Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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stroyed. I am gratified that you appointed a commission to make a thorough examination of this subject, to report at this session. The commission has been actively at work during the year securing all available information relative to the practical needs of this important subject. This report I have not yet seen, i AM v, /\ i /\ v> rci 1 1 UUL Liiai IklKZ WiililHOOlUii 1*ill j :';.vj present valuable facts and practical j recommendations for the protection andj . , v' ' development of our ' fish and oyster i interests, I trust that you will take thel j)roper steps to carry these recommendations into effect. Biennial Sessions. ' At tae general election of 1904 an j amendment to the constitution pro- j viding for biennial sessions of the general assembly was submitted to the j people, and was adopted. A commit-1 tee was appointed from both houses at your last session to report whatj amendments to the constitution and I statutes of the State will be neces- J sary and proper to provide for such i sessions. I trust you will act upon the! report of this committee, in order that| tibe amendment may become effective i gas soon as possible. * * \ f I believe that biennial sessions will j afford all the necessary legislation, j and the. people of the State have ex-j . pressed themselves in favor of the> change. In this connection I renew J my recommendation of last year that; State officers be elected for a term ofi four years, not allowing them to succeed themselves. Upon further reflection, I would not include the offices of comptroller general and State treasurer in this recommendation with reference - ^ Reelection to their respective offices, V Incendiary Firee. The recent law requhfng the comptroller genera! to investigate incendiary fires haa not proved satisfactory, and no doubt this officer will suggest necessary changes to you. Since the enactment o? this law I have, in many cases, refused- to offer rewards, believing that it wou^d be proper for me to have the required legal investigation made. Considerable expense has been incurred in conducting these investigations and , experience convinces me that this has been an /unwise expenditure. Many fires of supposed incendiary origin can easily-be traced ?.to some other cause, and in this connection I .beg to call attention to the fact that the State of New York has "a law requiring all dealers to sell nothing but safety matches. I recommend your favorable consideration 01 sucn a law, especially as safety matches sell at about the same price as the other variety. Industrial School and Reformatory. The bill to establish an industrial school and reformatory was defeated at the last session of your body because you failed to agree upon minor differences which developed during the discussion of this measure. I trust that at this session these differences may be adjusted and the school Established, for I feel that much good would be accomplished by such a reformatory. To the South Carolina Federation of Women's Clubs much credit is due \ for the active interest th?y have shown ^ in this matter. Confederate Battle Flags. During the past year I received a number of Confederate battle flags, which were returned by the war. department in accordance with an act of congress.1 These flags I requested the f i ' ' ' - if I .? "LITTLE F ? By Margaret E. Sangster. Copyrig 'I' 'I1 't'+'f'+'l Northing: stamps a home more surely as sweet and refined than entire confidence between parents and children., ^ Still, in every household matters come up which should not be discussed in the presence of juniors. This is especially true when, as sometimes happens, the older ones are talking over Questions that concern outsiders, either neighbors or friends. If, unfortunately, something comes to light about a family In the community, which that fazpily would naturally prefer to keep to itself, it is to the last degree anjff-rtri as well as unwise to make any jwusion to the subject in the hearing j&Lj*'children. Ther difference between flnffldren, so far as curiosity Is concernWSL is very marked. An inquisitive who is also secretive will linger flS^ftout, quietly observant, hanging | _ 'vmgeTly on the conversation of father V aSd mother, only half understanding -wfhat she hears, and perhaps without X . kfcovring the extent of the mischief she . makes will repeat scraps that she has #5 - kfeard, to the undoing of the parents. fr * jfo.one can be other than mortified if v / Aocfriends are told thiners that she has fsaid at home, which were never meant for the public ear. ' .The little pitcher Is - of en a little critic. One of these children said to me: "I cannot understand mother. She saw Mrs. coming down the street, and she said to Aunt Charlotte: 'There Is that old cat. I am afraid she is coming here. She always chooses the most inconvenient time, and I can't bear her anyway' I expected," went on the child ''to see her treat Mrs. very cold. but she was just as polite as she could be. She said 'Dear Mrs. , how glad I am to see you,' and a great deal more. If I tell stories, I am punished. But what can I think of mother?" What, .indeed? If you are going to be a social I.:pocrite you would better "keep your little pitchers in the nursery out of sight and hearing of your deceit. All the precept in the world will not make children truthful if they have object lessons in lying set before their eyes. - ? Not a great while ago, a beautiful golden-haired