oansA-'taBl FOR THE DISSENINATION OF USEFUL INTELLIGENCE.[NAIBYI DAC
- .-. *
9I.
WEDNESDAY MORNING, APRIL
a~fl ?2 IV
'JIM~I AL
g Wr 3EDNESDAY MORNING3
t Niwberry 0.I.,
. R.. g,n-a
~~~ut,~dbI aa e&nc
ne... me prat
-ane Am:"d as advWertans
se -IRCLE TV.
_#F~LIAL __DZFART3WNT.
Sa~ ae .jdieial power of
0 vekfed in- a Su
u twoCircuit Courts,
b Cotrt of Common
Sh&~iig diil jurisdiction and
_VCurtedf General SesouNs, .with
ti on only la Pro
Justices of the
Fgd
$jagAoral ~Assembly
esabli&$eaeh muniicipal
dt& eiiaior cou'rts as may
2 piemetourit shall
t zstice, wo .of whoM
ati ae - quorum. They
*eiAd by,a join~vote of
=Geueral Assembly for the tetrn
9b a eD6tina in
ei-seesors~ shall
.e elected and qua.lified. They'
thdtone of
shmaUgo out of office
jhusatice eleet
190 l 60is.ery and.
AW esJb1y,immediate
Id tion shall de
6f the, two
* a iih4 - determined the
me, it shal be t)W duty of the
Get,p 1mie.nwsion thim ad
e eOWAshall
ha~i~t ariTd?iotn ifl in
t~ee i~ ~sc& r4geo
Thi eo ~ aajy i hanv
-w f o ijetion
mauS4se*a 4 etetrgto; {abeas
o WOi- original
wrfi~as ma bi seeessary to give
it iusil seeviso~Ig control
i oar in the State
Se I&t lestWieeta'ieah year,
at v m~twen ad at
Sec. 6. No judge shaHlfresille
on.tgALJfpay, 6ase in Athe
ewegg.gf wchich be may lie inter
eith ier of tIWe par
ties ~1bo .nnbeted with hi0
by betty-de eeiiguinity, with
in e;a. may, be pre
Sa$-or in irhieb- he
sept by coasenet fal*the parties.,
In easeft atag h Judges-of
the de~1 CoWut-shali be thus
disedsiftedIf fpresidigon any
ones :ef.seil doort, or the
Judges thereof, shall certify the
SSub#y riioi 6the Sta.te,
-and . igupaditely eemmis
sion, especaWy, the reuisite mn -
h.eL b earned ii 'iAlaw, for
the tgaj1,ad dtermiation there
of. giWsaM6tisshall.be pur
ortas is ype4eribed' in this
seetion'tor caset af^le Supreme
Court.
SeedL. There shall be appoint
ed byg4gaJudgee of the Supreme
CJoutipOr'ter aind clerk of said
court, Jsb.ill VdId their offices
for two years,.sind whose duties
and co,mpensation ignl he pre
scribe4by law.
Sec. 8. Wireh a judgmnept or de
cree is reversed or affirmed by the
Supreme~Court, every point made
and disin&tly stated in writing in
the cause, and fairly arising upon
the record of the case, shall be
considered and decided; and th
-easons therefor shall be concieel
and briefly stated in writing, an
preserved with the records of th
case.
Sec. 9. The Judges of the S
preme Court and Circuit Court
8shil, at stated times, receive
compensation for their services, t
be fixed by law, which shall no
be diminished during their contir
uanee in office. They shall not b
allowed any fees or perquioites c
offle, nor shall they hold any otb
er office of trust or profit unde
this State, the United States, .o
any other power.
Sec. 10. No person shall be eli
gible to the office of Judge of th
Supreme Court or Circuit Courts
who is not at the time of his elec
tion a citizen of the United States
and has not attained the age o
thirty years, and been a residen
othis State for five years nex
preceding his election, or from th
-adoption of this Constitution.
Sec. 11...All vacancies in the Su
preme Court or other inferior tri
bunals, shall be filled by election
as' .herein .prescribed: 'Provided
That if the- unexpired term doe
not exceed one year, such vacanc
mAy be filled by executive appoint
mont All Jndges, by virtue o
theft office, shall be conservatori
of the peace throughout the State
Sec. 12. In all eases decided by
the Supreme Court, a concurrenc
of two of the Judges shall be no
cissary to a decision.
.Sec. .13. The State shall be di
vided into convenient circuits, and
foreael circuit a Judge shall b(
'elected by joint ball6t of the Gen
eral Assembly,,who sball hold.14
during his continuance in office h<
sball reside.in the circuit of whieb
he is Judge.
