The Lancaster ledger. (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, December 17, 1856, Image 1
* ' ' 4 ' ' . "" ' &2
PER ANNUM Jsn&ttZSiXSrSSL*?&???' IN ADVANCE
^ 3 /aaiilg anil ^alitirnl Jinuspaprc?Jirualr^ in tlje 3rls, scirarrs, literature, Mutation, ilgrirulturr, Satrnml 3mpronruituts, .feign anil Paiurstir jGruis, au^ the jftiarkrti.
"?r~>0^ Htll.ME V. LANCASTER. C. II.. SOUTH CAROLINA. WEDNESDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 17, 1856. NUMBER 44.
jmmmmmm i i ?
PRGSIDKNTV* MESSAGE. ;
J>\llow citizen* of the Senate p
tine/ of the House ?J Representation. t,,
The Constitution require* that tlx* fee
Prositlvnt shall, ft out tone In lime, imi on- j liv
ly recommend to the. i'oii<?ii|cr ittoo of ! e?-?
"Oittiigri'Ma itucli measures as lie nr.iv judj?e wi
necessary and expedient, l>ut ai> tli a to- tli<
shall jfivu information io ilium oi the sink* jet
of the Union. Io do this fullv involves j pe
exposition of all mat leu- in tin- actual cot.- ill
<li an of the country, domestic or fnc on, cit
which essentially concern tin* jjeiicral we! ' tn<
Jaro. \\ hiic |>crfoiinino his coii-titutioii- I ?jc
al duty in ill at respect, tile I'residcnt does \ an
not speak merely to express personal con- ' co
vie;ions. Inn as the executive tnuM-o o; j an
the government, enabled by his j> >-itioii. ] <h<
and called upon hv his o^ivia I obligation, ! to
to scan witti an impartial eve tin- inter Id.
ests of 'lie whole, ami ofcveiy pai: of the ;"i
United State*. * j ah
Of the condition of the doino-t'e inter ; ;>
ests of the Union, it, a^ricuittue, initios, i an
manufactures, 'isvigatiort and cniniucrec, j an
it is necessary onlv to say ilia the in er ' u>>
n il pro-periiy of the countr . c..n;i.ni : ".i
oils nlnl Plead\ ailvaiiceiln-n' ill we.i.th | I
ami population, sin-l m t.r v ale as well .1- i \
politic well I ??si II _e. attest, the v\ i -d 11 11 ! <ui
out institutions, an I the predominant -n i- : <*t
it of iiilelhireina* Old patriotism, whnli. j to
notwiilnc oid.no occasional it regular ticso! I n
. , ... nviim. IIUH pllp'lt.ll | | ' I
fier?ioin, tins ?Ii*?iin*_r?i! .mil t-li n ictet- In
iz<* I the peopV of Ain -rii H. !.
In ilie brief interval tielwcoii the lerini m<
11 iliiill Ot ill.' last .1!) 1 the coillllt || ' liU'M H I
of llie pioncnt m'Hnuii of C-?uoie*n,the hull j it;
!i?- llllli.l Ii.ii heeii .- '. ii( it*.I v\'.l!| till* f.llr j ' i
t?l selecting for another i'.iii-i:imiou >! lui ni ' sh
the I'remileiit hii.I Vive I *i fsi?1 c111 of tin- I
UIlillH) S'Mlt n. j I?!i
Tli? tlu'enii'iiHiioii .if the |nT?oi?s, w 11 j :li
Hie ol li^l <>r oihiitepemIt. t > pr<"-i>h ! .*ii
uv ? t io K<lillini"lration >>l lli?* yovi rion mi', ! i?h
in, uiwler our s\stein. rollout1.0"l to (In* ' iin
Smie* Jin-! t'.O people. Wu H|.| r.tl lo j i.*i
ilit'in, liv their ?o w |?r??jn?uiI in the \ \
f. ruiinf law,t> t all ? hiimaoever iln*\ will < ':
lo i lie h'j/h |>o*t nl Chief M ifiiMrato. j t" .
Au<t l It lit il is thai as tin- Scnntn> r.j. ; tv
resent tlif respective Sia:?*s of In? 1'i.ioi. tu
a nil till ill. inherit of the ll'iiisf of li.'jir.ne
ttativofl lliu wverill Const illieHeies ol ( |.|each
Slate, so the I'limMeiit represents the j I t
a Xs;rtj>iitte population ot' the Uniltal * 1 tli
'1 hair election of liim inthe explicit ami ' <1*
solemn not of 'lie nolo *<>vor.!pii antlioti't ati
of the Union. I t!i
U in inipossi'i'e to mivijtfirolieinl tin- i A
pre it ptiiieipl-s tt It it'll, hy tin il re. .in ;>o- : lit
lilicul Hit ion, tint [ii'up'f of tlio I'mi.il | t i<
S.Ht.'H IlitVt! milt tl.MlC.I Mllll MtllloUeCt'il. | 'll
riiey Iihvo Hsscne<l the constitution tl , ..f
Oiptn'ilv r( t'Hi'll Mllll nil of till S'.HtrS ol | s
the Union an States: lliev have ati). uieti ; N
the constitutional equality ofe.n-li atni all , tli
ot the citizens of the L uite.l States tscili- I th
cuti? ?*!? I'-'- ?' ? -- 1
-v... -, nrivf men ireuiu' , w liaiover f\
their birfli, or th"ir residence ; they have ti?
maintained tin iovi I ability ?. ! die coii>ii n<
tut tonal rights <?i toe <1 -??i sections ol of
die Union ; Mini lliev have proclaimed or
their dsvuted and unalterable utiaclinn nt on
to Il:?a I'liioti Mini lo llle Coinslllullott, a? Si
objects of interest superior to m)I subject*
of local or sectional controversy, mh die of
safeguard of till* right* of mII, ms die spoil ?i<
Mini die essence of the lilmrty, pence mid in
greatness ol the 111 j.til.lie. <1<
in doing this, tLey Inve, at the same I ro
lime, emphatically condemned the idea of 1 e|t
orgnit ZM.o hi iIim lulled State* on re gc- ' ps
ogrti|.lneMl parties ; of iUMr?>iMlling in l.o.s ! i it
tile stray towards eneh oiln r tlx ditfcri'iil of
patta ul the count')', Noitli or South, li est . <|
or West. rji
8clitnnM uflliin ruiiuie.ff.uig'it within- i r
Calculable mischief, nod which the coil*. I J ru
crate scum* of die people lias rejected, j he
could have li-ol couutcu mcc in no part o! fn
lite country, had they not been di-gui*cd wl
by suggestion* plausible in appearance, ?