little boy, scarcely four, startled his mother by calmly uttering an oath in the middle of his play. "Why, Harry!" exclaimed the mother, in dismay: 'Where did you hear such a word? Do you not know that it is * very, very wicked to use such words as that?" "Why," said the child, with honest eyes fixed on her face, "it can't be so .0. very wrong. Father and Uncle Fred often speak in that way." I Children are creatures of imitation. The words they hear they repeat. Evil is nbt evolved from the recesses of their own hearts. It comes upon them as part of th$ stain and soil of the world in which they live. A great deal of harm is done to children when they are left in the care of irresponsible and incompetent hirelings. A another careful of every 1 breath her child draws, 4 sometimes seeks for it a nqree who is foreign- ' born, with the very |audable desire to accustom the child's tear and tongue to ' French, or German, or Italian, so that it may acquire* the other language side j j 1 J| by side with its native English. Un-j I less the mother obtains for the child I a Ttvrr*>*' who hrpufc-rnfridcd and eraffl-'' I ciently well educated to speak her own f tongue with precision, she may be do- i > ing the child a great injury. It is no advantage to infancy to learn a cor- ] rupt and barbarous patois, instead of a pure and elegan* language. If, in ad- ' i dition, the nurse oe rough and untujf tored, and without scruples of a con* ;>*'. - 6cientious order, the little pitcher will ; 'K * 3? very probably be filled to the brim with ideas and thoughts that are anything ' but clean and wholesome. The imperative cry of childhood is j for something to do. Therefore, so soon as the little one emerges from the 1 dawning mists of babyhood and beIfe. Li; ' V x . _ Wade Hampton chapter of the Daugh- j ters .of the Confederacy to take ter.v-1 porary charge of, and they have bee * j placed in their relic room in the State, j house. I would recommend that suit- j able glass cases be provided for these; flags, in order that they be most care- | fully preserved. The Jamestown Exposition. Our sister State of Virginia has taken j the initiatory steps to celebrate the es- i tablishment of the colony at James- j town, the first permanent English set- : tlement made in the Southern portion j of the United States. The fitting com- j memoration of such an event has a | special significance, not only to the; original 13 States, but to every State j in the union also. Now that Virginia j has taken offidal steps to properly eel- j ebrate this historic event, it seems j most appropriate to me that the Original 13 States should promptly take the lead in making this event all that it should be. Virginia has made a large appropriation for this purpose, and the congress of the United States, realizing the historic significance of the proposed celebration, has generously assisted. You will have the honor, at this session, of receiving envoys from the State of Virginia, who come to invoke your interest and your aid in the ceremonies attendant upon the celebration of this occasion. It is peculiarly fitting that South Carolina, of all theStates, should have a place of conspicuous honor in this event, and I know you will receive the representatives from this honored old "Mother of States" with distinguished consideration. This event will be of no ordinary importance, ajid the work already accomplished in other States and abroad gives most auspicious promise of an appropriate observance of all which it commemorates. I sincerely trust that your consideration will give to South Carolina me posmon sne aeserves m this celebration, and I recommend such an appropriation as you may deem necessary for this purpose. A State Monument at Valley Forge. Gov. Pennypacker of Pennsylvania has written me several communications relative to the erection of monuments at Valley Forge by the 13 original States. A recent letter from his excellency advises me that the avenues along the intrenchments are so far completed as to enable each one of the States to mark, with a suitable monument, the location of its troops. This is a matter concerning the history of our State and is submitted to you for such consideration as you may tttink advisable. v Conclusion. I have submitted to you such information concerning affairs of state as I have deemed necessary for your consideration. Unto you, the honored representatives of our people, belong the responsible duties of your office as law-makers for your State. From your deliberations results ^must inevitably come, and by these results you are to i be Judged. y Believing that in the discharge of these grave responsibilities you will be guided and controlled by integrity of purpose .and fidelity to your trusts in all that you do, I commend the great interests of our people unto you and awaii- the results with confidence and j wim nope. D. C. Heyward, Governor. ttchers." III ' ?? = o * ht, 1906, by Joseph B. Bowles. < T ' '* *' 'I' 9 9 ft 9 0 ?o comes an independent personage, with exactions and demands that are to be met, the kindergarten should open for it a new world. In the multiform plays and tasks of the kindergarten, with the little tables where clay may be molded and beads may be strung, and patterns pricked into paper with pins, a child steps into a fascinating realm of its own. Children who are carefully taught in a kindergarten and who are allowed plenty of time for outdoor Dlav. whc are healthfully active all day and who go to bed early at night, are not in much danger of