The Newberry herald. (Newberry, S.C.) 1865-1884, May 12, 1869, Image 1
Ta borting A YtAn,] FOR THE DISSEMINATION OF USEFEL INTELLIGENE IVRAL
WEDNSO 1N
SWEDNESDAY MORNING, MAY 12, 1869. I - lXta,fadca
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Our Industrial Resources. I
ruE MANUFACTURE OF COTTON
PECtLIAR ADVANTAGE OF THE
SOUTRRt As COMPARED WITH
eTs Neai B n STATes.
During the. first- day's session
)f the Agricoltural Convention at
olombi., en motion orGov. Orr,
lolonel J. B. Palmer was request
ad-to give some information to
the Convention relative to manu
,acturing at the South. In re
ponce, Colonel Palmer read the
6llowing very interesting paper
bich he had -prepared on the
;ubject. Upon the conclusion of
ihich, a resolution of thanks was
iopted:
r PWtd "r T heeien of
*e'1 Conntntio-nWith, I trust, a
roper ppreciation of the courte
ty ofthp h1convention, in affording
aean opportunity to submit the
owing paper for their con
tideration ; and with a painful
sense of my inability to do justice
o' so important a subject, fraught,
s I beleve'it to be, with such
rital.interest to the South, but
with a recognition of the fact that
t is the duty of every citizen to
o what he can to advance the
m.perity of t' e country. I pro
,eed to read what I have hastily,
ind 1 fear very imperfectly, pre
ared.
The advantages x>osseased . by
he South over the North, in man
Ifacturing cotton may be stated
)riefiv to be :
1. An abundance of unoccupied
vater'-power in. every Sothern
Rate.
2. A mild climate. Fire, for
ieating parpose,As only necessa
y for from one to three months
n the year. Resinous heart pine
rood can be procured a v rv low
ates. The.pay forseh. wood de
icerei within o,e mile of the
actory, is only $1 per cord, and
>ur total expense for fuel for, eay
wo and one-'half months in the
rear, is but one-tenth of one cent
>er po-und, when charged to the
naunfactures of those months.
rhile in the North it is about one
;ut per pound on the manufac
-res-of at least five months in the
'ear.
3. W.agosare, and must coatin
te to be, comparatively iw. The
uildness of the climate, the:abun
lance oflumber and the cheap
iess'of land, enables manufactur
,rs to provi'e thieir opnrtives
vith inexpensive Itri& comfortable
tuses and large gardena plats.
Ehe country being an agricultural
me, weinust soon be able to pro
lee our provisions, while the
naufacturing districts of t hi e
~orth must always depend upon
be distant West, and, to some ex
ent, upon the Sout h .for theirs.
4. OperatIives. Northern men.
c ig'as superinteiden ts of Si>uth
rnmills, aimit thd superiority of
ur factory hands, who are re
narkably frugal iad indiustrious,'
Ld who are easily controHled.
5. Fk-eights are lower on yarns
Lnd taths than on lint cotton.
Lhere has been a time, within the
ast three years, when a bale of
otton of 450 pounds, worth say
90, paid a freigtit from Charles
;on to New York or Philadelphia.
>f $2 50 per bale, whieb would be
.77 per cent. on value, while that
:tton, made into a bale of 400
bounds of No. 20 yarn, worth say
1pff paid only 60 cents per bale,
r 44-.0J3 per cent. 6n v'alue-a
i'eepee in favor of yarns of 21
er cent. The Southern manu
Gtuer 'sies the freight on bag
ng; rope and other waste. This
waste can be manufactured into
paper at the South more cheaply
han. at the.North,. and is, conse
inntly, rnrealug&ble here than
hern. Reclamation on false pack
d owndiuagsd cotton is easy and
:lirect, arid we save tlie burden
sme Northern charges for stor
ige, brokerage, &c.
I stipport these positions by the
rolowing statement of actual cost
at ananuacturing at Saluda Cotton
Jil,shown by our books. It
mnusi be recollected that we have
rneayid.i th'e man ufacture ofNo.
3yarn only 4000spindles, (Jenks'
ring. travellers). Of course, a
~reater numi.r of .spiodles, or the
productions of yarns of a lower
number, wonfd BnsU're a ess e'ost
peround.
