The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, March 31, 1880, Image 1
YOL. X. LEXINGTON, SOUTH CAROLINA, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 31, 1880. NO. 2i
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THE LEXINGTON DISPATCH
is published evert wednesday, |
By Godfrey 31, Harman,
LEXINGTON C. H., S. C.
C. S. BRADFORD and G. M. HARMAN, j
EDITORS.
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As. Outspoken Congressman.
The Hon. D. "Wyatt Aiken Explains his :
Views and Action on the Political j
Assessment Bill.
Washington, March 15, 1S80. j
To the Editors of the News and Courier: i
In your issue of the 13th inst., ap- j
peared the following:
SOME MORE "FOOD FOR THOUGHT."
"Is it possible that Congressman i
Aiken favors the infamous system of J
assessments upon public officers for!
political purposes? We cannot be- j
lieve that he does But if he does
not, why did he move to lay on the
table the Auti-Assessment bill, having j
as his followers all the Republicans j
and only two Democrats, Moore, of
Massachusetts, and Wells, of Mis-1
souri? "
Of whom do yon mat? this inquiry ?
Is it of me, or that public whose opinion
you would, I fear, haply if you
could, mould to my detriment?'
There is an insinuation always shroud- j
cd in interrogatories submitted asj_
^yl^^Bbmit the above, that t# my |
miifcnsuggests a sinister motiVe in j
propounding the injury. If, however, i!
in this instance this impressiou is;
groundless, and I am mistaken in my i'
^view of the matter, I will only be ,'
pleased to know I am incorrectly im- '
pressed. But as Sam Scott, the |
Catawba Iudiau chief of mv bovhood 1
w " I
days, would say uuder similar cir- 1
cumstance, "It smells like it." j1
During the extra sessiou of last j'
8Drin?r the committee on civil service j'
reform reported a bill prohibiting j
assessments upon public officers for I
political purposes. Another feature I i
of the bill was to make it a penal of- j
fence for such officers to allow them- j1
selves to be assessed for such pur-1
poses. The discussion upon this bill j
consumed over two weeks of the extra ,!
session, and caused much "bad blood" !1
between the two parties, resulting in I!
repeated and coutiuued abuse of the j'
South, and the "Confederate Briga- j1
diers" in the House, with never a j(
friend from the North, glo-ri-ousj'
Democrats though they be, to raise ;'
his voice in our defence, save a few I
words from General Tom Ewiug, of
Ohio. j1
As a special order set foi a day j
certain this session this bill came np
again, and had monopolized more'
than a week's time since the 1st of
December last. Mr. House, of Teu j
cessee, made an exhaustive speech of
two hours and a half against the civil
service reform policy of Mr. Hayes,
and indirectly in favor of the bill. <
Similar time was allowed the Re- i
publican side of the House. That i;
>was consumed, and the member pre- j <
senting the bill moved the previous i!
question. The Republicans demand- i
ed further time to discuss the bill, '
and a large number of Democrats i
were disposed to grant it. 11
The gentleman (Hosteller, of Indi- j:
ana,) Laving the bill in charge per- i
sistently refused, and the Republicans i:
began to "filibuster" by refusing t- j I
vote at all; and the Democrats, not <
having a quorum of the whole House : 1
preseut, bad the point made upon |
them after every vote, that a ' quorum j '
was not present." A call of the |
House was ordered, and 243 members ;'
answered to their names. Another j1
vote was ordered, the roll called, I
about 130 Democrats voted, but no i
Republicans; and another point of j <
order that there was do quorum.
At this stage of the contest I saw
... i
an evideut disposition on the part of
the Democrats to open up discussion
again. Cvi bond? Simply to allow
the Republicans another opportunity j
to abuse the South, and shake unmercifully
the poor old tattered and torn
bloody shirt in our faces.
Meantime the bill had been S":
loaded down with amendments from j
both Democrats and Republicans,
that Us author would not have known
his bantling, wrapped as it was in its;
variegated garments!
Then it was that I rose and asked
if it would be in order to lay the bill
and amendments ou tbe table? Be-'
ing told that it would be, I made that
motion, which was lost by nine votes;
but I believe the defeat of my motion
has accomplished what I desired?
the withdrawal of this stupid bill
from the consideration of the Mouse.