becoming objectionable little pitchers. For the children's own sake, they should not too early have burdens laid upon them that they cannot bear. A woman who has children of her own told me that when she was a little thing of six she was in the room when her parents were somewhat exercised over the payment of a large bill. "I have absolutely nd money to meet it," declared the father. For days there after the child shuddered whenever she saw a strange man turn in at the gate, and. she was afraid that some dreadful thing w*as about to happen in her nome long alter ner light-hearted father and mother had forgotten all about their transient embarrassment. The whole business of bringing up children brisstles with difficulty. If only we could be perfect beings ourselves the undertaking would not be so arduous. But we make so many blunders, we are so ready to leave undone wha.t we ought to do, that our children have a pretty hard time in their turn. Somehow they scramble up in spite of our mistakes. Heredity has a good deal to do, with their success or failure. It Is a great thing for a child to have had worthy grandparents. Training tells, too, but only as we train ourselves do we ever succeed in training our successors aright. Little Lilly, and Josephine may be told all day long that makes no difference how they look if only they behave well, but if mamma be vain and inconsiderate they will probably copy her rather than obey her precepts. Jack and Horace will not have finer ideals of honor than their jLttmer. j. nave neara ;ne iatner 01 live sons, between the ages of four and 14, relate with positive glee a story of gains that he had made through overreaching another in a business transaction. The little pitchers had big ears. They drank in the shameful tale. It would be too much to expect that later on they should go forth into life with a nonble standard and a high ideal of integrity. "I don't care what sort of men my boys make, so long as they learn to make money and keep it," said another father in the hearing of his sons. Not one of those boys turned out even de-^ cently, when he arrived at manhood. To make money and to keep it, is too low an ideal to be set before a growing youth. Look out for the little pitchers. It is worth while. The Holiday Races. Wallace Irwin in New York Globe. The kid comes home from college To spend the holidays; The Congressman gits lazy A week or so, and plays; The sport goes to the countryHe needs the change, I.guess; But Me and You and Mike don't git J- ? ?~ ? ? uu uouuay tecess. rhe ^onViTor pits anxious To sec his native State (It's jest like find in' money To use his mileage rate). He needs a recreation, He says, and I confess rhat Me and You and Mike could nee a holiday recess. ['m full of Merry Christmas, But one thing seems all-fired? rhe guy that's always restin' Is always gittln' tired; But let the Boss jest ketch Us A-eatin' up?I guess We'd git a longer lay-off than a holiday recess! 1 COTTON MILLS BY WILLIAM WHITTAM, | Written ! A table showing: the, cotton industry 1 of the world is submitted herewith. < Even those who are engaged in the industry seldom realize its gigantic j size. The recent organization of an as- 1 sociation of cotton growers in this i * ' 1 ? r\-p m io. 5 country Has originated a 11UA VJL UilQ- | j leading statements of different sorts < as to the manufacturing1 branch of the Table The World'? Cotton Mill? According t Country v Mills. Spindl Great Britain. 1905 2,007 50,964 United States, North. .1900 573 14,81( United States, South. .1905 659 8.05C Russia 1904 227 6,654 Poland 1905 56 1,26? Germany 1905 379 8,831 France ..1903 420 6.15C Austria 1905 130 3,2 SC Hungary ..1S05 3 10? Switzerland 1905 \68 1,713 Italy 1903 500 2.435 Spain 1906 257 2,614 Portugal 1899 15 16( Sweden 1905 35 371 Norway 1SQ5 9 81 Denmark .. ..1905 3 61 Holland .. ..1905 23 37f Belgium w ..1905 43 1,221 Roumania ; . .lfc^ 4( Turkey j ..1905 5 8( Greece i/..l??5 97( A^ia Minor ..1905 >. 4 6( India J ..19)04- 191 5,ll< China u ..1904 15 62( Japan i ..1901 1,831 Brazil .. .; ..1904 142 45( Canda ..1902 22 771 Mexico ..1903 114 62? Total 5,964 119,121 It will be quite safe to put the total spindles operated in the factories of the world at 120,000,000 since there are cotton mills in Chili and Peru, as well as at least one establishment in Australia, not account^ in the above table. 1 Spindles and Consumption 1893-94. Taking figures not quite so recent j as a starting point but covering a j period of ten years and grouping the | mills Into geographical grand divisions ^ A It is found that in lpya-yi ureai Dmaui had 45,190,000 spindles, which consumed 35.99 pounds of cotton per spindle per annum. Continental Europe at the same period operav.ed 27,350,,000 spindles which used' 70.34 pounds of 'raw material each for the year. British! India with 3,576,000 spindles spun 155)71 pounds of cotton per spindle during the like period, while in the same Reason the United States had in her factories 15,700,000 spindles, each of which spun the equivalent of 72.82 pounds of cotton during the 12 months. Spindles and Consumption Ten Years LaterThe drift of the consumptive power of these same grand ^divisions as well as the growth in the, number of spindles operated ten yea^s later gives an idea of the rapidly growing importance [ of the industry in w^hich our readers are so greatly interested. In 1902-03 the record stood: V Table ! Cotton used per spindle Spiridles per annum Great Britain .. ..47,000,000 33.88 lbs. Con. Europe .. ..34,300,000 75.04 lbs. British India .. .. 