Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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% ' ~ > ? * * THE LANCASTER LEDGER. VOW XIV. SATURDAY MORNING, OCT., 21, 1835. NUMBER 7. I* ' ' *?..?> t ? i ' #. 1 # THE LANCASTER LEIK1E8. Published every Saturday Morning. , BY Oi\i\OK? Sc CAKXF.lt, EDITORS AND PROPRIETORS; W\ M. CONNORS, D. J. CARTER. TERMS: ^ For ono year in advance, .... |2.00 For six months " " . *. - . ],00 No name will bo entered until the subscription price >a paid. _ ADVERTISEMENTS Will be inserted at one dollar andJifly rente per seuare lor the first, add one dollar p)r square lor each subsequent insertion. A square to consist of the space of tkn links. Brevier type. No advertisement considered less than a square. v The numher of insertions must be written on each advertisement, or they will be inserted till ordered out and charged accordingly. Semi-Monthly, Monthly, Or tjuartcrly Advertisements, will be charged one dollar and fijty oentt per square for each insertion. Liberal deductions will bo made in favor of ad.vertiacuicnts of three months, or longer a Landing. Announcing candidates for Office ,/ftr dollar*. or Communications recommending eandi. dates for office and ail others ef jimilcd or individual interest, charged at advertising rates. All legal or official notices must bo paid for by the individual authorizing the publication of the same, without reference to tbeir official capacity. iy Announcements of Marri igea or Deaths; Notices of Religious Meetings published gratis nil WilWUVUi s a Obituary Notices exceeding tlie announcement, Will be charged for tho overplus at regular advertising rates. fg" Tiibutcs of lic.-pcct, ralcd as advertisements. JOU WOltK Will be executed witli neatness sad dispatch and on accommodating terms. fW~ THE CASH fur Advertising and Joh Work will t?u re'iuired in all instances as soon aa the work is rctideied. Writtvu orders, to secure attention, must be accompanied with the caah. Flour, Bacon, Lard, Sorghum, Ac., will be received iu payment of sabseriptioas aud advertising at the market ratee. 'Also clean cotton and linan rage. CIRCULAR To the freet I men of Westeipx North Car> ttiiiiu, ana adjoining of South Carolina. UsAiHtUARTKRs FUKKDMEN'S BUIIXAU, ) Charlotte N. C, Oct, 1, 1805- f Knowing that many of you have wrohg impressions relntivo to 'your freedom, I send this Circular thai it may cor rect many erroneous ideas which are op rating very much against your interests. 1 have learned- that toady of you have the foolish idea that at Christmas you are to receive land', horses, and farming utensil*; that you expect the United States Government to give to you a portion of your former master's property oi plantation. At to tbia, let me say to you all that the Government baa no land ?n this portion of lhe'8tate, and that all plantations and property of all Ijindi (except the negro) belong to your masters as heretofore?the Government having no claim upon tbem whatever. Any of you having such expectations, roust at once and forever abandon such preposterous and absurd idc**; and any parson or persons trying to make you believe anything of'the kind are either fools oi knsvM ?n/J ? - J? !? , aig iiii^vsiDg upon your ig norauce. The Government has given you yam freedom, and you mutt not expect any fhing further from it. Th< Government expecte you to labor abd work oat youi own ealvaiion, and unleae you do you gc back to elavery or a'condhion far worse. Any property that you riMP^>oee?ee here aher you must acquire by labor, industry, 3d honesty. At the' end of thiayear, those who have Yemained with tbeir for mer maetete, and Worked faithfully, will be paid liberally for their labort and will be able to provide clothing and food foi theruitolv cs and famillee for a portion ol another year, and will, in the mean time, if they have so conducted themselves as to gain the confidence and respect of theii employers, be able to retain their placet for another year, or to obtain of otheri good situations and good pay.' Many ol these who have left their former hornet and idled away the proper season for tht risking of crops, will, at the end of th< %ear, find Ibeniia'.vee destitute of foot and clothing, and in a situation far worse than slavery. A long Winter is before you anJ unless you provide for that time your families must suffer?:yea, many must perish. Many of you are under the impression that the Government willleed you. This is not so. Government will not feed any who have had an opportunity and are able to labor. Ypu have bad four months of freedom, aijd all that wished could get work for themselves and families ; and those Who have not improved the past four months of their