The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, December 18, 1895, Image 8
% ft
public schools for all children between
the ages of six and 21 years, and for the
division of the counties into suitable
school districts, as compact in form as
practicable, having regard to natural
boundaries, and not to exceed 49 nor
be less than 9 square miles in area:
Provided, that in cities of 10,000 inhabitants
and over, this limitation of
area shall not apply: Provided, further,
that when any school district laid
out under this section shall embrace
cities or towns already organized into
special school districts in which graded
school buildings have been erected by
the issue of bonds, or by special taxation,
or by donation, all the territory
included in said school district shall
bear its just proportion of any tax that
may be lev'ed to liquidate such bonds
or support the public schools therein:
Provided, further, that nothing in this
article contained shall be construed as
a repeal of the laws under which the
several graded school districts of this
State are organized. The present division
of the couities into school districts
and the provisions of law now governing
the same shall remain until changed
by the general assembly.
Sec. 6. The existing boards of commissioners
of the several counties, or
such officer or officers as may hereafter
be vested with the same or similar
powers and duties, shall ievy an annual
tax of three mills on the dollar
, upon all the taxable property in their
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CO|/CVUIU vv/uuuvc, ?w?
collected at the same time and by the
same officers as the other taxes for the
same year, and shall be held in the!
county treasury of the respective J
counties; and the said fund shall be {
apportioned among the school districts
of the county in proportion to the
number of pupils enrolled in the
public schools of the respective districts,
and the officer or officers
charged by law with making said appointment
shall notify the trustees of
the respective school districts thereof,
who shall expend and disburse the
same as the general assembly may prescribe.
The general assembly shall
define "enrollment/' Not less than
three trustees for each school district
shall be selected from the qualified
voters and taxpayers therein, in such
- manner and for such terms as the geno^amlilr
mor i?oformiT??> PTOPnt
gift i UAMJ v?vvv* WAux/f
In cases of special school districts now
existing, where the provisions of law
now governing the same shall remain
until changed by the general assembly:
Provided, The manner of the selection
of said trustees need not be uniform
throughout the State. There
shall be assessed on all taxable polls in
the State between the ages of 21 and
oO years (excepting Confederate sol- i
diers above the age of 50 years,) an
annual tax of SI on each poll, the proceeds
of which tax shall be expended
for school purposes in the several
school districts in which it is collected.
Whenever during the next three ensuing
years the tax levied by the said '
county boards of commissioners or '
similar officers and the poll tax shall
tt* **1/1 o n o tv* an n f onnol 4-rv
J-lUK J 'tlU W
$3 per capita of the number of children
enrolled in the public schools of
each county for the scholastic year
ending the 31st day of October, in the 1
year 1S95, as it appears in the report
of the state superintendent of ednca- 1
tion for said scholastic yevr, the comp- \
fcroller general shall, for the aforesaid ;
three next ensuing fiscal years, on the i
Urst day of each of said years levy ?
such an annual tax on the taxable
property of the State as he may de- :
termine to be necessary to make up 1
such deficiency, to be collected as 1
other State taxes, and apportion the :
same among the counties of the State '
in proportion to the respective deftci- 1
encies therein. The sum so apportioned
shall ?>e paid by the state treas- '
urer to the county treasurers of the
respective counties, in proportion to 1
the respective deficiencies therein, on
the w arrant of the comptroller general,
and shall be apportioned among: the 1
school districts of the counties and :
disbursed as other school funds: and |
from and after the 31st day of Decern- ,
ber, in the year 1898, the general as- ;
sembly shall cause to be levied annu- !
ally on all the taxable property of the "
State such a tax, in addition to the
said tax levied by the said county
boards of commissioners or similar
officers, and poll tax above provided. :
as may be necessary to keep the 1
schools open throughout the State for :
such a length of time in each scholastic '
year as the general assembly may prescribe:
and said tax shall be appor
tioued among the counties in propor- *
tion to the deficiencies thereiu and disVmitrhiI
,1 r cithor (KpVwinl flirtfe ]
Any school district may by the an- | 1
thorny of tfif general assembly levy an I ;
;> 'HJj.iuhI tax for the support of its M
SCilOt'ls.
bee. 7. Separate schools shall be <
provided for children of the white and :(
colored races, and no child of either j1
race shall ever be permitted to attend j1
a school provided for children of the J
other race. .