5,007,000 134.29 lbs. Unitpd States .. ..22,000,000 88.41 lbs. The average cotton consumption per spindle per annum for the decade is no less interesting. It js as follows: / Table II k Ten years average c )tton consumption per spindle per annum 1893-94 to 1902-03: Great Britain : .. 30.19 lbs.' Continental Europe 71.89 lbs. British India 132.07 lbs. United States 84.25 lbs. ..... I These statistics Bnow moi ?.. ayiuners of Great Britain are g-adually lessening their per spi ndle consumption/' the inference beir ig" that they are devoting themselves more and more to the finer counts of yarns and lighter weight cloths. On the contrary the mills of the continent have enlarged their cotton requireme nts per unit while India has remaifH ;d almost stationary with a slight tendency, how-! ever, in the direction of |a greater out- j put per spindle, which l is no doubt i traceable to the increase*} efficiency of j machinery during the deciade. In this country is the post marked i growth in per spindle con: sumption ob- ! servable. The increase in :he ten years ; being 15.59 pounds. This is probably; due to two causes. First, as in India.! higher spindle speeds, bu second and | most important, the rapid development! of the industry in the Sou Ji during the period under review. So ;thern mills being coarser than those ' New "England use much more cott 'n per spindle. During last season 1904-05) this was strikingly illustrated - 'hen 9,000,000 -- *1-- c? oHcrlnt_ or so spuiuies ui mtJ ouuu*"of ^ns" ly more bales than the lSOOO.OOO spindles of the rest of the country. England has recently stePted a number of large new spinning!mills which j together with those now* mder construction in that country \Ptl bring her total new spindles to Pcghtly over 5,000,000. On the basis he British average these factories T^Potfse 338,800 bales of cotton a year. ^Riinwill take between 800,000 and dO^Kra acres of land to keep them sup/^Hei'counting an average yield of 200 ^Pt to the acre. ^Brr Other Deductions FroiHL Able I. The comparisons just B^n cannot fail to have more than f^Lassing interest, especially at thisWlime when everybody seems to be making more or less sensible guesses at thel size of the. American cotton crop now fceing gathered. Tndukrine at the salne time in wilder estimates of the vlorld's normal consumption and whi it may be termed the "invisible supp y" in factory warehouses. An ap] )roximately accurate exhibit, of what ha 3 been used in the near past will tend t o clear the situation and furnish a bas] s on which judgment not altogether bs sed on inaccuracies and casual gc ssip, promulgated as facts, may be < istablished. i Referring to table I, and- :aking 1,000 spindles and standard ba: >3 of 500 pounds each as units to av< [t a multiplicity of figures, it is fou; i that the 118,203,746 spindles fpr whicl 'figures of consumption are available used 148 bales per annum to each thousand spindles, showing total taki igs of 17,511,241 bales. Taking this as a fair average of the 923,400 spi idles, for which details of cotton con sumed are not supplied, would indlcat - an additional 136,604 bales, making the grand total requirements of the n ills of the world 17,647,845 bales. A < areful inspection of the average incrJ ase in the use of cotton extending ov er several TO PPnsRDtlTE HA? PY. Baltimore American. H A few weeks ago two merBbers of a theatrical company were shoB and kill-j 1? - i?. * ~ 11. ?s n CU uy ct ilutein.crcpci ctt ucuih^*' r ?- ?? while resenting annoyance tfl feminine members of the company. TIPir assailant has been held for murdand the Actors' society of New I'ork has started a fund to assist in B*is prosecution. The society gave H$250 and James K. Hackett doubled tlBe amount, while other actors are comiw forward with contributions, as the n?mbers of the profession are determ'Med their comrades shall be avenged^ special 1 AND TRADE OF JR., EDITOR AMERICAN CC "cr The American Cotton Manu! trade. Most of the daily papers have opened their columns without stint to the officers of the former body and while these writers are most estimable gentlemen, it is regrettable that their information on the subject of the world's cotton mills is not more profound. The tabulated showing marked "Table I" gives some interesting figures: I. o the Latest Known Estimates. Con'sp't. Hands es. Looms. bales. empl'd. r,874 704,357 3,640,000 550,000 164 340,862 2,167,700 197,137 i,879 174,324 2,203,406 120,000 >,577 154,577 1,177,000 350,000 1,547 12,000 3,350,000 35,000 5,016 211,818 1,761,369 350,000 >,000 106,000 840,000 90,000 >,330 110,000 650,000 100,000 1,400 ;,300 17,385 100,000 19,000 i,000 110,000 560,000 130,000 1,500 68,289 330,000 >,000 5,000 10,000 80,000 r,832 2,293 12,000 2,635 >,000 18,000 5,234 20,100 67,000 17,000 5,138 24,000 160,000 15,700 >,000 < ),000 23,000 >,000 2,100 13,000 ),000 18,000 >,121 45,337 1,744,766 184,779 >,000 2,200 5,600 900,000 68,261 ),000 23,000 250,000 20,000 J,538 18,267 99,000 10,000 5,096 . 