
others. That explanation is not
satisfactory ; let me put it in this
shape: You have read Macaulay
and Carlyle-if not, do so at your
earliest opportunity-and in read
ing, if you read with any discrim
ination, you noticed that while
each does credit to his language,
the two writers widely differ.
That which most distinguishes
them is style-the manner of ex
pression-the choice and arrange
ment of aords. Carlyle is dis
jointed, nervous and energetic
Macaulay, easy, smooth, and pol
ished. Carlyle strikes with a
bludgeon ; Macaulay thrusts with
a rapier of Damascus steel. As I
have presumed to advise you, let
me go father. You wish to know
how to form a pure style; how to
-decide what words to use, and
where to put them. Again I sug
gest that you study the best au
thors, and that you associate as
often as possible with persons
who have a proper regard for the
beauties of our language, and who
do not give way to its abuses.
When I say study the best au
thors, I am very far from meaning
that- you should imitate any one.
A literary copyist is generally
hield to be contemptible. JEmer
son is a distingQished writer, but
even he would be more admired if
it were not for a strong suspicion
that Carlyle is his model. Make
no man's style your ideal ; an
artist never realizes his ideal. In
studying the great men of the
literary world do not forget who
you are. If you falsely regard
yourselves as Macaulays, you will
imitate the easy flowing periods
of Macau lay; if you look upon
yourselves as Carlyles, you will
try to adopt the rugged richness
Qf Carlyle; if you think your
selves Gibbons, you will imitate
the stately diction of the great
historian,-and in so doing, you
will defeat the attain ment of the
very end at which I sbould have
you aim - individuality. Make
many men your guides; no man
your master. Study others, but
be yourselves-be natural. In
what I have just said, I did not
lose sight of the fact that there is
a difference between a literary and
a colloquial style.
T wo things I should especially
enjoin upon you-simplicity an d
perspicuity. Choose the simplest
words that will convey your
thought, and so arrange them that
the wayfaring man though a fool,
cannot fail to see your meaning.
It readily appears that~the pur
pose of language, is threefold;
to instruct, to please and to per
suade. Some persons speak to
the fancy, others to the heart,
others, still, to the understanding.
AIn speaking for merely rhe torical
effect, you may loiter by the way
Eto cull sweet iowers of speech or
iyou may tower upward, and still
upward till you-dash your wings
Sagainst the prison bars of the ha~
man soul. This you may do when E
your sole purpose is to please the ei
fancy, or to lead your bearers a P
mystic dance through wonder 1
land; but Horace truly says, 'If
you would touch the heart, you
must refrain from bombast.'
The first requisite of speaking
well is to have something to say ;
the second, to know how to say it.
Many college students care far C
more for sound than for,sense, f
and we are often disgusted with a
striving after effect, that shows D
itself in woads a foot and half D
long. I read somewhere, that an D
old Grecian having been asked
whether h. would rather see his
daughter wed a wealthy man H
witbout virtue, or a virtuous man
without wealth, said-.'I should
rather see her wed a man with
out an estate, than an estate
without a man.' So a man of G
taste would much rather receive G
rich truths and glowing thoughts, C
clothed in the simplest speech,
than high sounding words swell
ing with nonsense. We should
not be so silly as to give one a ''
pearl hiddon in a profusion of
flowers-we should not go to the w
tree on whioh leaves grow most D
luxuriantly to find fruit. The
archer uses just enough feather to
guide: his arrow to the mark- H
and we should use just enough
language to convey our thoughts. S
The following example will show
you the absurdity that marks the J
style of those who always go on
stilts : A lady asked an old gen
tleman for a definition of the word
periphrasis, and got this answer- T
'A periphrasis, madam, is a cir
cuniocutory cycle of oratorical
sonorosity,circumscribing an atom
of ideality; lost in verbal profund
ity.' When I say that definition F
has sound, I give the sum of its
merits. The same could be said e
with equal truthfulness- of a bass tl
drum. It has sound. Yet I have h
heard just such language from
commencement orators, who un
happily labored under the delusion
that the speaker must always T
drive a coach and six--that every b
noun must be attended with a
a long line of high-sounding ad
jectives. d
I told you a while ago that our
Language is difficult; on that h
point, I presume, there can be but fc
one opinion. None of you deny,
then, that the language is difficult A
in every essential particular ; in
orthography-in orthoepy and in
grammar. And yet, if the way to sj
accuracy and elegance in the use e,
of ~our Language were as broad tI
and smooth as the road that leads ~
to destruction there are persons di
w bo would depart from it in pur- R~
suit of novelties and oddities. Yeu ~
have doubtless met men, who e,
make a merit of being singular; ti
men w bo pique themselves on ei
being different from all the rest b<
of mankind. Such persons are T
usually pedants; avoid pedants. re
When the majority of uceholars ti
agree that it is correct. to say ,
either, I conjure you, by your re- pl
gard for the good Queen's En- E
glish, esche w that other pronuncia- ti
tion ither. Be satisfied with the $
language as you find it in the v
mouths of the best scholars ; and ti
never try to make a show a
of learning by using foreign
phrases when you can express
your thoughts as clearly and fora fi
cibly in our own noble tongue. si
.New and unnecessary words are u
constantly coining, which tend to e
make the language more difficult. d
We should use as pure English as ri
we can command, and be cautious o
as to the manner in which we n
touch the barbarous jargon, fitly b
called slang, that so extensively
prevails. There are human eut-~
tiefishes that would ren der the ;ti
stream of language dark and im- tl
pure, if it were as clear aud crystal z
as the dewpearls that glisten in
the morning sunlight. You should
never use a word whose signifi- ~
canoe you do not know ; and '
when you employ the simplest
words, you should see to it, that
they convey thoughts, and that ~
they hold their proper places. -
In much of what I have said,
we may differ. I merely ask you1
to consider it.