Sec. 8. The general assembly may I]
provide for the maintenance of Clem |'
.son Agricultural college, the Universitv ' 1
. . * I J
of South Carolina, and the Winthrop j
Normal and Industrial college, aj
branch thereof, as now established by j
law, and may create scholarships |
therein; the proceeds realized from the j
land scrip given by the act of congress j ^
passed the second day of July, 18152, |'
for the support of an agricultural col- j(
lege, and any lends or funds which j1
have heretofore been or may hereafter j *
be given or appropriated for educa
tior.a! purposes by the congress of the
United St-ites, shall be applied as
directed iu the acts appropriating the |
same: Provided, That the general assembly
shall, as soon as practicable,
wholly separate Clafiin college from
Clailin university, aud provide for a j
separate corns of professors and in- i
structors therein, represent itiou to be !
given to men and women of the negro .
race: and itishall be the Colored Nor- jJ
mal, Industrial, Agricultural and Mechanical
college of this State.
Sec. 9. The property or credit .of
the State of South Carolina, or of any
county, city, town, township, school
district, or other subdivision of the
said State, or any public money, from
whatever source derived, shall not, by
gift, donation, loan, contract, appropriation,
or otherwise, be used, directly
or indirectly, in aid or maintenance of
any college, school, hospital orphan
house, or other institution, society or
organization of whatever kind, which
is ?rhnlv or in Dart under the direction
**"* * *xx*e/ v" X"
or control of any church or of any
religious or sectarian denomination,
society or organization.
Sec. 10. All gilts of every kind for
educational purposes, if accepted bv
the general asaembly, shall be applied
and used tor the purposes designated
by the giver, unless the same be in
conflict -with the provisions of this
Constitution.
Sec. 11. All gifts to the State where
the purpose is not designated, all escheated
property, the net assets or
funds of all estates or copartnerships
in the hands of the courts of the State
where there have been no claimants
for the same within the last 70 years,
and other money cominginto tketreasury
of the State by reason of the 12th
section of an act entitled "An act to
provide a mode of distribution of the
moneys as direct tax from the citizens
of this State by the United States in
trust to the State of South Carolina,"
approved the 24th day of December,
1891, together with such other means
as the general assembly may provide,
shall be securely invested as the State
school fund, and the annual income
thereof shall be apportioned by the
general assembly for the purpose of
? ? AH. tt: 1
maintaining iuc puunu buuuujo.
Sec. 12. All the net income to be
derived by the Stale from the sale or
license for the sale of spirituous, malt,
vinous and intoxicating liquors and
beverages, not including so much
thereof as is now or may hereafter be
allowed by law to go to the counties
and municipal corporations of the
State, shall be applied annually in aid
of the supplementary taxes provided
for in the sixth section of this article;
and if after said application there
should be a surplus, it shall be devoted
to public school purposes, and
apportoined as the general assembly
may determine: Provided, however,
That the said supplementary taxes
shall only be levied when the net income
aforesaid from the sale or license
for the sale of alcoholic liquors or
beverages is not sufficient to meet and
equalize the deficiencies for which the
said supplementary taxes are provided.
AKTICJLE XII.
C HA KIT ABLE AND PENAL INSTITUTIONS.
Sec. 1. Institutions for the care
of the insane, blind, deat and dumb
and the poor shall always be fostered
and suj ported by this State, and shall
be subject to such regulations as the
general assembly may enact.
Spp. c1. The renents of the State hos
pital for the insane and the superintendent
thereof, who shall be a physician,
shall be appointed by the governor,
by and with the advice and consent
of the senate. Ail other physicians,
officers and employees of the
hospital shall be appoiuted by the regents,
unless otherwise ordered by the
general assembly.