See. 14. Judges of the Circuil
Court shall interchange circuitQ
witIiceh other in such manner a
may be determined by law.
See. 15. The Courts of Common
Pleis shalt have exclusive jurisdic
ion in all cases of divorce, and ex
dusie' original jurisdiction in al
divil cases and actions ex delicto
which sh.all Dot be cognizable -be
fore Justices of the Peace, and ap
pellate jurisdiction in 'all suct
cases as may be provided by law
They shall have power to issu<
writs of mandanius, prohibition
sdre facias; and all other writi
which may be necessary for carry
ing their power fully into effect.
Sec.. 16. The Court of Commoi
Pleas shall .sit in each Judicial D)is
trict in this.State, at least twic'
iri every year, at such stated time:
and places asmay be appointed ba
law. It shall have jurisdiction ii
alhnmatters of equity, but the eourt
beretofore established for that pur
pose shall continue as now organ
ized until the first day of January
one thoasand eight hundred ana
sgty-nine, for the disposition o
auses now- pending therein, un
less otherwise provided by law.
See, 17. The General Assembl:
shall provide by law for~ the pre
servation of the records of th4
Courts of Equity, and also for thb
transfer to the Court of Commoi
Pleas' and Probate Courtis for fina
deision of all causes that may re
~main undetermined. It shall b
the duty of the Judges of the Su
preme and Circuit. Courts to fl
their decisions within sixty day
from the last day of the term o
court at which the causes wer
heard.
Sec. 18. Th'e 'Court of Genera
Sessions shall have exclusive jurih
diction over all criininal case
which shall not be otherwise pr<
vided for by law. It shall sit i
each County in the State at leas
three times in each year, at suc
stated times and places as - th
General Assenmbly may direct.
See: 19. The. qualified elector
ofeachi County shall elect thre
persons for the term of two yeari
who shall constitute a Board <
County C'ommissioners, whic
e I shall have jurisdiction over roads
y! highways, ferries, bridges, and iT
d all matters relating to taxes, dis
e bursements of money for Count
purposes, and in every other cas4
that may be necessary to the in
s ternal improvement and local con
a cerns of the respective Counties
D Provided, That in all cases ther
t shall be the right of appeal to the
State Courts.
D Sec. 20. A court of probatc
f shall be established in each Coun
- ty, with jurisdiction in all matterE
r testamentary and of administra
r tion, in business appertaining tc
-minors and the allotment of dow.
- er in cases of idiotey and lunacy
3 and persons non conpos mentis.
The judge of said court shall be
elected by the qualified electors ol
the respective Counties for the
term of two years.
Sec. 21. A competent number ol
justices of the peace and consta
bles shall be chosen in each Coun
ty by the qualified electors there
of, in such manner as the Germral
Assembly may direct ; they shall
hold their offices for a term of two
years and until their successors
are elected and qualified. They
shall reside in the County, city or
beat, for which they are elected,
and the justices of the peac shall
be commissioned by the Gover
nor.
Sec. 22. Justices of the Peace,
individually, or two gr mone of
them jointly, as th'e General .4s
Sembly may direct, shall have ori
ginal jurisdiction in eases of bas
tardy, and in all matters of 'con
tract, and actions for the recovety
of fines and forfeitures where the
$100, and such jurisdiction us may
be provided by law in actions ex
'-cto, where the damages claimed
do not exceed $100, and prosecu
tions for assault and battery and
other penal offences less than felo
ny punishable by fines only.
Sec. 23.. They may also sit as
examining courts, and commit,
discharge or recognize (except in
capital cases) persons charged
with offences, subject to such reg
ulations as the General Assembly
may provide ; they shall also have
power to bind -over to keep the
peace or for good. behavior. For
the foregoing purposes, they shall
have power to issue all necessary
processes.
Sec. 24. Every action cogniza
ble before Justices of the Peace,
instituted by summons or war
rant, shall be brought before some
Justice of the Peace in the County
or city where' the defendant re
sides, and in all such -causes tried
by them, the right of appeal shall
be secured under such rules and
regulations as may be provided by
law.
See. 25. The Judges of Probate.
County Commissioners, Justices
of the Peace, and Constables,
rshall receive for their .services
such compensation and fees as the
General Assembly may from time
to time by lawv direct.
-Sec. 26. Judges shall not charge
juries in r'espect to matters of fact,
Sbut may state the testimony and
declare the law.
