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c p pN l U?i o n frj:; "V" ; ; ? ~ * ' ?vi ^Vor the Is'door. (ar he Free-Stjfcppl system of So. Ca. |IU thr v Nt'MBKR III. ||^,| <# ('K In the preceding numbers we have eonsid- | ] ered the present Free School System as he- . t;0 ing organically defective, and that thi&di feet j (ju extended t?> the mode of the distribution of ,.js ho Fund. We have also endeavoured to I ? , . cr prove, that tli^prescnt mode of distribution, p,u ^accordi^ to Ill-presentation HI the House of f.(] Representatives, is ui.just, unequal, anil un- j t-u, wise. | The remedy, then, demands sueh a reor- co gani/atiou of the present system as will re- | move these objeetionable features, and, at the same time, aeeomplish the ohjeet and ' the purposes of the institution. This ean ! ,lt be done by distributing the Fund among the j si, several Parishes nn& Districts (Flection [>is- ; . tricts) in the^Btatojfcu'cori/irtg to irhi'e jinj ulation. 1*^ * I .j This furnishes the only sure and praetieal | . mode of reading the subjects,and accomplish- j u) HR ing the objects and purposes of the system, j n( The Free School System,in its praetieal ope- i ration, being a beneficiary institution, the funds should be applied strictly to the subjects, the indigent, and in proportion to tlie t(. number of such, in the several Parishes and ^ Districts; hut this number cannot be correct- J ly ascertained ; for tlie reason, that it would p bo impossible to fix and observe a correct and (|. filiform standard throughout the Stale.? jj Those might be deemed fit subjects for the ^ free school fund in one District or Parish.w ho r(l would not he so regarded in another. Vo n| . fix a general rule, which would lm definite, i) certain, oltd equal, would require sueh a p knowledge of the pecuniary circiunstar.c s of p the people as it is impossible to obtain. White _ , .?.vv/ ^tiut ciglHJ-IIH', ^ IIIM3 I J* inhabitants in the State, according to the I usWfensus taken in 181'.). To increase the Fund j to Fifty Thousand Dollars, and to distribute j ^ it according to white population, and will p() give to every thousand white inhabitants,one WJ hundred sad seventy-eight dollars and tliirty-two cents, and in that proportion. a j Tho present Fund, under the net of 1811, Gf amounts to thirty-seven thousand and two ft | hundred dollars. If this fund were distribu- ^ ted according to white population, it would na givpto every thousand white inhabitants, jj? ^onejnuridred and thirty two dollars and six- ?jj ly-saven cents, and in that proportion. As the present fund is n#w distributed {according to representation in tho House (j0 of Representatives,) the proportion, to tho thousand white inhabitants, varies in the several Parishes and Districts, us taxation W|) contributes more or less, to membership. To show the great inequality of the pre ?C1 sent mode of Attribution of the Free School j,a( PunA, an example in taken from tho Election op, Districts. j The District of Morry with a white popu.Ration of four thousand v*o hundred- nnd forty-nine, (being entitled to member, <] * tffWer the apportionment of member ?nd |ar under (lie appropriation, te three hundmi defers for each member) receives the Hum ^ ofutrec hundred dollars. ^Thia givTa that jB? District, jinder the present mode of distribu- ran iion, but seventy dollVrs aud sixty cents to tj,e the thousand white inhabitants; whilst, the Parish of Dt. Thomas and Ht Dennis, with jor n WbitjywpuUtion of only two hundred and ^o i fiftyfepPfand entitled to one memlMT,) is ^ aljo^l three hundred dollars, and conV- got a * ? f 0 # ?9 % population tortus the only practicable bas s.? j . There,the subjects of the fund are to be found; j and the proportion of the indigent in any given population will be very nearly the same: sufficiently near, at least, in the absence of / one more correct, to furnish a general rule. 1 To distribute the fund, according to white ? population in the several parishes and districts ^ would he more just, equal, and u ise : and f when South Carolina adopts this mode, she F will then have done her part, and the respon ibility of the success of Free Schools will j, rest upon her citizens. ~ This change, we believe to he necessary I to give efficacy to any improvement which i ' may hereafter be attempted, and to enlist the ; cordial support of the people. Without it, p any such proposition for improving the sys- 1 tern must meet with opposition, and receive I a reluctant support. This change must lie ' effected, first of all, before any plan of ope- j ration can he successful and prove to he sat- p. isfactory. It is the lirst thing to be done. I before my forward movement can he made, j ' it is a turning point in the whole scheme, j