Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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(Tljr C fiiqrx. LANCA8TERYHLE. S C. WEDNESDAY MORNING, JULY 25, 18CU j The Work about to Commence. Much interest is doubtless foil by our citizens to know the precise location of the proposed Railroad via laincnster, llishop- , ville, <fcc , and much anxiety is felt to see the Purveyors upon the route. We are j .gr. ci'ied in beino able to state ppon the a., '-.ority of a letter from the President of the N. K. R. R. to Mr. Wm. Stevens, a j member of the committee appointed by the I Sumter Convention to procure a suivey of 1 mo rouie, mai me worn oi survey will be. I gin about the tirst of August. The Engineers will commence at (Charlotte and I the work will progress under the general I supervision of Mr. S. S. Solomons, superintendent Engineer of the North Eastern Railroad. Who Originated the Project? A communication in the Sumter Watchman signed 'JJishopville," upon the matter of the origin of the projected "Central Railroad of South Carolina," ascribes to Messrs. Albeit and William James of Itish* opville, the credit of conceiving this grand enterprise. "Bishopyille" s;iys "it is uniyer sally conceded that Uolh of those gentlemen persisted in urging this matter before the community fur sumt lime. before a serious thought was entertained in connection with it by a single individual." And proposes as a merited compliment to these gentlemen, that the two tirst Engines oti the road be named for them. The Messrs James publish a reply to "Bishopville," and while they agree that the statements of the writer can be abundantly sustained ; (hoy yet express an unwillingness to be individually distinguished ?uuiu uiiiuia, uiju uiBisi niiti ine creuu 01 suggesting the undertaking bo given to Bisthopxille in the aggregate. We are as willing that to the Messrs. James, or to the Uishopville vicinity, should bo awarded this honor, us any other ituiividunl, or section, connected with the en lerprise : but it' an honor is due to theirs/ conceiver,and it is desired that ho, whoever he may be, be made known to the public, we respectfully insist that (lie claims of the gentleman (Jus. Stogner) whose article in rotation-to this project, written two years ago, was published in the last issue of our paper, is entitled to a hearing. The position of Uishopville in the mat* ter has been conspicuous and she is entitled to a very high meed of credit. We have always understood that she was the first to inaugurate a practical movement ; and that the demonstration made by her was facilitated and invited by the position which lain- j caster had already assumed in her determination to build a railroad somewhere. But this, we submit, is not the time to make in- I vidious comparisons. Let us build the road first and discuss this matter afterwards.? All who come up nobly to their duty, even at the eleventh hour, will justly share the honors as well as the profits of the enter, prise. The Presidential Canvass. The result of the Presidential campaign, now inst opening, is the subject of much prophesying and speculation in the political world. The New York Day Hook, which purports to speak from the best information now available, concludes that the election of Breckinridge and Lane by the people is altogether probable. It puts down the following States us sure for this ticket: Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Texas, Arknnsns, Tennessee, Kentucky and California; making 98 electoral votes.? Pennsylvania, New Jersey,Oregon, Missou ri, Lousinna and Deleware, giving 5ri electoral votes, lire set down as probable for Breckinridge and I-ane. The aggregate vote of the above named States is 153. which is barely sufficient to elect: the whole number of electoral votes is 303? ncce&sSjiy to a chqice, 153. All agree, however, that the result is yet exceedingly uncertain. In addition to the above, the States of New York, lAdinnna, f own and Minnesota, nre with in the rnr.go of possibility for the Breckinridge and I.nne ticket. The contest will be between this ticket and the isiack Republican : Boil and Even tt are not likely to carry but the single State of Maryland. Douglass, though having a respectable party in almost every Democratic Slate, according to present indications, will pet-Imps not be able to carry n single one of them. Should there be a failure of the people to elect ? President, the present House of Representatives will have that duty to per form.ench State casting one vote, and a majority of the whole numbor of States being necessary to a choice. The present House is divided politically^ as follows : ? Democratic?Alnhnmn, Arkansas, ('alitor nis. Delnware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Oregon, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia?14 ; Republican?Connecticut, Indian, Iowa, Maine, Mal>??k?,alla M^kU-n Ml*.. SI ... ..??w?i>u>av>voi **? ri.rn - nif, i?l IIIIHnUlU, lie* 1 Jnri)j>ntiire. New Jersey, New York, Ohio, I'onnay luuiiu, Rhode inland, Vermont, YViat-onsitv?16 ; Equuliy Divided?Kentucky. Maryland and North Caroliua?t; American?Tenneaaco?1. it require* 17 vote* to effect a choice, and aa neither the Detnocrata nor Republican* have n eofficienl number, the four laat nauiedStates, will, of course, hold "ihe balance of power."