Lab r-Superintendent, 3'(; erdinlg,
8;.p5n.'itg?s; hernig, '... 44
RepvI,Labersiedmaterial mneary
umety new)................. ...2
Oeneral expenU*s-Wateb 13; balI~
32;Ieings;2; oil, 15; atates;
..ga..an.8....... ........... 00
A--Losa by ersa4Bnd en
Ten per cent for wear and rear of ma
cbinery, charged to production, per
pound............ ... 1 26
Total cost of manufacturing cotton,
worth 20c. per pound .......9 00
Freights to New York or Philadelphit
65c-. l:surance 15..................80
Cost cotton per pond............20 00
Total co't per pound of Southern
urn, ( 'o. 20) delivered in New
York...................... 29 80
The very lowet 'stimate I have. seen
of the cost of minufac;nritag at the
Nor h, places coqr (f lalK r, repair.
pick ag, an i general expenses at
per p-an1................. ..10 24
Lo.. by was.e. (cott..n at 20t in Col
umbia wonld '- - 221c. in New VorK;
therer r:, 450 potids cttou would
co-t $101 25. and would make 400
pound. y.trn)......... .......2 81
Ten per cent. for wear and tear of ma
cbiuery .--%%- --%- 126
Total cost of manufacturing in the
North ..--- - -,"", 1431
"Ad$costofcotton -- %-- ,
Cost of No 30 yarns manufactured at
- the No.'th. - , i i - % -- 36 81
Showing a differenca in favor of the
South of per pound - - - - - - - - 7 01
Both- n g the same quality of cotton.
Deduct commissions, cartage, sc., , , 2 01
And we have a net profit to the South
ern manufacturer. y,rov.ded he sells
at the cost of Northern producion , 5 00
A manufacturer of cottofl vans from Man
che,ter. Et.g and1, after looking at ourbooks,
lald mne that we maunutured cheper than
they did, by about the difference in value of
cnrrencv and gold That is to say, that the
Co,t of labor,. repairm. packing and
general expenses was with them
g,jl% - - - ..- . - $524
Add for difference in value of gold and
etirrency - - - , , - , - - 1 75
And we have in currency " - - - " 6 99
Estimating cotton in Liverpoolat 24c-,
aA the wastc (450 lbs. cottpn,,wurlh -
: making 400 ibs. yarn.) would
be-n s =- - % %, - -- 20
999
Weairand tear ofaecrhliery - " " - - 128
1 25
bdd cost of cotton .. " - - " - - - " 84 00
And'we have, as e of go.10 yarn
matinfaeertd in Engtaud , - - 35 25
Cost o iuuthern yarn , as heretofore
shown . ... .. . .......... 29
Freight and insur.uce . ....... 1 30
Coat of Southern yarns delivered In
England . .. .. ... . .s... 30 50
Difference in favorof Soutberp yarns . 4 75
7B it-. atiaato is nade .of the
brokerage, &e., in Liverpool, or of
the freights and charges. on the
cotton from Liverpool to Manches
ter. Southern yarns could be
shipped to the continent of Eu
rope at about tie same rates as to
Liverpool, while English yarns
would have to pay freight from
Manchester to the contin e n t.
Toese additional charges on the
cost of English yarns being con
sidered, I think it would be quite
fair to infe from the foregoing
that we coald send our y:irns to
Europe, and, selling them at the
cost of producing English yarns.
derive a pet profit of at least five
cents per pound.
In support of the figures I have
given, and the conclusions I have
drawn from them, I mention the
fct that at no time within the last
three years wvould we have been
miable to commIanld from 0our
Northbern comnmission bouses (had
we chosen to ask for them) advan
cs bevond the total cost of our
yrs.Can. any Northern or En
gish manufatutrer say this?
Estimating the average crop of
cotton at 2,500,000 bales of 450
pounds-each, and the price here at
25 eenrts, andJ we have as the
aount received by the South
22,000,000. Man ufiaeture this
eottoni into yarnis, and sell at cost
of Northern or English produe
tion, and we have, after deducting
all foreign charges, (net price per
po md 34c.) $340,000,000 ; and for
waste, which would be worth for
paer stock,- if manufactured at
theSouth, $2 per bale, 5,000,000
-$345,000,000; showing a gain to
the South of $120,000,000 ; and if
we estimate for a receipt of say
3. per pound and cost of foreigpi
mannfacture, (and our experience
would more than justify it) we
have a further gain of $30,000,000;
in all $150,000,000.