Sec. 3. The respective counties of
this State shall make such provision
as may be determined by law for all
those inhabitants who by reason of age,
infirmities and misfortune may have a
claim upon the sympathy and aid of
society.
Sec. 4. The directors of the benevolent
and penal State institutions which
may be hereafter created shall be appointed
or elected as the general assembly
may direct.
Sec. 5. The directors and superintendent
of the penitentiary shall be appointed
or elected asthe general assembly
may direct.
Sec. G. All convicts sentenced to
hard labor by any of the courts in this
State may be tmployed upon the public
works of the State or of the counties
and upon the public highways.
Sec. 7. Provision may be made by
the general assembly for the establish-1
ment and maintenance by the State of j
a reformatory for juvenile offenders
separate and apart from hardened
criminals.
Sec. 8. The governor shall have
power to fill all vacancies that may occur
in the offices aforesaid, except
where otherwise provided for, with the !
power of removal until the next session j
of the general assembly and until a!
successor or successors shuJl be ap- :
pointed and confirmed.
Sec. 9. The penitentiary and the i
convicts thereto sentenced shall for- j'
ever be under the supervision and con-1
rrol of officers employed by the State: j1
ind in case any convicts are hired or j,
farmed out, as may be provided by j
!aw, their maintenance, support, mod- i 1
ieal attendance and discipline shali be j'
mder the direction of officers detailed i:
"or those duties by the authorities of j'
;he penitentiary.
ARTICLE XIII. I
MILITIA.
i
Section 1. The militia of this State ;
>hull consist of ali able-bodied male
Mtizeas of the State between the ages :
if 18 and 45 years, except such per- \
>ons as are now or may be exempted 11
>y the laws of the United States or J i
;his State, or who from religious j
scruples may be averse to bearing; <
irms, and shall be organized, otlicered, i
irmed, t f] lipped and discipline las the j:
general assembly may by law direct. i
Sec. The vobiuteer aud militia j
forces shall (except for treason, felony J)
iud breach of the peace) be exempt 1;
from arrest by warrant or other pro-!
less while in active service or atteudng
muster or the election of ollicers. j i
i
or -while going to or retnrning from
either ol the same.
Sec. 3. The governor shall have the
power to call out the volunteer and
militia forces, either or both, to execute
the laws, repel invasions, suppress
insurrections and preserve the public
peace.
Sec. 4. There shall be an adjutant j
and inspector general elected by the
qualified electors of the State at the j
j.i 7 il.? .v,..,. ..
SHIDO XILilt? fclliU. XII tuu oauiVT' luiiuuvri cao
other State officers, who shall rank as
brigadier genera), and whose duties
and compensation shall be prescribed
by law. The governor shall, by and
with the advice and consent of the senate,
appoint such other staff officers as
the geueral assembly may direct.
See. 5. The general assembly is
hereby empowered and required, at its
first session after the adoption of this
Constitution, to provide snch proper
and liberal legislation as will guarantee
and secure an annual pension to
every indigent or disabled Confederate
soldier and sailor of this State and of
the late Confederate States who are |
citizens of this State, and also to the j
indigent widows oi Confederate soldiers
and sailors.
ARTICLE XIV.
EMINENT DOMAIN.
Section 1. The State shall have
concurrent jurisdiction on all rivers
borderiug on this State, so far as such
rivers shall form a common boundary
to this and any other State bounded
by the same; and they, together with
all navigable waters within the limits
^ ^ yi i. ~i.-n i.- -?
OI IL1C OlUl/C, HLUIU DC 1LU LLl L1J.VJ U w^u
ways and forever free, as well to the
inhabitants of this State as to the citizens
of the United States, without any
tax or impost therefor, unless the same
be expressly provided for by the general
assembly.
Sec. 2. The title of all lands and
other property which have heretofore
accrued to this State by grant, gift,
purchase, forfeiture, escheats or otherwise
shall vest in the State of South
Carolina, the same as though no change
had taken place.
Sec. 3. The people of the State
are declared to possess the ultimate
property in and to all lands within the
jurisdiction of the State; and all lands
the title to which shall fail from defect
of heirs shall revert or escheat to the
people.