? Should the lloiieo fail to elect a President before the 4th of March, that 'duly will than, mi effect, dat oIve upon the Senate, which has th# election of a Vice-President, who, tinder trie provisions of the Constitution, beeovtae .President of the United States. The Senate is composed of a uia ority of Democrat*. I , + 1 JMfct SB' The New EntdVprise. Our readers are already apprised of the < = fact that u movement is on jloot to build a | new railroad, connecting Charlotte, N. C. ' via Lancaster, Sumter and tho NorMi-eus tqrn railroad with Charleston. It iato.bo 11 called the "Central Railroad of South Caro- 5 linn." The exl.acts below indicate that it ^ is to enter into competition wiili the Blue 1 Ridge Railroad, but we do not see how 11 this is possible ; and we trust that all such e notions may be banished from the minds of I our friends below. Tho "Blue Ridge" is a necessity of itself; and, whilst there can he no possible objection to tho "Central," we s insist ihat they may not be brought into t antagonism. J The above extract we take from the Kro- c icce (Pickens) Courier. The Irietuls of the n "new Enterprise," we are persuade !, dn not ( p desire to set it up in opposition to the Blue , p Ridge Railroad. Wo only claim that the j ( State, by reason of tire construction of this 1 road, will secure advantages to herself aim- l< ilar to those it is expected she will receive J upon the completion of the "Blue Ridge." | .1 We are urging the Construction of the "Central" for the benefits it will confer upon i I the immediate sections through which it ! 'J will pass; the benefits to the State ut large, \ though we believe they will be great, is a i t secondary matter, and sentiment of nntago- j t nisin to the "Blue llidge" is no ingredient ' t of this project. If ties road is built first, | t possibly the necessity of the "Blue Ridge'' j | to the State w ill he lessened ; hut there j i will be room enough for the active inHuence of both projects, for the day has not yet ! come, and never will come, when the people of South Carolina can say that their inter- ! ests are being damaged by the existence of I too many railroads among us. Ours is not a State enterprise. We will ask from the State no greater assistance i than sl.e lias extended to other roads of a local character and it the "Blue Ridge" can j be built with or without fur'lier State aid. the Iriends of the t'Centrnl" will not in a . . 1 t spirit (if antagonism, throw impediments in | the way. The Eastern Districts of South Carolina feel but little interest in the "Blue J Ridge and oilier railroad projects, comparatively remote from us: but we arc not selfish, "lave and let live," is the basis upon which we are willing to meet all seelions in the Stale, situated as we are. Railroad Statistics. t A correspondent of the (,'incinnati (la- 1 zellt, writing from Charleston, South C.iro i ' Una, furnishes that paper with a chapter ' ^ upon the history ami progress of Railroads ' t in this State. We select the following ex- t tracts, which will doubtless prove interesting to our readers : A few rail road items have been furnished me by Col. John Ca'dwoll, President of the South Carolina Rail Rriad. He is as much the Rail Road King ol this State as Krastus Corning is of New York. There are in the State of South Carolina 8"7it miles of rail road in operation, which have been built and equipped at a cost of Sl8,t?U5,000. | The Sooth Carolina Unit It-.mt nn<t its branches tire 242 miles long, and cost over $8,000,000, which has, however, been reduced by earnings to ?7,000,000. Rut it was built when it was not Known how to construct a rail ruad cheaply. Iteost double | what it would to build and < ?|i?ip it now ; n.:.. i i. ?- ' ' |4i11u jet viua iiui ui'i'ii a |?;ij ui^ ru;id lor Ihu j J4 last twenty years It p:?va a net iiicofne of ' i over ten per cent., and its stock cannot ho j ^ bought for lifluen per cei)t. preiniiiii). The Charleston mid Suvaiuii'li Kail Road, j ' connecting Charleston and Savannah is I 13 ! I miles long. It was completed about inn ] rl miles to the Savannah River last April. It | f, strikes the river 13 miles above Savannah, j and passengers over this road are, at the j " present time, conveyed between this point ' and Savannah hy steam boat. The road [ a \ili be finished on the other si.,e of the j j river, down to Savannah, in August, ami | . the bridge in February next. This road j will, when completed, cost about $3,000,- , 1 000. This will be the first rail road in this c Slate built exclusively by slave labor. | t 'I'lie Northeastern Kail Rond, running . ( from Charleston to Florence, was compie* j ted in 1857. It is 108 miles long and, cost $1 tioo.000. The Creenville Rail Road, ronniug from j Columbia in (irceuville, 143 miles, with n branch from Cokesbury to Abbeville, 11 ' miles, and a branch from Kclton to Ander* t son, 9 miles. This road was completed i:i . 