I had opened the way to more practical
and useful legislation.
i
But as you have forced me into the
|
papers agaiu, let the who'e truth be
told. After my motion was made,
and the House in great coufusion
was wrangling over si me points of
order, the author of the bill, (not the
member having it in charge, but the ,
author) came to me, and asked me;
to modify mv motion. And no less !
than a score of Democrats voluntarily ,
said: "Aiken, if you had moved to ',
recommit I would have voted with I
you, but I won't vote to table the
bill " And this was the voice of the ,
entire South Carolina delegation. ji
Do you comprehend the difference? ,
Had it been recommitted to tbe com- i
mittee it would have remained in
Democratic hands, and could have
been amended satisfactorily and pre-!
sen ted in a different garb iu the fu ,
lure; or it could have been smothered ;
in the committee, and would never;
have again bn^n heart! of. Dot to'
have laid if on the table would have
been voting to suit the wishes of the , _
Republicans, and, therefore, an ac-'1
koowledged qnasi-defeat of the Deiui-ratic
majority, which would have had (
i tendency to demoralize the party. |
There were not a baker's dozen ''
members that thought the bill wise;i
any, more than ha f the Democrats;
thought it nuwise, indefensible, and I'
would prove a dead letter upon our
Statute books if enacted into law. I'
But the party had sworn the "horse 1
was sixteen feet high," and they proposed
to "hght it out on that line."!
I was not in the swearing, and j
thought it uot wise to take the oath, i *
. ! |
That's all about, it.
One word further. There are over "
fifteen thousand clerks iu Washiug- ^
ton; perhaps ten thousand are men, i?
:iud all of them are Republicans, j1
Suppose each one of them gave ten !'
dollars fur a campaigu fund, as they i
did last sum i) er to elect Foster gov- j1
ernor over Ewing in Ohio, there will ;1
be a fund of $100,000. How will you j ^
prevent this atnouut being raised? 1
This bill says such an assessment shall I
Dot be made.
Suppose these clerks know that ; 3
their continuance in officeAlcpeiids
upon Republican success Fail,;
and they go forward and voluntarily
[jive $20 each, thus $200,000 for the ' |
Republican campaign, what steps
would you take to prevent it ?
This bill says, that shall be consid- j
sred a penal offence. What?pun ! (
ished for disposing of your money as!
you think proper after you have1,
earned it? As weil tell me that, after j
[ had sold a bale of cotton the money ' j
received for it should not be spent usj.
[ thought proper These two points! j
in the bill will show yon the perfect !,
inutility of enacting such legislation j
is it proposed.
One more postscript. I hold my-!
>elf amenable to those who sent me;
iiere, and am ever ready to give ac- j
rount of my stewardship, but I protest
being held to account bv those '
who, ignorant of the surroundings,
I 1
seem ever wilin" to attack me f<.r
political apostacv. I am no uutoma-i*
'on, ami I <lo not believe it is the,'
ivish of my constituency ?lu?t I should !
be. Neither do I propose to "oo it 2
ilimi" upon any question Solely he- 1
:ause it is Democratic. I claim the i I
right of exercising private judgment
on all palitical questions upon which
I am called to legislate, and if upon
examination I find I differ in my
views with those with whom I am in
accord politically, I propose to vote
as my judgment dictates. If called
to account, I will be prepared to show
cause both for my faith aud my
works. \ ery truly,
D. Wyatt Aiken.
We do not always agree with the
views of Representative Aiken; but
there is no public man anywhere for
whose honesty, manliness, patriotism,
and good sense we have a more sincere
respect. His idea that the Xnics
and (Jonrir-r seeks, or has ever sought
to mould public opinion to bis detriment
is, therefore, a mistake We
have simply given him an opportunity
to explain to his constituents a matter
which, in the absence of explanation,
could not but be regarded by
Ins Democratic constituents as a little
queer, to say the least of it. Col.
Aiken's letter, however, fully vindicates
his course, and his friends in
South Carolina will ail be glad that
he has written it. We are only sorry
that iti telling us whv lie happened to
be found voting with the Republicans
noon what seemed to beanartv ones
ti?>n, be should have seen fit. to resent
our inquiry as the manifestation of a
"sinister motive" thai has no existence
except in his own fancy. We
repeat that we have great respect for
ami confidence in Col.'Aiken; but
tiie people of South Carolina have at
ail times a right to know what their
representatives in Congress do. and
why they do it.?Editor Nov:* and
Councr.