j, lying back of the many propositions which j - hav^ictcto^ore been made in reference to ^ t ^the whole matter; it is i^%tuinbling block, j * in the outset and must always operate to ! baffle every effort to advance the progress of i j the institution, to render it useful and to give ; satisfaction. * < It has been proposed in order to remedy ' the present distribution, that each election District should pay its own Free School ex- ; Delist s I ' This is subject to many of tho objections ^ j which have been urged in this article in op- J position to the present mode of distribution. . The Free School system is a State institu- ( tion, and the Slate as such is to be benefit- > tod by it. and every citizen stands alike, and | . in the same relative position to the State.? j .Almost nM of the other propositions, which ? have been made upon the subject, such as a general superintendent of Schools, ex- ^ tend to the practical operation of the sys- ( tem. These may coine up for consideration j tli under a review of the system in that eoimec- i tii tion. : S; The Grand Jury of lj\ncaster District, I di Fall Term 1?51, in their presentment recommended, that the Fund be increased to ; Fifty Thousand Dollars, and to be distribu- i ted according to white population. This increased appropriation, wo believe to be proper and necessary, to render the system r more effectual, and to provide for the education of a greater nurfffcer.and moreover ne- j, coosary, to assist a middle class of citizens, ju f?y^hom no adequate provision has. hereto- ^ foip^bcen made by the State. nj. ^Thcre were two hundred nnd eighty thou- nv Jt iiunrl. tkrno llnn^eo/l nr\A entlv, entitled to receivo the sum of one |dred and nineteen dollars and twelve its, tor e/ory ono hundred white inhabU j its,or in the proportion of one thousand,one i mired and ninety-one dollars ^ind twenty- i co eentj, for every tlmuuMttfi white inhabuts. 'fliese are^lie extreme cases, but y Ahibit a frightful inequality. ^ In conclusion, we observe, that the quoa*.! n of tho Justice, or Policy of the nppfl^W Iinieut of iiicuib??^umong tlic several 1*0- j lies anil Districts TTi the State is altogitha different one, from this?of the distribum of the Free School Fund. With that icstion, we have nothing to do in this nrle. The opportionmcnt of members is troduced lu re, only, as it bears upon the iisiH'Tatinn of the distribution of the Free j .diool Fund, and for no other purpose. We would remark, however, that we are | it disposed to disturb the principle of taxion and Population being n basis of reprcntation. It is but just and proper that propershould be protected, and to be protected, lould be represented ; there is a titness in I : but we do object to a principle, which akes fha! apportionment the basis of distribtion of a Free School Fund. There is 110 fit's* in this : there is no justice or equity in it. lie means ignores the end: Truth does [>t lie in that way. For the purpose of showing the unequal aeration of the Free School system, among 10. several election Districts in the State un r the present mode of distribution of the | uud, and to exhibit at one view, its etfeet pon each District and Parish as at jn-esatt stribnted. and when distributed according i white population we have prepared the Mowing table, in which will bo found, the nnber of white inhabitants in each election losher nnd his family.** F cussed, and ripd, and swore, nnd_ snorted, tel I thort assy Creek wood turn to wineger elene wn to 44 Bccver dams." But it dun no od; for thar wos the picter, still it woa, d it war'nt a dog-tipe neother, it'war'nt It 1 ir j>artited,with a stinkin grese, or linsede 1 Every time I techt the ahockin thing, it ' t a stink on my fingers. My jack it pocket I 1 it all over it, for I toted it thur afore I j pnod it?-the skunky thing! But I'll not kepe lettin on till I find out r>4|pt, and ef I don't give them a party j ter, my nnme aint Hosher, it aint, t The aerkft rider in these trampina is a reg- t wake-up chap, I tellyerheFs; he won't * no boddy else preche in the church at I itwow but hisself-?and aich prechen it \ "Of?V Jerryko! whar am dy walla and <1 i norn trump**!" He haa command ov v March wins, for 'ha blowed up the mud c a out ov the gineral's mB Mu\; and Ma- % Ringgold, poor feller, mint got. no place ii tale hi* bote, nor to shute ditcka, nor to a a Aahin in I'll tell yer ov a diffikilty Ito h i in truth a aedar p^j^er who woe a nice a # # istrict, the number of Representatives in le lion so ; the present distribution of the und; and its distribution when made necorng to white population. I No. of ? election | white T- - .- a, districts, inhab'ts eS 5 S ^ -s S. kbbeville ' 13.2061 6 $1,500 1,752 09 lurnwetl 12,256j 4 1,200)1,626 04 hester j 10,164! 