The Lancaster ledger. (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, November 16, 1859, Image 1
I - flic Caucaster
PK*R A NNfTM Tnrnlo Hi? l'm*-itv KTUIOU V.;!?rv ?: *. >, 3 a 5*1' t rr/ir
' ~* I^IV ^Vii 1^1 vJ ITL His with iIn* HoiHlcr* of ?,j;<,li |>;iit<*ins J J% V V ? ^ V j\ i\\
1 i'flmilg mifo ^alitiral Kfiuspajict?flruntfii ta tijr Jlrts, srirans, littrntorr. tflioration, agriculture, Salmwl Smpruutuirats. /nrrigii aim IDoiar&txc ;iJrui5, mm tl;r ttiarfcrts.
VOLUME VIII. LANCASTER C. II, SOUTH CAROLINA, WEDNESDAY MORNING. NOV, Hi. 1*59. . N U \\ u K n ; u .
tuniniTi nurn 1 r . .* -
iUiLVllvL JjIUIWLL AUUlihSS
BY
HON D. M. BARRINGER.
IIIMTKRU) IHKOHK T1IK MKCKI.KMH KU AUItlCULTURAI.
MOC1KTT, AT cuaHLOTTK, n. c. UCT.
27 tli, 186?J.
Mr. J'resiUrnt, Ludit* ami (jeutlcini und
members of the J/< ckleubury Af/ricullurti/
Hvcictj/ '
[cosci.i'ded from i.a3t wkkk.J
But u.?i? is Hitulliur culture winch I
n\n Biire would ultimately succeed well in i
North Carolina and even in ihis iinmedi
ale section. I refer to the grape ar.d the
making of wine. This is a sort of hob- I
by with me, and 1 regret that 1 have not ,
l-rue to enter more fully into its consido t
ration. There is not a county iu the i
State iu which the grape vine is not in j
digenous. There is, too, a great variety, j
Your own Catawba is becoming known
over the world, and the Scuppeniong has 1
been famous since the first settlement of
he State both for the table and for wine. |
In the American Association for tl>e ad
vancemeut of Science, I heard Dr. Jack' j
son, the eminent Chemist and learned
Professor, of Boston, who has often vi-ited
our State, assert that the day would j
come when there would be manufactured
from the Scuppernong of North Carolina
as fine a wine a* the celebrated Tokay |
of Hungary, it is already made though i
not in the most extensive or skillful way |
W ?v?? ivq ^ vvtiQiun mm imu |?il'|iOi U?^, :
but in largo quantities and sold at the '
North to make ami adu ternte what is I
bought and drank here as "/"Vcn A" btan
dies and oilier vile o >neo-ti<>ifc. A re !
cent analysis of the Scupperuong from !
(Ins State at the Patent Ollke, to test its
saccharine qualities, has shown its equal
in this respect to lite boat French < rapes
which ontain '20 per cent, o! saccharine
inatier. And it is well known to he one (
of the most hardy of vines Mtid wonder
fully productive, growing to an immense
a ze and covering a large space of ground.
A gentleman receutly told iiio that tie
knew of three hundred ga Ions of wine
m ide this \e ir from four tines. We
t. ..... ..... .1."- r...t^n.. ... r .<
iwwj who t ouuttt<4, iii x^My/'yrc virrtpc,
*<>114 knotvu and appreciated a- excellent
lor llm tibie or a ine.
I'll.) grape will grow well where Indian
? o n iisi-l Melons arid Tomatoes and Mini
lar producliot s thrive best, and we are
jnst in ilie latiiu le most congenial to is ,
growli. Kxoeriei.c and culture would, 1
doubt less, improve our native vines of all (
Winds, aud 6u ibie us to produce oilier and
belief varieties than are yot known among
?! >. In this re-p ot. we would in the l-'tii
ted S ites have an important advantage
ovei Kurope in the end. For it is a re
maikable fact that none of the test vines
of Knrnpe are natives of that continent, 1
but were brought from the Hast, originally
from Palestine, the land of the vine
ami the tig,?anil perfecle I afterwards,
Sy a .-kil.ful and assiduous culture.
It is one ? f the great wonders of na |
in e, th<s improvement of vegetation 1?) (
a skillful and well-directed culture uu !
cultar ad tntation to dim..to nu l to soil.
Your Wheat, a if re it staple through
out the civiiizcd worh], and valued iti the
United Sifttes Annually, by hundreds of
iniIlioriH of dollars, was once a wild grass
on the coast of the Mediterranean. In a
girdeii or a field prepared for it< proper
growth and maturity, it has become as
you all know, the "stall* of life." The
Potato, which now feeds hundreds of
millions of human beings was once a
worthless, bitte-, stringy, fiborus root
in Chili, on the coast of the Puci*
die. Ami Cotton?Kiny Cotton?which
now governs the commercial world, was
known in the days of Herodotus and
Pliny, as producing a woo) like substance,
of little or no value in commerce or m in
nfactuns, abort and ailkv, like the down
on the <2u'nC3> for which reason it was
firm called lr. Italy, "Cutoyni," and hence
our name of ''Cotton." I once plucked
? off in the month of February, (and have
it still in my possession ) a handfull f
open howl* of Coiltou from a field near
the ruins of Pompeii, where it had been
s >wn broadcast, as is the custom there.?
Hut with all the advantages of rich vol
oanic ground i?t ihe base of Vesuvius, a
garden like jtrf paratinn of the soil and a
<yx*t delicate culture, with the bright sky
of Naples to warm it, it did not pro luce
a wool to Ihj c mipared in fineness or
beauty to tbo American Cotton. It wan
ted ( ur climate aud our knowledge of its
appropriati cultivation an I adaptation to
Lho ?c:l. These references are inadc to
show how very much the Grape and a i
other vegetation may he affected and
modified and improved by reasons of eli
mate and soil and peculiarity of culture.
The Grape, of all other fruits, is roost susceptible
of this alteration in ita nature.