freedom must aliide by the consequences. Ere loug the troops will be witfi'dfawn from the Lldte" You will be left to pro vide for and protect youffcelves. by your labor you can provide, and by your good behavior you will secure protection. You must know that your freedoiu has taken away that interest which jodr former masters had for you. When in slavery you- were their property?they valued you as dollars and cents?and it was their interest to feed, clothe, and nurse you in sickness; but now that interest has gone. The responsibilities that then . rested upon them, now falls upon you and you only. Your first step now should be establish for yourselves a character for industry and integrity,'and unless you do so, your fate will be that of the North American Indian?your race will pass away and you will be known only in nnniA. Then let me entreat of you, ha a friend ere it is too lute, to think of these thing* ?to look upon your positions at it ia, and make the resolve that you, will make a good name and a place iu this great and fiee government. The Government has guaranteed to you certain rights ani} privileges. In these rights you will he ^rotectqd. Your rights consist in ypur freedom', which is freedom to make your own contracts, to receive the benefit of your own labor, to choose your owu employer, to keep and govern your own families, to educate your children, and to worship God after your own manner. The same powers thdt gave yon these rights' and privileges 1 have imposed upon you certain and new duties, compelling you to labor to sup. ' port your families, to obey the laws of your country, to show respect and cheer ful obedience to your employers, to fulfill and respect all contracts, to hold the marriage tiea as sacred, and to ao conduct ' and deport jouraelves aa to via tbe re spect and confidence of all men. Fulfill 1 then, these requirements, and all will be well, litject them, and your condition will be a f. r worse one than you ever . experienced ,wben in slavery, li ia true that tbere jire aoine bad man that will take advantage of your igporauce and impoae upon you. Some may try to de i fraud you of your wagea, and a few wicked and cowardly enough to.^avenge their losses upon you by violence ; but have patience, and Ore long theae mat tera will regulate themselves. But good , behttviour op jour part will ever gain for you the respeot and protection of all good and just men. Since I have been among you I have discoveied that a majority of you look ' upon your former masters aa your One miea, and upon tbe "Yankees" aa your Tonly friends. in una you are mistaken. | I am from the North, and know well the i feeling that exists there towards the ne. gro. I know that a majority of the Northern people will not willingly eon sent 19 your becoming citizens amongst , them. The Government through a mil. itary necessity, has given yon your freei dom, and in that freedom the*^>eopte of the Nuith will ever protect yon, unless > you become unyrorthy of their protects o. ** The South is your natural homes, and ? Southern men will be your friends. The > majority of you were raised, have grown ? upon the same plantations with your for > mer masters , and I know it to be a fact I It *1 I It... i. m a ?mn.(l>a ?? r % ? viiviw ? ivvnwji ? "j ?"|?mu j | va , isting between you that dees not nor oev' i er can exist between you and the people , of tbe North. If Southern men nre ( jour enemies it ie jour bed behaviour that made them so. Tbe feet is that you Know not bow to eppreeiete tout free dom, end have grcsslj abcted it. Become rcapectful, obedient and boo est to your employers, end you will find tbem fimt in paving the wey for yonr fu lure welfare. To become a prosperous and intelligent people, many of you will have to pursue a far different course from that of tbe past four months of jour fie?dum. It ia true that some have real* heed the responsibilities that freedom lies brought upon them, and have been faithful and obedient to then employers. But men j of you h*\e become impudent, la zy and disrespectful to those to whom you must look for your support. Many are idling and loafing away their time around towns and Camps', while their ram tlies are suffering for food and clothing, and many * without chelter. You alone aro accountable for the sad fate that awaits you. Since I came among you I have learn ed the fact that as a people you have very little regard for the truth. In fact, I have lost all confidence in your veracity, and know not when or whom to believe. I dud that you aro dispcsbdio utter false' hoods when the truth vould answer your purpose far belter... hereafter those coming to me for the purpose of getting justice, in cases be tween themselves and employers, must come with the truth ; if not they must not expect me to assist them in their difficulties. Such lies as you tell are not only impositions upon me, but upon the public, and roust be stopped. I have ascertained that many of you object to the system of written contracts. This is another evidence of your igno ranee of freedom. Written contracts are the only safeguards to free labor.? It is simply the binding of two or more parties to fulfill a voluntary agreement or agreements between themselves and em ployers. These contracts are in no way connected with slavery, but a system adopted by free labor everywhere. IIy making contracts in writing you bind YOlfrSel !