20,287 140,000 26,609 M46 2,177,016 17,511,241 2,283,121 years has given -400,000 bales as the norma.! annual increase in the demand. Considering the figures Just deduced as applicable to this season's growth they indicate that one year with another the several manufacturing counties, together with mills built in lands previously without cotton manufacturing plants, add to the number of their actual spindles no less than 2,700,000 yearly. Accounting for this steady and considerable enlargement of the use of cotton one would naturally infer that it was altogether attributable to the constantly growing number of the inhabitants of the earth and to the gradual bringing under the influences of civilization of previously barbarous and unclad peoples. While this is to some extent true there are other causes not less important. The chief of these being a recognition by the mass of consumers of the intrinsic value of the staple, together with new uses which are being discovered almost dally to which cotton can be profitably applied. The World's Cotton Crop. Americans are more than prone to neglect' the probable yield of other countries when collecting data on which to found the future value of our own staple. This is not altogether a wise course- to pursue when we remember that altogether we are by far the largest growers of the staple though other countries produce no inconsiderable quantities. To illustrate, last season (1904 05) when the American crop was a record breaking one, the four leading cotton growing areas produced in round figures: Table IV. United States 13,557,000 bales India.. . 3,917,000 bales Egypt 829,000 bales Brazil, Asiatic Russia.. 2,866,000 bales Total 21,169,000 bales These figures of the commercial crops of the world show our preponfdering influence as growers. They also correct an all too common error. Many writers and public speakers are not altogether exact when dealing with this subject. It has grown to be an almost settled belief, difficult to change with most people, that the South produces from 70 to 80 per cent, of the total commercial crop. From table IV, it is plain that even during our record year we only raised 64 per cent, of the commercial cotton supply of last season. New Source of Cotton Supply. Cotton is grown in relatively small quantities in many countries seldom heard of as producers of the staple. Table V gives a compilation of these and their estimated output for the last thrpp cPAsnns. Th#> slow but steady increase in yield from year to year is significant. What the ultimate outcome of the large sums now being spent by European cotton growing asI sociations will be It would be wild indeed to predict. It is none the less true that the high ^prices now ruling have added to the zeal Of the managers oi : these several movements. Table V. New source of cotton supply?ir thousands of bales: Country 1904-05 1903-04 1902-01 Japan 120 120 12( I Korea, etc 400 4 00 40( Indo China .... ? 12 -r China 1,200 1,200 1,20( Siam ? ? Java ? ? i Straits Setlmts ? ? ] Asiatic Russia, rn?* *? ocn aos: 9c/ 'JLurK.esio.il.. .. ovv Persia 125 30 2 Asia Minor.. .. 90 80 8 Turkey 5 5 Cyprus.. .. .. .. 1 , 1 Greece 10 10 Malta ? ? Italy ? ? Algeria ? ? Africa, Central. 3 1 ? Africa, East.. ..1 1 Africa, West... '7 1 ? Australasia ? ? J New Zealand.. ? ? ? Pacific Islands.. ? ? j Tahiti ? ? < Fiji - French Oceania. ? ? : Peru 125 37 3: Chili ? ? : Argentina 5 5 ? Venezuela ? ? ? Colombia 2 4 ] Brit W. Indies. ,7 3 . ] Hayti 7 7 1 Mexico 60 80 12< Total estimated 2513.15 2396.6 2271.: As the amount of cotton enlarges tc the considerable extent already shown it. is gratifying to find morf and more of our American cror used in our own mills yeai by year. It is also pleasing tc note that we have increased our spindelage hiore rapidly than any othei country. Neglecting the recent English mill building mania, which is now over but the consequences not by anj *XT- VAO rt 'means done wim. j?ux 1*10.110I the number of British spindles remain1 ed practically stationary, until th< committee of men nnd women, wift William Courtleigh as the chairman has been appointed to Iook after tht matter, and it is probable that a Ne^ York lawyer will be engaged to helj the local prosecuting attorney with th( case. ? A Bad Start, Mr. Orr. Springfield Republican. * Alexander E. Orr, while hlmsel; taking the presidency of the New Yorl Life company at a reduction of one-hall from the McCall salary of $100,000, ex presses the belief that all of the othei officials of the company are earninj what is paid them. This applies, fo; ' THE WORLD: j >TTON MANUFACTURER. | facturcr. I great revival in trade during the Russo-Japanese war. The enormous growth in Oriental takings kited prices to such a degree that the professional promoter, with the aid of architects, engineers, contractors and machinery builders found his golden opportunity, and pushed so many projects that 5,AAA AAA ? __J?. ,qi .,.111 VA TOAT>lr?Acr uuu,uuu new syixiuics win uc duiaiiiq before the end of this year. The frenzy has now spent Itself. Being brought to its end by the alarm and protests of those Lancashire manufacturers who could clearly foresee the disastrous times which must inevitably have followed a continuance of this reckless policy. It is true that American cotton manufacturing centres have witnessed lesser but somewhat similar happenings. Such practices are-today virtually all behind us. Our new mills are capitalized and organized on true business principles. It is no longer possible to catch the firms who equip our factories with an "order" to be largely paid for by shares in the new concern. And this augurs well for the stability of the, trade. To appreciate fully what mill building coupled with enlarged markets to take care of their production means to our national prosperity, it is only necessary to keep in mind that every comparatively small mm or jlu.uw spindles making- 20s yarns (about the average of Southern mills) required the product of 6,000 acres actually planted in cotton. And if we add to this area the lands planted in cereals and food for cattle we get at least an acre to a spindle of formerly waste lands brought under cultivation. A project to have spinners grow their own cotton has, in late years, been very ably presented by several leading manufacturers. In considering this plan it will be well to remember that an acre a spindle will be needed, and this involves an investment larger than that in the mill itself. Number of Operatives Employed. Again turning to table 1 it is found that 84,047,246 spindles employ 2,283,121 worlds, equivalent to 27.1 persons to each^jiousarid spindles. On this basis supplying the deficiencies in the table we get for the 120,000,000 spindles in ! tv>p world 3.252.000 operatives employed in working them. 