"ft may be said 'hat the culture of the
Grape 1a a new thing?an experiment as
yet with us. Ho once were Cotton, and
Kice and Tobacco, and many other pro
ducts 'hat arq paw Guiding their thou
sands of dollars to their successful cuttivai
tors. Rvciy thing in an improved Agri
culture, as in a|l other pursuits, must
have a bepinuing, and it is very easy ami
very cheap to try the experiment, if, indeed,
it cad be so called ?? a country al
ready making hundreds of thousands of
gallons of wine.
It Is the roost certain and fruitful of
crops. The vjne liyes to a very great age,
even hundred- of years, and there is no
part of it that may not aud U not, in wine
making countries, adapted to, some useful
purpose. If you say, it will out pay to
cultivate the " ?pe and make wine. I re.
plv ihni ?-xr?er?-nc? elm** (he conUfirv.
In France, where the culture h*? Ueine<i
the highest p?i faction vet kMWt, the ?*,
;r?ge ProdA<;t p ucfe, I. nearly five h??T
vk.M Sti H'+T- ' "? - -
<lred gallons; at 10 outs or 1'2 <ents per I
gallon, (ami it wouidbe worth wore than <
five times that, at prdent-, in ourcountry)
the average value of lie product per arm i
would be mure than fifty dollars. It is
stated on the best authority that the
' quantity of wine annually iroducvd in I
Franco amounts at mi avenge to a bil I
lion, ope hundred millions of rations and <
its va' ie is not less than tvo hundred
million* of dollars. More ilia three mil- i
bona of persons are employed in its pro
duclioti ami about Ibrec bumreil thous i
and wine sellers." Similar oinparalive
statistics might be presents froin the
wine growing countries of Gemany, Italy 1
and Spain. In the grape gowing and
wine producing countries of I nope, and
indeed, of the world, it is an tlinost universal
food nnd drink of the pople. l'ere
wine is the cheapest, ami wild good, the
healthiest of drinks. It is in tuny conn
tries, nearly as cheap as wahr, nnd ia
use.I ss wo would milk,or as substitute,
even, for water it.-eif, as a murislimont
and not as a tnere bev 'rage. Yhe poa>
ant ba win r.t everv meal and i1 is a
part of ins dvlv foo l. It is i fact well
known in his history, contlrm?d with me
by the fullest observation, tlia. I'to people
of v. inn producing countries ar? lie most
tenipeiate in the world. 1 am convinced
titat the absence of the gr ipt culture is
one 01 tho chief isiiscs of tin great i a- I
poind sin of Intemperance. In a resi
deuce of nearly live year* in Europe, I I
have very rarely seen a drunken ] < fson,
MII<T0 WII10 18 ii cc>ltllli<>11 tlMllli, ; till 00r
liiinly never on tlm pur.- juice of t'.io gr ape
however large. on 1 gay and j ?v(nl might
be t)?? crowd of pe p j. < >i; the Coiili
nent. it is, in gcuorsl, a c.cial ding race to
be drink, and the victim of t(ii> vice is ox
clu led from uocie'y. I; is a source of regret
to *av tlint in old mother Knglaiid,
our Anglo-Saxon father I m l. thorn :iro
plenty of liard drinkers. I be'ieve the
general cultivation of tl win" would
Worth morn tlian all the M tino Lqii>r
Laws in tli * world, to prevent and remove
from the Amercnti people the direful ovii.*
of I lllclllpt'l HIIC-! I roj-i'o.* I o k'liow tliHl
it is beginning loatti icl ?o much nl pub
lie allenlioii. In ttewgiu, Mis*' mi an !
Ohio and in otln-r S-a'.-. wine i- ahead\
made in very coiisideiah e ,j ian;i'i?s, with
t'.ie ui"?t profitable results mid often of
excellent quality. And N. C. < ?n lu* and
ought to be and on.* dnv wi 1 b?i made
the best wine Slate in the I'liion. And
what a bright and |?r?.*j#*,i *ns day will u
lie, when it comes, f>r our good f? >1 S'. it*.-!
Il has been ns trni\ h* buaulifullv said,
that 'from the remotest records of antiquity,
tho vino has been celebrated us the
typo of plenty and the s\ inhol of h ippi
in**' and it is tliu crowning g "ry of tfie
de-erption of the peaceful and il <urish;iig
s. it? of the kingdom of l>ri?l, in the reign
of Solomon, that 'Judali mid Israel dwelt
safely, every man under his vine and un*
der his fig tree." I do not entertain a
doubt that /mrr un I nutire wine in con
mo:i iise among us and rhtxnt. as i' w u d
he if made hy ourselves, would l>? * great
I ! -?*-inir, ini>r:i!, religious, social, intellect
ual, physical ami by reason of all these,
civil ami political. Besides being ?n an
till >to to general intemperance, r. won!!
1 p-event in a great degree, the vile ami
wicked adulter ttioti ami poisonous minors
1 which are yearly destroy ing thousands of
I our people, impoverishing their families
blackening the catalogue of infamy ami
I crime ami I ringing *i?I I'nu olln r mnuiuer.
aloe, direful cal unities of tin* great, lids
i widespread, tins foaifui v.-e, in its liain.
It is iho "mixed* wines tli it we drink and
I to excess, ami strongly *:iii\ed" at tl.al;
i the "mixed" wines I S? ! .iiiua, ami l!io
| wines "full of mixture'' of l>avid, ' thu
dregs thereof, all tlie wicked of the w? il l
! shall wring the in out, and drink litem
I against which the t* rrib!o woes o! the
Bible are >-o repeated!; and solemnly uttered
by the sacred voice of inspiration.?
I wish I had time to say more on this
I su'-ject, so lull of interest to our whole
? people. With my convictions of its im.
p>rtat.ce 1 could not say less, and I shall
he fully satisfied and rewarded if what
! I h ?ve so imperfectly said, shall induce
i one man, though 1 wish there wore thou
sau.is, to "dwell under his vine," oi add a
single mils to the growing interest of a
1 uill.l.tOt OA ivrotma ( I iOll'i rASillla Iiiili.i.ioitt
lo the wealth and welfare of our conn
try.
Hut, g< nlleinen, theie are oilier ?ul><
, to which ! ought not In fail to direct
your alit-ntion nu an occasion like this !