acting upon mu cxc.lcd stale ol lint pjl.lio eo
miml, induced by cause* temporary in t!i
tlie.r eliaracier, Mini, il is lo he hoped, Iran
eieiil in ihcir influence, gr
Perfect liWrty of Mi*oai*lion f?i pnlili- iji
ral objects, and the widest h'o|m of discus C?
s.on, arc the received and eri n.iry Condi- t'.r
tions of government in onr country. Our
;nsliiutM>ii, framed in ihe spirit of confi c??
dfHiS m die iiilebigem e and mtegiilv ol di
the people, do liol forbid Cli./.eii?, either th
individuallt or associated together, lo at | etiick
b'V wiiinnj, speech, ??r Hliy oilier j Sf
methods, short of physical force, die C hi- tr
uiiuiiuunu niki me v?ssjj existence of Hie j nii
Union. Under the ahelier of ill it g'eit C?
liberty, ?n?l prolr>t?s| l>) iU? Uw* and hi
usage* cf tiro gove i vim Hi they a-sud, us ?? !
*<* ihUihih have la-cu hinted, in si-uiu ot wl
the States, nf individuals, who, pretending tie
to seek only to pirvi-iit 'he spread ol l.i? Kt
ifiistitutton of shivery into the present or tr>
future inchoate States of the Union, sre v*?
really iithuiod with desire to chalice the t!i
domestic institutions of existing Stales.? to
'I o accomplish their object*, they dedicate of
lliciiiwhe* to the or] ion* t.ok of d?'preci syi
aling the gnVciiuotMil otgrtiiizuiinn which tw
stand* in their way, xml of calumniating, an
with indiscriminate invective, not only the nn
citizens ol particular Slates, Willi wlime eii
Imws they find fault, hut all others of their wi
f*l low -citizens throughout the country, cai
who do not participate with Jiem in their it*
assaults upon the constitution, framed and C<
adopl-al in' our fathers, and claiming for pn
Uie pnrilagm it has secure I, and the ble?. nt
it !i is conferred, lite steadx hiiiiiio
i tjratelnl reverence of their children.lev
seek :ui ohjeet which they well kin>
he a revolutionaiv out*. They are pe
tlv *?arc iliat I! rlianoe in die ret
t! emi'lilon >t die \v li it?* and lit ark r
t hi the HlaVflii.liluiir aalr>, wine'* tin
m!il promote, i> beyond their lawful a
iriiv ; that In llielli it is a loieioii o
't til it it cannot. Ik; effected ? v sit
nr.i-t'ul iiistriiuii'iitality ?>f the;r> , I'tai I
I'm, aii* 1 lt*u S.ales n| w Inch diev a
.znis. tin* ntih p itli l?i it** ai'cotnplisi
lit is thr.ni.jli lnimiii_'rili. s, an I r i\
I lieldr, ami slaughtered popul iiim
*{ a.I tli it in ni 'sl leirihle ;n fnr* i^
nip'icated with ei\il ami senile \\ai
<1 dial tin' tii-t st* p i*i tin* attempt
i* l*>ivi!*lu disruption nt" a euuntrv e*i
ariiiM in its I. mad hosmn a decree
?*t'v, .iinl an atiioiin*. of individual at
!?! c pi.'sjk'iit \. hi w l.ieli there in* p i
el in hisH-rv, and siihstitutino in i
ii < hostile jnvi l Miielits, ill i\ell ill oil
1 iliev itahiv into itintii.il devasl slii
I tra'.rie d il ea'ii iee, tr iiist'**ii;iiu^ tl
a peaceful ale! I lieitoas hriithi-vin
o a v i-t pi-i niaii'Mil e-iiiui nf a* on- 1 in
llie rival uioii ?r.-Ii: .* of ha rope mi
m. Well kin >*v i.i ' i hat sn.li. and Ml
Iv, an the in- mis an ! tin; r iiM'ii'.ieue
tile [lians and p'lipircs, t111*V elelivn
prepate the p?*op'e of d e I Tiihal Stat
ei'. 11 war I v Iiii_f i vervthin^ ill tin
.vi r to deprive die ' n-' t' inn and I
ii! uioial aildiinilv. an 1 to mi lorin
e t'lln ?>( die I'.i on hv appeal- pi
in aid serin >ii tl (?ri jndiee. t?v imloi*t
IIIO n- people wii'i leeiproe i' lii'r*
d hv vdn -.i' lio dleill I i st i" 1 f
e as eii?*nii. a, r?i!x?r thaa s!io inler
milder ?* fram is.
ii is In tin* M'r(*i;ev of such nn?v trra'i*
>> itil<.i'!i.reiii-?. ' i-..-?ii I 1 ?
... . ".? ^ ' I I 11 ?111 * * I
at t!?? miti.ls f ii .n\". Mill t v so </ >!
li.ive lieeti ?u iiii] iHi *.I into t
;??IIIIINt<* t'<.lll<l?'|||ll<i: mil of t! (? lllllll**slitiilioii*
i'f tin* S Millicrti Slut. ii*
iotl| t.) Ill*.'li*llilv to u!||l<>*t dpi
passionatci liO-t.lit v low.in].. tlir-ir ('? I
iit'-iiH ?.f t' <?* S:at.'?, int.! tin?-. Iit.;i!;v
I in * *> t?-st)|?ir.try 1*..:!ow>hi|? .villi tl
owe.! uii'l iicloe #?tu'iiiie* (il 'li'* (,*n i*
tion. Anl.'iitlv Httsi. I.C'l t > 1.* ??rt v iti t
struct. lln-y <l<> n >t slot, to Mini'l
tCtil'Hl'v ll<)\? 111 ? nl'ji'l't* 111. v *%? iI
ill ? ?!! In* accoinji!i*!i"i|, nor |r> r.-tl.