3 900 1,348 49 .'hesterlield.. I 6,84()' 2 600 907 47 Arlington.. J 8,586' 3 900 1.139 12 Mgetield 16*2561 6, 1,80012,156 73 airfield 1 7.164 3, , ?00| 950 47 reenville... i 13.569 4 1.200 1.800 25 Iorrv I 4.249 1 300) 563 71 tershaw | 4,947 2 UUOi 666 31 jancaster ... | 5,691 2 600 . 755 04 . aureus 12,025i 4, 1,200.1,596 00 oxingtun.... 9,399! 2 600 981 65 ilurion 7.G37' 3' 900,1,313 06 larl borough. 5,004 2 ?Oo! 663 90 Cowberry... 8,822' 3, 900 1.170 43 'endleton.. Mckensl2- i '88, And- > | 26.229! 7, 2.100'3 479 90 r'n 13,141 ) tie bland ... 6.830 4 l.20O? 906 15 Spartanburg.. 17,9051 5| 1,500i2,375 52 Jnion 9,936 3 | 900 1,318 24 fork 11,160 4! 1.200 [1,480 64 A'illiainsb'rg 3.599! 2 6001 477 48 >t Bartbn. j I 'rah, Coin. { I 4,462 31 900 591 97 St (Jeorge's.' l,85f I li 30o| 246 22 St Paul's. . . | 917' 1 300j 121 64 IVinyaw.G'tn 2,084 3, DOO 276 48 \H Saints.. .j 401 1; 300 53 19 )range. Par'h, 6.076 2j 600 805 98 St Mathews. 2,05;. 1 300 272 23 Clareiiioat,.5.986 3! 900 794 04 Clarendon.. . [ 3.53: 2 600 468 72 St I'll AjSt M.' 18.87*2 18 5,40o'2.503 81 St John's Col 712) 2 600 94 46 St Andrews.; 379 I 300 50 27 L'hristChurch, 346 1 300 45 8!) St Jas .Snntee I 354 1 30o 46 96 St Stevens..' 681 1 300 77 07 StThos&Dcli! 251 1 300 33 29 St. James, ) rioseCreek <[ 1,901 1 300 252 20 St Jn<>,Brklyl 1.008 l 300 133 73 St Peters..'. [ 2.067 2 600 274 27 St I.ukes.... I |,20lI 1 30()i 169 33 'r. Williams 1,7661 2, 600 234 29 St Helena... 1,078 1 300 113 (11 Total in 1849(280-385 i*>i 3*: "no At another time, we may resume the fur. ler consideration of tiie subject, in conneC>n with the.operation of the Free School k'stoin under a just and equitable mode of stribution. " McCottky." Correspondence of the Ledger. i (irassy Crkek, Y un yon Kounty. > ) Aprifc. 1800 and 52. \ ]etir Kuzen Stukel^7 I'm dun plant in my crap, and I tliort I'd < up you a line or so, as I war'nt bissy. This ?s bin the coldest \\ inter I ever herd ov? , 10 fire was froze to the trees, and the boys , tout Monrow war skeetbi over Bare Skin I rery day?spechally Sunday?for the ice , na haf a duzin inches thick, and cood bare j > a boss's water. I got a Aprile fule from some gal or no- j er ; and I war'nt pleased with it. I war'nt; r when I opened it, rite under the seal thnr ; is n bunch of hare so curly it wood'ut l>e le. I opened a little fuddcr, and thar wot >ictftr of old 14 Lid Mug wort," with ft chaw tobaceer atween her tetho, and in hur han bottle of snuf; and, bless yer sole and ddy! on hir nee wos a little y oiler baby, win a big " nigger-ohokin" pertator; and ? ondernethe the picter was written,? . 1 young man, hiely oddieatcd at Mr. Davidson's Kauledge, and then studied uTliology of the Bibel." It happened this Hedar man inadu a pintment to precho at town, for he did'nt no it was n Mcthodis ehereh, ho did'nt; so ho^was preehin away, when in comes the sorRit rider at the baek door, with his pnddle-sags on his arm, and his lip sliot out as long as his shad belly cote. He gits rite in the pgolpit and sots down, and begin to puf and swei like a jump-iody dus when a ???oekersou is arter it. 1 wornt thar; but tha sed when the other mnn miit nrwUn l?? ?? n-? ~ "f and sea:?''Brethren, ses he, I thort you all knoed that this was my pintmcnt day; and cos I did'nt euni when the bell rung, you got this man hero?(he did'nt say gentleman or brother, ''but this man here.") This house, ses he, belongs to me, and ef"! don't com when the bell rings, dont git skeored, I'll be along after while. Ef * come along the strete, I'll slip up throu <he bushes when ver aint thinkin. And ef I'm in town any time and ycr want prechin, just pull that bell-rope and yu'll git it for that; my bisnesshereis my orders from Konfirrence, (he then pulled out a smoky lookin paper and shuck it at the people,) and sod he noed all about that place afore he cum, for Konfersrenee had told him what to look for. At another time he was prechin, and a passel of sows and pigs war sieepin onder the chirch? and vu kno what a place Yun on Kounty is I for dogs, don't yer ? So the dogs got among the hogs, and sicli a muss tha did make. Tha run rite tu the door ov the chirch?the old sows grunted?the pigs quoled?and the dogs tha barkt The precher stopt prechin,and ses: "My friens, i keep yer dogs at home; I'm bin prcchiti 15 years to hogs and dogs, and,] haint made a I kmatvnn tw u*nn * ?