1854. Capital stock. $1,429,000. Cost of I construction and equipment. fc3.8uo.ooo.? 1 1 This road has never paid a dividend ; hut is l ' improving. Much of its construction has | < j been from earnings. I ( i lie >v iiiniiigion ami .Manchester Kail I Road running from Kingsville to Wiliuing* ton in North Carolina, is 171 miles long, abqut prji'-half of which is in North Cam- i lina, wan conpleted in 1851. and cost #2, l| 500,000. '1'he Charlotte ani South Carolina Rail > Road, running from Coluinhia to Charlotte, i ' 108 miles, was completed in 185*2, anct.cost V2,ooo,ou0. The Chcraw n<?l Darlington Rail Road, connecting Florence and Clieraw, j* 40 miles long. This road was completed in ' < j 1855, and cost $l,600,0o0. ! ( I The King's Mountain Rail Road, run* j j ning from Cltesterville to Vurkville, 3*2 | miles, was conpleted in 1833, and it cost i ft'2*21,000. !' Alluding to Hie South Carolina Rail- ' road the same writer says ; This is the oldest railroad of any length in this country ; it was commenced in 182$, anil was built and equipped?n portion of < it at least was?in 1830 ; it was coiuplel id . to Hamburg, 130 miles, in 1832, and vus then the longest rail road in the world.? ( This is the first rail road that introduced steam as a propelling power, though there I is s dispute between lite South Carolina \ Rail Road and the Liverpool and Mnm hes- ' ter Rail Road, whica is less than seventy miles long, about the first use of steam. , At the time when the South Carolina i> J ?: j J 4,1 ivuu rvuiut whi prnjeuieu, h was considered an experiment, nn<1 n cliarter could not be i obtained for n rail road to bo worked by ( steam ; bul A charier was finally passed through Ihe legislature fur "A Rail Road 1 or a Canal from Charleston to Hamburg on i | the Savannah river, to be worked by mules," . which wiiii amended by inserting "steam or mulea," btii Mot without some of the rich- I est legislative debating on record. One of; the enlhOtfoUa advoiani?,of the road said 1 "the fail road could be built and worked ' by steam, and that it would carry, when ; completed, an average of *tn passengers , pei day." Whereupon a motion was made , rind seconded to send him to the Insane As- | ylum, then just colhpleied. A few leading I men, some half dozen in number, carried out their project and built the ruil road, and ( thev are entitled to th" eternal gratitude of , this universal Yankee nation, for taking the lead in an enterprise that liae resulted in such inc^|pulablo benefits. i Local 'n. Extra Court. ^ An Extra Tenu of the Court of Com- j ion I'leas for this District convened on londiy morning Inst, his Honor, Judge j ilover, presiding. The leading case open , ^ ipon the docket is that of C. li. Northrop, | I al. Executors, vs. J. F. G. Miltag, el al., I tetter known as the "MeKennn Will Case." i I'll is ease was called on Monday morning ! nd went before Jury No. 1. After objecions from the contestants to two of the j urors, one for cause and the other without a use ; and objection from the |?lHintitTW to 1 * tie of the Juiors without cause, and the | ilaces of theso objectionable jurots sup- ) ilied, the array stood as follows : F. 1). ; ^ ireen, Foreman, Jas. A. Bluckuion. David liltou, John Steele, Littleton llngler, Glass 'aston, Simon Bennette, S. R. l'orter, A. . I. Baker, I .a ban Fergerson, Win. A. Cole, j ohu Hilton. j ' The counsel for the plaintilVs closed on j donday evening, and the defence opened Tuesday morning. It is supposed that the rial of the causa will occupy at least four lays, liesides a large number of w itncss:s, there arc a good many spectators in at- ' endnnee upon the Court ; great interest is txcited in the result of this cause, the pubic leeling luuntng very high against the i A" ill. The Drought , The drought continues to prevail and the i | rops in this immediate section, and in oth- , r portions <>f the District, present a most j ind and deplorable aspect. It has been , tear six weeks since we have had rain to . | rt'ect any good. The weather has been . xceedinglv warm, during the greater part | if this lime, the Mercury representing near j | 100. Three weeks ago, never was there a I , irighter prospect for a large and abun- ( hint yield, indeed, it is said bv some, that ' tn<i I hi* liM'tMallit * ! ill 1 I ?* tl??? oriiuu iMoitxl inve been tin* in nit 1m mi n t i to 1 ever before , iroduced in this District The licit <>! hut- ( >ii) lands almost fail to sustain life. In I , mine portions the tassel is completely kill- ! , d and the blade parched up. I The vanity of man too often leads him j o boast of his future prospects, and it is L lie hand of the All-seeing Uod that checks , ?y sending |lis judgments upon him ? !| A'e should not forget to pay due hoirrtlge ( o i 1 iin in time of plenty, as well as in | line of want. Quarreling over Douglas. i We learn from our New York exchanges | I hat a very excited and stormy discussion j I ook place in a late meeting of the Ileum- I I ratio t.'lub of that eity. Tina Club is eoni- I i Mined of, and conducted by the most intlu- j < nli.il Democrats in the State of New ' ? fork. It seems that a previous meeting ' if the Club had endorsed Douglas' noiiil t i laliuti, when upon reflection and considers- i ion, resolutions w ere oll'eicd, alleging thai j I in* |?ri??r action or me eliih. in endorsing i llr. Douglas, was hasty anil impolitic, and i i letting forth licit the best way in secure < lie victory of the democratic party at the j i nailing election. Was to set aside all local ! I laity considerations, and instead of voting I or cither of the democratic candidates vole 1 , single electoral ticket, the electors being i lamed by the Friends of the two candidates, lid if the vote would not elect Mr. Doug i as, to have it given for Mr. Itrcckiimdge, . 