/eS tO do certain lalwir ilia ?am? contract obligates your employer to pay you for that labor. A contract is the proof of your agreement, and I advise that you make all agreements io writing, fulfill them to the letter ami the laws wi'l ever aee that you have your rights. For another year adopt this system, and by complying with your agreement you will hav^ bo iroublq in collecting your just dues. It has been reported to mn th'* in some portions of tljie district, Froedmen are holding secret meetings. This is against the laws, and must ho prevented aud any personf holding or participating in auch meetings will be arrested and punished most severely. What the objects of these meetings are I know not, but no good can arise from them, but much harm. I also wish to caution you against one other mutter?t)m i !? ?> ? * "" JfUUI right to vole. You have other and more important matters to attend to now. Nov er agitate this question, hut leave it .for others to settle. In order to vote a man should be educated. You Are not. llAd you that right in your precent situation, it would be a curse to you-?you would be as sp- many tools in the liAnds of bad men and politicians. So-dream not, talk not of things that at this time would be t,o our disadvantage and to your injury. . In conclusion, let rue say that tjiia Cir cular is sent to you /or your good, for your own benefit. Live and govern your selves by it, and ere six months you will thank roe for the advice and instruction contained in it. You roust do for your selves,or I can do, but littlo for you.? The opportunity is now offered you of be coming a great and prosperous people.? In order to accomplish ibis you-must labor, live honestly, uprigbtiy and in the fear of Qod. J. U. BARNKTT, Capt. and Asst. Supt. F. M. D. THE 8TAMP ACT. Ot{E Of THE LAWS OF TI1K UNITED STAlfs. TL,ero are probably not a dozen of the readers of this paper who know the de? tails of the Stamp Act. Yet, there is no law, Sute or National, the provisions of which we more important to the people. Hero are such of its provisions as we think will prove most interesting and iui portent to the reader: SCIIKDULK D. Acknowledgement?of deeds exempt ArriDAVir? Scents in suit or lege] proceedings exempt aorekmknt oh appraisement tor each sheet or piece Of paper on which the samfc is written ? 5 cents ASSIGNMENTS OR TRANSFERS of mortgage, lease or policy of insurance, the same duty as oa the original iualru' meat Of patent right 5 cents Dark Checks, Drafts or Or* j dms, <kc.?at tight or on demand 2 cents BiLLaor Exchange; Inland? j draft or order, payable otb< erwise than at sight or on demand, and any promisory | note whatever, payable on demand or at a umo desig*. nated (except bank notes issued for circulation, and checks made and intended to be, and which shall be, forth w ith presented for payi inent) for a sum not exceed* ingfclQO 5 cents For every additional hundred . dollars, or fractional part thereof ( 5 cents Hills of Lading?of vessels -for ports of the United States or Itrilivli Mnnli A * iklUCilVA QiUIljpi Or receipt of Ooods on any foreign ports 10 cents 1311.1. o* Sai.k?of any vessel, or part thereof, when Ibecooi hiderution does uot. e'ceed live hundred dollars . 5Q cents Exceeding $.r>00 and not ex1 ceediug $1,000 $1,00 Exceeding *1,000, for each $.300, fractional part thereof SO cents _U1 personal property [other *. than ship or vesrel] 5 cents Lioso?personal, for payment of money [see Mortgage. 1 Ollicial $1,00 For indemnifying any person for the payment of any' suU) of inoncv. 