# 1 rJ** L J?.. ... ...... J . ?v nvp, vu. homo for the filter."' I 'sort you Kuzin Stukelv, he is the very man for a Kamp Meetin. I bound he'll make the dry bones of Zekiel rattle at Pleaaant Grove neAt kamp meetin ; and ef it dont cum in fodder time, I'll be wun among the "bold pilgrims," I will. The Temperance cos tlorished hero n while, but 1 dun no bow its doin now, 1 dont. Thar was divershions all over the Kounty, aim the aid sogers of Radius throwd up their commissions, and quit throwji down the "Oh ! be joyful!" nnd jined the order of Aunt Teinpy. Tha had several parades here but 1 never jined. I cood?uver find out the secret, and so I cood'nt trust myself among cm?for wun feller named Rice got skecred so bad when tha nishcuUd him, that he had to go nnd dry his breeches and other small tixins. ho did. Tha had the grate speker Mr. White here a while back too, and he can speke to suto this chap in particular,nnd individully. I thort I'd find out the secret from his spcckin, but I dun no for sartin.? I I heerd somebody say they put cm up a dumbly ane smoked the old Itye out ovein. i Well, when Mr. White got to speekin, ho I scd he shot a Frenchman up a chimney one | time?so 1 thot they'd bin nisheatin soqia fellers, and this Frenehman forgot to cum down frtnu thocbimbly. and he got shot.^ And sens 1 think of shotin, 1*1! tcllfcbout Sam Gary gcttin stabbed to death by somebuddy. Tha dont no who it is off Gmssy Creek ; but they have some fellers in jail about it, and tha are to be tried soon. Any how he was cut all over so that he died sudj denl v, and s day or so arter he was stabbed a I big knife was found bloody all over to the | handle. Somebody ort to be hung, but I dont no who. Sammy was a good feller, I and w ont to Mccksico to fite the inncmise of Terkses, nnd then cum home and was livin with bis family, when he got put out of ziaI tenee with that big knife. The gals on Grassy Creke are gwin to have a quiltin and fishin frolic Saturday arter next, and ef it wornt so fur they'd ax yu to come over. l)u rite to me soon, and let tne no nil about things. Next time 1 rite I'll say a -.i ?? i> -1- : i - - -- -? mini ?ii i iuiiiv iuui?, nue iiuir roues, nnu the like. Nothing more, but over Your affectionate Kn/.in, tilt 1 git married, IIosiier Storriss. South Carolina Paperi. Fairfield Herald, Winnaboro,' published weekly nt #:! per nunnm. E. if. Britton, Editor and Proprietor. The old Columbia Chronicle which, in former years wan ho ably cditud by the late Dr. Weir^gpd being then the only Whigjin|K-r in the State, gave rti^to tho remark made by the Editor, that it was the Wat Whig paper in the State, was purchased after Dr. Weir's death, by IWr. Britton, moved to Winnsboro' and converted into the Fairfield Herald. Thtq?lerald is a transcript of the Daily Register, published nt $5 per year. Our friend Britton makes judicious selections, that his paper is emphatically a good newspaper, nnd in consequence of hia writing so few editorials, and these being generally very short, he has abundance of room for his selections. This paper is the organ of the Secession party of Fairfield District, and in consequence or the bold stand taken by our friend Britton, laat summer in favor of tbnt party, he was nafettarily compelled to esert himself then more than ho has done since. The Herald haa a large subscription list and it given ua much pleasure* to record the fact. Palmetto Htasdakt). Cbesterville: C. D. Melton Editor ami Proprietor. < The Htandard ia a large size*newap/iper i >ublished at #2 per annum. Home four years i Lgo a gentleman byTlie name of Bridwell e*> ] ahliahetT a small sized shpet at Chesterville < vhich was nfterwafds purchased by Mr. I delton, under whole effective management it 1 iff! grown to its present size. The ramdard is i levoted to the chum* of Co-operation, or, m 1 o,a>m ? :? at i-.? j ?_ ? v nuum >n 111 iii ninau inter unys, in isvr of strengthening and perpetuating those 4 luicable relations which have so long existed i i the Mute. Mr. Mutton is a clever writer, S nd we I corn uiih feelings of pleasure that t is laudable efforts arc being rewarded by f n extensive patronage. t " iCuurnster ICriigrr. ---- ? -- ^ ? ~ r j g LancasterviHe, N. J WEDNESDAY, APRIL 21,1852. ; i mr To the Hon. Dan'l Wallace, the , the Hon. J. I* Onr, and the Hon. J. A. j, Woodward of this State, and to the Hon. ! Thos. J. Rusk, of Texas, we tender our ] thanks for Congressional favors. Bar With no intention of dunning our ! subscribers, we would merely remind them that on the 12th of May, (next month,) three j months will expire from the time our paper | began. H those who subscribed at the com- i inenornjent neglect to pay by that time, $2 60 will be charged, or after six* months !jt3. The llomestcad Law. ?The Spartanburg Spartan. Wo fear our readers are tired and worn out with so so much as wo have already saioOn the subject of the Homestead Liw. Very probably it is reasoned bv some, that as it has already become tlie I, >w of the land, why make so much ado about it ? We are sorry to intrude on the patience of our readers by giving so much on this