The art or rather science of agriculture is
a progressive pursuit. We are told every
, day that this is the age ofprogress, in all
things ; and it is eminently so, in science
( and art. The striking characleristic of
sconce, in our time, is its qenrra! adaptation
lo the wants, the uses, fh mm for It,
, and happiness of mankind. It is eminently
utilitarian Science is n longer
confined to this closet ; or enveloped in
the abstractions of a int ?tei imi? and hid
den and Mack lettered philosophy. Steam
arid electricity and all the beAutifnl, the
Hiblmte processes wliiclt modern art lias
discovered are hut so many means to
subserve our neceanitie-i and add to the
wealth, the pleasure, the happiue?? of
1 mankind.
t And in no department of life and of
progiess, has modem science done more,
especially in the I vet quarter of a century
for the .hie', the mart important pursuit
ol the human race, than agricultural
chemistry, liow much does modern ag.
ricultute own to the efforts of Sir Humphrey
Davy and Saussute, and Sprongel,
and many others; almost equally distinguished,
and more especially in recent
veam, to the splendid genius, the acute
philosophy, the wonderfully attractive
, knowledge of LmVig, who has done mora
1 then all his illustrious predecessors, to
lablish agricultural science and the nhiios
[?|?liv of tillage on a sure Hud enlightunu ;
basis. How recent has been 'lie origii
it agricultural schools ami colleges hik
y?t how nuinerons they have become
with a prospect of their rapid multiplies
lion, in Kuiope and even in the Unite*
States ! Kvery traveler, who was inter
sated to observe, must have seen how ag
riculluic i> most successful and prosper
mis in those countries of Kurupe when
this nnpcriant knowledge of agricuhura
chemistry is most appreciated and pro
mot. <1 by institution* of learning (<>r lb a
purpose. In aii (iurmanv, lltey abound
i >n? ot' ibo lirst ami best was eslablisliei
at llolwvl.ii) Switzerland, near Berne
and to the credit of the sex, be it knowi
tiiat the idea of its foundation was lirs
suggested bv a patriotic and noble Moth
er to her son, who became its distinguish
ud principal and director. Franco is
< vei y where, divided into agriculture
schools, with a national agricultural In
stitute it Versailles, for their head. Kn?
1 mil has similar institutions : ntnl such 1
i he importance attached to agriculture ii
tii it kingdom, that in 1793, a "Hoard a
Aitricitlturc' w is created by the govern
muni and it has boon truly said tint "l
e.*:t.'iblisiitnent m. re th m to any otlu
iiiovv>n..'iil of thai day, England is in lei
te?l tor the pri << nt h oh an 1 prosperou
stale ol her agriculture." In most of tii
schools to which 1 have referred, the ii
slruction ia gratuitous and farms are a
tai'hed and comitate a part of the estal
lishni 'ttt. In one of them near the Khin
m Nassua.the students pimur their liter)
r? and .-cieiitilio labors in the winter, an
m the summer they are pitl out to goo
fanners at steady work, hi the cotiu'r
whivh n.igbl, Onraibiy, be a very goo
plan with iis, ;*. nigh I d*>uht whether
w. u' l I*-. ve?v w. 1 I., .shed < r a*|dl
in-/, s,*!f reliant and inli wtable friend
the " )roun>j .\1nrrirnu3" of this counlr
\V<- have eniiiparativelv few agrii ulturi
Sl'llOnls, founded oil H separate Hll'l ill
tinct organiz ?i ion. Wuli us, in Anionic
the fnshii li lias bfleli, with a few vxce|
liens. among which i ought ui refer i
the "Agricultural College" of Marxian
inaugurated a few weeks since uiuler ll
nu?t ll iltcring auspices, to have tli
knowledge of Chemistry ami the anal
sis et . iiU taught by Professors ill exis
in,; I 'nivor?iti?n ami colleges, in conjun
; n with other branches of science tin
learning. It is a knowledge that >vi^l
to be all'.'. III. re Widely il.ftllseil ami I
elements taught even in our Cotniiu
Schools. F.?r however tauglit or obtai
ed, this knowledge is now .id 111 itluil 1
ad fanners to he of the utmost imjiortau
to the .successful prosecution <>f their a
I ricti11innI pursuit*. Vegetal ion in agre
iiivmi rv. Wliv d<>es the grass gi,,iv ?>i
tree si loot loriii its branches .' what g;v
tin- myriad sii ipes and coli>rs and hea
I ins of form to tlio plant ? ()r w hy do
the mini-real in the earth dissolve and d
inieofiie and torin the noil whine, bv tl
hand of man is iiindelo feed him f Mn
(lie daw n of science and learning, phiiut
ib v has endeavored to procure and d
I ncminate a knowledge of the soils ?
the fundamental ihwr of natuiu and b
subtle, ami beautiful process?of li
growth i f |>1 iiits ami their thousand c<>i
biiiHtior.s and changes, of the inlltienee
light and heat, and moisture ami air ;
the food of plants, whether derived fro
the earth or the atmosphere ; of the bn
of tlm one o?r the gassen of the other,
the ditli-reticc of the soil, ot the mlluen
j *?i vtuicii inahCi) H 8DOI II) I
I arid nnd sterile sand ot the desert, ov
I un<lu; a lien sun ami scorching win.i
| how vegetation must he f?*<l as much
iiiim d hie, is similar systems, llio' w i
<1 Heroni agencies, exists in both f?r t
supply of tho.I ? how in vegetable as
aniiii.il life, "iikc begets lik.*," and y
how by intermixture and by cullivati.
by d'HVrcncfc < )' climate or of soil or i
changes of holh, (lie offspring ol the o
I and the product of the other may
modified- improved or deteriorated wit
out destroying the origins! character
either?the laws of nature being lixed
uniform and universal and though \
may modify, you can never radical
change her mvstorious hut certain opei
lions and results. How sublime?h<
hen.dice.nl the ordor of Providence, tl
the storms and the lightning?the fr.
