The Lancaster ledger. (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, June 21, 1854, Image 2
eon ton t with thoir lot however auspicious i* |
may be. Nations are possessed l?y the same J
restless discontent. They are never satis- (
fied with any amount of present good, but
arc constantly seeking and striving after the
unreal and the unattainable. It would be (
impossible to invent a state of society so
perfect but tlnit a desire would still exist i
for something additional. It is the constant
struggle between the actual and the
ideal. As the actual necessarily partakes of
the imperfections of human nature, the idenl
always has more '.harms, because it is not of
the earth. There is nothing more disastrous
to the individual or tho nation than too
nrdent a pursuit of the ideal at the expense
of the actual. The pursuit of military glory,
the acme of the ideal, has opened perpetual
fountains of human blood. The blind
pursuit of tho ideal in morals or politics, has
iuflieted incalculable injury on tho human
race. It is at least doubtful, whether men, .
with the best intentions, in a reckless attain
ment of tho ideal, have not done more injury
to tho world than men of the worst inten- ,
tions seeking merely the actual. What i
have occjisioncd more desolation and despair
than religious wars ? What infinite !
slaughter did not men w ith the best inten j
tions, in search of a revolutionary ideal, in- <
flict upon France ? Nothing is more dan- '
gerous than philanthropy let loose.
This pursuit of the ideal in this country J
has taken tho form of Abolition. A largo j
portion of tho Northern, people passing by 1
the numerous objects forphilauthropy at their (
own doors, exhaust their abstract benev- .
olence on tho black nice of tho South. |
Founding themselves on the captivating i
abstraction that all men are born free and 1
equal, they hurry to the conclusion that a "
general emancipation is desirable, and that j
they should seek it. They do not stop to |
consider whether emancipation, if attainable, 1
would not bo a curse rather than a bles- '
sing to the slaves. They overlook the
sanguinary struggle which emancipation at f
the South would bring on between the ra- i
ces; they forget that, in this struggle, '
the blacks would necessarily be overwhelmed
and exterminated; they overlook the j
disasters emancipation would bring upon
the whites of the South, who should bo enti- ?
tied to at least as much of human sympathy as 1
the blacks; they overlook the disasters such 11
convulsions at the South would necessarily
superinduce on their own section ; they forget
that the African race of the South are
better off, in many respects, than the laboriug
population of any portion of Europe
and far better off than the same number of
Africans are, or ever have been in any period
of history. They do not look at this
question as a practical one. It is only the
ideal that has any charms for them, They
pursue this ideal at the expenses of the best
interests of the very objects of their sympathy,
at the expense of their country, the
Constitution, republicanism, and the cause
of humanity itself. In all the prolific history
of human follies, none was ever more absurd,
more unreasonable, more pregnant
with disaster than this. It is emphatically
the evil genius of the Republic.
In reviewing the history of the human
race, we find how seldom, and for what
short period, any portion of mankind have
enjoyed tho blessings of good govern ent. '
The folly and wickedness of our nice have
almost invariably incapacitated ihein for i
good government. An avenging Divinity
seems to have incessantly pursued them,
and punished them through their Governments.
Oppression, insecurity, injustice,
perpetual wars, wholesale murders, have
becu tho constant and sad lot of the human
race. If now and then a temporary gleam
of liberty, and peace, and justice, light up
the dark psg09 of the past, it has almost always
immediately disappeared, and left the
world in more profound darknes and despair.
It once seemed that a different and better
fate was reserved for our own country, but
't appears now that wo nro eventually to
run the same career of folly and disaster
that all nations have invariably run before
us. Enjoying a higher degree of prospeii^
ty, and all the advantages of good govern,
inent to a greater extent that has over been
granted to the human nice before, we have
appeared to be the especial favorites of a
benignant Providence; but our blessings
were too gjpat, and the spirit of discord, madness,
and evil rose in our midst to hln9t
our glorious inheritance. Henceforth. I
fear wc are to play the same common-place
follies, and undergo the same disasters, thnt
II other nations have acted and endured.
This nnti-slnvery agitation has already
exercised a most injurious effect upon the
North. I refer not so much to a mcterial
us a iiiu>a! injury. It has inaugurated a fatal
principle, at war with the peace of society,
the higher-law principle?a principle by
which individual conviction is elevated above
the law. According to thi* principle,
no laws, no constitution has any efficncy,
when they come in collission with individ
I rr?i_ i ?_ J _ a a!
uni opinions. x nis principle in uexirucuve
of the social fabric; for the theory upon
which society rests, is, that the will of society,
expressed in its legal form, through
the action of government, is the supreme
law ; but if no law is supreme but such as
meets the approval of each citlrcn, then the
forms of government arc but a mockery,
and society is resolved into its original elements.
This principle having hitherto token
the form of antagonism to slavery, may
not be considered by the North sa practical
injury ; but there is no security that it
wiH confine itself to its present form. It is
? self-relying, self-sufficient, and lawless
spirit; nothing is sacred from its inrouds.
VVs see already that it has taken other
iorra*,sucn *? smi-remism snn lanfl Tot tho
landless. ' This Utter cry has already found
an exponent on the floor of Congress. ?
qpf[ r Land for the landless " will ret i>o a terrible
cry for the North. With density of population,
superabundance of labor,' scarcity
of wages, will come a time when this cry
will find an echo in the northern State*
Then property-holders there may tremble.