2?aks Friend3.
Life is very critical. Any word
nay be ou|" last. Au{ farewell, even
nnong gh.? ami merriment, may be
forever If this truth were but burned
nto onr consciousness, and it ruled
is a deep conviction and power in
jur lives, would it not give a new
meaning to all onr humau relationships?
Would it not make us far more
:ender than we sometimes are?
Would it not oftentimes put a rein
ipou our rash and impetuous speech?
Would we carry in our hearts the
miserable suspicious and jealousies
:hat now so often embitter the foun;aiu
of our loves? Would we be so
inpatient of the faults of others?
Would we allow trivial misunderstandings
to build up strong walls be;ween
us and those who ought to
stand very close to us? Would we
;eep alive petty quarrels year after
rear, which a manly won! any day
.voald compose ? Would we pass
ieighbors or old friends on t he streets
vithoub recognition, because of some
real or fancied slight, some wounding
>t" pride, or some ancient, grudge ? Or
vould we bo so chary of our kind
voids, our commendations, our sympathy,
our comfort, when weary
learts all about us are breaking for
nst such expressions of interest or
ippreciatiou as we have in our power
to give?
The Plaintiff?Now, then, who is
the plaintiff in this case? asked His
Honor as u case was called.
No reply.
I ask who is the plaintiff in this
rase? continued the Court.
I don't know anything about plainIffs.
replied a man in the corner, as
ie slowly rose, hut if you were asking
ror the chap who was chased a mile
md a half and then mopped all over
lis barn yard by two desperadoes,
ben I'm your man !
The ca*e went on.
The negroes of the South consume
:wice as much per head of sugar-cured
nuns, lobsters, sardines, tobacco and
whiskey, as the miners, factory operitives
and poor needle-women of the
North, :inil yet the working classes
North are taught to regard the colo
r>
>re:l brother as a poor, dowu-troddeu,
itarved wretch.
The A-sufiafe Ih-fnTnvrf Prcdnjlc. )iin
says: "Col. Aiken is one of the
iest lie preset i tat ives we have ever
aad in Congress."
j Bill Arp on the Press.
i Yonr paper is a gieat comfort tc
I me; in everv number I find something
1 ' i ?
I to put away 111 un:i4?and memory;
! something th.it I did not know before,
j and which will be of advantage to me
| in time to come. If a man can read
; he can get a good education by tak
I
! ing one good paper; ^^rnn keep up
| with the world, anil make himself an
entertaining member of society; he
can talk tip a little oyjuost any subject.
Book learning is a very good
I thing, but I know a man who has n
power of that, but hcUiever reads the
' papers, and he passes for a fool in
Ilis naborhood. Some papers are
J not much aceount'^JJ'^rppearnnccs,
| but I never took one__that didn't pay
me in some way a good deal more
J than I paid it. One time an old
; friend started a little paper away
| down in Southwestern Georgia and
'sent it to me, and I 'subsetibed just
to encourage him, and so after a while
i it published a notice lhat an administrator
had an order to sell several
lots of land at public outcry, and one
i of the lots was in tiiv?couuty. So I
I. , J
inquired about the? lot, and wrote
; down to mv friend to attend the sale,
and run it to fifty dollars. He did
so, and bid off the lot for me at tbirtv
I
j dollars, and I sold ifr? in a month to
; the man it joined for a hundred, and
so I made sixty-eighftTbllars clear by
j taking that paper. Mr father told
ine when he was a young man he saw
a notice in a paper that a school
teacher was wanted away off in a distant
county, and he \fent down there
|
and got the sit nation^ and a little girl
j was sent to him, and after a while she
grew up mighty sweet and pretty,
I and he f?-il in love^with her and
j married her Now, if he hadn't took
i that paper, what do \y\\ reckon would
have become, of m^aM^oufdu't I be
tsnme other feller, not be at
I all ??Atlanta Constitution.
I Pats Atta:k and Disfcgure Two
Hon.
A remarkable and perhaps unpre\
cedeuted combat took^place at Bos;
tick's mill, near Peed^e, N. C., on the
| morning of the 9th instant. It seems
j that Gen. Bostick and one of his employees.