: ti<i i"c simw- an 1110 sectssitudes
the elements even the drought and t
rains of \viiii:li farmers so often and
ungratefully complaitt fU for somo go
nnil useful end in the well <
dered laboratory?(Imperfect an t allw
economy of nature Modern Science ii
done more, in llio last oO years than \v
accomplished in *1' previous lime, '.o sol
these gieal mysteries? to give proper a
efficient direction to our labor and ein
gics and to enable us to make a judicio
use of oui knowledge in endeavoring
ascertain by expel iincnt and inducli
what may enrich tho soii?and increr
its yield; and to inculcate a generc
spirit for the extension of all knowled
beneficial to mankind. Agrlcullui
Chemistry investigate* into the eh int-i
??f vegetable life and the nature of so
It collects physical fsctasiid tries to ina
I (rue philosophical deductions Iroin the
It teaches the (rue philosophy of nati
herself?her law* ? her beauties?I
i Umnties aim bemficence. Formerly,
Agriculture eveiything was done accoi
ing, to the usage and custom of farm*
"Stare decisis" was the rule, as the lu
yera say :?but as in the law nothing
valid thai doea not viand on reason,
now too, farmers must and do !*?giri
enquire into the reason of things and e
ploy the knowledge which enlightens t
no* and art ao abundantly give. Var
an ancient Roman writor, long ago, sn
with a a much tr.th a* gravity what i
l>r *?f ?: h, - ?d
I ,
plies ns weli to otir <lay as liis, that the li
nature I is si wn l>ut two pahs wilich <i
load to a knowledge ot laituitig?c.\ i* r I - d
once and imitation. Farmers, hithcilo, c
by experiments have establish*- 1 many h
'maxims, ar.d their pokloiity geuoiaiit im li
itato them : but wo ou^ht not o?i\ i111: v
tale others, l>nt make oxpeiimon'R our I
selves, not directed bv chance bnt i>v i. I
son." There aro many farmers even at 11
b ill is lime of day, who act onlv njion ron a
I firmed prejudices, and because their fa- <1
I hers did ? > before lliein ? and theie aie :i
l others who, still worse, are governed l>y i
i. the most absurd and superstitious ideas, i
1 w.deli are as ditlicult to remove as their n
: mere prejudices. Tltero can, in fact. be t
i no improvement without expetiinen . id i
t how important is the discovery of even ?
. the slightest elementary principle in the >:
sublime ai <1 perfect system of the I nii,
I verso ! I i
.1 There is another suggestion, gentlo- i
i men, which I desire to make and enforce
; in tliia coimeciion. Our farmers must not i
only endeavor to become enlightened by j .
a whatever a true science can U acli, as *p !
>/' plicablu to their particular pursuit in life, i
i | ?but they ought to educate their chil l
0 i ifrt'i to Income farmers. An I more ?>f i
r <"ir educnttd mm ought to be?. ine tillers |
, of the soil, and give agrioufttire, their ? * i
s juriol attention. And wtii/ should they I '
e not * Next to that of the tacied desk, ! I
1 j no profession can jtisliv claim a higher I
I. I rank and dignit) in tlm wstimalion of ' 1
i l good men. The practice <>f (Jouiuierco 1 |
e ' and trade is the most precarious of pur I
, *11.! ? An iliiliu.nu.. ? ?!? .A
d who follow it, t ul in their i (Torts to amass
<1 j fortunes or even a competence. Our
j learned profession# are being over row(I
1 ded ami unprofitable to maty ; ami wilt
all know that politicians are plenty an
r blackberries am! many of litem less use
#, Jul than tliis homely fruit. There is no
v. danger of having too many hirniot*?no
?1 man lias a right in justice U> Initio f or
s other# to In- idle ami a drone, or, to iim*
*, the more modern plirasn Oijuai'y well un>
iKrstoi.il,a "i infer" in the community
lo Tanning is the best bustAess ' lor most
J ?and surest for ail. Tho field of Agriie
culture is wide enough for the exorcise of
in all our faculties hikI talents an i tempers
v- , ?moral, mental at.,I phyticth It is the >
t- most ancient as well as it mono the most
c honorable of pursuits, br^n in the hoav
it| enly luxury ami angelic inuoceuci- of
it lvlen?where every tree i?ii-w that wa*
is p easant to the sight and good lot toOil,
>n Adam was placed by the l<or<i to Juts
it H4>1 <s> Aiii> it " We ail know the mi-ted
iy historic# pi hts Sous and ol A brail an of
co Isaac?and ot.laeo ot tl<w> i .1 i
^ * i i?, r .
a slleppon r. out
it li_' trie .ill.- " i
fH [ ? ? \\
u A. 111
es Uit>, i _,% .
is- our admiration, .
JO might la! added ill it of Hi-- j . .. >
co hratcd statesman, Senator an -1 I'h.loso.in
|> 1?cr Oato who wrote one of the best,
is- hoi^l s, of any time, on lani.inir. All Ins
of lory shows that the naives of the Kirtli,
or in the periods ot tlie r gioalest glors and
ie power, hivo always been the, most agii
n cultural. The history of Agriculture is
of the history of the maid. c f progress?jo
of linemen', ai tl civilisation. \\ hell it is
in negli-oUti or depreciated tin: human
iso mind retrogrades and munk'iid are not
of onlv less refined I 'i' ! --s hvttial. I' i!
co the cultivation f the tar h most favor
lie al>!o to the (1 ve ipc-mont an ' expan-lor.
e:i of '.he Intellect?iusj res a high .sense f
s ; moral <?uty and old git >n ? ol trull, ai d
as justice?and inculcates a fervent?pure
ill . and exalted devotion. it is the most
lie necessary and useful ol the avocations of
in ' iiitii. \\ hnlevcr the change in tin* social
ft, | ?or political world, unti nature li?*i?olt'
n, | is changed the tilhig<- thu ground, to
:>v some extent or oilier, m ist g<> on. Every
ne thing depends on it, j>. !i'i rxl and social
he order, the learned prole-si ns?commerce
h ?manufactures?the rm haiitc arts and,
of indeed, there ran ho no healthful orgnni
- zation of society <>r encouragement to its
rm improvement, except mi toe hasi* of a
iy cullivatluu of the Ivu'.li. Ami yet all
a < are miiiualiy dopcnd.U on each other
>w the divine?the doctor?the lawytr?the
uti merchant (lie mechanic -the inanufaclu
;>?t rer?the shipper?the firmer himself ?