1 aid if it would not elect either, to give it j or dip democratic candidate having lite urgent number of electoral votes in the ither states. The resolutions were adopt' id by a large majority , bit*, finally, agreed o uwuilt the action of the State Com en* j ion, to be heid on the loth Augu-t. Mails and Postmasters. The Southern Christian Advocate says : 'Kvery week brings us in my eompl tints respecting the mails. Wo would remedy \ In* evil, if wo could <lo it. Postmasters ire ofiioors of tiio Government, action for ; .lie pvo|>lt), \\ hcr?jvef 11 people are not well sorted by lliat otlicer, it is ihoir duty j o thenisolves to use their iiilluciuc to have tin) removed and a better put in his place. We have lately made complaint directly to ' the Postmaster General of one whose ne?,* ! eel was made apparent to us, and we fear that it may become our duty to let him tno'v w hat others are doing A Capital Toast. At a Fourth of July celebration in one \ if the paiishes in this Stale the following I lentiuient was offered : Senator Sumner, of Massachusetts.? Kor his disease, the .Medical Faculty pre* cribe the inside of the I'lnu and the out* lide of the Goose. % . _ ^ . Oregon Elections The Democrats have secured n majority in joint ballot in the legislature, and Mr. Shields, Democrat, ih elect oil to Congress >ver Mr. Logan tua Republican competitor. Sad AccidentWe regre; to learn, says I lie Charlotte Whig, that Mr. Cyrus J. Wilson was so seriously injured yesterday by a tall Iroin ? swing litmI his lite was despaired of.? Mi Wilson had erected a swing for bis ;bddren and got in to try it tirei bnnseif, nid while being swung up the rope broke ttid he fell upon his back. Mr. Wilson being a very stout man the effect ol the fall was enough to injure him seriously. [communicated.] u Convention of the Elders And Deaconn if lielhul 1'reshylery will be held at L'lieser on the tirat Thursday in August next, duy.y at 11 o'clock. 8eruions ou the cilices of our Church are ixpeeled by the Her. J. 8. Harris,and Her. IVui It.iuks. Jlrethren arc most earnestly rr quested to iltend. E. K. MIL 1.8, Ch'mn Com For the Lancaster LedgerMr. ElMTOit ? L)bak Sik:?1 nm truly ! roud to congratulate "old Lancaster Dis- j lict" with the prospect of her eontotnpla. cd Railroad. Her citizens have always icen crumped in their mnrch of improve* uents, and her resources have remained unleveloped for the want of those facilities vhich almost annihilates space and distance, lid tilings together places far between obe.es it were, almost neighbors. For two reasons am I rejoiced that a new ra is about to dawn upon Iter bistoiv.? 'irsl, because it will place her iu a position o occupy a "place iu the picture" w ith her leignooritig uistrici*, in uit itgricnlltiral, a | locial, and commercial point of view. Tlie I lecoud reason is to satisfy those who have )een disposed to doubt the ubility and dcerminution of our citizens to build a rail oad. Tell an nnibitioiiH and enterprizing people that they cannot do thus and so ; and | it once you stimulate them to do more than I hey otherwise Would have done. We uive been told by some of our neighborno Districts that we were notable to build i tail road. 1 am rejoiced at the idea that Ae shall and will prove to them that they a ere mistaken in their views. Not only iui I proud that we will have n railroad, tint 1 am proud that ivc will have the ''(treat L'eiitral Kail Road of South Carolina." A road that wiil pay to the stockholders from ' J to 10 per cent on their capital ; a road ' that the sleek wiil be taken up as soon as i Charter is obtained ; it is a road which j will have an unbounded ere jit. (That is, , f it should need money to eoiisumate the j enterprise ) For it is the opinion of every J person that it will he a paying road, it i would have the same effect Willi the coin- I puny in borrowing money, that the iiulus. J try and perseverance of a poor young man i would have in giving him credit to embark I into any cnlei piise. Another, and a very great reason of which I I am proud that our Village and Dintiicl is to have thv "Croat Central Road of South I'.irwlina" to pa?s through it : Because it will huild up Lancaster Village to be one af the greatest inland towns m the Mtate, through which only oile lailroud passes. I win now give nit reasons why 1 come to lIll'M' (/[|IU*1 llhlllllM It Villi lw? t'""!!! !?.. '.? I " "" "*' "" i rumble location around ami below iter. In die lirat plnce, w lien a Charter is obtained lor ibis ro.nl, I snail advocate lor the (Join* jiany to build a Toll Undue across tin? ('a* luwbaitiver. Then, we will yet the cotIon ami trade of the citizens ot Chester from wilnin H cr 10 miles of Chester Vil* aye. There are three advantages 1 .uncus* erville will have over Chestorvtlle, viz : ? lailicasterv ille can have cotton shipped Iroin ter depot to Charleston by the (ire.it ('rural It It I??r 91 00 per bale, while it will :ost .5! "bio be shipped from (.'heslerville to Charleston. Then a innn in 8 or to miles of Cm-niervillo would loose very little more time in hauliny H bales of eotloii I to I.niieanlervdie than lie Would 111 hunliny ' t to Chesterville. 