Anderson Way less, went into
a corn house, which had been stored
with corn for nearly twelve months,
! and which had been .closed for that
j length of time. After getting iu,
they found that the place was literlly
j alive with lats, which began to nt:
tack fiercely the two men, who in
j vain attempted to beat them off. The
rats came upon them in droves, t-iting
then) about tin- hands, face and legs,
j several actually getting under Way;
less's shirt. Both men cried for help,
! and were rescued l'r<>tn their perilous
i situation. The whole of (Jen Bos1
tick's ear was eaten off and face horribly
bitten. Way less's nose and lips
were so badly bitten that his best
friends could not recognize him, and
his left eve was torn jViirri- its socket.
?Special to II"(ishinr/toii
j Whatever you have to say, my friend,
I Whether witty or grave or guv,
I ? ? *
| Condense as much as ever you can,
j And say in the readiest way;
| And whether you wrteqii rural affairs
Or particular things fn town;
Just a word of frieudly advice?
Boil it down.
j
For if you go spluttering over a page
When a couple of lines would do,
Your Imtter is spread so much, you see
i
That the bread shows plainly
.1 i .
inruuyu
So when you Lavcj a story to tell,
Aud would like ;i little renown,
. To make quite sure of your wish, my
friend,
Boil it down.
A Rochesteu Physician's Experience.
: R. Caulkins, M D., of Rochester, X.
: Y., certifies Oct, 6tii, 1879, that he
has used the Safe Kidney and Liver
Cure in his practice for diseases of
the kidneys and liver, aud the result
' has been satisfactory in the extreme.
He says: "I would now prescribe the
, same remedy to all similarly afflicted,
aud you are. at liberty to so state in
| your testimonials/' Jan 73lq.
Ths Primary System.
i !
Di e West, S. C., March 13,1880. |
[1 Editor Rrtttuder.?As this is the'
1 . .'
;! venr for the geueral elections, aud
r .
, one that is likely to test to the uts
j most the strength of the Democratic
I j party in the State, our safety lies in
i adopting such plans aud in pursuing
> such course of action as will keep the
i party solid and active.
; Excepting a sense of common dan
ger, which always unites a people,
I! nothing, in the judgment of the ;
l ! writer, contributed so much to our [
i; success iu 187G as the system off
i primary elections. The mind that j
1' euvolved that grand idea of going to !
,! every tuan in tbe State, bigb or low,:
rich or poor, the noisy declaimer and j
i i tin- quiet, enthusiastic tbinker, equally |
I j tbe right to express his preference for!
j nominees by bis vote, was truly an j
: organizer of a scattered aud despoud-1
j ent force. Tbe scheme entitles its!
author to immortality in tbe South-j
| em Democracy. What unity, activ-j
itv, life, hope and determination it;
inspired where adopted! Who can j
recall those glorious days of solid I
effective work without feeling their!
j spirit and inspiration cotue back to j
I hiui and nerve him for auother strug-1
gle?
The object of this communication ;
is to recommend this magic system to j
j a more universal adoption and en- .
! largement; and then, so enlarged aud 1
! perfected, let us appeal to it again !
! for success iu the elcclion this fall. I
; At present they nominate oulv mem'
hers of the Legislature and county
| officers. Let us enlarge their work,
i j and by them nominate also our Representatives
to Congress and Solicitors.
The writer has not noticed
this enlargement advocated in the |
, papers of the State, except l>y the
; | Abbeville Medium. Others may have
been doing 4o. If so, tb jy have bee^i,
| and are, touching the cord that viJ
brutes through the rank and file of
' j the party. The "primaries" harmon-j
| ize so fully with the principles of;
! Democracy, give such a fair choice of
i candidates, that everyJody is awaken- j
i fed by them to the fullest vigor in the j
1 j elections. Let it not be feared that!
'j the idicateri enlargement of the pri- j
inary elections will render them itn-!
I practicable. For the count and de-j
j termination of the Congressional:
! nominee and the Solicitor, the j
1 ,
| local clubs can forward returns to the |
! County Executive Committees as at j
j present. These committees can ag- j
Igregate votes and announce legisla-j
j tive and county nominees, aud for
ward their returns for the other two
! offices to the State Executive Comj
nnttee for aggregation and announcement
of nominees. The whole plan
is simple, aud can be put into ope-;
j ration without a jar; and when j
I brought into action will afford the!
| broadest satisfaction to the whole j
; I party. A. Voter.
j
A Bachelor's View of It.?Man ;
i that is married to a woman isof many ;
i days and full of trouble. In the |
! morning he draweth his salary, and i
in the evening behold it is all gone.