The ave! age productions of yarns
last year throughout the United
States was per spindle 62. 17 pounds;
the average number of yarn man
ufactured, 27,318; the total num
ber of spindles was about 6,048,
249; of these the Northern States
had 5,848,477, and the Southern
States only 199,772. The average
number of yarn manufactured at
the North was 27*; produm-tion
per spindle 59.57. The average
umber of yarn manufactured at
the South was 12*; production
per spindle 140.37.
These figures are based upon
the reports made to the National
Association of Cotton Manunfactu
res and Planters. It is probable
that many of the smaller mills in
the South were not reported. My
calculation is based upon an aver
age production per spindle (ring
traveller) of 87 pounds, auaverage
numbr 30.
To spin 2,5''.0,00 bales would
requfro fl4$?53 69i0 es- if
ap 1ame e naad. ofdord'
le:s number of spindles would be
required. The calculation will
vary, according to the kind of
spinning done and machines used.
11,494,253 spindles would give em
ploynent to 249.951 bands-prin
cipally females, from ten years of
age up, and small boys.
The averege wages of the opera.
tives (1 ig and little) in our mill
is $142.82 each per annum, which
would give as the, gross amnount
paid for wages per annum, 55.798,
901.82. And that, too, paid for
labor that would nearly all of it
not only be otherwise unemployed
in adding to the wealth of the
country, but be a positive burthen
upon the country.
It must not be suppose_ that,
because these figures show at it
would require about tw'p the
number'of spindles now ruc n the
North to spin up our_entiretotton
rop at home, that the amognt of
eapital required would be .ouble
that invested in cotton mi nufac.
Lures in the North, and tb4retore
to be beyond our reach ; for but a
romparatively small amount of
Northern capital is invested in
spinning. The most of i= is in
weaving, dyeing, printing, bleach
ing, &c. Spinning is comparative
ly simple, and complications com
menee when weaving begins.
It must be evident to every
business msn, that all our eotton
must, sooner or later, be manufac
tured here, at the place of 1i pro.
duction. If done now, by associ
Wtions of planters and other South
ern people, additional wealth. is
secured to ourselves and to our
ehildren; if deferred, Northern
eapital and energy will inevitably
ccupy the field.
Tt seems to me entirely practi
:able that the planters of cstton
;rowing districts all over the.outh
;hould combine together in joint
5toc'k associations, and erc- ecot
ton mills of sufficient capa to
pin op theirtro p. Nd -@
Lhis suggestion were acted upon
it once, and all our cotton made
into yarn, and thrown upon the
Nrthern market, the s u p p ly
would exceed the demand, an,
loss, at first, would ensue. My
proposition is to ship direct to the
:ontinent of Europe. as well as the
Torth. It would take us but lit
Le time to drive other yarns from
The market. The process of ap
proaching the spinning of our en
ire crop -would be gradual, and
would keep pace with the gradual
withdrawal of our competitors.
To show the practicability of
his plan, I submit an estimate for
I coLton mill with 4080 spindles,
ring travelling frames :
Number of square feet of floor
ing, 10.200; amount of No. 20 yarns
ranufactured for s p in dle, 87
pounds. Total amount of No. 20
arns manufactured in mill, 354,
160 pounds. Cost of first-class ma
hinery, with all the latest im
provements, viz: One large cylin
er cotton opener, (English;) one
3 ylinder cotton opener, with 1
beater, (English ;) 1 double lap
machine, (English;) 10 self-strip
ping, 36 inch cords, with 2 R. W.
ieads, troughs and belts ; 2 draw
ing frames and cans; 1 English
.uber, 60 spindles; 2 English
jack roving frames, 120 spindles
each ; 20 ring traveller spinning
frames, 204 spindles each ; 14 reels;
traverse grinder, slide reel, card
elothing, governor, turbine wheel,
cotton sealcs, bundle and bale
presses, shafting, belting, bob bins,
transportationi, putting up -ma
hinery, findings to commence
with, &c.. &., $43,000 ; building, in.
eluding houses .for operatives. (es
timated by an experienced con
tractor,) $7000; total, 850.000.