The higher-law principle, which is n>w being
established, wHI pare the war for this
cry of land for the landless." The whole
theory of property will bo questioned, and
f it will ho found inconsretsnt with tho l.ighor
law. Tho aionwmt this thoon become*
popular among tho laboring ebagos of the
North, the titles tu cslatss will begin to b?
very precarious. It is surprising that the
property holders or the North do not si
the dangerous consequences involved in tl
ligher-luw principle ol the slavery ngit
Lion.
The North have a peculiar interest In tl
Government; it is einplinticnlly their Go
ernment ; they have the majority ; they co
trol it: they mould its legislation to pr
mote their own interests; they posse:
the larger portion of its patronage ; if ar
people were ever especially interested
the preservation of any Government, tl
peop'c of the North are thus specially intc
ested in the preservation of this Govcr
merit. It is strange, therefore, that tin
should systematically endeavor to destri
it, as they are. doing, by their slavery agit
tion. This agitation, more than nil oth
causes, ill tending to destroy the Gover
ment; and this agit ation they cherish ni
caress, above all things else, as their favo
ito policy. It is not strange, constituted
human nature is, that men should give iul
agitations which may injure others, but
is strange to sue them agitating upon a sn
jeet.the natural tendency of which is to ii
jure themselves. It only shows how blii
we become when we consult our passioi
nnd our imaginations instead of our jud
merits. The obvious tendency of this slav
ry agitation is to destroy the Governmer
NVhat holds the Government together?
sense of its advantages, and a feeling of r
mance. The object of government sngges
its most prominent advantages. The gre
object of government is protection?protc
tion from external nnd internal wrong; b
for the necessity for this protection, goveri
ment would not exist. It may be sai
therefore, that this is the great primary o
jcct of government. And tho loading a
vantage of tlio Government consist* in i
capability to accomplish tliis object. Tl
romance which attaches the people to tl
Government consists in its past history ai
the future before it. This is one of tl:
main pillars of government; it constitul
nationality, and, in proportion to the inte
*ity of this feeling, is the capability of a n
tion for great actions. The want of th
feeling is one of the principal cnuses of tl
nresent humiliation and dismemberment <
[taly. This same want of nationality h
nverwhelmed Germany with innumcrab
nisfortuiics. The presence of this feelir
mabled Spain to drive back the immcm
irmics of Napoleon. It is the possossh
>f this feeling in its most extreme for
vhich has designated France as the great n
ion. Mankind are greatly under the infl
mce of their imaginations?under sneh f
nfluence nations uecoine great.
Both these bonds of union, the sense
idvantage, and the feeling of romance, ha
)cen greatly weakened by this Abolitii
igitation. It found ours an efficient Go
srnment, alfording protection abroad and
ionic, sustained in tho affections of the pe
lie by glorious antecedents and a sublir
"uture. How changed is the scene not
\bolition has paralyzed the Governmci
So far as our foreign relations are co
:erned we are powerless. We have all tl
neans. both material and moral to tl
nost efficient vindication of our rights, b
hoy are harmless in oui hands. Wo ca
lot use them. We cannot go to war wi
my foreign Power There are but thr
intions wilh whom we could be likely, u
ler any circumstances, to be involved
var?Spain, Mexico, and England. No
n what condition are we to vindicate o
-ights, if trampled upon by either of the
Powers ? Is it Spain ? We can only di
omatisc with her. War with her won
lie stigmatized by thai North as a slave
propaganda war, and opposed by her H(
would it he with the South? Would th
not see that in the natural course of even
Spain, in despair, before she relinquish
ker grasp upon Cuba, would decree eraan
pation, and Cuba, uccording to the ductrin
laid down by the North, on the ncquisi'i
af territory from Mexico, would have a fi
ttatiuf 7 i he same mens would render
war with Mexico impossible; and the cert
acquisition of the Canada* could not t
make the South pause before going int<
war with England. So far as the first gr<
ol ject of Government is concerned, deter
against external wrong, melancholy as is t
confession, our Government is unable
perforin its functions. As regards the s
ond form of protection, protection ngaii
internal wrong, our Government is even h
able to discharge its great duty. What
the object of the anti-slavery agitation 1
the eventual abolitiou of slavery in 1
States] The restriction of slavery in
Territories is only one of the means of
complishing this purpose. The abolitior
slavery in the States, implies a war of I
races, causing the greatest convulsions :
disasters to the South. The strange sp
tncle is, therefore, presented iu our Gove
ment, of the dominant section seeking st
dily to turn the action of the Goveriun
into a direction at war with the existence
the weaker section. Is not theGovernm
then fniling to perforin its olfice of pro!