: It is as a tale that is told, it vanish- ;
j etb and no one knoweth whither it |
jgoeth. He riseth up clothed in the!
i chilly garments of the night, and seek- j
'etb the somnolent paregoric where-!
with to soothe ike colicky bowels of.
| his infant posterity. Hebecometk as i
| the horse or the ox, aud draweth the !
chariot of his offspring. He spend-i
' etii the shekels in the purchase of tine
linen to cover the bosom of his fam-!
! ilv, yet himself is seen iu the gates of;
jtbe city, with but oue suspeuder.;
! Yea, he is altogether wretched.
Hie vote 01 tue .Legislature 01 tuis;
j State fur Presidential candidates'
shows Mr. Bayard to be the first i
choice of 78 out of 132, Tilden 12,1
I Sevmour 11, Field 10. The rest are i
j I
! divided among various names. Of;
the o-i who vote for other candidates !
i j
fur first choice, 21 are for Bayard as
j.second choice. Thus he is shown to j
be acceptable to hi) out of 132.
A weekly paper called the Nnc Era ',
j
has just beeu started in Charleston, j,
I in the interests of the colored people, j
Our Demoralization.
I
A great deal has been said and j
printed of late about Ibe necessity of
a law forbidding the carrying of concealed
weapons. If the juries of the
Slate would do their duty, by con-,
victing some of the many murderers
in this State the reprehensible prac-j
tice might be checked to some extent.
The work of tho recent sittings of the
courts which have been held in the i
various circuits of South Carolina will
1
' ' i 1 i ' _ if - L
Dear us out in tue assertion tuat me
trial by jury of a white man for the
crime of murder in this State has become
a farce and a disgrace to our
civilization. While the courts refuse'
to punish a murderer, the Judges, '
without exception, speak in the most
emphatic terms against the practice 1
of carrying deadly weapous. The!
fact is, that such speeches from the
Beuch may be said to have become j
stereotyped, except as to the mere
matter of verbiage. We say if the,
Judges would direct the juries to find j
verdicts in accordance with the enor- j
mitv of the crime that has been com- i
mitted they would fiud this a more j
effective plan of suppressing crime, j
It takes a little more than honied
words to be effective in staying the.
hand of the murderer. A little stern
justice is what is demanded, Herealter
the notice of nn approaching
county court of General Sessions
might be announced as follows:
Notice.?The Court of General Ses- >
sions will convene in the Court House
in this county next Monday week.
Murderers will appear and receive ,
certificates of their innocence. Pris- j
oners charged with the crimes of steal- j
ing crops from the field, burglary, ar- J
son or grand larceny are notified that:
they will be sent to the penitentiary (
promptly a'ter the adjournment of|
court. "JokxSxow, Clerk." J
[Abbeville Pre** and Banner. J
The Points of the Law.
You see, boss, dar's a nigger libin'
up my way who orter to be tooken
car* of, said an old darkey to the captain
at the Central Station yesterday.1
What's he been doing now ? Waal, j
sah, las' fall I lent him my axo, an'
when I wauted it back he braced
right up an' tole me dat possesshuu
was nine piuts o' law, an' refused to j
gib it up. Yes. Waal, de odder day
I sent de ole woman ober, an' she j
borrowed his buck saw, an' when Ju- ;
lius cum for it I tole him jist like he J
answered me, an' stood on my dig-'
uity. Well ? I had uiue pints o' law,'
didn't I? Yes. An' how many pints :
am de law composed of? I don't
know exactly. Well, dat's what bod-!
ders me, fur dat nigger saw detn nine
pints, shet up dis lef' eye fur me,
pitched de ole woman ober a bar'),
# . I
an' walked off with his saw an' coy
snow shovel to boot! If I had nine
pints he innst kev had ober twenty, I
an' cbeu den he didn't half let him-!
self out!?Detroit Free /Vs.s.
The Convention called for June by :
a minority of the Executive Commit
tee, should not attempt to nominate '
a State ticket. The election of State, !