of 1 lie various interest-. "I society ate linked
he together ? and are made to support and
ho sustain each other.
od There will always If, t<> some extent,
sr I absurd prejudices of on. cla-s against aniso
other. Hut he cm never he a true pntrius
' ot?hut always, an ciictnv to his country
as and her best interests, who en leavors to
vo i array the poor against the rich ?or the
ml rich against the poor ?or any one class
er of society against another, tn a country
ins !?ke ours w hen all h ? t ! thor is honora
to hie ?when the poor and humblest may
on , attain ibo highest d -tinction and the
ise greatest wealth? and where, thank (rod,
nis and the wisdom which e tablished and so
ge cured our liberties; we hrtvo no "ranks"
ral in society and none l>nt the true nobiiitv
iln 1 of nature and of worth. ! * a striking
In. fact in the liitlorv <>f nations and especial
ke lv ?>f the free, that the men who have
in. controlled tlio destining of empire havo
re generally Ikh-ii born and raided m the
ler country ? beyond the tciuptntiona and
in corrupting tendencies of large Cities, in
rd- which there is :? constant tendency to ho*rn.
man degeneracy, arrested only by an inw
cessaht and nter fresh inftt?inn of popul*
r In tiori from tho f'our.try, the never failing
no source from which they rau?t ha repiento
ished.
m- The rural district* always have, and al"
ici- ways will rule thin great country. Die
ro, live* of our own great men, strikingly
iid, illustrated thin troth. Our Washington,
p- Jetlcfhoii, Madison, Jackson, day, OalI
? " s" ? <*??- ' * ce j mm
mm itini Webster, ami :i bright ^.t!.ix\
f other eminent tll'lie-, I f lliO ! i V i I * Lf 'ill !
eu<J, were uI! reared in the retirement of
ountrv life and seenes, ami when Imi of
r.nors and of fame, -still I??\ed timir rural
oiiuk wnere tlmy were proud to live ami
rislied to die. it is woil that it shou',1
10 i). It is to the country wo iiihv salelv
i"k fur all those 11<i|*!*>' and expanding
ullueiccs 011 the character?its energies
ti l aliccli jiis, the iniii.Is, hearts and !?>
lies which lit men to !? good citizens of
, great liepublic. \\ Into Agricultural
ifo tends to localize our nl'.'ectior.s ?n 1
nako one love the soil he owns himself,
is almost any one inav do here, and at
he same time increases and enlarges our
latrioiism, and makes us ever ready to
lefeiid and to die, ,f iiccessari, lor otn
oimlrv, our homes and our firesides.
It i> the proud privilege of tin- fanners
n the cultivation of the soil, an appropti
lie work for man, to restore the fruitful
less and virgin hcaufv of 'he ground
.\hich was cursed for his d'?oh. dioneo.
\s the tendency of such a life i< to make
letter men, and women and heller child
en, l ow potent must be its ejlicaey, when
lie exigence inav re.pme it, Ui stein at
l* very source the tide of cmriipti'n and
a ihtieal degeneracy, hy the metal and
religious inlhieiici ^ an 1 ofty patriotism
which adoin and dignifv the home oft!
farmer. He is neither timid or eoirup'i
Lilt*, or timeserving, and, with a proper
intelligence, he becomes the surest s d'e
guard of liberty, ami is best titled to ] r
form all the duties of a freeman, fi.r
erailv content with mo leration an ! a
coiupi-lciil independence, he is more a;.'
to be flee fioin that ci nsum i g at : 1
^ia<lincj itrnrice, which is, I h at, t- rrin
iti>_T a prevalent evil in tin* nation. 'I "
Ifain h competence, li s is the most Certain
ot' human ptii-nits. il"p?Muiiii<! i n (?> i nn?!
the scahciib, ami ic?t> ?. ti the piito n
ol man than aii\ other. "lie
in faith ami reaps i:i j v, at; : m> y ? .
in ever) thing." li- i.- ever grateful t"
liim w ho "crow netl tl . \ car ? :'
Pet*, an 1 make h tlm ch.mls i .V p th :
fatness"?who tnakcth 'V "Kurth very
pletveous" ntul tin "vallev* tof.*.nn<l
with t i>mi. ami the li t a l.ii's to reject
on every Mile."
Kthtrate your children then, ami < >iu
cute more ul your sons to iit't in tin o <.?
try ami become furmcrs- iiittiLi/int
xkilljnl l iim. r.>, able tilt the i-.ir
ami to hxrjt '.I. I ?Jo li it :i (.nil that lie \
dhoilUl he I'rofeSiOr* or l^eci urers n fat
lll.l.e al?li lie Si ll 11' e ! \ 1'
Mere theory's, ho we-. va'*- *1
know1. (. ) " ...
'?( e U i. II > * ii .le. . .
"(|i?C ol tile hldim-.v. ii
no to bo engage,,?kn
, a great ileal about m.
i .ii?the iptali'.ies <>l the j
iliHclliea o! the ?ri,
* to in..!; "two blades of urns
?ii w w ticto bill one grow bi fori'"?0
know :ntir>h of nature and her iiimiu'al
laws. Lft a sound practical jinigmen
I o nmi?*te?l by an intelligent u?e tin
Know ledge w lii? li u wv.i i ducat**<1 M
well intorinc.1 nr.i.il alone cai. give. L?
l Weil dunlcd C'milii'm Si usi bo tin' la .
ot it'll HctiUll, lis it la tlni toUliilii'.ii U of .
success, whether in Agruultun; < ! M<
cliani-.ni, in the learned j rofessi t.s, u
llie battle field. or the Cabinet, in Stn'.-?
tint' 1 p i.iul diplomacy. tio.itw in .
conceive, but talent, ami Know loo a r
sou in I counnoti it usi in tii i < xecue an
lend t<> that success which it tin- nin1!