Sucn a mill will give employment
o 87 operatives, and will consume
887 bales cotton, weighing 450
pounds each. Estimated net pro
fits on productions, if sold at cost
of Northern production, $17,748.
No estimate is made of the cost of
water-power, as that would depend
upon location, size and nature of
stream.
Finally with great diffidence,
but with equal earnestness, I urge
upon the Uonvention, and upon
the Southern people generally,
careful consideration of the facts
and figures submitted; and close
with the suggestion, that houses
of orrection. for juvenile delin
quents who aboand ina our midst,
pd penitentiaries for females be
established, and that their inmates,
as we*l as those of orphan asylums,
be employed in cotton manuafae
turing. I may state that, by tbe
wis forethought of the projectors
of our State Penitentiary, tiis was,
to a limited e;iant provided for,
sad~ 1 believe. Ie Mi eti
ing)D that the conis VU* Dmmap1
,tu;eo arJy, 3:a.*0
Reported Belligerent Inter
view Between the President
and Senator Ross.
The Washington correspondent
of the New York Herald is respon
sible for the following:
Senator Ross, of Kansas, one of
the gallant seven who voted
against impeachment. bearded
the Presidential lion in his den
this (Monday) morning. The re
port is that Ross went to the
White House to look after certain
appointments for his far off State.
He had beard that the President
intended to make certain nomina
tions incompatible with the slate
that he (Ross) had made out for
himself. Ross, like other Sena
tors, is human. and has a soul not
above yearning for the loaves and
fishes. His soul felt sad at what he
had learned concerning the designs
of President Grant, and to give his
soul comfort he wended his way
to the White House. He was ad
mitted at the same time as old
Zack Chandler, but had the first
chance to speak his little piece to
the President.
"I come, Mr. President, to talk
with you about the appointments
for my State, having heard that
von intend to make certain nom
inations that may not harmonize
with my desires, if you deem it
worth while to consult them in
the least."
"To which Grant laconically
a n d interrogatively responded,
"Well, sir."
The Presidential respc.nse was
not in the true manner to be rel
ished by the Kansas Senator. "Am
I to understand that 1 am rightly
informed as to your stated inten
tions to disregad my preferences
in the matter of appointments, Mr.
President ?" enquired the Senator.
"That is a question hardly sns
eptible of an " answer, sir. To
what appointments do you allude?
inform me and then I ean reply?"
'oined Arant. - _ - -
Senator Ross liked the -second
answer as little as the first, but
having come for enlightenment he
was determined not to go away in
a fog. The Senator, therefore;
with suppressed rage, explained
the appointments to which be had
reference.
"Frankly, sir," said Grant. "I
intend not to make those appoint
ments;"
"What, sir ! You. scorn to ac
commodhte me in the least," ex=
claimed Ross, boiling over with,
rage.
"Sir, I believe I have given you
my answer," firmly - but steruly
replied Grant.
"This is not treating me fairly-,
Mr. President, nor as one gentle.
mand should another," uttered
Senator Ross.
"I have no intention to be die
tated to. sir," said Grant sharply.
"Nor have I to be insulted,even
by you, sir, were you t wenty times
the President," exclaimed Ross,
with his ire stirred up to white
heat.
"I must declinie to be annoyed
any further on thbe subject," mnut
tered Grant between his between
his teeth, "and desire the inter
view should terminate."
"You and your desires may go
to hell !" roared out Ross.
"Leave the room, sir ! Leave
the room, or I shall force you
out !" thundered Grant.
Ross took his departure accor
dingLv, in a terrible rage, quitting
the White House like one rushing
from a plague, and hurried to the
Capitol. President Grant threw
himself into a chair, the moment
the door closed, and wiped his
brow with his pocket handker
chief, evidently very much agita
ted. Old Zach Chandler approach
ed and was thus addressed by the
President:
Exeuse me for a few moments,
Senator. After that interview I1
must take a little time to cool off."
Such is the account which I have
learned and which I give substan
tially as it came to me. I do not
vouch for its truth, but have good
sround to believe it is not very
different from the actual occur
rence.