at. even if tin* evil wit* n* jjro-ii as t!i
cm it, tlioy liiivn im rciiii'ilv to npp
nl (lihi it . :iii I>? only ajrcriiviitf'l
cir violence mi ! uncoils!itution <1 vc'M
I'lcsti.i'i, wlnrli is (Vie of ln? in mi <|
nit < { >i!! ill.' jn.?!n? .if n'i.,1 si-tit
n,i>'>!ilu'Hl ?h: itimnv i.i<] *ra!p?n m-lii
< \ trc.il \* st'? iittr."isniiii jr ii.t- iiijier in
tliuiitflit rtti'l I iliifil'ivfi'. K\lr."ii"s 1
t vx'.r >nic?. Violent attack* from t
i.rtli Iiii.!* ils iiii'vitalilc cinupqui-ncc
c oro\.(|i .if ;i spirit of atiyrv (IcHati.v
? Smitli 'f'luii. ?? !..? ? - - ?
s
fin* we 11 I reached that consume
?!>. W tlifh the Vni e of ill" J >
iw so pointedly relinked, of the attain
h portion <tt the Slates, iiv a mrtitii
ganization an.I movement, to nvnrp i
n:ro| of the government of th<? I'm t
:t'es.
I coi.fi leollv helieve that the oren! ho
)ln>?c whoinconsiderate! ? too kll is fa
pp. nrp s hceic'v attached to llie oon>
lion and the Unam. Thev won d, up
'iilterrtlion, sl.r itk with unaffected h
r fioin any rwiKJiotit net of disunion
r?l war. Iilit thev have entered into
illt which IfHils ti"wlit"i>, oote*.> it he
lit war ntid disunion, and which has
h?*r jxeo>il>!e ontl.t. They !i ave prno-i
I thus far in that direction, in e>?n<
tence of the successive stages of tin
ogres* having consisted of a series of:
ndarv issue*. each o| which professed
i confined within constitution and pew
I limit?, hut win. h attempted indirect
lial few m n were willing to do direct
that i-?, to H< t aggressively against t
n?titntioual rights of nearly one half
c thirty one S\if. 5
In the long series of act? of indirect a
esion, the tir-1 was the strenuous ngit
n, hy citizens of the Northern State*,
ingress and out of it, of negro etnancif
n in the Southern States.
The Mcoti'l step in this path of e
nii?tnl of acts of the people of the N<
ern Ste'es, pn t in several instance*
e r governments, aimed to facilitate t
t ape of |H*r*on? held to service in t
nit hern States, and la prevent their t
uliiion whenreclnitned according loU
d in virltie of expfeM prgvi*pm* of t
1* Afo.1
M"UI< I"
alive enactment* Mini oilier IItciim w<
opted to t ike hwjiv or defeat ri^lt
iit'll ;K? 1 *?ii?-ii mi ti Milnnoly ignani
-I, In order lo nullify I lie tl>en t
Inj; hcI i f Con??ri'i?!i cmieerniiuf ih? i;
trillion o/ fiigfiliv#* from terrier. I n
re viiiii'tnl in iiihiiv 8ihU"?, forbiddii
t?:r <itf*e?. under tint srvrren penalrii
partii-ip*!? iu itie execution uf any a
<'fln2re?* wii itevor. In Iliir<. way tli
Mfin of Imfinoniona conjuration I
fi-n tin* atillioriiie? of the U'i'? I Hiai
I of ih? atveral Smtet. for tlie mtini
??r of nanfimii in*til niton*.** I*?
i?led in tl?- early u-*i? of the R-pnM
* . Hmimvail; conflict* of jttrimicln
im* to Ih? (Vcijmmt ; aadCnnffv** fo?i
elf ooin|w|l?.|, f..r ill* support of tl
institution, anil ih? vindication of i
war, to auttioriz* ilia appoint moot
w ofllorra cWarfad uitli tbs nxscufioo
ri , its aolj', as it thev the otlieors of the none
? Slates were the Ministers, respectivelv, of iit^ <
w fi?i'ei;;u oiivernmeiil* m a shale of inula il ; ot th
i lewiihiv, r till r th hi fe lov in e/istrates of ( it he
a- , a eoiliilloti eoltntn, peacefully subsistllii? ti'?li
a- ! Hurler the protei-tioii of one ?oll Coti>li(tt- J.titlei
y | teil Union. Thus here. hIsoJ?aijLjressiiiii j Betv
a ; iviii to.iowe.l hy re-aelion ; ati<l tiieattneks ! ! siii
it- ii|ioii the Uoiisiituiioii al this |iniiit. < 1 I meiil
iv j hat serve to rai?e up new harriers for its i treat
or ih-teliee mill secantv. j laturi
re ! he thiol -t.a^e ol this anil ippv seet on a! ot n
it j emiti i\ei.-y was in eonneeiion with the or- j tro\a
a i iio.iiii/.ai'nii of territorial ^tveriinienis. <u | Is li
is, lite ailai!ss.i,|i ??t new Slates into the L a ? ! en
11, ioti. \\ lieli il Wis pro Jose. I to Itililllt tlie i >i * * 11.
r; Stile o! M nne. In* v perat'nti leriiiorv j al a
is from tliai of assaehuselt*, ainl the S.a'e wlioi
a- ! o| Mi-soiiii. Ihrincil of a portion of 'lie ter- lliosi
of rilor\ eerier I hy France tu the L'uiieil reins
al S;ntes,iepre?enimives m Conwre-s ohjceim! who
r <> the a-liiiis-ion of (lie latter, allies with Otlte
t- eotoi tions suite.I to pnrtietilar views of tiie >
e' pahtic poliey. I lie inipo-i<ion of saclt a siipj
in e unlit.oil wa? s'i a-os-fullv ns -:e I. Ion, as t>
I r Ht illusion* peri *<lt the <i'i**si ton \> as pre hiv^
il - *nira| o| iaiposilij it's r eiioris upon llie coin
Il |.*?|i|ae ol Ire lerritol'V ee ieil hv I' i ..lire. ' eat
i-l I n.n ij I*. I i?ii v\ as, t'..f ilo- lane, ili?pose?l It
!i '! hy l ie elipoo.iol i o -mr.rphieal in*.- law
i s ol hat IMum. 1 v .oil
if I In this eo'lliei t.oli it sholiM not he for* ol II
|.v l?o I I I 11 hi I' l :l ll?- I if 11. a- <. ? > I O ..