1 will here Ten ark, that ! the distance between these two poidls is 1 sboiit twenty live tuiles, and when he would 1 mute to laincaslervillu his 8 bales of eotloii Would be slopped to Charleston for 96 i less, or 75 cents less per bale. This is not . the only nd v an I aye lailieastei v ille would 1 have over Cliestc rville. It is a black j ick j and post, oak country lor some distance ll.is i aide ol Che* t? rv iiic. 1'lial section ot conn- ! try become* almost impossible in some He a- j sons i?f tlie year, to haul in a wagon more , Hum lb ice or lour bales of cotton, rr.d it is a good road from the Catawba river to a itlnn 8 or | d mile* of Chcalcrville, colli* par.ilivci) speaking. It l* also a good road ' I.oiii the river to Lancnslcrville. Ucshies I these, I.aneaster Mill have nnollicr advan* j tagc ou r Clieaicr, because, upon the naiiic priiu ipie, that Hie Central lt.nl Road will < carry cotton cheaper I ruin l.uncaster In | Chariesloii, it Mill bring goods up to lain- | caster, so lluil i ur iiicrcliiiuis can sell llieiu 1 elieaper tliau Che*ter merchant*. Next, I nnsuiliu thai Lancaster Mill have advantages over Camden. It i am correct* lv it.lot no il by the map, about the distance 1 from Camden to Charleston, it u I4i> miles, ! and llit* ili-iai fc I'ritiii laincuslerville by the Central lt:.il Koud, will be 1 L> 1 unlet. Mo you can perceive that (lie cotton anil produce in ilie Mouth western extremity of lameuster DiMiut, and the North-western extremity o|' Kershaw District Kill be brought to l.aiicaMlcrtille, or carried to the "Great Ceiilnl" near I lunging Rock, over a spu-ndnl gravel ridge road, leading from l.ibtrly Ilitl. 'Tneii their cotton would be nearer Charleston than it would be if it wns hauled to Camden, and a lar belter road. So it can be seen that the Liberty Mill country uiid the South-western corner of this District will receive great udvuuitfges from tins road. It appears us if nature hua allotted for laincaslervillu to be a very considerable place. Now 1 have a word to say to my Fellow Caucus of this District, especially to those who have taken no stock rn this great and praiseworthy enterprise. If the above be facta to which I have adverted, and I do not think they cuu bo gauisayed or controverted. I luiok it ia a matter upon which they should judiciously reflect, and cone up and help us to build the great "Central hull Road" of our own Stale. It will an* aw?r in the place of the great liiue Ridge Road to Ciiurlentoii, when it coinea in com ueciion with Charlotte, N. C. 'J'henit will be I-2U inilea nearer Charleston by the Central Rail Road of Souih Carolina Coin* log front the poinla in Tennessee and Onio, from which Ihu Churlesloniuna expect to draw produce and trade to their city by the way of the JJIne Ridge Rail Road. Thta ia another reason, why thia will be a pay* ing road. Therefore, 1 think thia road ought to stimulate the whole eastern part of thia Slate, Keen use, when thia road ia built, any quantity of Bacon with otner produce will travel it to Churleatou, and hud ila Way into the eastern part of the Slate ; and trout Sautter C. II., it can go either east or ?re?t. Another reason why all ubo are along the f line of this road, together with the eastern I 1< portion oT thin State, ought to be stiipulu- a ted to help l.uild tno road, in from the fact, ti that the eastern portion of our State is be- v hind the western portion in railroad facili- ? ties. I Now to the citizens of Iamcaster District v again. 1 have already assumed that thia ' road would make your Villuge a great in- <t laud town. Well, if it does, you are to be ^ oencniea oy u, irom the loct, thnl the Inr e ger your town in nutde, the more cotnpeti- I lion it will invite. For instance, if we had a a half dozen cotton merchants to bid for t our cotton and other produce, we would " get more for it than we would if there <1 were only one or two. Here is the grand 1 reason why every man and widow lady in t this District ought to lake stock in this ( road, both rich and poor, nccoiding to their f means and the distance fioui the road. For the distance from Camden to Charleston is J 145 miles, and the distance from laincusler. ?_ ville to Charleston by the great Central is t only 151 miles, a distance of six miles t more, and the distance from laincaster to ( Camden is 40 miles. ] iSo it is a very clear point that a cotton I merchant in laincnsterville can give as much I for cotton as they can in Camden, whenev t er the railroad is built. Every person will t admit the fact, if a cotton merchant would i establish himself in Laiifhsterxille to buy a cotton before the rail road wns built, he | would have to buy it icent less per lb. than i the merchants would give in Camden, or x otherwise, he would loose by the operation, t So it is a very clear case, that the man who j takes no stock in the road, wculd mnke two ^ dollars on every bale of cotton he would J j sell, or gel $ cent more per lb., op in other i x words, lie xx ill save hauling his cotton 4U j I miles; ami some persons above Lancaster j 50 miles, and it cost j cent by the pound . to Camden. So you may pill it up either j of the three xvays and he xvill be certain j itini make j cent per lb. more on liin cot* ! ton ami piy out no money. It does appear i to n.e it a railroad is built to Ijmcaslerville ! ' and 1 bad taken no slock in it, when I [ would biing eiglit balea of cotton into I.nn- 1 Lanlerville and aeli it and get the money, I | 1 would feel honorably bound to jr.