an J most ililaiiibld lest of tiuoab...ty i
whatever department u! lito. I lie gun
want of a Kcpuhiic, is, puic am) j,wo
men, Statesmen, who can dare to il
light anil have the contain to rise, wInJut)
r. n lir. - it, abo\e tin n.'-rc ; rvjud
f.-f of p?rty, :nii! p. rform it, r^gardlcs
coiisomieni t"t to themselves, with >nt t
ward or the hope "f reward fiom lite vi;
and debasing struggle for ' Mliee which
< much marks (be present period in on
history, bv whteh so many expect to . \
ami get their dally bread, ami H-urnst
main fail in tlie inglorious . tempt, [!.;
ui-n:?atc passion lor place an . its emu!:
men's, which if unchecked, will ?o stir*
ami so rapidly "accelerate our dowi.w.u
c:?r??*r as a free people. liaised to lab'
myself, at.il to respect it-1 honest on-re
, in all the callings of life, 1 am alwai
rc.ely to honor an 1 dignify it. I? is <>i
doty here, in the South especially, t<> <
so, and correct that talse and inischievoi
notion so prevalent at the Noith at.
hast, thai labor is nol honorable al '.1
South ; an opinion which ail of its knu
to he untrue. Agriculture must alwn
he the great pursuit o| this out.try, at
especially ot the South. And what
noble?inviting country for its fu ci v
What high motive* for its improvement
What a soil, and climate and variety i
production*. lluw mighty is to be ll
future development of this great nat'u
bv Agricultural and Mechanical iudusti
ll docs nut take ceiiiutus of ptugr.
here, as it ha? done in lite old world,
. attain excellence in all the aits of civiliz
lion. We commence, as it were, t!
race of prog rem with all the wisJotn ai
experience of past ages to assist and ?
lad us. Willi our youth and ererjj
with a population of thir?v millions, ti
ing the va?t area between the two <?rc
ocean* dl the world, and inCreasm .
i the rate of 87 per. cent, hi every deon
of our national existence-?-with aim.
evefy whore, an inviting soil, capable
) every variety of production, and, ill ilia
portion* of the Confeileracv. sol! of vir
fertility? with every good climate in s
world, and vory little of tlie Imd- -with
gt-ninl spirit of cdu'ftiion dilfitftlng tig
and knowledge every whom, with lain
i kriving innrddneq Tn nvnrv ?' p?ir??nent
' ?' v * *' . a . t
bit Vai*
Agriculture -111-i tlit* mi? h;u> u a?t noli
as 111<.-11 in-vt-r had ! (' ii', tlini snin, and
now, >1114.1 jll.lliJ, Allll t '. \V. mH l ca?>. ?\tlll
thrash iiihI grind am! '.-oof; and print and
j>erf??iin tin* lal> >rs ot man an I Imasi, in
a thousand lorn is, moriug liko t i ngs of ,i
lil'o and taking premiums in the oldest
lounlries ( I the world ; uitii a kin>.\|
edgy ol science grantor ilian in any I a
iuur ago, a lul tin* wis-! < ' s I; - * past M
in.:.ii in n\ wa'iis.aii.:
mi l's i I I i:ti!i.>r?. 1 in ai-: in opt r ili n. il > \
11.'1 ni^iit, ai ! now imito*
'.. in : proji-otoi! utu] cortstrncloil, with tlio ''
illicit!V ? 'I mnoif iimw.k of oiortin ni'il '
elect rich} upon iholami utid'tn t? : xx.-o
'<*r ; \sitli sov.Miii'on hundred tiiihioiiR ot
lobars ( l'<Ou,uOU,uOU ) as tno picsoul
annual estimate oi niiii.ninil u '.uii ii pi
duct* Poin oui Siunii a; 1 n.alone
xx ilh oyvt;niinot:t!?, tvj-ia'. ns-al S*at<v '
"distinct a> tin- liili 'W - hut < i,.- :m'.he ,
S. M." Ilth'tdil 'I 'l. t ' ! l 1*
at. 1 pro'ifi' v nr 1 t! >< var\ of ' --s*
ir.dmdrv ox'iMi ,:n^ their !?iinr 'run amies 0
tV'.rn ooaan to or. at : I- an tl?o lrr/.on re- \
i oions of the N'-rili to ;lio tor- ! 11"arts t
the South. Kustuiuod and upheld hv a
I? >:> energetic, ot !iglcood : ml free ,
with aii 'l.i vt ai. 1 tiMii>, what will ii tho ,
niia'iu lu'aiiu n this cic.it c. u::'.rv I'. '
is in-t in the vision of man to see, or hi i h
1 lie J i to kiuov. Tlio iniltd is Irs', in the ; i'
i-on w 11i ii xx"V ho vi"' ' f-ait of 1
, An r . u- ! ' 'I '" ' o
time i f mat:v x? I < are p.xix t <? ' i ti rivo,
' > i vd ; ! i |' 'J a nt I to svi i'lv ,
xx all a I an i ]
lux i of i ot . ii uiMtSvo*, hut a
large | ('it'oii ?-f tiio . ni.i/ii d world.
\i i, t .!>, sha" i . ro mi North Car* v
o.u a | ia! ;i in | i this great w< il;. {
iht.* c ii'-'-r "f r h'a! i .'provetnont and
pro.*'| ' it \ : v'. " '-a ' ! to our emed
: lit* !" t' ' y'-V'(h Sf>'c"
It.- iii.jjli If ' ! ; > r; ' " : ,
<! 1 :? . vf - t.f ?!: tr<>
t
HH'rtfe in ???< 'r J V < r. > t>:i'< t"Ot:mi
win fann t n?. to *iv*vt l?">|? i
imin.-i.sf> rtsoiiHTH an! imi ro\ It
lorinl .'nn.liti.'ii . "!' ? ii.ii'-.'i>\? lln.'r .if
i:.:ii.ti;u- uimI inalit' tin* :t11r.tv; ?
{??r (he ' > ;.tul e :! ! >1 tin.,
li.ui iH If ii o'.ui-M Haj -r- ! is f..|
tliO virtu. f ; <'[" ?
Sliall it 1 f m: !*t'v: ?::i
. Iiuiflrv) luili-s >r !-, ' vitli
i Miiir*' :i I i r fi'Ws .irv' i
< | 1 Jif < i.. u l: . l.? (M Ml
ov". ill : in : iim\ . v . w nil a c; u 'tv
im <-i i. ? >, . ?< I'jOtii.'o i .li.it i ur
i ttnii, c>\?_*r'I'.'ii'i.jin < t l:if.