Sec. 27. There shall be elected
- in each County, by the electors
a thereof, one clerk for the Court of
- Common Pleas, who shall hold his
& office for the term of four years,
a and until his successor shall be
~elected and qualified, lHe shall,
Sby virtue of his office, be clerk of
all other courts of record held
therein ; but the General Assem
bly may provide by law for the
s election of a clerk, with a like
-term of office,for each or any ofh
1 oer of -the' courts of record, and
t may authorize the Judge of the
a Probate Cowit to perform the dui
e ties of clerk for his court, under
such regulations. as the General
a 'Assembly may .direct. Clerks o:
e courts shall be removable for suet
s, cause, and in such manner as shal
if be prescribed by law.
ii Se 28. There shall be an At
torney-General for the State, who
shall perform such duties as may
be prescribed by law. He shall
be elected by the qualified elect
ors of the State for the term of
four years, and shall receive for
his services such compensation as
shall be fixed by law.
Sec. 29. There shall be one so
licitor for each 2ircuit, who shall
reside therein, to be elected by
the qualified electors of the cir
cuit, who shall hold his office for
Ohe. term of four years, and shall
receive for his services such com
pensation as shall be fixed by law.
In all cases where an attorney
for the State, of any circuit, fails
to attend and prosecute, according
to law, the court shall have power
to appoint an attorney pro ten
pore.
Sec.' 30. The qualified electors i
of each County shall elect a she
riff and a coroner, for the term of
four years, and until their succ.css
ors are elected and qualified; they
shall reside in their respective
Counties. during their continu
ance in office, and be, disqualified
for the office a se~cond time, if it
should appear that tby or either
of them are in default for moneys
collected by virtue of their ree
pective offices.
See. 31. All writs and process
es shall run, and all prosecution8
shall be coriducted, in the name of
the State of South. Car,.lina; all
writs shall be attested by the
clerk of the court from which
they shall be issued ; and all in
dictments shall conelude, against
the peace and 'dignity of the
State.
See. 82. The~Giiia_-=, >y
shall provide by law for the
speedy publication of the decis
ions of the Supreme Court made
under this Constitution.
The Coming Re-action.
The New York Herald predicts
the iinmediate and utter disinteg
ration of the radical party, as the
result of:the negro suffrage bill re
cently introduced into Congress.
,It argues that since the integrity
of the party was based solely on
this issue, that the individual ef'
forts of its members to trim their
sails to the popular wind. has hap
pily destroyed its spirit and its
impulse. Nothing now is left to
keep it together but the cohesive
power of public plunder. In this
view, most people will believe the
Herald to be right. The verdict
of the elections throughout the
West was so overwhelmingly
against the-establishment of negro
suffrage, that 'no radical politician
with any ambition will dare to.
risk his hopes by advocating it.
Mr. Broomall, who offered the bill,
may succeed in striking the shack
les from the South by the. identi
cal blow with which he expected
to rivet them irrevocably. This
bill declares that "all provisions
and enactments in State Consti
tutions and laws, which make dis
tinctions between blacks and
whites, as regards civil or poditi
cal rights, shall be void and of no
effect," and niay decidedly be char
acterized as-sweeping. It is
cheering to note, however, 'that
Judge Spaulding (one of the most
violent of radicals) opposed it
strenuously, and declared that
"rather than vote for it, his right
arm should fall from its socket."
Several other radical members also
gave Mr. Broomall a severe brush.
It is very evident that all are not
prepared to follow blindly the
leadership of Thad. Stevens and
Ben. Wade. Bad indeed must be
the course pursued by the radical
directory at Washington, when we
find members of it, and its press,.
losing no opportunity to place aI
personal disclaimer upon record
even while aiding in its enornities.
Butler, Chase, Stevens, andl many
others, have taken occasieri to cast
an anchor to the windward in an
ticipation of the daiy of' sweeping
retribution yet in store for them.
strikingly apparent in the press.
For the first time, perhaps, in the
history of the country, and it
speaks well both for the spirit of
the age and the dignity of the pro
fession, we find editors who, while
they sacrifice their own principles
to the party whip, and work obe
diently in party traces. yet refuse
to prostitute the columns of their
papers to the advocaicy of meas
ures they know to be unjust and
unrighteous. The editor of the
Nation, in its last issue, hitherto
the vade mecui of radicalism, thus
washes his hands like a modern
Pontiis Pilate of the sins of his
people. while contemplating the
elevation of Ben. Wade to the
Presidenev: -
"He is lamentably ignorant with
regard to the various economical
questions by which the country is
beset, and, if he has any opinions
on finance at all, they are probably
not very favorable to the main
tenance of the national credit. In
his selection of his Cabinet, he is
likely to prefer z"l-of which we
have already as much as the coun
try can stand-to discretion and
knowledge, which the country is
dying for want of. What is worse,
he will probably, with- that blind
reverence for party traditions and
practices for which men of his
stamp are generally rmnarkable,
feel that his first duty in. office is
to use the Federal patronage to
help the Republican pa'rty at the
Presidential elcetion-which is
simply another way of saying that
he will do what hec'an to increase
the coruption and debAuchery.
waste of tiw Piblic -money _anl
degradatioi- of Goerism't Ile -
cials. which have made the civil
service as great a diSgrace as ever
befell a Christian country. For
the like of it, we have -to search
the chronicles of the worst Euro
pean monarchies in the eighteenth
century."