'Delving deeper into this question of operatives employed uncovers some curious comparisons. Strating from the world average of 27.1 workers to each ! thousand spindles, one finds that there is a discrepancy so great between one country and another as to be almost incredible at the first glance. For instance: The figures for the chief manufacturing countries as arranged in table 6 show: Table VI. Operatives Per M. Epls. Great Britain 10.8 United States 13.8 France 15.0 India 36.1 1 Germany 38.8 Russia 39.6 Japan 58.7 To take the foregoing averages without explanation would be strongly misleading. We know on general principles, for illustration, that the German workman is .superior in efficiency to the laborer in the Indian mills. Yet the average for the former country is greater than for the latter, this is accounted for by the fact that Indian mills are mostly spinning plants only, most of them having no looms at all, much of the yarns they spin being sold at retail to be used on the domestic hand loom, while the bulk of the remainder is shipped to China to be used in the same way. ^ 1 On the other hand, Germany imports millions of pounds of yarn annually : which forms the raw material for her numerous knitting, lace and embroidery factories. The workers in these 1 mills being counted in the total number of operatives employed in the cotton industry and figured against her spindles. The/United States furnishes the best illustration of a self-contained indus, try. Most of our mills weave their own yarns and such as spin for the market I sell their output to home, manufac, turers to be woven or knit into finished . fabrics and garments. England, on the contrary, spins !^much more yarn than she uses up in . her weaving and knitting establish> ments. It is the exception rather than the rule for* a Lancashire spinner to ; weave his own yarns. This is clearly shown by an examination of the exporr statistics of the two nations. American i foreign sales of yarn are considerably under $500,000 a year In value, while 5 Britain exports approximately $50,000,) 000 worth of cotton yarn annually. ) Operatives in the South. i /; Many absurd statements appear ) sporadically as to the number of work ers in the Southern textile mills. To > clear the sometimes purposely mudL died statistical waters, exact figures a-e needed. ) The 1900 .United States census, which } is after all the most reliable source of ) information, gives 297,929 operatives 5 employed In cotton manufacturing esL tablishment of every kind In the Uni1 ted States. Of this number, 97,494 were 1 working In Southern mills?equivalent - to 22 operatives per thousand spindles, 2 24,438, or 25 per cent, of them, being - under 16 years of age. Bringing the census figures up to - date discloses the fact that 2,134,354 2 j spindles have been added to the num ber since 1900. On the sanr^e basis of L | 22 employes per thousand spindles and 2 25 per cent, young persons, we gejt - 46,908 additional workers, of which the LI same percentage of children gives 11,2 727 children, making the total numf i ber of hands in Southern cotton mills | at the end of 1905 come to 144,405 of -1 all ages, and 36,165 to be classed as L | under 16. L ; Exports of Leading? Countries. IJ Exports of cotton goods for the year i just ended are not yet available, but -1 during the previous 12 months ending I December 31st, 1904, the record shows ) that Great Britain exported 5,591,972,000 , yards and the United States ^34,989,000 ) yards. Figures for Germany and ) France are given in kilograms and the former country sent abroad 4S,754,800 ) I kilos and the latter 36,391,900 kilos dur ing the year. These figures demonstrate in a mosl i forcible way the great opportunity , which lies before this country in the r direction of increasing our spinning 3 and weaving capacity. Selling our en larged product in the markets of the i world's non-manufacturing countries, i 11 examnT?. to Vfcp President Kiugsley , j at $30,000, Treasurer Cromwell at $30,? j 000, and Secretary John C. McCall, a r young man recently out of college, at > $14,000. Does Mr. Orr know of any othei 5 business of profit or trust which pays i such salaries to subordinate officials^ But why should they anyhow obtain in a business that is not productive and has the peculiarity that the more any official seems to prove his worth the C more unprofitable he is likely to be tc t the policyholders? Mr. Orr may be emf inently fit for his new position, but this - remark of his does not demonstrate it, r It is Just as well for the company apF parently that the chioce is a temporary r one. A1 TA P Second Lo< Mill En Friday, Jar The grandest display of bought goods ever known in 1 knows what wonderful sacrific are made in Lockhart's Will I BE ON HAND JANUAR" our