ARTICLE XV.
IMPEACHMENTS.
Section 1. The house of representatives
shall have the sole power of impeachment.
A vote of two-thirds of J
all the members elected shall be required
for an impeachment. Any officer
impeached shall thereby be sus
pended Irorn oince uutii judgment in
the case shall have been pronounced;
and the office shall be filled during the
trial in such manner as may be provided
by law.
Sec. 2. All impeachments shall be
tried by the senate, and when sitting
for that purpose they shall be under
oath or affirmation. No person shall be
convicted except by a vote of two-thirds
of all the members elected. When the
governor is impeached, the chief justice
of the supreme court,.or, if he be
disqualified, the senior justice shall
preside, with a casting vote in all preliminary
questions.
Sec. tf. The governor and all other
executive and judicial officers shall be
liable to impeachment; but judgment
in such case shall not extend further
than removal from office. The persons
convicted shall, nevertheless, be
liable to indictment, trial and punishment
according to law.
Sec. 4. For any willful neglect of
duty, or other reasonable cause, which
shall not be sufficient ground of impeachment,
the governor shall remove
any executive or judicial officer on the
address of two-thirds of each house of
.v . 1 V.I.. . TD ;,1
me geiitriui uoouiuujv . oiiu>iucu,
That the cause or causes for which suid
removal may be required shall be
stated at length in such address, and
entered on the journals of each house:
And provided, further, That the officer
intended to be removed shall be notified
of such cause or causes, and shall
be admitted to a hearing in his own
defense, or buy his counsel, or by
both,before any vote for such address;
and in all cases the vote shall be taken
by yeas and nays, and be entered on
the journals cf each house respectively.
ARTICLE XVI.
AMENDMENT AND UEVLSIoN OF THE
CONSTITUTION. >
I
Section I. Any amendment or
amendments to the Constitution may j
be proposed in the senate or house of ,
representatives. If the same be agreed f (
to by two-thirds of the members elect-! (
ed to each house, such amendment or
amendments shull be entered on the .
journals respectively, with the yeas
and nays taken thereon: and the same '
shall be submitted to the qualified f
electors of the State at the next geuer- |.
ul election thereafter for representa- !
tives: and if a majority of the electors .
tju ditiea to vote for members of the
general assembly, voting thereon, shall i ^
vote iu favor of such amendment or j
amendments, and a majority of each j
branch of the next general assembly !
shall, after such an election, and be- j .
fore another, ratify the same amend- !;
meat or amendments by yeas and nays, !
the same shall become part of the;
Constitution: Provided, That such
amendment or amendments shall have |'
j
been read throe tim?s, on three several! .
days, in each house.
Sec. 2. If two or more amendments 1
shall be submitted at the same time, j,
they shall be submitted iu such manner '
that the electors shall vote for or ;
against each of such ameudmcnta sop- j'
ar itelv. _ .
Sec. -d. Whenever t.vo-thirds of the j,
members elected to each branch of the !
general assembly -hall think it neces- j
aary to call a convention to revise,
amend or change this Constitution,
they shall recommend to the electors
to vote for or against a convention at
the next election for representatives;
and if a majority of all the electors
voting at said election shall have voted
for a convention, the general assembly
shall, at its next session, provide by
law for ealling the same; and such convention
shall consist of a number ot
members equal to that of the most
numerous branch of the general assembly.
ARTICLE XVII.
MISCELLANEOUS MATTE US.
Section 1. No person sbali be
elected or appointed to any office in
this State unless he possess the qualifications
of an elector: Provided, that
the provisions of this section shall not
apply to the offices of state librarian
and departmental clerks, to cither of
which offices any woman, a resident
of the State two years, who has attained
the age of 21 years shall be eligible.
Sec. 2. The general assembly may
direct by law, in what manner
claims against the Stato aiay be established
and adjusted.
Sec. 0. Divorces from the bonds
of matrimony shall not be allowed in "
this State.
Sec. 4. No person who denies the
existence of a Supreme Being shall
hold any office under this Constitution.