The New Orleans. Times thinks
it high time that the people of the
North should become alarmed at
the conduct of their accredited rep
resentatives. By permitted pecu
lations and wastefulI expenditures,
they have ruined the credit of the
country ; by trampling under foot
all the laws and traditions of po
litical economy, they have in a
great measure destroyed our corn
mer-ce, and transferred what re
mamns o-f it to foreign bottonms; hy
encroaching on the. chartered
rights of the other departments ol
the Government. they have sapped
the foundations of our political in
stitutions, and completely destroy
edl that balance of' power on whbich
our republican system depends for
its solidity and perpetuity. A
House of Representatives which
has arbitrarily denied representa
tion to ten States of the Union.
though Imposing on them unjust
and iniquitous taxes, has, notwith
standing its~ incompleteness, pre
ferred letters of' imipeachmnent
against the President of' the Uni
ted States, on grounds which are
at once ridiculously flimsy and
wickedly partizan, and a Senate,
which has no pretence to being
subh a Senate as the Constitution
require~s, yet undertakes to per
form the high duties of a court of
impeachment. on ani authority pre
tended to be derived from the Con
stitution ! Blind, indeed, must
that man be who sees nothing of
usurpation and danger in all this.
Th~lough the weight of radical op
pression has thus far rested chief
ly on the Southern people, yet the
returning tide is even now begdin
ning to sweep against the breast
works of the North. destroying
the profits of' a sectional industry,
whic-h rested for protection noon
fraud and the thin bubbles of' kite
flying speculators, which they had
foolishly relied upon as substan
tial representatives of wealth.
We look for exciting times among:
the p)oliticians of the North before
the issue of the next Presidential
le.tion r,hall be given to the world.!
The bell-broth of radicalism is al
ready boiling in the cauldron. and
lizard's tongue and blind worm's
sting cannot make it so "thick and
slah" as to render it acceptable to
a people whose sober second
thought can no longer be evaded
or delayed.
Cotton ana the Yankee.
Cotton in the So- th, and the
Yankee in the North are two co
incidents we want our people to
reco(nize.
Last Fall Congress relieved the
South of taxation in the future.
So (lid that same Congress through
their best men, vow that the Milita
ry Bill, (so-called) should be the last
form of Goverment adopted to
reconstruct the broken Union. But
they told a down right lie. And
we say "lie," because things ought
to be called by their right names.
Now, farmers of Fairficl, for
the sake of ycur families, do not
be decived by the present rise in
the price of cotton. Don't, for
the sake of your families, and of
your abused, but beloved State,
don't be deceived by the mean and
contemp'ible bloodsuckers that
we are accustomed to dub as yan
kees.
We do not mean that all men
at the North are trying to cheat
the Southern people; but, that
there are thousands of Shylocks
there, who would, if they could,
cheat you out of every dollar.
. Now is the time for preparing
for the planting of a. crop.
FARMERSI willyou allow the DE
CEITFUL rse in tLe price oftotton
to lead you into a cultivation o
thnt crop,. to.. the..1xcliuon of a -
cro) )f provisions? Be not de
ceived. As sure as the sun rises,
so sure will the yankees again im
pose upon you a tax of two or
three cents a pound for all the cot.
ton you raise.
It is true that COTTON IS
MONEY. But what is money
without credit? Ifmore than the
profit ofcotton is due in New York.
or Philadelphia, or Baltimore, for
the cultivation of that'crop, what'.
the use of planting so large a pro
portion ofecotton?
Oktizens of Fairfield ? are yor
vulnerable, where your own inter
ests are con cerned ? Then lister
to, or rather read, what we hav(
to say for your benefit.
Slaves have been set free. Yo
are all debtors or creditors, (ani
perhaps both) on papers due fo
their sale. Now without any re'
gard to the ordinance of the Con
vention ignoring all obligation:
touching such contracts, go t<
work in this year, Anno Domini
M68. and raise as much grain am
foirage, fruit, hogs, cattle, vegeta
bles, and everything else EXCEP3
COTTON, as5 you can and we ar'
willing to give you a copy of our pa
per for nothing, if you do not fim(
yourselves in a better situatior;
than when you attempt to raist
all cotton.