advertisements in The Sta The James 1 1642-1646 Main Street, I;; JOLTS FROM I His Greatest Fight the One < Five Rounds of Territ II By the V By John L. In my last letter I promised to tell a of the fight with Jake Kilraia at Rich- h burg, Miss., in July 1889, which was my | longest and greatest battle. Jake de- ? serves all the bouquets that came to f him for his grit in that smash swap, ? for although he did not fight the stand- b up battle I expected, he showed that s he was game from his heels to his head. He gave me a terrible fight, all ? right. : n When we got the word to open up, ii we swung together like a couple of s healthy bulls. He landed a quick left toward me, but I knocked up his arm with my left and countered lightly un- c der Jake's heart with my right as he r danced away. I rushed him, hitting f with my left and before I knew how it c" happened, Jake back-heeled me clever- o ly. i The back-heel is something you don't I see in the ring today. It is delivered f by catching a man as he comes in, c putting your left arm around his body, c your right forearm across his throat r and your right heel behind his left c foot. Then, with a quick heave you can throw him over and down on his i back. I went down for the first fall 1 of the fight and the crowd roared for t Jake. As I jumped up and went to c my corner, I said to Kilrain: "So you want to wrestle, do you? 1 Well, I will give you enough of that." ? I got to his body in the next round < with a couple of rights, while he pasted i me with a nasty left under the eye 3 right off the reel as the round opened, i Seeing my chance I grabbed him ? around the body and put him down on the turf with a thud that nearly ? shook the wind out of him. As we I went to our corners the cheers were ? all for me. > ^ i In the third round I nearly ended the i fight, but if I had it would have saved t Jake a lot of time and trouble, but i his gameness pushed him along for all i that was coming to him. ? Forty Rounds of Avrful Punishment. 1 It happened this way in the third: f We sparred around for awhile, me anx- i ious to get my paws on him, he trying 1 to keep me off, for by this time he knew ] I had him when it came to a wrestle. He made several correct plays for my j face, landing a few times, when I slip- 1 ped out a lead. Jake drew back, think- t ing I was going to grapple him. In- f stead, I brought my right over his , guard and landed full on his. jaw. j Jake went down like a clothes pole \ and rolled over, kicking. His seconds j < grabbed him and lugged him to his cor- j ( ner and began to get him in shape for ( the next quadrille, while the crowd j ( yelled "Sullivan! Sullivan!" loud \ enough to tip off the militia as to i where we were. My memory is not good enough to tell i how the whole fight went by rounds, < 1 1 ? ?T Vk l-l ^ TT'Vi 1 /%V> ana a scrap dook which j. hwh ?uiv,n ^ ( contained an account of all my fights j ] was lost in a fire some years ago, so j I will have to skip some of it and touch : < only the main points. It was a hard, i wearing fight. Sometimes Kilrain < back-heeled or cross-buttocked me for a fall, but round after round closed 1 with Jack going down from a blow ] i or a throw. His face was badly cut ] and his body welted and bruised from < my blows, while my nose and left eye I < were swollen by the time the twenty-! < i fifth round was reached. j j I had been playing for Kilrain's j t heart, and every time he led with his i f ' left I tried my hardest to land on i < that same spot again, under the heart. {j Constant pounding on any one spot | ] is the most wearing form of attack, and j Jake's flesh around the heart, for a! j > space about six inches square, was | s t cut and bruised by the time the' ] thirtieth round was reached. ! I had taken many a heard punch and some tough falls during the battle , and before the fortieth round Jack : i began to land on my stomach. My seconds had given me tea with whiskey in it as a strengthener, and there was ] [ too much whiskey, so that by the fortieth round my stomach was upset and 1 i I was vomiting after I had gone back j to my corner and Kilrain wanted to call it a draw. John L. "Wouldn't Call It a Draw. ; _ "I'll give you all the draw you want," ' ; j X yelled at mm, ana tne iigm. wcm uw. ii In a round or two, I came back 11 strong and began to go after Jake-hard. 1 i He got so he would drop as soon as my 11 hand landed on him, and of course ! that would close the round. This ) went on for a dozen rounds or so and . I was still landing on that spot unde^ the heart. Pretty soon the flesh and : skin were pounded loose from his ribs ; ' and a bunch of it was hanging like a ; big tumor. ; I have said that Kilrain was game, . and he certainly proved it in that fight. i Although beaten to a pulp, he came ' , back, round after round, for more. He oouldn't hit hard enough to hurt me any more, but every time be got the , call he came out of his corner, either to be knocked down or thrown, and carried back. * All the latter part of the fight the ; betting had been coming my way and at this time nobody would bet a nickle J on Kilrain. He was sure a beaten man and those who had been cheering! for 1 I him in the early part of the fight,had 1 shot their bolts and were silently ' watching their gallant fighter coming '' to his last round. | The end came in the 75th ronnd. Jake came cut of his corner, gamo as > a bantam, badly punished, his \legs . wobbling under him, face crushed (and cut, his body leaning over to protect ' that place on his left side where. I'd been hammering so long. I rushed 'him, ? 