Sec. o. The printing of the laws,
journals, bills, legislative documents
and papers for each branch of the
ganeral assembly, with the priuting
required for the executive and other
departments of the State, shall be let,
on contract, in such manner as shall be
prescribed by law.
Sec. 6. The general assembly shall
provide for the removal of all causes
which may be pending when this Constitution
goes into effect to courts
created by the same.
Sec. 7. No lottery shall ever be
allowed, or advertised by newspapers,
or otherwise, or its tickets be sold in
*"? - c*i. 4. _ 1 xl.
miS QlU.lt', uuu I Lit yeucmi
shall provide by law at its next session
for the enforcement of this provision.
Sec. It shall be unlawful for any
person holding an office of honor, trust
or profit to engage in gambling, or
beiting on games of chance; and any
such officer, upon conviction thereof,
shall become thereby disqualified from
the further exercise of the functions of
his office, and the office of said person
shall become vacant, as in the case of
resignation or death.
Sec. 9. The real and personal property
of a woman held at the time of
her marriage, or that which she may
hereafter acquire, either by gift, grant,
inheritance, devise or otherwise, shall
be her separate property, and she shall
have all the rights incident to the same
to which an unmarried woman or a
man is entitled. She shall have the
power to contract and be contracted
with in the same maunor as if she were
married.
Sec. 10. All laws now in force in
this State and not repugnant to this
Constitution shall remain and be enforced
until altered or repealed by the
general assembly, or shall expire by
their own limitations.
Sec. 11. That noinconvenience may
nnice from the ehunce in the Constitu
tiou of this State, and in order to curry
this Constitution into complete operation,
it is hereby declared:
First. That all laws in force in this
State, at the time of the adoption of
this Constitution, not inconsistent
therewith, and constitutional when enacted,
shall remain in full force until
altered or repealed by the general assembly
or expire by their own limitation.
All ordinances passed and ratified
at this convention shall have the
same force and efl'ect as if included in
and constituting a part of this Constitution.
Second. All writs, actions, causes of
action, proceedings, prosecutions, and
rights of individuals, of bodies corporate
and of the State, when not incon-!
sistent with this Constitution, shall
coutiuue as vulid.
t Third. The provisions of all laws
which are inconsistent with this Constitution
shall ct-ase upon its adoption,
except that all laws which are inconsistent
with such provisions of this Constitution
as require legislation to enforce
them shall remain in force until
such legislation is had.
Fourth. All fines, penalties, forfeit
ures and escheats accruing to the State I
of South Carolina under the Constitution
and laws heretofore in force shall J
accrue to the use of the State of South
Carolina under this Constitution, except
as herein otherwise provided.
Fifth. All recognizances, obligations
and all other instruments entered into
or executed before the adoption of this
Constitution to the State, or to any j
county, township, city or town therein,
and all fines, taxes, j>enalties and
forfeitures due or owing to this State
or to any county, township, city or
town therein and all writs, prosecu- j
tions. uciions and proceedings, except
as herein otherwise piovided, shall continue
am! remain unaffected by the
adoption of this Constitution. All indictments
which shall have been found,
or may hereafter be found, for any j
crime or cifeiice committed before the
adoption of this Constitution may be
prosecuted us if no change had been j
made, except as otherwise provided j
herein.
Sixth. All officers, State, executive, j
legislative, judicial, circuit, district, j
county, township and municipal, who !
may be in oiiice at the adoption of
this Constitution or who ru:iy be elected
before the election of their successors
as herein provided, shall hold their
respective otlices until their terms J
have expired and until their successors j
are elected or appointed and qualified i
as provided in this Coustiution, unless
sooner removed as may be provided by
law, and siiai! receive the compensation
nov.* fixed by the statute laws in
force at the. adoptionpf th.s Constitution.
Seventh. At ail elections hold for
members of the general assembly in
cage of a vacancy, or any other office,
State, county or municipal, the qualifications
of electors shall remain as !
they were under the Constitution of
1868, uutil the first dav of November,
1896.