I- j M-laeil. f ,r i-iiti*i,Jor 11 ??ti-s. of tiei mo.I I ?r- ti.il*
1 *-jr it, | -it \. f ? re. Je L i:> Hltn In 1 Kiel
lie I Lii:l'''l S :i e*. in I :'i it aoeof-ioti .v,a< no iha'tl
l* aep.'-il !?i ilit- I . i ' i Sl.i'i ?, tin' i it o' M"
ii ; pr.-.t* \ tU^.i.i.ei| tli.it "iIim iniiraliltrtl.'* l.tav
I '?I lite tel-i'.orV *-!l 1.1 it i'.fni 'till I f||. i;
t.? i liii ill.-: I n: m n| tlie I* titled Si i e* trail
In , it!: I i !i:?t1 ii ?n i:i ,i- |i ;i o>.r l '.I.el:
1 i.?_I If tin* I r '.rip f{ the Kf?l It l' tUMUil u?. I
i | i :t'ii, it ! ; j ii ii-111 ; 11. i -... t !
c, t llilnj-, rin . I III .11111111 tt ?-I . .li/t i t i,; ; !,? nil I
n.I | I .l'f.1 S i-i ; n. I mi t' -1 f |! i \
lie | s-li.'lil IK- till ii itiii-.| .Mid jiiiilc.li 11 in 11 < in ..
lia- !lt-.* elij iVirciii of their lifr rly, jn'nn ty, C' -aa
Ml I and i .c rciitiimi iiie\ prn|e?''? il. at f?ei
il it t-i Niav, while ii i. nriiii> i.i a terni<>ri'il ft.hi
i\v i till' i il mil, il* inii ilf .nit's nr.r in uial.iihiril Mux.
to nr..I pr.Oet ta-d in ih. j .vuent 11 1 pie|n?
tln-ir liitfiiv ..ti l j.r.tltatriv, wiili n i^jlit ! wlm
!i ' ihfiv 1.. j. a---* into tlie I'ttmli:urn of Si.iift .tin!
lie I on rlt'tn': no til j.til'ttl tU'liIllV Willi till' Jna.tl
or ' ttr' jinial Si tie*. nior
it 1 he et: ra-t in-iit. aaliieli f*' ilt. ?!i, tl tin* .'r;:i
ct Jirsliii'tive ja-n^r ipieal line, t? t* art juifMe.l ' >1 I
i>v ill, l.ailini lll lll H|l|irnV|t 1, lay tl.f s ;itt's til 1 ilitt!V.
ll'e Uliion. It MiM'l nil tier Mat lite hook, exia
It V Ito.aeavr, Inr ;t Itilniln-r of t e.irs ; :* 'it I tin* pop1
in. |tt nple ttl the reaped ive St.ile.i Ju-ijtiie>ri.il pl-n
if. iii Urn re eiinoYiit lit of die principle :is ;?j a - ' < ?!!'
Lit pi.i-tl I'i litis Sutle of l't-x it ; an I il avma ' pun:
ijl, pr jit -C'l It! :ll-||ili|t-t a? ill lit flintier Apple Coll
t u emu in to I lie territory ootid lay I lie I'm- I ineri
ta*. leal Sr.iten tiieii Mixic.t. Il'il dii* prnpnst- port
lie Coli *a |H t|| ees.tfn!!\ r- -i-lf-t 11V (lie P-prai- elij 1
in , M'ntri'ives fiom tin* Ntiithfrn States. a\|nt, i jtiui
nt r-e.tr lies* ot tin-statute In.C, insisted upoli J lial i
iif rijiplviut; ra.s'.iiotioura iii ilit* neav territory 1
n i^fiit i all\, avha?t'ier lyiito N'ortli or Sotiiii i tl.n
ii* ot il, llierehv n pf iltli^J it Ha il la'tjiia .'l!ia*e I pniii
pi i-oinpioiiiirte * aiitl, on '.lie pull ot tlie | Mid
i ii N i It. per*'*len'l\ a i tinting the compact, ; I-mi,
lie it loilipaa't 'lit-re aa :i*. | iliip
?mI I 'i- ?< nj 'ii. this mi ii'luiont CO'.?e<l to I the
iia? l-111 1111<r \iriiiti in any sense, whatev i > <v
ily e., as i ?(>?* -t the N'. -i tli <t tli? S ni'li; miii ( 'ijrii
tn! !" , ill Oil ' t, it was ir. a:. i| on the occasion i Hi' :
ii ?>i tl:n a liiiiH^inu of tliu S'Mto nfd.iliforrii i. ba??
til nint l li*? organization of the Ton iio'ies of Nor
r Nmv Mi-xicii, Uiali, rtn'l Wmh|i. ass:,
or Sueh whs 11.0 stale of tins o nest ion. i
i h when llio tiiio* ,.riivoil for :!;< or^'.in/. iiinn was
to o! tiit* Terriioi it's of K<iiis<s ami Nebraska. une
no in tl.o progress" of cunsliuiliutial 11.?j.i r* ri.i'i
<1 l.l.'l l> llo* l.oll, it In. 1 now ill length COIII0 it iti
.? In la? seel. * !? .rl\ that Coiijjrws .lot's lot soei;
fir jmssessco.isti*iiiiuintl power to impose .? /.inn
?e ktrielioi.s of litis chaiacler upon ant pres bras
to eiit or fntrtm Slate of the Union. In on *.
;? long ser.es of?I fi^ii t.s, on tl.e fullest argil- >}> .
lv ineni, ami after the moat <1. liberate em. setll
lv si'lerntion, tl.o Supreme Court of tl.e Cni alik'
he leil Slates I.in! finally (leterini..e?l t'tis poll*
of point ; in every form mxler which this in tl
ijti'.'sOon cotthl arise, whether ns aifccimu' | tun.
'f public or private ii>Iiim?in the public tlo cms
i- main, of religion, of navigation, and ot to b?
in servitude, fiee
.a- I lie set era I States of tho Union are, by stall
force of the Constitution, en equal in i|o- repe
eil niesiic legislative pow er. Congress can ojan
>r not change a law of domestic relations, opin
of in tlie Siaie ot Maine; n>> in >re can it in wbi.
lie the State of Momiuii. Any statute which b? ei
he proposes to ?io this .a a mere nullity ; it tiehl
x-1 takes >.wav no light, it con'era none. If fael
. w it remains on ttie statute lamk linicpea'ed, to rlie
il remain* there only as a monument of lion.