>, . i! !.~ i Nt > r' TTTTil ?'i> ouolti
It Itj . :i. i ?!* : i I ! r ? ! '" i-.
< i.v
r\ i>nM I>.? \'m? (>!: ?i r
}>< ? !?>i ''< . !;! ?' urc. ri?.?l ti> - fi'i
I vn!!i'? <'l \ w 4'>st>i w 1 . 1>
Kttrl. t of 11 If' PI Wlll'tv lis Ills" I I I .t
' t -MI I I Ail.. -hi I.ill | I lull'! " I \
II., ii. t. : . -? : . .i ill r.
t "i the Inruu rf w 1 f'jjiM?! thai : .
' noble r* j< Ivo '.?> I 1Y< . 11! 1 !cp ml lit,
I :-.t ; M'l.lcu it i:. sj* of ti.<-i... licit
t i IIMMI ; ?= itir ui..;> ' \ > n.-t* i :
.
\utir im'i!, : i. lit; :i. \ !op t!io
viirii 1 re. i f '.i " < 1' t! r cl.il
i (ii?n? ?' tlic ail i> \\. Ii ft tiuii
" Io J 11 : 11'!, .t 1 i : it. i i i i.
i.uw to ?.io ; \ .iii -o .. .
'1 urns iii.il hcl.i.ulr.; \oi.r r.iilro i k. m 1 ill
1 tl.i- ,1.. i.u . j i 11
ilu>tr\, I t! . i '
'
it Shitr, ?/# ' to j >' r..'?/.
' A: i! ii low i: V.-in1. -i'
of ii. M. : ' r. A _;>>::! i i S el- .
n In ?i>!i \i. i i is i . >i>\ i i : < i . lis s !
%i_r:? 1 <t .hi\s ?.t" t'.,' l'.tir, I'l.c inn :
i Meek lout ,.rjx ni.il til. in u l? ^ ;
" awl to i xi i . >? s \ nuli'i.t iii hiii i..-1 . i
o \o?i' most baftlino i ?j?> > m . ill o
' illi.it.*- lu St en Co lln j.;iti.. .. < . ; '> '
* your iuUoii, u?nv Lo * \ iwi.t* \ w.Xn
J I lift Ii .it'll. tl L til
A Curious Fnct
\* A I'liriuti* iiile'dote of the ;tiuoL > !' (
d loca'itv i.as com t<? as I'u in : :Jn . \
r niciou* q si. or. ! u the to v.;. ?.! 1 m k
e, lin, iii V ' .! . ' 11 ... , 01 . I a psii
s t!en an, w i*o w as !w. i i
?r liiornilit* lie obs-it- I,. ;' . ii ;
lo just Uelow his liivo. The i. \'. dav ih<i
name toad? wei il cro, ttt h nhtl a "ton r.
;.| sis sphinxi s luiure vi Kt*''- n
le Ond was thick; htftithcf bright col r?*?! ;
w :\ third Mi'' I ; h fourth i "k? <! in ?t i. <
i ' other distingiiMiir j way. 1: inkintj the*
k! aiinoteri I he lines, inn] seeing ihet jn rti
a nil : mslv p:svtv<<i tlieii position, d;?t id.
! tr-p Jrt\, I ts p 1 llioiu into a basket, ear
s J lied them aci sa the A-ie.,' and i? :.
f them Ht the U?|> >! a L . 1. What was I.in
in aurjirne, tliin week s f-*.. r, to find them
in lit lh< i J ] i a s. d el. a.
y'. ever! Again he reia'ovod thorn, taking
:.s 'Jiem, this time, in a different dire "tit i ,
to and lent is g lh.? m :.t ft point much fiii tlu i
;a i.li" In about iv w?*clr*. however, they
wore back for the second tin e. A laid
!>or, to whom tbo incident whs t i!J, .
It who w?i> hi rMuloiui, iic.\ lr vii t i i> ij
>\\ thorn. Hill in a I . w. t; :
it were <>n? ? uiruitu;, u|itei|Ug
Hi 0?n, u?d? r the teaJcn|^i|> <i| otu.- of tin r
hi , number, who ii"n> a chfct|','
do looked bjick for hi* an l the?! h?'j?
>hL |>e?t on, fd'owed hy " t!i<> rrtt, m ?i| he
ot reached his o! 1 Ht.iti >ft under the boo 11.v
nv whore ho gfWvcly took tip his ?|iinrtor.s
rln Phila. Ijf'hjrx.
H Ft may he said in *!lti?t??'ion <-1 the
hi bweetn, -, and tbo Mlnp of tl !h._- it
t>r !?n?u ioo. t''M ith verr a j haltot In .
with \
? ) v -ioi A .Jib? ? a
torn t*rof J
^mimrauo.
A *!;:?i* to 'iio article ?>l* war, it i-i
if : > 't ?> a ' '''i' !i ! all.
\\ ? tint iv m ui wli > nevor
u , ii i > 1 < ! :ii .* m < !; {! his
"t.i.
O MP >
i'.vii'.vi o! tlm lOui.i.v 0'.j-vtv<:r w as
it u-v* I froiu s isi^ ?iii lit i ?r\,.thootliil.iv,
on itsIII of 111' i Mli'lll ; U^'iJhb.
? MAI. 4P? *
A i:oj^i<i's ins'ructions !ui pulling on n
m! \\urc :
"i'ii'V ?'.? li^lit Htlu, 'icii lit' i(-l and tit.ii
! O (J'.ll >1 uUltlil.
??crv \
r?i. ".J of oms ! : 'i Ji!nnt
thii'i n 5 >osf tlir? otii' r ii tv, 'iv<! hatched
ut tw<Nv<' Shanghai* and :i toj? knot.?
V!'< il r ! \\ load I'. nv.%" tcv luMon
. '.la1 p. isl'rv tPM?Vo* i- vt ! ? ' < n.
Women r< <riirc :i..jic r!<?? j? than men,
.. i r.i ot-> !??.. than thus en^ajjc! iti
: . : r . . u] ation L lit . , i ;i >rl? li,
i. '.cis ....J I^iUj .1 ope ..""i a \ no
a ]? l a!!. 1. can ' ; i- uc!i
s \ 'ho < , v. I !. ; .if o' icf.