1\hero llio 1 ? ultimately recoverable there* upon is 9l,Q00 or less SO cents Where the money re<overa? , Lie exceeds $ 1,01M), for every additional $1,000, or frac tional part thereof 50 cents Hond ? county, city and town ' bonds, railroad and other cor* poration bonds and script, are Buoject to stamp duty. [See Mortgage] Of any description, other than such as are required in legal proceedings, and such as aro uot otherwise charged in this schedule 25 cents CBItHKICATKS-'?Qf deposit to . hank, sum not exceeding one hundred dollars > 2 cents Of deposit in bank, sum exceeding one hundred dollars 5 cents Of slock in an incorporated comnanv 9a . (leneral 5 cents Of a tjiiHlificsiion of a Justice of the Peace . Commissioner of Deeds or Notary Public 5 cents Of search ol records 5 conic That certain papers are on . file 6 cents That certain papers cannot be found 5 cents Of redemption of land sold for taxes > 5 cents Of birth, marriage acd death 6 cents Of qualifications of school teachers 5 cents Of profits on an incorporated company, for a sum not less than ten dollars and notesfeeding lifty dollars 19 cents Exceeding fifty dollars and not exceeding one thousand dollars 25 cents lv*cee<!ir.g one thousand dol- t lars. for ?verr *tMirinn?l nn? , ? j T thousand, or fractional part thereof ,2$ cents Of damage or otherwise, tnd nil other certificates or docm menta issued by any port warden, marine surveyor, or other person acting as such 25 ceots ckhtifiud TRANSCRIPT ?of , judgments, satisfaction of judgments and of all papers recorded or on file 5 cents (N. li.?As a general rule, i every certificate which has, or tuny have, a legal value in any court of law or equity, will require a stamp duty of five ceuls ) Check Draft or Order? For the payment of any suns of money exceeding $10. drawn upon any person ox other than a bank, banket* or trust company, at eight or or on demand 2 centa Contkvct?[See Agreement iWokere 10 cents CoNvrvANcr.?.doed, inatrur ment of writing whereby lands, tenements, or ptbet reality sold shall be convey* ed, the actual value which does not oxceed $500 50 cents Exceeding.$500, and not ex* ceeding $1,000 $1.00 For every additional $500, cr fractional part thereol, in excess of $1,000, 50 canla Enthy?of any goods, wares or merchandize at any custom house, not exceeding $100 in value, 25 cents Exceeding $100 and not ext ceeding $500 in value, 50 cents Exceeding $000 in value, $1.00 F\or the withdrawal of any ? ? goods or merchandize from bonded warehouse, 50 cents GuacKit's liBTCitN-riffor quan lily not exceeding 500 gah Ions, gross, : 10 cents Exceeding 500 gallons, 25 ceuin Pew Kit of Attorney?to sell or transfer stock,.or celled dividends thereon, , 25 cents To vote at an election of in* . to?j.ur?tieu company, . 1U cent* To receive orMSollecl rentes, fij cents To sail, or convey, or reut,or , lens.e real estate, $1.00 For any other purpose, 50 cents Phodavb of Wiu?for letters , of administration, where the value ot both real at.d peri sonal estate does not exceed $2,000, $1.00 For every addiiional $2,000, or fractional part thereof, in excess of $2,000, 50 cents l]onds of executor, ad minis* tratcus. guardians and trust tees, are each subjected to a stamp duty of v ' $1.00 Protest?upon bill note,check, or draft, ?5 cents Promissory Note?[See Bills ' * of Exchange, inland] ,.r A^vuvnm vi, OUI'JCVI IU OnilltJ (July as An original 110(3. * IiKCKiPT-*-(or the payment any sum of money, or debt duo, exceeding $20, or tor the delivery of any property', ? centi Tut st Used?made to secure f a debt to be stamped as a mortgage conveying estate to uses, to be stair ped as a com veyance. > . v WAHsitot'oE Receipt?for any goods, wares or merchandise not otherwise provided for, deposited or stored in any public or private warehouse, not exceeding $a00uu value, 10 certi Exceeding $500, aud not ex* ** ceeding $1,000, 20 cent* Exceeding $1,000, for every [ afi.t;iin..ui Si nnA /? ?uu I fcivru n <|>1.VUV| Ol 11 ?U" tional part thereof, iu excess of $ 1.000, 10 cents For any goods, See., not otherwise provided for, stored or deposited in any public or . private warehouse or yard, 25 cents Whits ?fc Leoal Documents ? writ or other legal process by which any suit is com* nienced in any court of re* cord, either of law or equity, SO cents Writ or original process issued by a court not of re* cord, where the amount claimed is $1Q0 or over, 50 cents Upon every -confession of .. judgment or cognovit fcf $100 or over, except in cases wtoere the tax for a writ has been paid, ' 50 cents Writer other process ap- -< peals frpro justices courts, Or other courts of inferior juris* diction, to a courtof record, 50 cents Warrants of distress, when * t^e amount of rent claimed does n^t exceed $100 ' 25 centi When the amount exceeds $100, * ' 50 cents IsscRANCE-Marine, Inland and Fire. Where the considers tion paid for the insurance, in cash, premium noteaj or both, does not exceed $10, 10 centi Exceeding $10, and uot ex ceeding $50, 50 centi Insurance, Life?when the , amount insured does not ex* ceed $1,000, 25 centi Exceeding $1,000, and not exceeding $5,000, 50 centi Exceeding $6,000, $1.0C UBA8R?oi una* or tenements, where the renlt do not exce?l $300 per annum, 60 cent? Exceeding $300, for each ad- ditional $200, or fractional part thereof, in excess of $300, 50cenu Perpetual, subject to stamp duly as a "conveyance." Clause of guaranty of pay* ment of rent incorporated or indorsed, five cents additional. Mkabukks' Rbturk?if for quantity not exceeding 1,000 bushels, 10 centi Exceeding 1,000 bushels 25 cent) Moktoaok?trust deed, bill of sale, or perronnl bond for the payment of ney exceeding #i00, auC Dot exceeding %i?00, 50 cents Exceeding $500, for every ? additional $500, or fractional part thereof^ in excess of f50C? ' 50 cents PaWSrs' Checks, ? 