subject and although it has become one of the statutes of the State, we are not willing that those who were instrument il in adopt- f ing this Law, and many being the prime t movers, should receive the thanks and adula- j tion of the people for doing them a public ser- j vice, when be believe it is calculated to prove to be an injury. The honor of introducing this low in the Legislature belongs to Mr. Tucker, one of the Editors of the Spartan, and in his paper of the 8th inst. he has a long article on the j subject, attempting to meet and rebut the nrgumeptq made against thel/'.wjilid endeavor- j t ing to shtlR' what will ha the practical benefit* ayiJuig from the adoption < f this law. Onr fMTd of the Spartan also annexes to his niiBe the names of eightoen States he- j sMu*South Carolina, which have adopted similar Ijiws. The Vork\i!le Miscellany, aud Camden Journal, have each copied this taUlAWM States, and we presume, think themsetVea Wrtunate that they have such an auxiliary fetfcc Spartan.who is able information.? > V<j*v \va intend to show that there are some modifications and restrictions in many of these Laws, which make them ditl'cr very materially from the Exemption Law of this State. ' * JJefor? w* d ?, this however, wo wish to I reply to our mother of th?- Spart in, which for f*ar of trespassing on the patience of our i reauefw, we will do as briefly us possible. ) Bringing An array of names of eighteen States which have adopted,Exemption laws, is it any reason thut South Carolina would be certainly right to so likewise ? Is not the law of our Stat? in relation to j the electing of Governor A c., different from I every other State in the 1'nion? Yet do not most Carolinians believe it t<> bo. right or why continuo to adopt it .' Are not most of our eminent politicians opposed to South Carolina sending delegates to the nominating Presidential Convention ? Yet, do not the , majority of the States in tlio Cnion send de- j legate*! Many other measures adopted by other i -Suites we could mention, which are not 1 adopted by South Carolina. Hut to proceed : | The Spartan says?"If a man's credit is | good independently of the operation of that ( Iaw," i. e., before the I .aw was adopted, | ' then this Law cannot in nny way possibly | affect bis credit or his creditors," I Very logical reasoning this, we would like | to know the why and tho wherefore. i " If a ma n't credit it iu>t (food under the | practical operation of the Homestead l^urjhi n 1 no man it obliged to (fire him creditthis j is the reason, "as all contracts are roluntary t nnd governed by the tuppoted interetl of both , contracting parties." Why We wore under the I , impression that"*roin a philanthropic spirit, I j from a snirit .o give aft and comfort this | Law was enacted. But the Spartan says, f if the merchant knows he enn't got his pay. r don't give the man credit Nor or mind how t deplorable his situation might be, und his t wife and children may be starving for food, j yet aa the creditor knows he eon have no re- r course- upon the debtors property, why jtist li refuse to let him have the Groceries and oth- c or neoeessariee he was in need of. . )< But perhaps he intends this as an cxplnn.-t- h tion. * If the man is poor and neafli the h credit, then he has nothing more to do than n to surrender in writing by anv words that ti ?bow his intention to do as, his rights under c the Homestead Exemption, ami all parties ti are plac?*i precisely on the same ground they were liefore the passage of the law." tl This we believe (from what We have heard u from thafcdvoeatea of this laty^is something ft they think the opponents of the measure | cannot get over. By some legal deed of as. I ?i MgnmenUranafer your properly, your Hofcln- I dead w orth Five Hundred Dollars for Ten n Dollar* worth <?f coffee. But for cl our pari, we eaiflr eee that thia4 helpe tile ui matter any. It ia a kind of Pawnbroker'* aj Sttsineaa, which U aengp to na add* to the it rascality 41 it But let ua consider this pi ion ol^iie subject attentively: Ble to M If* man ia poor and needa the efWDC h hen hehaa nothing more todo than |o sur- at -onde^fe writing hi* right* uifllcr the Home- le itead rixompUo|igkod all parffcs Hre placed u< ight'' Ndw iWe appeal to the candor and U? food mom of ^r brother, if a man Ia worn hi ho appelatien of man If he )>o*?ea* no pride, of # * ? 