1 ) * ?> am r *4 :Khart Big' Jl ^ _ l. 19, 1906 Mill Ends and especially the Carolinas. Everybody es, what ridiculous prices Ind Sales. 719th (FRIDAY). Watch te. L. TappCo. COLUMBIA, S. C. [ "JOHN L." H i with Kilrain?Seventy- <; >le Work Described, 3; ictor. 3! Sullivan. \ \ ' . B 1 nd smashed, him on the jaw, knocking im against the ropes practically ' enseless. I was ready to smash him gain when something white was hrown from his corner, falling at my eet. Charley Mitchell had thrown a * owel as a signal that Kilrain was eaten and that I had won the long and ,ard battle. Poor Kilrain was a sorry ight in his hour of defeat, but he had ost with honor in one of the greatest ing contests in the history of the prise ing, and even those who had lost nost heavily by his defeat were sat- ^ sfied that he had tried his best to \ * ave their money. v After the Battle a Race for Liberty. ' The next thing I knew Mudloon and bleary had surrounded me and gave ne a hustle out of the ring, while Ighting off the cro.vd that had broken lown the ropes and were fighting to ret a chance to shake hands with me. ^ . never heard such roaring as I was >ushed into a wagon and a rush made or the train. 1 As we got aboard tho .. :ars, another train came choo-chooing iown the track and the holler was nade that the Mississippi militia was >n it and would arrest the lot of us. I don't know to this dayfiow I did t, but when the alarm about the miitia was raised, I dived head firsthrough the window of an ordinary :oach and ran like a rabbit several mndred yards to a swamp, where I lid until the alarm was declared to D6 i false one. I got out of" the State )f Mississippi all right only to be ar ested and brought back. It cost me 118,000 to keep from going to the pen- ' tentiary, but financially I came out iway ahead on the fight at that. All the foregoing is ancient history md some of it does not look pretty on japer, but it is worth reading, so the sports who have forgotten what they . , lse to go through with can size it aAl ip against the la-de-dah work done In ;he ring today. Fighting was a man's vork tjhen, and a fighter went into the ing expecting to come out of it on a stretcher if he didn't put the other felow into the doctors' hands. Now ights mostly go to the fellow who can un the longest, and the bellows count 'or more than the wallop. * It Was Plain Fighting Without Frills. The grooming of a fighter nowadays . nakes some of us old fellows laugh. fVe used to fight our own battles. Now :hey are mapped out by experienced ** :rainers who go about it as a general vould plan a battle. We didn't do any -ag-chewing about weight. The main :hing was to get to fighting. There vere no limited contests, so that a man ;ould figure closely on his method of carrying the battle or win on the slen * 1 "* 3 - T4- *tto ? rr\y c ler inreaa oi puun?. At ?va,o ugui, 'rom gong to gong, and until one man tvas down and out. It is mighty seldom that I had a man vith a bottle of smelling salts, a lot >f towel wavers, oranges, lemons, :hunks of ice to rub on the neck and oack and the other stage props, used n the ring today. Some of my greatest fights were under conditions that would make some of the fancy boxers shudder. Had Fitz not used himself up in training for O'Brien, he mignt not lave had to stop to repair his belows. None of the men on the mat ef my day wrestled with cows, jumped >ver mountains, held exhibitions at a quarter per head admission to let the reubens all know we were using our- , 3elves up training, but we managed to jet into the ring in pretty good condition. It was the man with the clout and the sand and the skill that usually won. I have been against a lot of good men In my day, and I've been against an awful lot of dubs, but I always had to look out for the fighter and not the fancy boxer. It was owing to a combination of the two and my own fauit of not taking care ot myself that I'. lost the championship. o Free Cuba's Triumph. New York Sun. Cuba has justified our prediction that she would rise to the situation and grapple successfully with the epidemic with which she was threatened. While there remains a possibility of its sporadic reappearance, all danger of the spread of yellow fever now seems to have disappeared. Despatches from Habana report that the sanity authorities regard the disease as extinct in that city. The health officers of the island acted with commendable promptness and efficiency. During the years that have passed since the last epidemic there has been a large increase in the nonimmune population. A record of only 69 cases and 23 deaths since the first appearance of the disease three months * ago is most creditable to those charg- v ed with the control and suppression of the disorder. In a comparison with the New Orleans experience Cuba comes out a long way ahead. x ' .1 The importance of Cuba's record thfs year stands out more clearly when fiHH comparison is made with the situation of ten years ago. During the^ period 1S90-1S99 the recorded nuinJ^r of ^H| deaths from yellow fever was 4.TJ., or 19H an annual average of 4S3. in lSt)6 the deaths numbered 1.282. Only five years ago. during the second year ofV the American occupation, the number Was 310. Cuba has done well. Yon Mlcht Try Mice, Mr. Barnes. ^Hj^H Norfolk Landmark. We suggest that instead of dragging obstreperous women callers from the White House, as in the case of Mrs. Morris last Thursday, a few mice be kept under leash by the attendants. AH