But, farmers. you have the most
deceitful race in the world t.
deal with, when you have thai
YANKEE to control you. His pl o
mises are like piecrust. They are
made to be broken.
Will you heed ? The tax on
(otton will be again impo.sed, ii
the South persist in making it the
chief stable. Not another ye-ar
will roll over your heads before
he hldod(suckers of the North will
"cry aloud and spare nlot," for a
new and renewed t:tx on cotton.
Readersand citizens of Fairfield!
be not deceived. For the sake of
your- families, of your District, of
your cr-ed it, and of your comfort,
donot i'e deceived by the deceitful
ydnr~kee.
Let your Southern creditor see
your cor-n-house and meat-house
well-filed, arid there wll be no dani
ger ofeonstables.
Reader, Farmer, Subscriber, Citi
zen, urge, urge upon the inhabi
tants of this District, of Fairfield,
the vital importance of making.
and vegetables, to obviate the ne.
cessity of sending .anywhere- for
somuthing to eat.
Urge upon them the nedessify
of guarding against the deeifful
ness of the yankee. Telv thtm.in
the old arniliar pharse; "to 3ty at
home and 'Idrinlk out of tl.e branch.'
i e. in other words, to make them.
selves independent of those who, if
they were cannibals, wobid have
many a dinner out of them..
[Fairfield eWd.
We endorse the above, as app11
eable to Newberry.
WANT TO BE BREVET TIONRt
-The Illinois State Register prol
poses, as they have in the army
brevet Generals, brevet Colonels,
and so on, that Congressestablish
ed the office of brevet niger. In
illustration of its meaning, thb
Register says that, during the war,
tie qua'termaster's department,
instructed by the nigger-loving
authority at Washington, paid
neg-o teamsters twenty-five del,.
lars per month and rations, while
white soldiers, detailed for daty
is teamters, were only paid- six.
teen dollars and rations, An lii
nois soldier, put on duty as nnle
whacker,sent a written applica
Lion to his captiah "to be pr .
moted is nigger by brevet,, an.,,
asking that the President .ord'eg
him on duty, wfth pay in agvorr.
Jance with his rank." Tbe R&g.
,ster thinks, if the people ca"4
induced to vote the Radical tAet
next Fall, and-.thLs contintie th6t
party, it will not -e longb fre
white men will all be applying
protectionl-all want t be. brevet
iiiggers, -thatis ogand# *g16iart
iiggers in title of rarfk ind PL
though they couldn't hdpe to be
made equal in authority.
TifE STEAM Plow iN CALIFORNIA.
-Recent experim.ents in California
with the steam plough or cultiva-,
tor have been quite successful. We
quote from 'thw Alta CaliforniA
.ome details
The machine is not. a stealn
plough; it is rather a steam" gar
lener, for it dresses the soil as i0
t were spaded and finely raked.
.)bserve the ster'n propeller, of a
4hip, how it cuts the, water. and
scatter's it in fine spkEay, cirele
ifter circle, as it moyes swifdly
P.>rward. Now, conceive four of -
~hese abre:ast, attached to the rear
>f a locomnotive, and revolvinig .in
&nd cut ting the groun d into spray,
aid you haive the idea exactly~
Phe~ machine dresses twelve feet.
svide, going over one hundred feet
iminute, and it seems to be c.om
>etent to dress thirty acres a day,
.erhaps more. The trails in Mar
inez were in wet adope that had
sever been cultivated. The loco.
notive engine and carriage were.
xtemporized for the occasion, and
herefore but partially, adapted to
he purpose. The machine ga?
lener was attacheil to the 'rear.
[t worked so well that it establish
id beyond question the fact that
his new movement is exactly
Ldapted to the purpose intended,
n that kind of soil, aund it seenma
is if it should do as well in all soils
ts free from stones of any great
njze
LITTLE things sometimee8~
Tuee great results. A drop of
.vater frosted. will epoethe
nammon th rock in t wain-; a match
sill flre a whole city, and a little
mlsy-body gossip of a woman with
little tongue and no br-ain, will
ect the whole neighborhood by the
~ars.
WrOA, JANUATy.-The little.
iorsc "Whoa, January," wvhich all
ur little boys and1 girls vividly
-ermember, was recently sol at
iuetion in an -obscure town. in
E'exas. He brought S350, and
sad been levied on, together with -
:he whole traps of the Circus, for
Iebt.
The Pope blessed King Louis
)n his death hbel by telinm-ph.