0 # # m I i * # ? ; * Veil ifihi?bv the case, p<irniit us to ask ou Lb the first place if there Dc a merchant i Spartanburg village or District, \Vho would uggest sudh a thing to any man. If a man L'i?rn in link nf nun nf vnnr hi n t u er.JIt 0 the amount of Twenty or Thirty Dollars or a few.necessaries, wo ask the question, r the^irovlso would be included in the reply No, not unless you surrender to me the ight in your Homestead." But again, Would any man with a spark of the nlluenee of that noble, and rich, and incstinable gift which God gave him, blended in, ind inspiring him with a nobleness of soul which elevates and characterises him nbovo ill created beings, icould such a man apical to the merchant and say. " I will relouunec.iny Homestead if you give me the credit." Does this bear any semblance to the ivory day business of life ? Why then bring up abstract points, to endeavor to show the law is right and proper. If every state in the Union adopted it. we would still hold to ivhnt we now say. The Spartan proceed? is follows, "Now we admit if a man ha? been credited, on the faith of property in his possession, that the property as a gonor al rule ought to be liable to pay such debts.' What sophistry. If Mr A. credits mo on th? faith of my owning a Printing Press, shouh 1 fail to pay him. he would be perfectly rigli to sell my press, but if he depended on mi honor and honesty, then my Press shouh not be sold to pay the dob". But again : " If oveny thing a man has should he takei for debt, then his personal services shouh he taken also, and the labor and time of hi wife nnd children: then they all ought to Is sold as slaves until the debts are paid." T would be just as reasonable for me to say? It :i man become* insolvent. Mat his proper ty is taken to satisfy his creditors. exempting only his Homestead, then it should he th duty and there should he a law compelling it to be the duty of every citizen in that neigh hnrhood, to give to such insolvent citizens much money, or so much provisions, for h has his house but nothing to eat. Tlceaus a beggar stops at my door anil 1 give him six-pence, must 1 hunt up beggars to giv them all sixpence each t u Now," says th Spartan " one or two words t<> vindicate th wisdom, the policy, the humanity of thi law, and we will close. 1st. In times of gcr oral distress and pecuniary pressure, it wil give poor men t/wc and leave the mraus t pay debts, and support their families." \V agree here entirely with our friend, tor b the enactment of this Law the means wil already have b\ft the poor in in. 2nd. It will induce men, w ho are not no\ land-holders, to acquire farms under th' cherished conviction that their wiyes%n children will he provided lor against inisfoi tunes and accident*." If this is one of th objects intended by the addition of th Law, then we see greater cms to he oppc sod to it. What, use legislative means t iitilni'O n limn tik riiHiiliv in Smith f'tirnlinfi And more than this?throw thin out as ai inducement for men to pureh *c land, know ing it cannot be taken for debt? If mei purchased laud from this fact, in the name o all sense and justice, wo ask wh .t kind oI'jkj pulation would we have ? In conversation with a friend the other da on the subjdH, he mention* d tliat he knot men in his neighborhood, who, tliey woul tiavo been glad to get rid of, but now thes men were determined to stay. ; s they wer aware ofthe fact that their land could not h takeu to pay debts they might contract.? Such uien are of no advantage to the eouri ty, and our opinion is, the soon r we get ri< of them the better. 3d. "It will counteract that teudency ii all well settled countries of the nccumula tion in the hands of a few men comparative ly, of all the real estate; leaving the larg majority without land*, in w l.ieh event, om of two results will follow. 1-<t. The large proportion of the free w hite working clause) will goto the West and South for landet settlements, and thus drain away the very bone and sinew of our wealth, as a State, iuk leave us weak and meagre in numbers, witl nn overgrown *lave population to manage.? uraa. iimey do 1101 inus emigrate, liut re. mnin here, to sustain the relation of Tenants liirulingn and diy laborers in subordination* to n priviledgod cIdm, who have monopolist* the lands, then the sooner or later a feeling if disaffection and hostility will prevail, between the landholders, and the other clnaaei ahieh mny threaten the rights of property tnd disturb the peace and safety of the coun. ry." In other worda, we will give the vcrlion of what our friend says. By having lueh A I jiw, we will coni|H<l th?' industrioui wrtion of our State, nu n who have striven tard and by their induatry and economy .have iccumulatcd a little; we will compel these nen to credit an idle class, msr*/y to keep hem here as thttfione and sinew of the eounry. Is it not strange that none of the danfers our cotempomry apprehends have yet ?rro/t V " A fftikltnr, aC .11? ?5 . .vvtin^ vi uinn I irv 1 V?? HIIU instilitiy will arise," and fur what, pray? boause the State does not secure to a man lis home, never mind if the man who