County and National offices should |
be subject to the primaries, and is '
the only thing that will give satisfaction
to the masses. Their action maybe
construed as an effort to gag a
free discussion of the candidates for j
State offices. We are now beginning
a new century politically, and the!
road to honorable distinction must be
open alike to the sons of farmers and
mechanics as to the exclusive heirs of
aristocracy.?Jleouforl Crew-eat.
Beautifiers.?Ladies, you cannot
make fair skin, rosy cheeks and spark-!
liner eves with all the cosmetics of
France, or beautihers of the world,1
while iu poor health, and nothing will
give yon such good health, strength,
buoyant spirits and beauty as Hop
Bitters. A trial is certain proof. See
another column. 23. '
The Tallahassee Florid ian says that
a large percentage of the oat crop
through that section of country is said
to be already seriously damaged by ;
rust, aud it is feared will prove al-j
most a failure.
The Family Rudder.
A Comstocker who was haviDg bis
hair cut yesterday afternoon gave the
barber particular instructions not to
remove a long lock tbat projected in
a somewhat unsightly way from the
front of bis bead.
It don't become you, said the barber.
Can't help that, said the customer.
Better let me take it off, said the
barber.
Just you leave it as it i3, said the
uiau.
But, persisted the barber, I can't
give you a smooth, decent cut if I
leave the hair so long in front. It
will look like the very devil. I can't
see what you want it left there f<>r?
That's because you don't know
what it is?you don't know the use
of it.
I know it's a bunch of hair and
know that it's devilish unbecoming
just where it is.
Yes; it is a bunch of hair, and it is
something more than a bunch of
hair?it's the family rudder.
The family what?
The family rudder. When things1
don't go right at home my wife always
grabs that lock of hair. She
would feel lost without it. "When she
gets hold of that she can handle me?
steer me in the right course, so to'
speak?and when I go in the right
course tbe wbolo family go in tbe
right course and all is well I've got
used to it now and don't mind it.
Should I lose my hair and become
bald, or should you give me a fighting
cut all over, there would be no
way of steering me; I should become'
uumangeable, and sooner or later a'
total wreck. No, sir; don't you disturb
the family rudder.
Sad Legislation.
? .j
By a late act of tbe Legislature;witnesses
in State cases only get fifty
cents a day. This may be patriotic,
but poor people have long since'
learned that they cant live on patriotism.
The people have their eyesopen,
aud they will draw comparisons.
Why, they naturally ask, increase the
salaries of clerks and employees at
the State House during the session,
aud cut dowu the poor man's wages,
who is compelled, under the law, to
go to the Court House and stay there
till dismissed by the Judge, at perhaps
an expense of a dollar and a
half a day, and only give him fifty
cents? This may be law, but, we re
spectfully submit, it is not equity;
neither is it true economy to a party
that wants to hold the reins of government
and cheerful obedience to
its requirements. A man now who
is a witness in a State case must bring
his rations from home, cook them
himself, and sleep on a blanket io a
wagou yard, or lose money every trip.
State Ticket.?The Abbeville *Medium,
under the head of "A Ticket
for the Times," briugs out the following,
which we reproduce- as information
to the general reader:
For Governor, Gen. M. W. Gary;,
of Edgefield; Lieutenant-Governor,
Col. Rob't. Aldrieb, of Barnwell; Secretary
of State, General Jno. Bratton,
of Fairfield; Comptroller-General,
Hon. James C. Coit, of Chesterfield;
Treasurer, Hon. William Hood, of
Abbeville; Adjutant and InspectorGeneral,
Geueral John B. Erwin, of
Lancaster; Attorney-General, Hon.
Isaac D. Witherspoon, of York; Sup
i t L e Tl l A. * Ti .. Tr
ennieuuent ox XAiucauua, xaev. ?.
W. Duncan, of Spartanburg.
The successful growing of the coffee
plaut in South Florida seems to
be now established beyoud question.
Mrs. Atzrotta, of Braidentown, Manatee
Count}-, has just received from
the Commissioner of Agriculture the
premium offered some time since of
$10 for the first pound of coffee grown
in the open air.
Through the medium of the New
York HW'i Governor Seymour has
positively declined to allow his name
to be presented to tue people as a
candidate for tbe Presidency, nor will
be allow it to be used uuder any circumstances
whatever.
' r