?rtorvantl a beacon of warn'tlfl IMim legis etfc
r? latnr ami t!i ? Matraiiian. Tb"r?*|ical it port
la, wiii t.c only to leinove imperfection from Iit
'lie ilHiulr.'*, witliout HOn'iinft, C'llier in tiion
x-! |h? mumi uf |M*mii*?ion or of prohibition, I.
x j illo at-lion of the State*, or of lb?ir cili- w'tli
ft 4 ' ft* 114.
m Soil, irlten .lie nominal restriction of wh?*
eft, this tiftInif, already a dead letter in law, the
ot wiu in ternta r?* |?<> tl<><| bt the last Cot) iuti<
at ^Cre4?, in a clanae of the act organizing the I ?t iv
ia Tft. rilorieii of Kalians an.I Nebraska, that ever
ns ri'ia-al made (lie occasion of a wiilv- W??fl
a- spread ami dangerous agitation of t
fit It whs alleged llint (lie original ennct !)>
i,t, m lit !?*??? a compact of perpetual in .ral with
>n obligation, it* repeal constituted an od'ou* vital
ii| liri'at li of faith. all <1
)i? An act of Congress, while it remains b" a
its gnrepealed. more especially if it be eonati spiti
of tutionallv valid in judgment of those pith ol?st
of | lie fundi >nari? whose duty it is to pro- tli?
e oil lliHl point, i* nmloubteilly l>iu
m tin; cniisciciicu of imcIi tjootl cut/.
? liep.iiiiic. Kill u: w hat ? use c
ii-^?*rtci| ili.it the enactment in ijtn
was iiiviMi'<l witli perpetuity ami e
1 to iIn* respect of a solemn compac
t'eii ivlnmi was the compact? J
i -i 0'iiiu:iii!niix powers of tin- j?nver
i, no si'|ii'i'.ili: suctions ot' the I inn
111a> Midi, nieri'il into treaty slip
lis on iln* subject. I. w.?s a iii.-in clan
iti net of Congress, like, any otaercn
ric>l miller of leoislniioii, riv iv
n ii >11 |k- ami |ia>M*il hy Coinproini
iiitliotuijjf opinions or sentiments of i
ihers ot Oilier.",* l>nt it it h.nl im
u tin nit v over linn's conscience,
hi <ii-1 tlii' atiitmriiy attach ? Noi
? ot Hie Nuiili, who li i i repeated
e l to confirm it by extension, in
Iih'1 zealously stiivcu to ostahli
r ami incompatible regulations up
uhjecl. Aid iI',"is it thus appears, t
luseil compact hail tin ohii^ tiol'V loi
the N o ill, of course it couhi n
! !. >! an) as to tin* South, for all mi
jeir's hi.ist tuj iniitual ami ut recip
Ulio.u a,u.
ii.as i,<it imfii inn tit \ h ippoiu il tl
i;i\ ers wit ti nil Iue. estimation of t
e o| the law lliev JJ.Ve, of iti the V ii
lipal I 11 a t'l i: peetlll iT s! re. infill, ut i
rptiiii.il in teriiis : hut they cam
il<l llie Conscience, |||i> pelatue
the wiil of lliosij who in iv sieve
it, uiiinti'il wiih eipial autiiorit\.
>: carelm ilni"l;.. (l;iiii Uiai' piove t
to l e iitisoutnl in principle. K\p?
u.a\ tio-.v a lo be imp i !'eet in (
at. I iiii|iraclicahle in execution. A
ot * i r :i- it to .1 r.oiit eo ubiite i
\ > ? j 1stif\ bill to IVipl.ie its tela
. C"io: i! ill?t?, s ipretti as it is i.\
lie ileliil till Ills of tin* i'i a ern u
latin* m-cuiikA and j?nl. in I, in oi
itu-iidiiicul I'V its* ic.y u-111?~ ; a
??> ?>i tin- Stall s inav, in their ?
n. jiroj i?-o aiin-li lineal I ? it, so-hi
] oi ilimiirii it in Until i-,i?* ????-n t
?ei ;ti St. 'es til I hit I .l"tl. Ill I
HI ItwtaiM'i* a political euai lllle
ii !. ..| . :>i:i 1 tu have d power
i-.ri'v 'I ni?) kin*) WR* roiealod. 1
tiwti .'esuiiiid ill .1 Cnii_rii? > had
a. r nil to enact & lie 11 repoa', v
is i*iiniii;li, ami sinoulai 1\ >o in v
in* I ici llial the ai'^miiuiit i* inn* lr
it who opolnv lelused olietlirlicc
.:ia laws of the land, IniV; sir ,li?;>a
nlar do.siou ilii'li an 1 nnality as on
i.tM* n ts?nay, tinuv, *\ in* uneipii
ilisn-jT tilled and 1*11111 h'llllK*!I till; III
tin* and oli!ij?Jia?i*v injunction* of I
-titnt'.nli it so f, and soiiolit, l?y ev?
as wiiYm their r a *!i, to deprivi
i*iisi)l tln*ir lidiow i*'ts/.ons nf tin*. tii|i
vment of iliu?e rialiis and privile.
i.intie.1 alike to ail hy the liiisdani
otnpnt i>t i>ur U nion.