sold lim the land, or the mechnnic who built the louse, are without their pay. Yet the State nust keep the bone and sinew of the cour.ry within her borders. But we eannot ocupy so much sjiare at this time. We notice lie 4th reason: " The Homestead lew will tend to elevate he lower classes of society, at well at to nite an J harmoniae mil iiUrrrrls and mil clatti of <rvr *arM/y.n ' Tend to elevate the lower classes of socity,'?we would Nice to know how? We in tell you how it Will*lower them still tore. It wil^ encourage fdlmttt, this io< esr and plain, It will canoc such n>ea t| e more duplicity. This^po have already >oken of in ourforroer articles. We think is Mfffcctly clear, that it does not harmose iulTnterests. ft is the irtmet of one ) soH H is not the interest of the other i p?fc and this you call harmonising?and 1 classes of society From the little knowdge we have of Moialfrhilosophy, we did >t know thll how low a man be in intcU etoal capacities, yet by a legislative act of oo an try, giving to him a certain amount ' prep set y ho woaM bo elsvstcd to n hiqh _ $ > I s I v t in almost, if not quite, every case, tho right of tho seller of the land is protected, and in very nearly every cose, it is necessary for the ^ pccupant. of such land to certify liy?an,in-' strumcnt of writing that lie wishes this |>orf Snn nf Inn.l I <1 1?J" ? station iu society. Is a man devoid of ail just principles, s man of oo learning, a lazy, idle fellow who loafs swny his time, and because ho is worth $600 which the State gives hiin in order to bribe him to stay here ; is such a man we say to be classed among respectable society ? Harmonise all clnsscs of society?it will draw a line, u noted add marked line, bctwoen the real bone nnd sinew of the country nnd a parcel of idle fellows. 6th. 44 It will strengthen the rights of property, nnd attach the poor man more firmly to the institutions of his State nnd country." This is only a supposition, how the poor uinn is to become moro firmly attached to the institutions of his State nnd country, we are yet to learn, t uSo fully arc the American people bceom1 ing satisfied of these truths that eighteen ' States have already adopted it." i Now. let us look into this matter: Exempted. Maine. A lot of land, dwelling house and out buildings thereon or so much thereof as shall not exceed five hundred dollars in vnlue. So far all right. Hut this law differs from the one we have in this State in these particulars. Provided, it is the property of a houseI holder in actual possession thereof, and fur1 ther, nny householder, tcishinir In avail himI self of the benefits of this act, must file a certificate by him signed, declaring such wish and describing the property, with the register of deeds, in the county where the same is j situated: nnd uponrccciving the fees now nl" | lowed for recording deeds, such register e i shall record the same in a book kept for that 1 purpose. And upon being recorded in this ~ manner such property is exempt. Further, * Kxemptions under this act shall not operate ? to defeat the leins of mechanics as provided 0 on the statutes, which lein is, that any me? chanic building a house, has recourse upon the house for the amount due him for erect? inrr it nmor ?,i,wl if tl... I 0 mortgage.", 0 So much for Maine, uiul so much we a think clearly shows the Homestead ex0 emption there differ* in many aspects from 0 ours. e Vermont. "The Homestead of every R house keeper or head of a family to the val'* ue of .$500 and the yearly products thereof." " Provided, however, that such husband may 0 with the consent of his wife, mortgage such c homestead, at the time of the purchase therey of. for the payment of the purchase money. " Such hoinestbad shall bo subject to attachment and execution upon any contract that v may be madei and for nil matters and causes 0 of action which may accrue, previous to, or at the time of the purchnse of such homo'* stead, and shall be subject to sale, for nonc payment of taxes assessed thereon; and the 0 time when the deed to the owner of such * homestead shall be left in the town clerk's B office, for.record, shall be deemed the time of the purchase thereof for the purpose men" tinned in this act, M assaciiusetts.?"The lot and buildings 1 thereon occupied as a residence to the value f of $500." To entitle any property to such exemption, it shall bo set forth in the deed of pury chase that il i$ designed to bfhild at a homej stead, under this act, or if already purchaser! the saiil design shall * declared by writing, ' duly sculod and acknowledged, and recorded e irt the registry of deeds of the county where1 in the land lies. No properly shall by virtue of this net, bo exempted from levy for taxes J or for a debt contractedfitr the purchase, thereof or for a debt contracted before such deed or writing as aforesaid shall have been re^gpdod 1 according to law, nor aholl buildings onTand not owned by the debtor, be exempted from levy for ground-rent of the lot of Ijnd wheror n such buildi ugs are situated.