tion against internal aggression ? The G
eminent has, therefore, failed, to a very gr
extent, to perform its most vital functior
The feeling of romance I have alluded
as one of the bonds of the Union, takes t
forms, the memories of the past, nnd
hopes of the future. Those memories
grand and sublime, and a recent period.ee
pnmtively, they all tended to strengthen
idea of union. The tierce struggles of i
ancestors with the Indian for a foothold
this continent, their colonial wars with
French. their great contest for independor
the war of 1812, all illustrate and magr
the idea of union. They exhibit our fc
fathers standing side by sido in the en
and the ennnciC and by their united o!T<
bursting the barriers which man and nut
opposed to the triumphal progrtma of
country. But, in tho latter period* of <
history, dar* shadows of sectional nrroga
and injustice) havo fallen upon our path,i
wo of the South can no longer look b:
with the same pride and pleasure we 01
did. Uuntil this slavery agitation disturi
the unsuspecting confidence of the Sou
car future was the most glorious that e
dawned upon nny oeople. But this disc
dant fiend of Abolition has marred thepr
pect; and instead of hope, greatness, pet
and glory, we see before us disaster, d
cord, war and anarchy. The romance
the Union has been weakened, and is wei
ening more and more every day. The sla
ry agitation has, and is, loosening all I
great bonds of the Union.
It is evident, I think, that this crnu
against slavery, if unchecked at the Nor
will eventually overthrow the Oovornme
Vn nrn/4ni*in.jf ikta raonlt tKa NnrtK is/ill
nn to bum; for the South ask for
right but what is grantod them under t
Constitution, and in any dUforenco of ot>
ion as to those rights tney have been Willi
to abide by the decision of the jndieki
in produeing this result, the North will,
my opidioo, equal in madness any folly
niatorv. One thing, loo, is olsur ; that wbi
aver disasters this anti-slavery agitation m
bring upon the eountry, the South will n
have a monopoly of them. The interest#
ti?o two sections am so interwoven, that i
ory Mow struck by the North at the Sou
resets upon herself; shoesnonly wound tl
South in wounding hemutf. "Hie two nrl
cipnl source* of northern prosperity, k
material point of viosrfeontiM in coinmer
and manufactures; they both receive th<
principal elements of strength from tl
#e South. As the South prospers, they pros10
pef ; *? the South decoys, tbey decay. In.
a- deed, It is not stating the case too strongly,'
to any, that the North have as much interest
ifi in the institution of slavery as the South
have; they have all the advantages ot slavery,
and none of its disadvantages. And yet
11" tiio eastern States, which of. all others, <!??.
rive the most bone lit flroin the institution,
are most bitter against it.
J* Should the present Government, Mr.
Chairman, be overthrown, will the northern
States be able to reconstruct n? good a ono
r" in its stead ? The small States of the North
_ * should remember thnt one of the principal
difficulties in the formation of the present
Government, arose from the unwillingness
of the larger States to admit the smaller to
1 r an equality in the Senate. Will they be
( j able to enter a northern confederacy in this
era of extreme Democracy on equal terms
' * in this respect with the empire States of
jo New Vork, Pennsylvania, and Ohio I It is
extremely doubtful whether they c uld.
Those small States are peculiarly interested
t)_ in the preservation of the present form of
Government. Yet they are generally the
most active in pursuing a policy at war with
the continuance of the Government. In the
? event of a dissolution of the Union, there
j" woulil not he two Confederacies formed,
bntnt least three: for tl\o Stiles on the Fa
' cific ivou'd not have tho folly to mingle them^
~ selves up with tho convulsions of the Allan(t
tic (States ; they would raise tho banner of
independence, and pursne their great career
( * alone. The northern States would be hedged
id by two hostile nations?Kngland ou
(j the North, their natural rival in commerce
and manu tact ores, the slave States on the
j South, exasperated by all the antecedents of
,J disunion. Tho lirst necessity of tho North
~ then would be a strong government largo
)0 standing armies, a great navy, and heavy
taxes. To what extent liberty Would suffer
|o under the pressure of these necessities it is
03 not ditlie 11 It to say. It is n striking fact in
history that no people surrounded by pow~
erful enemies have Veen able to preserve
j* their liberties. Why is England tl o only
free power in Europe ? Not merely because
()j- she has magna r.harta and the writ of hari(s
ftcas carpus, but because she has the Straits
le of Dover. Her insular position securing
' her from attack, dispenses with the necessU
ty of vast stindirjg armies nnd permits he.m
to be free. WeTiave hitherto enjoyed th:a
|U signal advantage to a greater extent than
a even England, nnd this is one great causo of
u our freedom. In disunion the North will
" no longer enjoy tliisadvantige ; and if liberty
should not perish, it would be the first
time in history that it had not under similar
of circumstaneea. That a dissolution of the
vo Union would bo followed bv wars long conon
tiliued, fioree, \ indictive, cruel, and bloody,
v- is too consonant with human nature for us
at to doubt; hut I forbear longer to dwell upo
on so repulsive a picture,
ue Before the North, are two futures, one
v! disunion, anarchy, chaos, loss of liberty, init.
glorious wars, a miserable plagiarism of the
n- South Amurieen Republics; the other union,
he a continuance in the most signal course o(
he prosperity, unparalleled ^runtiieas and glory,
ut n-d the preservation of free* institutions,
n- Who but a madman would hesitate which
th to choose. For my own part, whatever inch
ee Aiu-holy forebodings I may have upon this
n- subject, 1 Ardently hope, as a lover of huin
inanity, that the people of the North may
w, be induced to cho >se the wiser course. Ever
cry tiling depeuds upon the North ; we ol
es tho South are in the minority; we are pasip
aive ; ive make no war upon them or their
ild institutions ; we desire concord, if it be po?.