Ins argument n^aiiisi tho repeal
statute line in iini'slii'ii, win noon
led 11v another i t cmijjeni il oharao
i-ijtialiy with this former, dostituiit
illation ni roiHoii and trutli. It v
n'ld tli.it tins measure orioiiialoil
i*oinvjit;ioi of extending tlos limits
e lalmr U'Vnllil those previous!>
I to il, and that sin-li was its na
as wi ll an inleiiilod effect ; and tli
ti'ss assumption* wore made in
i mci ii oimn, iiiw hiuikhj t?I (HlCCih
alt upon constitutional rioht.
lit* repeal in terms of a statute, *h
already obsolete, mill also null
uistitiitioiiHiity, colli*I have no inl
to oUtroet <?r to promote ilie |.r?>
mi tit Colilliolill); t U'ttH u| noli lira I
a! iiii'iiution. When tho art orya
tlie Territories of Kansas and I
k i was j?Hs?eil, lite inlieretil effect '
list port ion of the public domain tl
?ed to lejrsl settlement, was to adt
ers frmn hII tlio States of liie Un
> , ear 11 with his conviction* of put
cy alio private interest, I litre to fou
lieir ilinciet on, rul jurl to such iiini
;u tliu Cnu.v. il ill im am! acta of C
in fill prii-trrilte,new States licreal
j a<iinitie*l uito tin; Union. It wa?
field. Open alike to all, whether I
me line of assumed restriction w
aled or not. That lepral did I
i to free competition of tl.e dive
ions and domestie institutions a fir
:li, without such repeal, would In
i closed against iSu-m ; il found il
of competition already opened,
and in law. All tlie repeal did w
li?:v? ilio statute book of an ol>j
aide enactment, unconstitutional
-It niul injurious in term* to n la
ion of (lit* States,
i it lite fuel, that, in nil unsettled
a of die United Stale*, if amigrat
ift free to set in tli s respect for id
tout legal prohibitions ou either si
e labor will spontaneously go eve
re, in preference to free labor f I;
fact, tli ft i the peeu'i tr domestic in
>ns, of (lie Southern Slams possess
elv si mucli of vigor, that where
an liver?ne is freolv open to all I
Id, iliey will |MMictiale to the excltm
hosa of the Northern States f J.
fact that the former enjoy, compai
i ?lie latter, such irresistibly super
lilv, independent of climate, soil, a
ither Accidental circumstances, as
il>le to product tlio supposed result,
a of the assumed moral and natu
acles to its accomplishment, and
more numerous population of t
I i Northei n SijiIvr 1 | f
I I 1 lie argument of those, who advocate
' " | ilis? enactment <-f new laws of restriction, |
I and condemn tlie repeal of old ones, in J
* I etlect avers that their particular views of j"
1 Government h ive lio clt-cxl* tiding or self j
\ ' t sustaining power of tiioir own, an ] will ! ^
go tin where unless forced by act of ConII
gress ; and it Congress do lut pause for j
a moment in the policy of stern coercion; '
u j if it venture to try the experiment of lonv- ;
M j ing mi ll to judge for themselves what in- ! j
"i sliluliotis wil' last suit them ; if it be not i
j at tamed up to perpetual legislative exertion j t
! on this point ; if Congress proceed thus ,
' ' I to net in the very spirt of liberty, it is at j
" j once chnigcd with aiming t<> <Mend slave j
l" j labor into ail the new Territories of the i
)? j United States.
j course, these imputations on the in
tentious of Congress in this respect, < u;i }
* 1 i ceived ar they were ill prejudice, and dis- .
,J" j serniii ilod in passion, :ue utterly destitute
j of any jus ilio ni hi in tin* nature of things,
IV I and contrary to ali the fundamental doclul
I trine* and piine pies of civil liberty and
1'' j Relf goVi riimeiil.
While, therefore, in gem ?.?*., the people
i of the Northern S at.-H have never, at !
1 i any time, arrogated lor tl.e federal govj
eminent, the pviwer to interfere direct!v j
l'v | wiiii the domesiie comiiiiou of persons in ,
tlo* Southern SiMie*, but on the contrary i
1 ; have disavowvd ail such intention*, j.nd |
' h ?v e shrunk from conspicuous hfil ial ion
'' ' with :ho o few who pnt.-ue their fanatical j
? I objects avowedly through the cnnt?-inpla- j
*' ! te I in.-aiis of rwo'.utionarv change ot the
' | government, and with a?.vop!nt;ce of the ,
n. i- '>snry cui.-e.pieti.es?a civil and s. r- 1
; vi e war?yet manv cit zcns have sulferc 1 i
, th tti-e v? s to he drawn into one evancs !
c. ui j. ..lineal issue of agitation at't. r an- '
''' j oilier, appertaining t? tho same tot of
' '? i opliiolis an.I which subsided as rapidly
j as ili< \ ato-o when it came to ! (! seen, as ,
I as i: uniformly ?lni, '.hat they were iaeoin i
'iS | pal.b'.e * ill thy compacts of tin- I'oiisti""
i iiittoii ai d tliy existence of the I nioii.?
I lia.-, when the He's id some ci| the Suites
"" i t<? iitil ity tlif existing extradition law tin
posed iiim a C'oiijii's> the dutv at' |)i?fcsinir
' r I a itew <>110, tlte country was invited by ho- I
i!t' j a.it. is to i iit- r into party organization for ,
; its ri |.eal ; i-ut that agitata n speedily j
' '* it'.iM' I la ii i -uti id the itnpi aclica bilitv
4'vv i of us object. So, when the statute r? s- j
"" I ti ciiuti upon the institutions of new i
,u | States, by a oenoraphical line, had been '
"u* j repealed, tho country was ur^ed to demand
its restoration, and that pnjecl also died !
vo* j ahini't with its birth. Then followed tho I
,"1 j er\ of ahi'in from the North against im i
'u' pnted Southern ein ioaelmien'.s ; which 1
rv t .. ? i- '
I nj.i.nm > n- 'in > i ihi sj'irii 01
' :i | revolutionary a Hack on the domestic in- i
' *' slitutions \>( the South, and, after a truu- I
J**"* 1 l>!cd existence ii{ a few mouths, It as been !
rebuked by lite v ice of a patriotic peo- 1
1 p!e.
Of this last agitation, one lamentable
' feature was, that it was carried ?>:i at tlie 1
l**r i immediate expense of th<* peace ami haj?- t
' ?'j pin* ss of ti e people of t.io Territory of 1
,a> Kansas. T hat was in trie the battle field, j
111 and not so much of opposing factions or
1interests wiiliin itself as of the conflicting
as" ; passions of the whole people of the United j
tu (state*. Revolutionary disorder in Kansas
*'3'! | had its origin in pr. j-cls of intervention
| deliberately aiianged l?y certain mem 1
hers of that Congress, which enacted the
j law for the organization of the Territory, i
'' '' i Ami w hen the propagandist colonizatiou j
'"r of Kansas li.ad thus been undertaken in I
h' *>:>e section of the Union, for the sys'eni- j
PJl" I atic promotion i f its peculiar views of '
?r , policy, there ensued, as a matter of course j
! a counter-action with the opposite views, j
i in other sections of the Union.