- to the '' stockholders and aay to them, "gentlemen here is %iltj of your money, lake it, for you j ^ invented your capital in an eiilerpii?e that . j brought facilities to my dooi, by which 1 j made this ?16, ir then I would feel bound g to haul it to t'limden. These nre my aiu* i cere and hoiie-t convictions. i I heard a gentleman in thin District any < not long Hir.ce, w ho had taken three thou* r sand dollars of atock in tlie road,''that he * had been averaging 100 bales of cotton * every year lor some years back, and the in* . terest on me $3000 would pay lor the car- i I >. ' c nngc of bis every year in advance. And j ^ he said, if he "never got any dividends on (| his $3000, he would n>>? loose any thing, hut I | would be well payed bv tiaviug bis cotton'1 | carried oil." lie is wliat I call a rail road ] t mail from tlie deptli of bis hesit. lie is a | I liberal and a public spirited gentleman, and ' I bis purse i.-ralways ojieii to the necessities | ' of the age and ibu general Welfare of Ids J 1 fellow beings, 'l'lits is enough to induce , v nny man in Hie llislrict to take stm-K in , tin-* rouii wliu make* cottun. Fur 1 Ju eon- i ti*ml llmt for every twcnly bales of cotton I a man make*, lie ean take nix hundred ilnl> 1 lar* in tlie mud, and it' lie never yet* n ' dime buck in llic way ol di\idciids he would | make money by it. For tlie hauling of hi? 1 '20 bales would be about the int. lent on hi* $600,?bcnidi, lie would liuie tbc advuntu- j y.-n ii. tlie uj.-ire.ylil. lie would nave ill | tlie single article of tall more than loo per cent. For wlicn a sack ol" nalt i* worth in I utucnstcmlle, without a rail road $3 6(1 and with a mil road, it would only be worth $1.50. Another advantage he would de-i rive, it' he wanted to g>? to any oilier nee* j turn of the country, he could go and return in a few duys. I I have heard it asserted ninee the agitn- ' lion ol a railroad in this district, "that the cotton mail were the men to build the rail ! road." Now 1 want to prove to those who | use this argument that they are very much j mistaken ; lor 1 can Assure them that 'he cotton planter call do belter without Iho I facilities of railroads limn am.' oilier litter i ol' the earth. Suppose the cotton planter | haul* H bales of cotton to Cnmdelt, he get* i i ll) per hale, tliat brings him $320 Me i* ! I gone four days to market with two hand* I i and a team of live mules, they are worth ' per day , that would bring the cotton I ' down ne.t. Theu auppoae corn was very plenty in Una District and only worth | ; from ti'J to 75 ceuta per bushel and in j | Cnmdcn it would coiniuaiad ?1 '25. Such j 1 hua been the caae in thia district w hen abun? | danl crops have been made and ao fur from a railroad. Then w e will auppoae the same team and hands would take GO bushels of corn to Camden, that would bring bun ul ft I '25 per bushel, $75 ; then lake otr the same for hauling and tie only bus #51 in money, w hile Hie cotton planter has $'2'JG netl, for i the same, amount of labor in hauling, i boldly assert the proposition that those who uiiiK.* gi am mm oilier articles o( produce I for sale and a lillle cotton, if any, are llie ! very individual* to lielp to build a railroad. I nay ll*e railroud will be a great mean* ' by which the poor people of our District j | cun uiake money. Take for illustration a poor lndy in our District who uinkea lansey tor sale, she will labor week alter week until eDe haa tuudu up 40 yards of Lniaey.? dliu brings it to Lancasterviile and gels about 30 cent* per yard, which is 9I'd- After taking out lite priee of the cotton and wool, she has about 6 cent* per day for iter labour. Now place Una aauie lady ou a rail road and ahe would uiake 60 dollar* in the sum* length of time by raising poul. try of every description fur sale together With her garden of vegetables,&c. I might go on and enumerate Hundred# of instauoea by whivh money might be made on a rail road. Why is it thai North Carolina and Tennessee are ahead of us in building railroads' j t is from the very facts to 'which I have 1 lUiJtd. They rhnve nseertainod the fact liat it will not do to haul their bacon, corn, heat, &c.,jn the old 99 way. In conclu. ion I think it will be to the interest of this )i*trtct and to the stock-holders of the rhole road torun an air line as near as (irne* icitble from Lnncpsterville to Illshopville, nd in ruuuing it iu that way an eye would iu iiiiu iu uio gtruunu uiivruni ui vnoso oil ach aide of the road, by which we uiight >e able to draw their custom to thin road* >nd I contend that an nir line will have a cadency to draw the trade of Liberty Hill ini Flat Rock more, than if the road had a It-flection to the Left of an air line from jaucaslvr to Bishopville. 