Eighth. This Constitution, adopted
by the people of South Carolina in
convention assembled, shall be in force i
and effect from and after the 31st day !
of December, in the year 1895.
Ninth. The provisions of the Constitution
of 1868 and amendments
thereto are repealed by this Constitution,
except when reordaiued and declared
herein.
CHEAP HOOKS,
How the Price of Publications Has
Been Reduced.
Fifteen years ago Munro, the great
American pirate, surprised the public,
amazed booksellers and precipitated
international copyright by issuiug
standard works at 15 to 25 cents c
volume. They were in newspaper type,
in awkard shape and badly printed.
They were recivcd as a miracle of
cheapness. "Whatever else they accomplished
thej7 destroyed the profits
of the respectable New York 12mo and
Svo pirates, and the big bookselling
firms, after half a century of piracy,
were all instantly converted to international
copyright.
Ten years ago there began to be issued
at 10, 20 and 40 cents a volume,
in paper 12mo editions of standard
works, which again amazed the public
by their cheapness. They were in as
large type and as well printed as the 1
franc, 25 centimes books with which
Levy revolutionized the French book
trade 40 years ago. They were better
printed and covered a wider
range than the shilling volumes
of Rutledge, in England 25 years ago,
the predecessors of many shilling series
fiinpp.
Five years ago various failures,
liquidations and speculations brought
great blocks and stocks of these issues
on the market and they fell to 10
cents. This seemed about as far as
they could go, but the past five years
has seen a great change iu the cost of
producing cheap books. Paper has
fallen in value, typesetting machines
have reduced the cost of composition,
presses are run at a speed before unknown,
while new machines fold,stitch
and cover the volumes as they come
from the press and tie them in bundles.
The result is that one New York firm
has made a contract to deliver 2,000,000
complete paper covered books at
21 cents a volume, wh\]e another cheap
book firm is delivering all its large
list by the 1,000 at 2i cents a volume,
less 5 per cent, for cash.
This is probably as cheap as the
book is likely to go and even at these
wholesale prices the book is not as
cheap as the newspa2>er.?Philadelphia
Press.
BLUNDEKsT"UKEEP IN.
Typographical Errors Found in AH the
Books Ever Printed.
I remember once of a publisher in
London who made up his mind to
publish a book that should have no
typographical errors whatever. He
had his proofs corrected by his own
proof-readers, until they all assured
tn'm that, there were no Ionizer anv
errors in the text. Then he sent
proofs to the universities and to other
publishing houses offering a prize of
several pounds sterling in cash for
every typographical mistake that
could be found. Hundreds of proofs
were sent out in this way and many
skilled proof-readers examined the
pages in the hope of earning a prize.
A few errors were discovered. Then
all the proof-sheets having been heard
from the publisher felt sure that his
book would appear before the public
an absolutely perfect piece of composition.
He had the plates cast, the
edition printed and bound between
expensive covers, because as a perfect
specimen of printers' art it was of
course unique iu literature and exceedingly
valuable to bibliophiles.
The edition sold well and was spread
all over the country. The publisher
was very much pleased with himself
for having done something that had
hitherto been considered an impossibility.
Ihen his pride had a fail, for
six or eight months later he received
a letter calling his attention to a certain
line on a certain page. Then
came another letter announcing the j
discovery of a second error in this j
l^orfect book. I believe before the j
year was out four or five mistakes were !
found.?Harper's Hound Table.
Best School of Journalism.
It is impossible, in my judgment,
that there should be any special school
which will take a young man intend- J
ing to pur.-ue the profession of journalism,
after he has finished his college I
studies, and give him much valuable I
instiuction in the duties and labors of
the future professional life, and m j
that general experience in business
which I recommend as most indispensable.
'1 here is only one school for j
that purpose, and that is the news- j
paper otiice, and the better the news- |
paper ollice the more complete, the
more varied, and the more extensive
the labors that it aims at and performs,
and the better educated the
young man who is going to learn his
trade there, the more effectually will
he 1< arn it. The newspaper office is
the best post-graduate college that the
student of the newspaper profession
can have. Let him gc the best education
possible and then go to work in
a newspaper office, and the better the
editor the better the instruction.?