"J'* I In consequence of these and other initis
chlents, many ae's of disorder, it is unmt
deniable, have bc<*n perpetrated in K a tuns,
'on I,, ||,o occasional interruption, rather than
' i?: 1 the permanent suspension,of regnlar gov
Hid j eminent. Aggr&?sivo and most repro*
i h?n*ib'e incursions into the Territory were i
; undertaken, both in the No'tii and the j
tvr South, and entorcd it on its northern Lor ,
' n j tier by the w ay of low a, as well as on j
l',? the eastern by way of Missouri ; and
''r'' there has existed within it a ? ? <* of in
Not j surrcction against the constitute*! author!* j
r!ie tics, not without countenance from incon- j
hi, i siderate persons in each of tlie great
?v? I sections of the Union, lt.it the diflirnl
at; tics in t!i? Territory have been extravn*
in I gaudy exaggerated for purposes of pohtir'ia
j eal agitation elaewhero. The liumhur and
*c-1 gravity of llie acta of violence liave bueu
'? magnified partly by statements entirely
rgc untrue, and partly by reiterated accounts
of the same rumors or fac'r, finis the
rp- Territory has been seemingly filled with
ion extreme violence, when the whole amount
self of such acta has not been greater than
de, what occasionally pasms before us in sinT"
gla cities to the regret of all good citizens,
* i' hut without being regarded as of general
*lir or permanent political consequence.
rc* Imputed irregularities in the elections
*?>- had in Kansas, like occasional irregularithe
lies of the same description in the States,
ion were beyond tlio sphere of action of the
? ! Kxecutive. Tint incidents of actual viored
I lence or of organized obstruction of law,
' or pertinaciously renewed from time to time,
ltd j h ate been met as they occurred, by such j
to I nieans as were available and as the civ
in cuinatances required ; and nothing of this
ral character now remains to affect the geneof
I rsl ponce of the Union. 'Hie attempt of
:hc 1 a party of the inhalwtaots of the Territo
nt, i freest ami best political institutions. But
ip- all experience demonstrates that in a
its ! country like ours, where the right of self
in- | constitution exists in the completest form,
*u, the attempt to remedy unwise legislation
u- by resort to revolution, is totally out of
it. place ; inasmuch as existing legal itistitura
tions a fiord more prompt and efficacious
;al i means for the redress of" wrong,
is-1 I confidently trust that now, when the
on j peaceful condition of Kansas affords opto
! porluuity tor calm reflection aod wise
or- legislation, either the legislative assembly
ioh of the Territory, or Congress, will see tlmt
!e- I no act shall remain on its statute book
i violate of the provisions of the Constituon
j lion, or subversive of the great objects for
on ; which that was ordaiuc l and established,
er- : and will take all other necessary steps to
try | assure to its inhabitants the enjoyment,
ho I without obstruction or abridgment, of all
of j the constitutional rights, privileges, and
? I immunities of citizens of the United
its | States. ar? contemplated by the organic
rv j law of the Territory#
ho | Full information in relation to recent
011 events in this Territory will he found in
\i- j the documents communicated herewith
rt>- i from the Departments of Stale and War.
er- [conclvulu next week.]
. ! BOB CR AN DELL'S* SWIMMING.
Bob Crandell visited Eng., last, summer.
i >i.A i:- t.-i
rv to erect a revolutionary governmei
though sedulously encouraged and sn
|>lied with pecuniary aid from active Hg<i
uf disorder in come of the States lias co
pletely tailed, lfouies of armed tin
foreign to theTerritory, have been prevc
ted Iruin entering or compelled to leave
Predatory bands, engaged in ai ts of I
pine, under cover of the existing politic
bsturbances, Imve been ai rested or d
persed. And every well disposed pers
is now enabled once more to devote hi
sell in peace to the pursuits of prusp
>us industry, for the prosecution of whi
he undertook to participate in the sett
inent of the Territory.
It ntVords me untningled satisfacti
thus to announce the peaceful conditi
;f tilings in Kansa*, especially consul
nig the means to which it was necessn
to liave recourse for the attainment of t
end, namely, the cmployinet of a part
the military force of the United States.
The withdrawal of that force from
proper duty of defending the count
against foreign foes or the savages of t
fionticr, to employ it for the suppress!
of dome tic inauii'-ctioii, is, when the e
genet occurs, a matter of the most ca
i .?' so!! iitidc. < hi this occasion of imp
ativ e m ce-aiiv it has been done with I
best ! Milts, and my satisfaction in 1
attainment of such results by such inoi
is greatly enhanced by the considerate
that, through the wisdom and energy
the present Kxecnlive of Kansas, and I
prudence, firmness and vigilance of I
military ? llhers on duty there, trampiil
lias been restored without one drop
blood having been shed in its accompli
incut l y Tin: forces of the United Stal
'The i situation of coinj ara'.ive ti;
?!??".iity in that 'Territory furnishes I
menus of observing ciliuly, and app
elating at their just value, the eve
which have occurred there, and the disc
sions of which the government of t
Teniloiy has been the stfbjeot.
We perceive that controversy eonce
ing iis future domestic institutions was
t viiablo; that no human prudence,
form of legislation, no wisdom on I
part of Cotigre-s, could Lave proven
ibis.
It is idle to snj pose that the parlieu
pi. vifi. ns o| their organic law were
cause of agitation. Those provisions vv
but the occasion, or the pretext of an i
itetion, which was inherent in the nat
nf tilings. Congress legislated upon
subject in such terms as were most cor
riant with tlie principle of popular sov
eignty which uiidcilics our governuu
It could not have legislated otherw
Without doing violence to another gr
principle of our institutions, the itq
scriptihlc right of equality of the sevc
Slut.s
We perceive, also, that sectional in
eats and party passions, have been
great impediment to the salutary opt
ti<>n of the organic principles adopted,:
the chief cause of the successive <!:st
ha noes in Kansas. 1 he assumption tl
because in the organization of the Te
lor.es of Nebraska and Kansas, Cungl
abstained fioiu imposing restraints 11 ]
them to which ceitain other Territo
had !?eon subject, therefore disorders
currcd in the latter Territory, is etnplu
cally contradicted by the fact that ?
have occurred in the lormer. Those .
orders were not the consequence, in K
?as, of the freedom of self govertnn
conceded to that territory by Congr
but of unjust inteference on the part
persons not inhabitants of the lerritc
Stub inletfcrei.ee, wherever it has exit
ted itself, by acts of insurrectionary ci
at ler, or of obstruction to process of I,
has been repelled or suppressed, bv
the means which tire Constitution i
the laws place in the bauds of the K\c
live.