iry sible; we demand merely justice nnd the
>w Constitution ; less than that we * could not
ey demand with safety to ourselves.
lxHE LEDGER
t'C- ' ' _
LANCASTERVILLE. 8. C.
ent ??
ffEpygaPAY JUNB ?,m
Apologetic.?Mr. Boy cue speech, am
eat other nrticlos, prevent ui from inserting
is. much uditoriul matter. We believe tliej
' will prove mm interesting to our readers a
anything we could write, eapecially whei
art, we know of nothing of much importance t<
>m- engage the attention.
our Thaskm.?The Hon. Josiah J. Evans
on will accept our thanks for a copy of "Mexi
t',e can Claim*. Report Select Committee."
ico, | m |
>fy Mr Boyck's Hpkf.cii.?We are satisfiet
>rc* the Hpuech of Mr. Boyce, which we publisl
irts lo-('?y? w'" ^ rwt^ attentively and witl
ure much prone. As our readers are aware, .*!;
the B. is the member to Congress from the 6tl
Dur Congressional District, composed of York
tnd tester, Fairfield, Ac.
Kli This is his second speech in the Hous
nee of Representatives, and characterised b
,0<i talent and research as this is, the first w*
l"1' no leas so.
rer , , ^ ,
"r* Large Connn.?W. A. Moore, Esq., th
OS*
icu other day brought us a stalk of cotton or
|j8. which we observed six or sovon forms?il
of was from the plantation of Mr. John N,
'* Faulkner?a thinning oat atalk at that.
Oats?Mr. J. A. Hosoeltine showed 11
a bundle of very protty oets the other dai
^ It measured first in height. We hopt
nt' he has a large crop.
Corsul. To Grkos.?We are much pleas
he ed to announce that on Friday last a nomi
in- nation waa made to the Senate of the Unite<
States, by President Pierce, of our worihj
fellow-citizen, Alexander Herbemont, Sr.
in as Consul to Genoa. This sppointuien
?t- gives much satisfaction to the friends of Mr
*7 Herbemont, and we are sure will be favors
bly received throughout the State. He h
|V. well known aa a gentleman of high nharac
th tar, exaet buainese habits, and sdmirabf*
qualifications for such a poet. We roagrat.
' * ulate (ha government on the appointing
v() of one who we are sure will prove bimsell
sir * reliable and efficient representative of her
he interest*? Cmrotinimn.
' 4 j J& ' *
OOMMXJHICATIOlf S. Ore
. .. - ?_ an i
[For the Ledger.] S. ]
Mk. EdiTmK?An there seems to be male j*4"'
dissatisfaction io reference to the vote t gave, ^
In the Legislature, upon tho proposition to
make the white population of the State tho ?
basis for tho distribution of the Free School ?? '
fund, I hope you will allow mo the privi- ('1"
lege of explaining, through the columns of an
your valuable paper, my course in reference * ,
to that subject.
Before I speak of tho action of tho Login- "(
latere upon tho free school question, 1 will a
state that, during tho course of '52, I took ^
the ground distinctly, that the poor children __
of the State, wore tho only proper basis for jj..
the distribution of the fund?giving to each t
district and parish in proportion to the num- j
ber of its poor children. But if this could j
not be effected, I was in favor of mnkjng tho
white population of V o State the basis of f
distribution, instead of the present, believing i
that, thereby, tho distribution of the fund c
would be more equal. After expressing 1
y myself thus, both publicly and privately, I 1
was elected; for which honor I then felt, '
and still feel, grateful to tho people of my
district. With these views, and feeling n
deep interest in this subject, I went to tho *''
Legislature in '52. After consultation with '
some of the most prominent and experienced vaf
members, 1 found that, on account of n want ml
of tlie proper information in reference to the bc<
number of poor children in each of the dis- a ^
tricts und parishes, it would be impossible to
so framen Bill, making the poor children of *,n
tho State the b isis of distribution, without Bu
such objections as would insure its defeat, I boi
thcrsfore abandoned it. I then offered a Bill, UP
through some discouragements, however, to
o alter and amend the Free School laws of
South Carolina, as to increase the appro- ]
priation to fifteen thousand dollars, and pjc
make the wliite population of the State the lne
basis of distribution: This Bill was referred y0|
to the Committee on Kducation, of which I pr(
was a member; when it came before the ori
Committee for consideration, I found that I
was almost alone in reference to that yQI
cl.'.nse of the Bill which proposed to make jnt
the white population the basis of distribution.
After discus-big the question, 1 was Mjlf
assured the Committee would report against
tho Bill. Knowing how difficult it was to j>|1|
pass a Bdl in tho House, when reported a
gainst by a Committee, and, in all probabili- mii
ty, if this passed the Honse.it would be de- Rjt(
. footed in tlie Senate on account of this
clause, I said to the Committee, that my dia,
triet, together with mnny others, needed jy (
more money than they would get, accordto
the present basis of distribution, if the ^
appropriation was not increased beyond j.(
fifteon thousand dollars, and must have it q '
or their poor children must go untaught, and
proposed to the Committee that if it would (
recommend an increase of the appropriation
to seven ty-four thousand four hundred dol:
lars ($74,400) 1 would consent, when the
M Bjli came before (he House again,to strike K?