1 merely throw hia suggestion out lor the conaideration of nir Lyuch'a creek and eaalem Kerahaw rieodn. This railroad will be the great road in Couth Carolina, and the buildiug of it will omo in conflict with the inlereatsofu great upilal in South Carolina. Therefore, I ?ay, ,hat Charleston, the N. K. K. R. Cornpauy, Clarendon, Sumter, llishopville, Eastern it-rshaw, together with our District and Jhar.'olte, N. C , ought to be as much unicd as possible and strain ervry !??? ? in heir power to the apeedy comminution of his great enterprise. From the progressve railroad spirit iu this Diatrict for the laal lix or eight yea re, I am not afraid to put ortl? the prediction, that v'.e will tuke stock n this road to the urnouut of $'*j0,000 UU vhen the Charter is obtained. It will mid Might to be a matter of pride hi well as ntereat in those dialricts concerned iu this peat project not to let it fail, and by us all lulling our shoulders to ull four of the sheets, i say tile road can be built, and will >e built. J A. CUNNINGHAM. Dispersion of a Gang of Burglars iu Baruwcll. We copy the following frotn the Cuar* esloii Mercury, ol the ltKh : SlIAItl' FkACTICK or CllAKLKSTON Dk< cciivcs.?Gllicer Cuulea, ot ilic tlelec ive police loicca of tills City, Hindu bla ppenmnce Miiioiigst us, on S.tuudny nsl, niter nn absence ot iienrly six weeks, hiring tbnl lime lie hits been doing ;ood service at llainweii C. II. ?h up1 ears tlmi some tituc ngo the ottice ot oliiisoii llngood, Esq.. Mister hi Equity ki kinii jiiavc, wni kjwuicu ItiuuCU Ul iloiier\ and valuables to the amount ot wo thousand dollars. .* uspicion mime [lately fiMleiieii upon certain par lies ol allter vjuestu liable honesty, but Ll?e ale euce ol aii) i riiiuiiiUli'g evidence against ln-in prevented all) steps being lakell HI liil lime towards tiieir prosecution. Mr. lugo<d, lnxii'ier, VHUie ?lowii to this lv, and altcl consulting with the Mayor j i'j?l Chief ol I'oiice, lecuieJ I In? service* ; I detective Coales, to aid iiim ill lis* el'1 { ' ? I oris to ferret oul the g'ulty parties. 1 lio nod j of prucoJure adopted try Mr Coate* km us ingenious as il was successful.? I Msguising lii nsrrif curefuh v, lie entered; I unwed under an assumed name, and ' oeii I 'iiiid an opportunity ol gaining llie ' oididence ol the suspected criminal*. A cry rborl ueijuaiiilaliee convinced bun 1 hat bis new li tends formed a part ol a j uiinemns gang id ncgrotralHckers, \vln>*e ! ipeiatiolis liad lor a '""g time been clan | lesimely earned on. A mild intimation j roiu iiim that Ire was "liard up" and | sauted to 'raise llie w I lid," speedily liew Ir on ibem a suggestion thai lite* ; dion d together break into the store of a Merchant in Barnwell. The arrangeneuts for the robbery were peifected { still the utmost lueclslotl. (Jonte* mem.. * line taking care to keep Mr. llagocd mated hi reference to the iuuv?:ueiil. On v.turdav, the Oh instant, lite night re' ected lor lite burglary, a torce ol well irmed ineit was stationed in lite men teed store, and when the burgiais came Itey inul witb an unexpected warm re a-jitioii, and a number ol ibem were cap' lured. A? t?i, however, no legal evi? ten to bad been obtained of ineir colli Illicit)' in tbe robbery ol llugoods pruoii. lew, excepting; in tbe tact tb.it one ot ibem liad recognized as bis own, a pistol which the intruders had left behind ibem, Hid wlncb (Joules took care to display ,-aiefullv Hi tbeir presence. 1 lie chain of circumstantial evidence which bad been collected w.ts, neverthe less, regarded by tbe citizens ol' Itarnwell us xiitHcieitl to warrant the expulsion of die whole gang, ami, accordingly, a meeting was held, and a summary notice was given ibem to quit, if they would avoid the tender mercies ot Judge Lynch, ft is need leas to add, that they did not disregard the warning. Trie Ecu rat orniicSoir \Vkdsk8dat. ?Ou Wednesday occurred one of tbe Hint iHinarksliU plinuu r\f 11... > i.f the present century, it was to be visible over the northern part ol Africa, the southwest part of Aaia, all Europe, and over the moat of North America. The hue of central eclipse eitenda from the K??l Sea through Northern A(' rica, Spain, the Atlantic Ocean, Labrador and Hudson's Hay to the l'actfic Ocean. On Una line the eclipse will be total for several minutes. Whether a central eclipxe will be total or not depends upon I ho apparent diameter of tbe rnooo, winch increases as the moon approaches the earth. The variation of the sun's apparsnt diameter is but trifling. When the sun's appareol diameter exceeds that of the moon, we have su annular eclipse (from annulut, a ring). lu the present case, however, tbe moon's apparent diameter exceeds that of the sun by a quantity, increasiag with the moon's al> uiuuu, irvilli MAIJ aavcu HI IDOU; Oil? hundred Mcondi. Cape Cbu?it?igh, in Labrador (Ut. 00 degree* nortl<), whither llie American ae tronointcal e*j>t*lnioii baa gone, liee ou or vary naar ilia central hue of the echpae, and accordingly ih? party will enjoy ike rare pieaaure of beholding the total obecuration of ibe aun for aeveral minulee. k'rof. OlmaUad remerka aa follow* in referranee lo an eelipee that occurred iu June, 1809, of wbkb be wu en eye-wit0 ness : "The sky was entirely cloudless, but as the period of lulal obscuration np* pioaehed, a glooiu pervaded all ualure. When the suu was wholly lost sight of, planets and stars came into view ; a fearful pall hung upon the sky, unlike both to night and to twilight, and the temperature ol the air rapidly declining, a sod den chill came over the earth. Kven the animal tribes exhibited tokens ot fear and noitation." o The New Kail Koad Puoject,?We have given to day the toll proceeding* of the 1 Lin I