In conclusion, I commend to
you a careful study of fou r things:t
amlet's Instructions to the Play
s-Horace's Art of Poetry
ope's Essay on Criticism--and .
rebster's Unabridged Ductionaiy.
THE GIRFIELD CLAgS.
WAsniI^,ToN, Oct. 17 -The "fol
wing is a complete list of the celaim e
ed. with the Board designated by
)ogress to audit the claims arising
om the illness and death of the las e
resident Garfield.
D. W. Bliss..........$25,000 .0
Hamilton................. 25,000 00
D. Hayes Agnew.......... 14,700 00
. Robert Reyburn.......... 10,00 00'
. D. S. Lamb (for examination
of the body at Elberon, N. 'J.) 1,000 d40
Susan A. Edson.... ..... 10,000 00 - .
>tal Doctor bills..... ..... 86,500 00
enry S. Little, receiver of the
Central Railroad of New Jer
sey, for laying special track
at Elberon and running spe
cial trains................. 3,239 i
ne & Proctor, of Washington,
for furniture................ 162 56
.o. W. Knox, of Washington,,
express charges.... ...... 18 00,
G. C. Simum, of Washington,
for drugs, &c...........
iarles A. Benedict, of New
York, funeral expenses, in
cluding casket............. 887 80
B. Speare, a Washington, un
dertaker................1,890 60
ios. Dolan and James Sheridan,
messengers at Executive Man
sion, each................. 300 00
illiam Gnin, messenger at
State Department........... .... .
. James W. Walslt, for em
balming body.............. 50000
torge Tremain & Co., of New
York, surgical instruments,&c. 86 217
L. Crawford, for sprinkling
grounds of the Executive Man
sion .................... ..27 00
H. Bailey, services at Man
sion... .................... 900
.B. Moses & Son, linen, &c. 40.23
nes Goodwin, of Boston, for
invalid bed................. i 00
m. 0. Dupee, messenger War
Department. .............. 210 00
ngleton & Holke, of Washing
ton, for carpet, &c..........122 44
ie National Capital Telephone
Company................. 50 00
2arles H. Lee, messenger De
partment of Justice......... ....
imes Wilson. cooking, &c. 180.00
dependent Ice Company, for
ice .... ............. 1,516 92
red. R. Moore, %essenger ser
vice...................... 175 00
Margaret Nugent, cook, and the
nployees of the Executive. Mansion,
tree months' extra pay. No claim
s yet been filed by Dr. Boynton.
Congress appropriated $35,000 fr
edical services and attendance, os
0,000 less than the doctors demand
he bills as presented specify the num
r of days each physician was in at
ndance. Dr; Bliss charges for -his
rvices at the rate of nearly $318,&
ty. Dr. Hamilton nearly the-same,
id Dr. Agnew about $300 a day.
[r. Dr. Edson and Dr. Reyburn as
r $200 a day.
REPRODUCTIVE VOEET.
The present comEt in the Eastern
~y, which can be distinctly seen by
eryone at early morning, is certainly
e most remarkable one, of all the
odern comets ~ Prof. Lewis Swift,
rector of the Warner Observatory,
ochester, N. Y., states that the
met grazed the sun so closel~
use great disturbance, so muchase
tat it has divided into no less than?
ght separate parts, all of which can
distinctly seen by a good telescope.
here is only one other instance ont
cord where a comet has divided,
tat one being Beila's comet of 1846,
bieh separated into two parts. Ap
iestions have been made on Mr. H.
.Warner by parties who have.noted
ese cometary offshoots, claiming the
~00 prize for eaeh one of them..
hether the great comet will ee
nue to produce a brood of smaller
mets remains to be seen.
If you think it right to differ
om the times, and to make a
and for any valuable point of
orals, do it, however rustie, bow
rer antiquated it may appear;
o it, not for insolence, but e
onsly as a man who wore a soul
f' his own in his bosom, and~ did .
wattill it was breathed into
im by the breath of fashion.
Men who have the strongest in
~llects have the weakest memories;
ey trust mnore- to invention than
emiory.
The moment a man is satisfied with
icnself, everybody else is dissatisfied
ith him.g
There is some difference between
reating the' poor well and the well
The dissolution 'of forms is no
oss in the mass of matter.
The fox ends by getting into
ha fnia. shop.