I out the clause making the shite population
' tho basis of distribution. This proposition
Wfis agreed to by tho Committee, I believe,
without a dissenting voice. Before this l'u
Bill caine In-fore the House agnin.Uie gener.-tl
appropriation bill camo up for conside- *"
ration, which proposed the former Free ^
School appropriation, to wit: thirty-seven erv
Thousand two hundred dollars, ($37,200). ^
Col. Asbmore, of Sumter, moved to nmend l,,t'
that clause of the Bill by strikiug out 36,200
und inserting seventy-five thousand, ($75, tr
000), I suggested to him to so modify his
motion as to make it seventy-four thousand ne
four hundred, as a Bill from tho Committee nv
on Education proposing that amount would nn
come up in due timo, he accepted my suggoat
ion. Mr. B. P. Perry, of Greenville, 'nl
thou submitted this smcuduient: "Provided,
the said sppropriation be apportioned among Sc
the scverul districts and parishes in prnpor- ,nl
' tion to the while population of tho State, ,l'
believing that an increase in the appropria- v''
tion was important, and as I felt confident ^
the amendment was otl'ured for the purpose, ot
and would linre, ifit passed the house, the ,v
'l effect of defeating the entire lucssure in the Pl
, Senate, and as I hud Agreed, (as I have be- ftt
\ fore atuted), with the Committee on EduCa- 111
# tion, to strike out from Iho Itill tliut I had ai>
offered, this same proposition, for the pur.
# pose of furtlier increasing the appropriation,
and rendering its passage more certain, I di
voted against Ferry's amendment, not that w
b I was opposed to muking the w hite populo*
tion of the Stato the basis of distribution, oo
but for tho reasons, in part, above stated. an
j I have thus, Mr. Editor, briefly, though I p?
lt trust, satisfactorily, explained my course in T
. reference to this subject. " v th
Respectfully, W. C. CAUTIIEN. an
'' [For tho Ledger.] to
After a abort perusal of the Ledger, I find hi
0 .Mr. R. H. Hailey's name used as s candidate ni
y for a seat in the lower branch of the State ?
9 legislature. I felt truly proud when I |>erceiv- br
ed his name inserted among that honorable
body ef men. Simply for this, and other f?
e reasons combined of like character, viz: pi
> fie was the flrst that successfully introdu- ee
ced a n: wapoper Into onr district?the first pr
man to manifest so much interest io the th
welfare of our people. Ho has devised a T
plan by which the laboring portion, as well lit
* as other clasaea of our community rosy derive
comfort, while sitting around their home fr'
' fire-sides. It being s district pspcr, many ^
ru infnrmMl ks imntslmr if
might not, otherwise, have hai an opportn- M
. nity. I find that knowledge in being more en
] generally diffused than K win prior to the ha
f establishment of the Ledger. I admire Mr. di
,, B. for Ills v*i? decided manner?h? don't lb
t bide his fanlte and fkilinge an some man da, th
if he conduct# hlmaell improdentiy, he freak- ab
ly confesses it, if acquired?and if he sees ?
i anything wrong In the eoodaet of others,
. he Is sot ashamed or afraid to acquaint * 1
i them of it. Soeh vet are Beaded In the de
. Hates tan Of Ated priaciplee and deter- **
\ mined purpose, should go there, sod if oar M
1 my sotoaoasd Jbistd is the mas, why or
not go into the mailer like heroes, sad sleet a
him this is the motto of Salem Camp e?
#
m
?
mod, and the surrounding country. We
i united body highly recommend Mr. R.
Bailey as being a suitable candidate to
present us in our next Legislative tneet*
It Is true that Mr. B. is not Intimately
uainted with the majority of the people
bis district, but if thoy will peruse the
umns of the Ledger they will And his
iliticAtions and principles fully developed,
1 that is the most suitable recource by
ich we can solve mysteries which are in.
ible to the eye?the tree is generally
>wn by its fruit. We hail our friend with
earty success. D.
SW YORK C0RRE8P0HDEKCR.
dues* of the Bummed-Preparation* tor Ruaieating?Commencement
of the Kxodua?
Sight hundred Arrival* s day at Saratoga?
fore Jeremiads about our city Government
?Model Reformers?The Street*?Getiin u(wilt
in the Held?Aldcrruanic Feeling* Wounled?Rowdyism?The
Angel Gabriel at hi* '
ikl Trick*?Riot in Brooklyn?Sentence of
lli^jor Wyae?Fall in the Price of Beef and
Hour?The Strawberry Market?Grand lluscal
Congress.
New York June 14, 1854.
'. Editor :
Summer has thna fur treated us with a
it deal of consideration. Here we are in the
ddle of Juno, and as yet the mercury has
pn without exercise, end thin coats are at
liscounL We bioss the pleasant breezes,
i can hardly realize that last year this
m we were sweltering under visitations
it smacked of Ethiopia. The accustomed
its have not yet made their appearance;
to the present point the season has been
??"Weak and mild
And gentle as an unwearied child."