? *?) *f> <T^- - A
Scotchman has tr.thie i a couple of
nv(! t<? turn i reel f?r IwSiimj twine.?
1'iie 'a: ret' rim ! ! it: n miles a tiny.
L'fl r. . ' ' II < UO Il'Mi'll .1 (o <>!'?> Inn;,
in 1 :*r l" til ' t< v!s. A loiitpcnuv's
voi"i ' t me; ,a ' a Mve vveol.V,
In >r at 'it ' oneh annual is
i)li t t? ! at i\ 'in
?.?n> *ry- .?
. . . -i i 'My !-visai.I
*il > . 1 :. ' 1 'iee n
till ?? : vi ,! t ' .v. to puul.aM.
'Sll lilt Ml' flit*! t' '.L K ? \\
alleil i ' ? ir ' ; ;.]a\
'Lor. , "!i*?t was t. ! vti-, I meant
i.! .t * . :v \1 i i ! 11* cti i i> jr '
V a ! u'< i liavc no fvo, hut
1 . to*.- a ti : .*
1 i : ' :li^ is t ; ' f ; I ?*l '? .-'ill id
: ? \' _ ; : i :
"I K?* u-1 , r.iu. r, ! ft. u. i ] ui(1:, inl,-.
I I. J. V, ;,!! |U'
11:. v i ? ' ' 1.1 !". i\' ! r : iran, nr.<!
!i x i i i ti i '..i >ti: r.
- . 5? <*.
A i .? i.i 1'mt.i i. - A t U i |i> limn fu'ii.
I i i1 r:: ti v. itiil nno ol liib i ,ilcrl\
jutl'i lilt.!: !-, w i !i? VN Ji';K11:LT IlMllt' froll!
i : v i: \\ nit r, \\ lio'l ll <
< -! ! t is -in - i an ! !?l Hut on his
! ?( !;. I in; n iii'slor. Kinkinc rtt him a
nn i :.t. at ,i l- v * v iiircil I e was tin I
much 1 nil, saiil i<? I im : "l'lii-lnl, sini
ts -raiiil it si'i ' r\ ] !i i s." '1 hv oM
?.T? ' i i' >?i!\i ii ll ? a sure liiin-l'
I ? ! tl ' t" "i lilt \ ill ^
hul ! cmi'l."
??-Mi Xl? Mr mm
"i- . ' - A i'ii' i "s i "ino
11 I ! y ' <:' ik. '!'! i II.mi ml
\ H i" t!.o ; ' o \'>k am' r-nii :
'il l 'O, ] i;M rkc- t "> ho fXCllFCtl.'
]' j"-- >'? 1 ri' iho iiu'co, Hi villi
(IK.
'It'll i'ii!-.'. \ tit !:m <\ ii.\ r.-'.- i??-'
Well, <-ir, \v}::st r.ro l!:o\ ?
V.'i v, t!ic f.u'.i " mul ike mat.
paused.
\Y' :!. rr. ;-fc-o.l,M cmtiniud [tl.e
i?j <! i* .
V.'i-'i. ' I in ; ' mil . ?o l ore goes?
i!.. *v! < v.n- a ! < r man, sul'> !! !
i\ >' < \i iiilmod, 'Cleik
>a ? *- Pcor
Phces to Live At.
I . a ; in M .inn so rocky lluit
wh-n ike 1m?ii K: ?-?ci< plant corn, lluy
! < !< f i devices mi tin1 iuok?, and slioot
:! " :ri.'-> in ui:li a ti.m-ko! ; ilir-v can't
ducks tlmr* no liOW. fnf Uie.fttot is
ar c ? tl k l si '|'c duck's cati'l fTcttlu i
I i"s 1 . two , iltom to t ink up llio
I rx-rii ;?>,! t li(. ?tui' 1I...1 !.. .1.
.. . j- - . - . ?..? * ???? (leu ilie
c ' ' " *] ''" f grass is l>v grind
i > f .? i' iic?pa < ? n grindstone.
1" it :*! rn'i c'rcuM"!* i.oe '< n place
' ICsfcK rp shor" ; ih'io ti" I;i>:<i is
1> > i thv. :: takis two kiiat-ns to ray
"!. !?n ami on a clear day yon can sea
. - gr.v i climb up a mv.: iinta;k,
. i } w.h tears in tl cir fc\'e* ou r u
1j;ty a !. Id ; ami ilie bumble I oc- have
i ;o down on ilieir knees to get at the
gr.i ; a the m.u?juitoe? do. of >ttma>
Hon, riT The tiukoy lui.'?.ir is have to
. migrate.
jiut there is a ci ui.ty in Virginia which
can lieju thai- -there the land is so sterile
thai wjieu iliv win! is a* the nQtthygest,
'; i* Lave to lie ti.e children to keep lliciii
.10.n . ?nog blown away ; there it takes
l.X (: ll fcl t< ll II1HII, l\l:ll will 11 1I1Q dogs
1 1! ti y .avow get tga.i t the fer.ce ;
the i.oties ik a,' vhin that it taKi'it,tifa|ve
1 i he a i';iu!o* , aiiil when
l. i.) la,1 a be?*l tin,)' tno to hold him
up to 1>U' ck him down !
! i, < ii . -01911.' :J> n i''j mil ill ticrnv,
? ii m l)v,i|n:r, wl.< r? li^y j.eu h
t . w oi. ju* u' 4C 11:.. !?0?
0 > j IV ' *?:? *Mk ihkchJ t!>at r fii hli
of t>pruutvil in the southern
wut pf tti" county. There* the unlive*
< utO ; i.i'.IwK' R tlii\ i i fur ll it mice of
iiN'i .. . .eihrcwl < nl which he wan
iu.u; Ky to have ?ti his pocket, npo there,
1 tlicv'mriiwi a man 'out of fiie* tinjr.*
because, jit'iev h visit, to ri.ilito'u'j'Lin, he
f i poi'tit*! lljHt wln'.i |n th/it city lie Ji?J
!i ! rt s' y <'V'V'V I, eet