In those parts of the United St.'
where, l?y reason of the inflamed Stat*
the mind, false rumors and ntiereprcs
latinos have the greatest currency, it
been assumed that it was the duly of
Kxccutivc not ot.lv to suppress insun
uuii.try movements r.i tvanaas, Out als<
s?'o to the regularity of local elections
It needs little argument to show that
I'resident has no such power. All g
crnment in the United States rests s
atantialiy upon popular election. 'I
freedom of elections is liable to ho impi
ed by tbe intrusion of unlawful votes
the exclusion of lawful ones, by impro|
influences, by violence, or by fraud. 1
tbe people of the United States are the
selves the all sufficient guardians of tl
own rights, and to suppose that they \
n >t remedy, in due season, any such
cidents of civil freedom, is to supp
them to have ceased to be capable of s
government. The President of tbe U
ted States lias no power to interpos<
elections, to see to their freedom, to c
vass their votes, or to pass upon their
gality in the Territories any more thar
the States. If he bad such power
government might be republican in fc
but it would be a monarchy in fact ; a
if be had undertaken to exercise it in
ease of Kansas, he would have been jt
Iv subject to the charge of usurpati
and ol violation of the dearest righti
the people of the United Statue.
Unwise laws,equally with irregulari
at elections are, in periods of great exc
roent, the occasional incidents of oven
)|) I ?' ?M'V tllU IliVllU^VIIi) UC
n( ' peucd to drop into a coffee house, where
l,0 a lot ofcocknoys wore epeaking about the
I swimming powers of different individuals.
;lv | One gentleman said his friend \\ illiam
,,f | could swim five miles in forty minutes.?
I Another allowed thatTihbetts could do it
os> | in some thirty three minutes and seven
1 eighib?Just here bob asked if he could
;|IC | oiler a remark.
,ro j " \ c8, certainly," .-raid tliey.
ills J This being decided,-Bob opened ?
us ? " i our menu Tttobotts is sumo swimIn.
i mot, gentlemen, but-his performance won)*!
I be considered nothing in America. Ok
r?. j the Mississippi, mm swim so fast that
j?. ' they cro ahead of any pilot steamboats."
no ! ' Nonsense."
die ' " No nonsense at all. To show that I
lcj j atn in>t joking in this matter, I am willing
to make a hot with any person."
ilar I " What is it ?*'
the "That 1 can out swim any man in
t.Te I England, and give him an hour's start ?"
I "For what sum, sir ?"
U'P0 1 " Anything?from fifty pounds to a
t!lr, j California gold mine."
iS(). | " We'll take that bet, sir, and stake
er. a hundred pounds that you can't beat Mr.
j Mullinc and give him that start."
ise i M Very good ; I will take the bet, gents,
, ;i. land here's twenty sovereigns to bind the
,io- bargain."
;r(lt , " When will the swim cotno off!"
; " Immediately."
l(.r. ; "That's preposterous?tho d iv is too
the j fi,r 'Pont."
sin- j " Why my dear sir; I intend
>nd I to hWhn a whole week. In the United
ur. | States it is considered uothing to swim
,ai j that length of time."
r'rj' " Possible !"
ress Yes, sir. Henry Solcnm, of Ne w Or,on
1 leans once swam from Charleston to Curje8
bu. Hut this is wastoing time. Let ua at
oc. once proceed to business."
?ti- " Whore do you wish to start Irom t"
one " band's End."
Jis- " Why there?"
an. " I intend to swim round the Island,
I flli/1 want l*\ta nf too "
eni j ,w%" vl rv*rt wmi.
CM, 1 'liJ idea of swimming round Great
nf i Britain was something that coekneydom
,r.. had never before heard of.
ii?i- ' "Such a pull would kill a ' 'orse," said
li(r. Mtillips, but Hob was used to swdi things.
Mullins persisted, however, in his refusal
tt)| to take anything so absurd, in consequence
tnd which Mullins friends had to come out
eu- w'1^ !l forfeit in the shape of a basket of
champagne. During the remainder of
itcs Dob's stay in England he was looked up,
Gf on as the 44 Meiican prodigy"?the man
r?. i who talked of swimming from London to
lias { ^ova Scotia.
l''? Tyvk-Skttiko nv Macuinkry.?There
rec.
^ are several typo setting machines now iu
operation in New York, also in Paris.?
'. The machine is driven bv a band on a
the .. .... - '
[ pulley, ?no the labor or setting consists in
?l," ^ fingering a set of keys iiko a piano.?
, I ^ Each kind is carried forward on a seper*
ate band, and deposited continuously on
a single tape running diagonally across
' the line of the first; from this j'jond tape
1" ' J they are dropped ;nto a wheel, which, in
1 turn, leaves them standing single file on a
long galley, from which they are taken
and m ule up into lines of proper length.
The extreme capacity of one of these machines
is ten thousand per hour,
ose ^
AsTi.ru for Ikedkiateb.?A petition
n.1" is now in circulation in our city with ref'
10 erance to Man asylum for inebriates*
Rn' wherein they may receive such treatment
'c as shall restore them to ooandueen of health
1 m and sanity of mind, and also to afford aueh
facilities as shall reuder the asylum a self
'rm supporting institution for the now misersbio
victuns of intemperance." The author
lrt? of the potiiion is the same lady who, whb
,st* so much success, petitioned the Leg>?;?ture
on' in 18&4 for the State reform school lot
' girls.? Wore ft ler Tntnaertpt.
lias A sailor looking serious in a chapel ia
ite Boston, was asked by a misiater if he felt
the any change. 4 Net a oeat,' aaid Jack.