Notwithstanding thin, however, onr peobegin
to show the usual signs of Sumr
emigration. Old men and matrons,
Ling men and maidens, are all engaged in
pnrntior. Patching and packing are the
Icr of the day. Nothing is in the head
1 heart of youngsters but vacation, and
ungstcrs of a larger growth Recm to be
cut on the same subject. All who can
ic the needful will be off. No mutter if
irp bargains have to be sacrificed and the
er of Mammon for a time grows cold; let
siness for a while give way to pleasure.
I'he exodus, indeed, has already comnccd.
The steamboats and railroad cars
>w it, teeming a a they do wi'h Iminnn
i. Saratoga, that Eldorado of young
irts, shows it, with it* eight hundred didarrivnls.
Yet flows the living tide. Ay
to the fields ! Away from the scorchparcmentsnrd
pestering corruption of the
) to the fresh atmosphere of the fields;
r whole population during the summer
son seem t*> feel with .the poet that
ad made the country; but man nistlc the
town."
Mas! man not only made the town hut
merits it, as wc poor New Yorkers conntly
realize. Most of our present Corpoion
dignify themselves with the name of
formers and were elected as such; but
y have exhibited to us poor specimens
Reform. Our city was never governed
irac or nt greater expense. The very
imuiittce under whose auspices our prest
city charter was obtained, ai.d our Alrmen
and Cowncilmen were elected, are
named of the rcaulte, and can only beg
L-ir fellow-citizens V> try it again foranothyear
and hope for better fortune next time,
i to cleaning the streets, Mr. Glazier, the
w Commissioner, has not yet seen fit to
rard the contracts, and broouis and carta
i' therefore among the things that were.?
[>r does it look si sil as if he intends tnnkg
contracts; he probably purposes doing
e cleaning and fingering the money himIf.
Meanwhile the streets are full of reek*
g filth and with the u-unl hot sun of July
rmeuting it, nothing but the mercy of Prodence
coin avert pestilence from our limits,
enin, who a short timo since as Chairman
' a Committee of merchants, had Broadway
rept every night throughout, sent in n pro.
isition to the Alderman two days since to
tend himself to thu proper cleaning of the
iteenth Ward, in which lie resides, and
ked them to appropriate $400 a week for
c purpose. The worthy officials regarded
is communication as derogatory to their
gnity and ordered that It b? returned to the
riter!
Dirt is not the only difficulty we have to
intend with in this great city ; rowdyism ia
(Other evil of fearful magnitude. We exist
a riot aa regularly aa Sunday cornea.?
he half-craxed knave who style* himself
e Angel Gabriel ia allowed to hold forth
id his violent tirades are always sure to
ovoke s row. Sunday he went over
Brooklyn, attended by a crowd of neverat
indred fanatics like himself. The llihen
ana who listened to his harangue berame
tcited, and a general melee ensued in wMeh
oken heads were frvely given and reeeiv.
L This demonstration was effected; and
rtunately the Sheriff had sworn in 150 deities
fsr the occasion, and several military
>mpenies had been kept under arms. The as
omptl) proceeded to the spot, disponed
e rioters, and made a number of arrests.-?
he prisoners have been tried with a prompude
unprecedented in the annala of trimal
justice, and sentenced to imprisonment
Ikm tktrilf Ammm I/* ml m ? asli?? J* ?
? ??/ " ?<* nivmiw, acwnnnn 10
eir deeerte.
Major Wyee, lately triad before a Court
artial at Governor* lalaad, for deeliruag to
ibark with bin command on the Faleon,
bees found guilty of disobedience of erw
re; but being recommended to teeisy by
Court, ioatead of being dlamiaaed trwa
a service, baa been aosteceed mereiy to
t months' aoepeaaioo. The department
ry jnetly ease or as the odteora aprepaabig
e Board st Krsahdiaa lor selecting ooeb
vessel to perform the trip, there being no
nbt that eh* eras, as M^jar Wyss (Ana*
leeaworthy ; eUU, K is bold that tltb dees
t excuse him foe dbobedtesce to a as pari
ofReer.
Oar markets are bseoaalsf deeidodly mora
mfortable. Boef, within a fcw days, baa
fallen 3 eta. per lb. ften the unreuoatblfl I
rates which hare lately prevailed. Choice i
porter-steak* can now be procured for 90 i
eta. a pound and other cote in proportion.? t
Flour, also, has experienced a sodden and I
most healthy decline from $9.60 to |8 for
common state brands. Choice state, Wee- t
tern, and Canadian may be had for #8 AO ; I
Southern is a figure higher. Strawberries
are now beginning to come in abundantly.
The steamer from Key-port, new Jersey, on
Friday last brought In 418,100 baskets. They
retailed at 4 centa apiece ; but It must be remcmbercd
that the baskets are decidedly
dwarfish in their dimension ; Tom Thumb
alone could swallow hnlf a dozen of them
without feeling uncomfortable.
The musical world is on the tiptoe of ex* (
pacta'ion for the grand musical Congress
which Is to conie off to-morrow nt the Crystal
I'nlnee nndur the joint anspiccs of Burnum
and Jutlien. Fifteen hundred artists
arc to take part in the exercisea. To-day
there will be two rehoarsnls, and to-morrow
nt 4 o'clock the doors will open. The entertainment
will cost 9*20,000. By their
charter, the Aasociation are prohibited from
charging more than 60 cents for admission ;
they get over the difficulty in this case, how- .
ever, by admitting people for fifty cento, and
then charging them a dollar and a half for a
reserved scat llnmum understands it.?