The Council (Iowa) Nonpariel
says that when the "good time
coming" comes, announcements
like the following will be frequent:
"Died, in the thirty-fifth year of
his age, Mr. John Smith, hgsband
of the Hon. Jane Smith, at her
residence at Nashua, this morning
at 6 o'o'ock. Mr. Smith was a
meek and quiet husband, beloved
for the graces4ofa cultillted and
trained nature. He excelled in
the domestic virtues-as a cook
he was surpassed-tby few ; s a
nuseeW;beulle by Znone."
----***
;L'(UWA wv?c" v 4Y
Secret Marriages-An - Old
Gentleman Tells a True Story.
Sia: While riding up town
yesterday I was an unwilling
listener to a conversation between
two students, who, as they ex
pressed themselves, were bent on
fun,consistingin a mock marriage
oftheyounger ofthetwotoa nurse
girl. I am an old man, nearly
seventy years of age, and I knew
I could with safety speak to then.
I told them I was then on my way
home from the deathbed of one
who was the envy of all who
knew him. He was a Southernor
by birth and education; his victim
is also a native of Georgia, but
brought up at the North in her
father's family.
Some 8 years ago he met her in
Tennessee, where the family were
staying, and she was then a beauti
ful girl just budding into woman
hood ; he followed them North,
and soon won the love of the girl,
who promised to be his bride; but
herparents would not consent,as he
was a Colonel in the rebel army.
He soon after joined his regiment
but time and distance only served
to make her love deeper; when,
one day, he suddenly appeared and
claimed the fultilment of her
promise. She consented to a pri
vate marriage. He left the next
day, promising soon to claim her
before the world. He sailed for
England, and before his return
she learned he had a wife when
he married her. He returned
with what he had gone for-a
divorce from his wife-and now
wanted G. to be publicly united to
him. She refused; he had deceived
her once, and she could not trust
him again. He took rooms in the
neighborhood, hoping to win her
to his views ; ba!. stricken down
with fever, with no kind hand td
hold the cup. of cold water to his
lips, he sent for her, but it was
not until I took word to her that
he was dying that se caia -;
never shall forget that death-bed
while I live; then I knew what!
that poor girl had suffered. It
is plain!y to be seen she is daily.
yea, hourly, passing away-actual
ly dying of a broken beitrt. The
world may laugh, but few girls
ever loved as she has loved this
man. She will have her reward
above for those words of forgive
ness and comfort spoken to that
dying one, and that prayer must
have been borne to Heaven by
angels : "Father, forgive him for
thy Son's sake!" May Gvd cenm
fort her in her affliction, she wh
can but mourn for hi n in her elo et
Girls, let this prove a lesson to
vou ; trust in your mother, even~
though it be a step)mother. Had
Georgie trusted in hers, thi
might all have been spared her.
Young mer, beware l.o .v you trifle
with a girl's purest atrectionls: re
member that the day is coming
when y oung and old, rieb and
poor, alike will be judged. Those
students were greatly moved, and
promised to give up their wild
ways: and knowing that yonr
paper is daily read by thousands
of young people, I trust you wil
publish this, as it may prove a
warning to many.
Go TO SLEEP EARLY.-Maniy
children, instead of being plump
and fresh as a peach, are withere.l
and wrinkled as last year's apples.
because they do not sleep enough.
Some physicians think that the
bones grow only during sleep.
This I cannot say certainly ; but
I do know that those little folks
who sit rp 'amo at nights are
usually nervous, weak, small and
sickly. The reason, why you need
more sleep than your parents is
because you have to grow and
they do not. They can use up
the food they eat in thinking.
talking and working, while you
should save some. of yours for
growing. You ought to sleep a
great deal; if you do not, you
will in activity consume all you
eat, and have none, or not enough,
to grow with. Very few smart
children seldom excel, or even
equal other people whben they grow
up. Why is this ? Because their
heads, if not their bodies, are kept
too busy, so they cannot. sleep.
rest and grow strong in body and
brain. Now when your mother
say's Susie or Georgie, or what
ever your name may be, it is $inue
to go to bed, do not worry ber: by
begging to sit up "just a little
longer." But hurry off to your
chambers remembering that you
have a great deal of sleeping and
growing to do to m ak e yo u
healthy, happy useful man or
woman .--Bural 1Yew Yorker.