Koad Convention which met at Sumter on tbe 4th instunt. The friends ot this project will see from the statement* made, tliill the prospect of success for the accomplishment of this great undertaking is beyond doubt. The people along the line are determined to build . the road it not nnothet cent is subscribed over and above the $041,U00. The credit of tbe road will unable the Directors to borrow money enough to complete the work. The question was asked in the Convention if the credit of the Districts through which it will pass, w hs not sufficient to obtain the money for its completion. Success to the road we say in as much as it will make Charlotte the De> < pot tor the produce of Wes'ern North Carolina, and having the command, of three iuarket9 it will lake its eoor*e of * the one affording the best prices. In connection, we state that in accordance with the wishes of tbe Sumter Convention a corps of engineers writ bo placed on the road by the 1st of August, Commencing at Charlotte, to make the surveys of the road, under tbe superirt* tendance of Mr. S. S. Solomons, of the North Eastern Rail Road.? Charlotte Whig. [Special Dispatch to the Charleston Courier.! From South America. Nkw Oiu.kanh, July 19.? We hnvo received ?dvices to the 10th instant, from Belize, Honduras, and ltuaun, from which we learn that Gen. Walker and his "fillihuster" followers left Ituatau on the 27lit ultimo, to try (heir fortune* once tuore in Central America. All branches of trade at Belize were dull, and the Yellow Fever was raging. Bun tan has been officially- transferred to Honduras bv Great Britain. This transfer has caused great Consternation among the people of Uuatan, who are determined to resist annexation to Honduras. Civil war is, therefore, imminent. There have been two nrritals to.day at this port from Vera Cruz. They bring nearly ?150,000 in specie. Gen. Wheal, of fillihuster notoriety, comes a passenger from Mexico. I'UACTICAl. KXt'KtllKNCK Is METTF.lt til as EXrEMlMKSr.U. SCIENCE. ?The science of medicine, as practised in hospitals and ktinilic*, by nine tenths of ^ our regular plijsiciai.s, is un experimental 1 science. It liaa no fixed iimmitable principles ; it is not founded on a consistent phi in?optiy. i\ovv, irxnrk llie tlilleri'iifu be. I ween (lit; experimental retnediea cf the proluaaioii, (which even llie great Mujcfuiio declare* fail more frequently lliua I hoy succeed,) Mid llio-.e ot 1'infeMnr llollovvm, it iiutu who hat built up a new ay'stein I' medical Iri-Htmt;lit, ill which, u* we verily believe, there i< imt a siny!.; ll.t.v from it* fuuiid iiitui in it* Kutiiniil. We huVti authentic xluliitica before ti-, which aliuw tiiul the annual eon-umpliuii ol Iiolloway'a i'illa exceed* that of ail lite util erliat'tl preparation* of tne mime clitiot uL , , pre*t-nl before the wurlli. This, ol llaelt, in a country where the opinion ol Die lU.tJoril) ia considered t'liiitleil lo ttupiuino reap? ct, aliould be a aulii. leut warrant of Hiiperioiity. tiui we Imve teen a atill alrtui gor proof of their iiiMtiuutblti properties, in the nh.ipo of H ccpy of the record of rerlificale* nod luatiuiouuil* of euro received j by I'rofesior Hollow.i)', directly nnd j through lui agcula, during the lust five v eaia. The yearly average almoil exceed* belief. It ib upwnrda of "5,000, or more tliiui ta n hundred per day. There m uo . queaUou an to the accuri,cy of thia ataluincut. Moat of the doeuiueiila are auiheii. Ueuled by legal forma, and the i,aiue* of person* distinguished in every department of public lile ligure ill the index to thia ?oluiuinoua hiatory of triuuiplia of a grand diacoVery. There ia no experimenting liera ..Uiilnu .t r.-t .../I I...?-. uiIlL I..--III. j und life. It i* one glorious uninterrupted | march of success, in which all internal disl ea-ics have becll attacked and extinguished. Among tilt) illo>*l common uud latal disease* incident to our clioi.ito, nro those which affect tl|e stomach, the li"er and llio bowel-*. We have aeeti the effect of llollow*}'? Pills in v-MV* wf this nature, aad when we aver that they are it specific, covering all the vunetjes of t|)e?te couiplaiota, we "apeak what we do know." Permit ua, in all kiodoeaa, to recommend all ?yho suffer from bilious disorders, w hether acute or clirouic,to resort at ouco to this remedy.? It is not our wont to obtrude sdviyo on our readers, rmr is such our uitealion uow , but we are so thoroughly vouvinoed ol the uui. lorut efficacy ol these Fills, in every disease that affects the great secretive organs, that wo cnunol forbear giving tbein our earnaat endorsement and recommendation.?N. Y. " Dispatch." THK-MARKKT8 ~ CHAauoTTB, July 17.?Frovtatooa iadull. Flour f 6 and 6+ per barrel. Coru two. paf buahel. Hog Round lie; iUuju, 12 i; Sidea I) and Ili ; Hbouldera, V and 10a. Naw Yobk, Jul/ 20.?The salaa of PpJloo lo-day were IflOO bates, with Uie atari kel quiet and steadier, Wales of I IJJuO bbla. Fluur were elleutcd j Southern quoted 6.4(\ and 6.7b. IV. U. UuoqiU take* Una metby||| 4jj#dV? forming hia nenteroas friends wfcpdra*aia? liberally eilauUed buu their he will he abacol 6 out Lattceeie^Sw lh? a|jsuing four or Weeks, teluru be will be happy Ui resume feaafooai labors. O.Uers, during hia temporary absence, way La left at hia ofhee. , July 25th, i860, If. |i? f I