The programme includes a great rnriety cf
pieces by Handel, Haydn. Mendelsohn, and
other distinguished composers.
Wise, tho great aeronaut, made a successful
balloon ascension from the palace ground
Inst Thursday afternoon. It was witnessed
by crowds.
v...,?
HUDSON.
FOREIGN NEWS.
ARRIVAL OFT HE
ARABIA AT NEW TORE.
THREE DAYS LATER FROM ELROrr.. .
New York June, 13.
'Hie Canard *'emu ship Arabia has roar lied
her dock nl Jersy city, with advice* from
laverpool to the 3d inat.?three days later
than received by the Pacific.
The commercial intelligence brought by
the Arabia i* highly encouraging. Cotton
had advanced one-eighth of a penny per
pound; all descriptions of brcadalufi* had
gone up materially, and the general aspect
of trade waa decidedly better.
The war newa ia again vary interesting,
but the miscellaneous political information
< is totally devoid of genera) interest.
The Black Warrior affair and the demand
of our government for the various outrages
perpetrated upon our flag by Spanish oflki J*
during a period of eighteen years, still formed
the chief topic of discussion and negotiation
at the Court of Mndrid. The last report
waa that the difficulty was really advancing
towards a settlement.
All wss quiet in England and France.?
Some stir had been aroused In British political
circles by a report that Ixird Palmerston
would shortly assume the ministerial
manngement of the War Deportment. As
this chango in the Ministry has for s long
time been the subject of comment, it is more
than probable there is good foundation for
the rumor.
The weather waa fine in England, nnd the
prospect of the harvest promising.
Bullion in the Bank of England was increasing.
me War im
THE OPERATIONS AT SILMTMA, ETC.
The statement per Pacific, thai Ihc Run- 1
hi mux had been driven from SilUtria with
(rrent loan, turna out to have been somewhat
exaggerated. The Turks have, however,
successfully repulsed them in three different
attempts they have made to cross the Danube
with the view of (.sining possession of
the place. The Russians admit that they
would be unable to capture the place in less
than A fortnight.
At the last dates Omar Pacha, chief commander
of the Turkish army, was advancing
to ths defence of SlUstria with about ninety
thousand men.
Prior to commencing this march a council
ol war waa held at Varna, between Omar, and
the Knglish and French commanders, at
which it was decided that the armies of the
allien should push forward to Adrianople.
MOVEMENTS Of THE n.EETS.
The report of the bombard as <n.i and destruction
of some of the Hango outpost is
confirmed, bnt the strongest or mnln fort
had not been captured.' It) addition to the
squadrons in the Black Bra and the Baltic,
il.. -im i ?t -
mc mutTH iiivo now orirHninffl 10 pluc
strong nnvsl force In the White 81m; and
in addition despatched aereral vessels towards
the Ciraaaaion coast, when finding
that the Russians had abandoned and destroyed
their fhrts In thai vicinity they returned
to the neighborhood of Behsoto
pol
The blockade of the cities bordering the
Block 800 continued to ho rigidly enforced,
but no farther demonstration hod hcen outdo
against Heheotopot. The monotony trao
occasionally enlivened by a mee between
the reconnoitre!ng steawrs of the English
and Russian squadrons, whenever oither of
the portion catered into tnoUeee proitmitv
to il*? other. This tomprWe ibnirt mil ll??
nivil fighting that km lately taken plane.
ttWTIu'l DtliM on ttWi.
Rumia in positively ordered ?o >wwa?
the PrineipaUtke by Anetria. A iiwfoe
benr'.ag thin ferial dreamt, wee In Ware
Vienna on the U int.
Both A oati la end Proani* were other* tea
actively preparing to eoopermte with the
Weotora Pewtm.
v e twk rent Tien or eiuci.
King Othn had aeeadtd to thn demand*
,f the allies, and in order to illoetrate hi*
unicable intentions, bad reconstructed hi*
einistry ; bat it was doubted whether thi*
movement on the part of the King would
have the effect of quieting the insurgents.
A force of eight thousand Frenchmen had
taken pease?ion of the Pinses, the strongs
hold of the inanrgeote.
OBOBOtA Aim C1XCASSIA.
The independence of Georgia had bcert
proclaimed.
We have nothing later relative to tbe ope*
rations in Circnssia.
Important from Washington*
WAsmsoTo*, June, Id.
Government has received despatches front
Comguxiore Perry annonncing thst he has
it length sncecfdcd in opening the ports of
Japnn to the eommerre of the United Stn us
Considerable excitement has been produced
among the politician* hereby thedis.
covcry of tbe Cict that the Nebraska Kansas
bill leaves the old law relative to foreigners
in ftill force. This is oven more restrictive
against foreigners than was the Clayton
amendment, which was rejected, for it excludes
nil foreigners from territories, ex.
ceptlng when provided with a passport from
the Secretary of War Col. Benton is said to
have made the discovery. An amendment
to expunge this objectionable feature from
the Nebraska Kansas bill will soon be intro.
durcd. and thoa the excitement on the sub.
ject wili be opened afresh. '|
i ne ocnaie 10-any connrmcd the commercial
treaties recently negotiated with Uruguay
and the Argentine Republic.