5 cento Passage Ticket?from the ? '* United States In unu ? ~.v port, costing not inure than (35, 50 cento Costing more than (35, And / not exceeding (50, (1.00 For every additional (50, or ' fractional part thereof, iu ex* cess of (50, (1.00 GENERAL REMARKS. Revenue Stamps may-he used indiscrimi* nulely upon any of the mutters or things enumerated in schedule 1), except propria* tsrjr and playing card stamps, lor which a special use has been provided. ' 1'oslnge stamps cannot be used in pay* meiitof the duty chargeubls on HtsVumeuts. It is the duty of the maker of an instru* ment to aflix and cancel (be stamp thsreop. If he neglects to do so, the party for whose i utte it la made, may stamp it before it i* | used, but io.no cute .can it, be legally used \ without a stump ; nod if used utter thp ' 30lh of July, 18ti4, and used without a stamp, it cannot afterwards be effectually stamp*J. Any failure upon the part of Ilia maker of an instrument to appropriately stamp it, rendcra him liable to a puualty of two hundred dollars. > &uile ure eomuieuced in many States by other processes than writ, viz : summons, warrants, publication, petition, fee, in which case these, at the original process, severally require stamps. Wills ot scirafacias are subject to atamp ( duty us original piccssss*. The jurat of an affidavit, taltsn before a Justice of the I'oace, Notary Public, or ott^ er officer duly authorized to lake affidavits, is held to be a certificate, aud subjact to a stamp duty of 5 cents, except when taken jo suits sr legal proceedings. Certificates of loan iu which there shall sppsar any printed er written evidence of an amount of uieney to be paid on demand Ier at any time designated, are subject te stamp duty as Promissory Notes. Th? ii/nni-tit ..f " 1 , rr-.a.....-Mw vi ? iuui tgajjO 19 HUDjeCl ) to the annie stamp duty as mat imputed upon the original iuslrurneat; that id to , *ay, for every apin ef.flvr jiyndred dollar*, or any fractional part thereof, of the amount secured by the mortgage, at the time of ita aaaiginnent, there must be ultixed u ihti'y or etaiupa, denoting a duty of fifty cent,*. Whed two or mora person* join in the execution of an inatruiueut, the atampa tu wjneb thia iuslrupjeut is iuble under ibo law, (nay be atfjxsd and euuoelled by one of (he parties. lu'couveyancaa of real estate, the (avjr provides tliat the nlamp atlixed must anawer to the value of the estate on iulerest con* No stamp is required on any warrant of attorney accompanying a bond Vr note, when such bood o'r nou hnanftixed thereto the etaup or stamps denoting the duty re* quired, aud whenever uny beud or note in secured by mortgage, but oss lUnp -lety is required on such papers, such stamp du? ty being the bigbost rules required fer sack iohtruuieuts, or either of tbem. In su?t\ esse s note or memorandum of the valn^ or denomination of the atamp aftixeA, I should be mude upou the margin or in the acknowledgement of the instrument which ia not stamped. Niokerson's Hotel, C^ktuiiluai 8. V. THE UNDERSIGNED, HAVING leased the large and COMMODI* OUS BUILDING known as the "Colura> bia Methodist Female College," will open it as a FIRST CLAsS HOTEL, on Se^> teraber 7th. T. S. NICKF.RSON, Proprietor. Sept. 28, 1865-5-10t. i __ To Rent. ? FOR THE. ENSUING rear fljlll |]4 ny two dw oiling houses in lh? fMilH Village of Lancaster. i mBsmm also good WORK SHOP. For particulars j apply to VV. M. Conner*, Esq., my Attor* , aev at Lancaster C. H. ' JAMES M. INGRAM. Sept. IS, 1865.?3-lf Ikr. J. H. lVitlicrgpoon respectfully often liia professional service* to the people of Lancaster villa and aurrounding country, lie can he lound at his office opposite the residence of J. A. liasseltiue, or at 1 the residence of Ids father Col. J. LL 'A' ilherspoon. September 3, 1865.?tf. Jlawonic. ? The regular Communications of Jackson Lodge, No. 63, A.'. F.\ M.\ are held, as formerly, on Thnrnday on or before the Full Moon in every monUi. A prompt attendance of the metubvra ia re* I quested. I ily order of the Ledge. T. a. RIDDLE, Sec'y. Sept 7, 1805.?iai.