Three cnlorel Edonen have {gevoe
The Edinburg Daily Review us
an interesting notice of a Wei
Independent Minister, the Bei .
David Williams, of -the county-of
Brecon. "He bad been, e c e
next summer, 64'years mime -
the same congregations. Bis
decessor was their pastor for 0
years, and his predecesso' *n
their minister for 60years,*Vt
the churches still u-rder bis eare
have had only three minislef dit
ring the long space of 174 .ears;
and what is still as remarksle,
the peace of these congre tions
has-never been once disur
a single jar or discord dunO
these long years I Peace has $1
ways prevailed amo'ng its varitos
members. It was oily at thebe
ginning of list ianuary( S7)
that he lost his wife, aftera.happy
union of 61. years, and that. was
the first time that a coffin reded
his threshold during his ubnesal
long married ihe, all his childi*
seen in number, being stilt'a
He preaches erC'Qgenerally,;Jrhe
times. every (unday, apd:;4 .
time*', during the. week, ,.
though-in his 89th year, he'
early on Monday morningt
does not 'know,'eecept by
*hut sonie periori mesf b I
word 'looday' ish. For
of 55 years he has been one -of.
most popular preachelin salei
and the great attraction on Alel
days' ia -orth1md-Soutr Wle*
when many thousarids 'are; et
to attend open-air services;.a
3o great a traveller has beeinspt
horseback, that he must iaV
have spent ten years of his i
the saddle; Talk of the youtbt2
buoyaney of the .1t4 Lord,PalkfO
storey by obr p atriareb pro'bf
eighty eight would bate Walk E
ai.d run him off his legs, and: W
ried 'biM of any ,ther rider. .
is completely;weather proof..laij
snow, tempest, and sto -'-- e
dhskes' jo laccobnt of, and
iow b dud w thT>k tib
riding f6rty fies 'over T
country~ and~e'onluctin i4
service in the evning.
heen for many years a .
teetotaller. Hie has an
stitution. He is a
inen of the W-elsh l ' t
legs, broad shoulde4 ,cnd d '
chest. He"has enjoyed extsoi -
nary good health, for dur'ag
lengthened period of his
h3 has never once been;
from preaching on a Sunday. Ma
ture has (ndowed him with' b"
natural elements of an or"tt4.
His temperament is highly Ih1 .
eurial, and his affections iz1$eney
ardent. lie sp>eaks even' 46'
with unfaltering flaency and 4s
markable force. He is di.
guished for his entholicity ofs1~t
and is equally beloved by
men of every religious perus~
His character is spotless, his tbe
ology orthodox, and hisprsin
highly evangelical."
Faith and Work.
Two gentlemen weMe. 6ne day
crossing the river in a 4'erry boat,
A dispute about faith anid worhe
arose, one saying thati good worbs
were of small importance, and
that faith was everything,- the
other asserting the coti r.
Not being able to convMe n
other, the ferryman an enlightened
Christian, asked permission tq
give his opinion. Cons'ent being
granted, he said' "1 hold i my
hand two oars. That in my righ$
hand, I call faith,' the OtbeUia
my left, 'works.' No,' gsIIW
men, please to observe, I pall the
oar of faith, and' pnHl that algud,
See! the boat goes ro'Bnd gn4
rouind, and the boat makes po
progress. I do the same witg the
oar of works, and with a precisely
similar result-no advanpe. Mark!
I pull both together, we go on
apace, and in a very few minutes
we shall be at our landing place.
So, in my hurnble opinion," he
added; "faith without works, or
works without faith will not suadios.
Let there be both, and the havs
of eternal rest is sure to, i
reached."
As- the flower is before the fruit,
so is faith before.good works.
Faith is the parent of works,
and the children will bear resen
blance to the parent.
It is not enough that the inwar4
works of a clock be well.construet.
ed, and also the dial plate and
hands th~e oneo must act on$6
other, the worka ,must regpe
the movements- of the halei.
4is Bae, th e oa yTeU~
publie,'opeiedad~oE iaS4W.
Bsoa ' -1Wll sb i v