Mr. Douglas offered a bill to fix the nnoual
meeting of Congress on the first Mon*
d??r of October.
The House was engaged during most of
the day in discussing the Civil and Diplomatic
Appropriation lib.
GRKBNTTLI.k Fabrics f?r N. York.?Our
readers will, no donbt, be surprised to learn
that almost the entire productions of three 4
of the largest manufacturing establishment* a *
in this District are constantly sent to New
York, but aueh la the fact. For several
months past, thero have been standing contracts
with wholesale houses in that city I ?
with the Bateaville Cotton Factory, and
Me Bee's and Dunham's Paper Mills, for nil (
the Paper and Yarn they can make, and inrge
quantities have already been forwarded
So much for our Railroad.?Mountdncer.
We learn from the \'?wl?orrv (S. ('.)
Srntinel, that en the 8th inst, Thornton, the I
slave of Dr. Jm. K Bobo, was tried before
Magistrate P. M. Courts, at Saluda Mills
for the murder of Olivkr Towlks, the over- A
seer of Dr. BoBO. The court convicted &
Thurnhm and sentenced him to Ihj hanged
no Friday,the 23d inst. |
Person* who served in private armed abide I
during the war of 181'J, and were wounded,
are entitled, by a recent set of Congress, to B
a pension. The Commissioner of Pensions
announces thst the following evidence of
their being entitled to the Iwncfits of the B
law will be required, vix: Sworn declaration
or memorial, setting forth t'?e vessel to fl
which the pensioner belonged; his r.ank or
station: when paid, and in what in inner
disabled ; monthly rate of pension, ami 'B
date to w hich last paid. Evidence of identity,
either by affidavit or two cruditablc wit- J
neases, or the certificate of a Justice of the
Peace. The nobve evidence to be authenticated
by the certificate, under s"?l of the
proper officers, showing the official character
of the Justice of the Peace, and to be for- p *
warded, together with the original pension
certificate, to ttie Commissioner's office.
Tiik Court.?The Equity Court for this I
District adjourned Thursday evening last,
after four days of hard and constant labor.
ChaRcrllor Di-rbis presided with his usual
ability and dignity and dischuged his responsible
and arduous duties, as far as we hare 1
learnt, with entile satisfaction. His prcs- B
nee among u- contributed no loss to tlm B.
pleasure and enjoyment of his aeqiiainlaiiees
than to the maintenance of oqnitv and fl
justice in the community. He leaves in
fine health and spirits for other fields of duty
amid a general regret that his stay could
r.ol be prolonged. We know on man who B
weares the ermias of authority with more B
grace and dignity, or who combine* more of 1
th? "sn ivliM in ??*?? ' ?Oi- U..or .ai. JU iffi
... ??~ mr -ltirnvi'^Mn
re" than Cakckllou Ducats. Mia prrvrt^p*'
in any eommunity^iaaeauae ofcongralulatin
and almoal a guarrantee in Itself of tho good
behavior and deenrnm of all within the reach
of hia Influence. We wiah him a pi vasnnt ' 1
time in tho farther discharge of hia dutin
and a aafv return to hia famly.?Sumter Ban.
mr. ^
Tat Paueriaous CouDiTto* or Cn*aIjOT
. K.?Aa an evidence of the prnapemu* *
condition of Charlotte at this time, we mention
that onr enterprising townsmen Taylor
& Allison have four m.vehioea for mannfuct
tiring Brick, hy which tliey are able to tnnn
<?tV forty thonaend a day, and yet they eannot
supply the demand. A few days since a' , .
Cntleman, one ef the Directors of tbn BraiK'h>
nk of the State, applied to them for brick,
at per 1000 at the kiln, for building a
bonk honae, and w?e turned off, they alleg.ng
that they could not more than All the orders,
which they already had. These gentlemen
have a large number of hands at work, and
still advortiso for wore. They are now engaged
in building a very large 4 atory Grist
and Sow Mill for Mr. Lreov Snrfaew
two aqttarve Mat of fhe politic eqnarv, w hie ft,
whon ItnUhvd, will long More m a monument
of their arehUecloral oklll, and of the
public spirited liberality of ita owner. And
whilst Uleeera. Taylor 4k Allison are fortifying
the presprm* of the town about the
sale* with brick anil tartar,ear akillfal and
tarpon tor*, Rniliitll, l^oh#, |&)atlnr%
Jem*ti, BerryhUi and others arc huliding up
and extendlne ita i i n? ? I u>?iu - 1 *
Dumber of private residence*, according " I .
the Mat approved and Uatefai modrl* of TL
" wwwwiwiw i vws vhpln fy??m
tftf ow low# knt<> Mm atee dmI appearance A
dip I? MM? to ti*t Mattering pro*- '
K. We may my, end mieljr any, thai there j
4 a More thrifty, prosperous, and indu*- I i
M da** of farmers In the etorld thaa "J
thoee of old Meek ten be ff. They *11 h.n? jA
ae hmk> money mlhor wanmremrrrowridoi
with an abend*Me* ?f all the eooifori* ef I
tile, and. even eflmieeb a degree of atyle ia l