Charles A. Lana.
CRAILO MANOR HOUSE.
Supposed to Ke the Oldest Dwelling
in This Country.
Contrary to general expectation,
pays the New York Times, the famous
Crailo manor house is not to be demolished.
This will be extremely interesting
news to many people
throughout the United States, bat _
more particularly those of Eastern ''flUS
New York. The historical old placo
OLDEST DWELLING IN THE UNION.
stands in one of the picturesque
streets of Greeubush, just across tbe
Hudson River from Albany. It was
near this house that "Yankee Doodle" j
was written. For years tbe old block I
house has been fast decaying under
the ruthless ravages of time and the
element5. The Society of Colonial
Dame?, recognizing the value of this,
the oldest house in the United States, |
has leased it for a term of fifteen years.1
| When the improvements now in progress
shall have been completed a cus
todian will be placed in charge. By
the payment of a small entrance fee it
will be accessible to all visitors.
The building was erected in 1642 as
a manor house and place of defense,
and was known as Fort Crailo. It was
General Abe^crombie's headqntrters
wtnle that doughty warrior was marchinor
to attack Fort Ticonderoga, in
1758. It was at the cantonment eaat
of this house, near the old well, that
the Army Surgeon, R. Shuckburgh,
composed the immortal song, "Yankee
Doodle." The house is the original
homestead of the younger and larger.!
branch of the Van Rensselaer family,;
after whom the county was named.
According to the best histories, the
building was erected by Killian Van
Rensselaer for his son Johannes between
the years 163 3 and 1642.
The building is a two-story and
attic brick structure of most substan-i
tial construction. The walls are of.
great thickness, and are still pierced
with two of the nine stone loopholes
which once commanded the approaches.
The beams of hewn pine
are of unusual size, some of them being
sixteen inches square. About the ,
middle of the eighteenth century the,
rude fortress-like dwelling was transformed
into a handsome residence, j
and an addition was made in the rear
i:a 1749. The main entrance is in the
middle of the river front and gives
access to a small hall, from which
open doors leading to the main rooms
on either side. At the end of the hall
springs an arch, the imposts and soffits
of which are ornamented with
delicate garlands in low relief. A.
second and much larger paneled hall,
opening upon tlie porch at the left,
intersects this hall at the centre of the
house. The old Crailo manor house
is most curiously planned. All the
rooms connect with each other, usually
by means of closets, but as there are
several levels on the same story the
doors in some cases open several feet
above the level of the floor of.
the lower room. There is no apparent
reason for this difference of
level, unless it was purposely designed
to increase the difficulty of capture in
the event of the house being taken by
an enemy.
The building some years ago passed
out of the hands of the Yan Bensseiaers,
and the property was in litigation
for nearly two years. Daring
that time it was the retreat of a band
of young ruffians who broke the windows,
defaced the woodwork, and demolished
the mantels and balusters.
Prior to that time the old manor "was
visited by people from all parts of the
United States. It is famous in history
and song.
In the Same Heat,
' ' " ' 1 Ann or V? f +M a
" \L5 ID irUU lULti/ vua v~v?
richest man at the beach last summer?
I heard you were engaged to him."
' 'Of coarse I was engaged to him!
Do you think I wanted to be the only
girl that was not?"?Truth.
Sho tVas Astonished. -**
As a Chicago woman cyclist was
taking a ruu on her wheel along a
country road, a woman rushed wildly,
out from a small cottage many yards
from the highway, waving her apron
and hallooing madly. The wheelwoman
stopped short and waited. The worn-,
an's husband was probably dying and,
~ fr>r n doetnr Curl.
?UHLC>A v*wwww.. WW..*
ens, she tarried while the rural darno
drew near. As she came up. panting
and breathless, she ejaculated: "'Fore
God, lady, tell me how ye ever learnt
to set on them wheels."
A "versatile genius" is really a .Tack-,
of-alMrades, and master of uoue?