* New York.?"The lot and building thercn <?ii occupied as a residence to the value of , $1,000." tr , To entitle any property to such exempI tion, the conveyance of the same shall show ( that it is designed to be held as a homestead under this act, or if already purchased, or the conveyance does not show such design, a notice tliat the same is designed to be so held shall bo executed and acknowledged by I the person owing the said property, which shall contain a full description thereof, and ' shall bo recorded in the office of the County iu which the said property is situnted^n a boOk to be provided for that purpose, and known aa Uio "Homestead Kxemption Book." But no property shall, by virtue of this act, be exempt from sale for non-payment of taxes or assessment, or for a debt contracted fur the jnirchtits therrof, or prior to recording of the aforesaid deed or notice Ma*ti.a*d.?-"All real estate acquired by marriage during the life of the wife, from exemption for debt of husband/' We do not call this a Homestead excinption law. -v Geokc.ia?1"Twenty acres of land including dwelling houses and improvements, (value of i 11 lovw nuu improvements not to t xceed #1200.) I and the additional amount of five acre* for for each child under fifteen year* of age." Although thi* law in *o much na we have given, differs in many mntorial way* from our*, atill by looking further, we will soe a much greater difference, for it says, except the Mine shall be tor Ike purchase money qf said land, far Iks payment if whisk said land skali be bound. Ohio,?K very family a homestead not exriding fixe hundred dollars in valve. The provinioB* of thi* act ahall not extend to any judgement or decree rendered on any extract made before thn taking effect#/ thi* Oct, or judgement or decree rendered On any Kioto or mortgage executed by the debtor and his wife, nor any claim for work and labor lea* than one hundred dollars, nonto impair the led by aaevtqpge or otherwise of the vender for the ynrrhaae-money of the hom set sad In gentian, nor of any mechanic or other pereoa, under any statute of thi* -A ? ?* * * - * * mate, lor ?MmW (OTtltatiod or l?bof pwformed in the erection of the dwelllng-honae thereon, nor from the payment of taxe* dm < thereon, # i It l? tedlona to ran over ell litem; State* to l ahow in what m-tifher the Kxcmptien Law* t % 4 # V?WM VI mmiu IVOVI ?V?I >" Min iftilliry. A HO law in this State is essentially different, for a ' ' landholder's fifty acres is reserved by the Commissioners, Irom levy and sate. Enoughs for the present. Beware of the 8winfflef* ^ f * < 1 * We learn from an authentic sdurvo. that ^ a young man calling hin^c& Jas. H. Perry.said to be from Ebenczer, York Diet, has been ncting as agent for the ledger in the neighborhood of Bclair in this Diat. We learn that he procured a number of eubscri- ll hers, and received payment in advanco from. " lir. 1! 11. I ll - m ! a auiuc. nt cnmiuu iuu [muiic ngjun?v such impostors?we have no agent at present, nnd when we do employ one, tfle fact will be publicly made known in our paper.The Lancaster Ledger. ! The Publisher of the Palmetto State Ban. nor, seeing that a false impression has gone abroad by the change of polities of the paper, and desiring to correct the crroi^vhich the editor of the Lancaster Ledger seems, jn common with others, to have fallen Into relative to ssid change, takes this opportulfcf ty, afforded him by a notice of the Banner in the lust issue of tho Jx"lger? to make a true statement of the facts. The Publisher and Propriety of tho Banner, finding it necessary, from pecuniary embarrassments, growing ont^of an' extension of his fneilitiesfor Printing?his legitimate nnd proper employment?was compelled, before the decision of the people, at the ballot-box, ngninsl.separate secession, to offer privately Ids newspapers for sale, I snd with the intention of confining himself te to Printing. To effect which e^d, he tendered his paper to tho|M^y^.w4iose views it A then advocated, snd that, having deelined the offer, for rcaiotl?5?ngned which ^ were altogether tenable, the Proprietor subsequently disposed of his interest in tho po- t litieal department of the paper to the friends of co-operation, who were about to establish a newspaper in the town, making the be?t bargain he could, to relieve himself (Vom embarrassment. This is a true statement, and can be substantially vouched, if necessary, bv some of the most rcspccLiblo tjfci*clis ot (Columbia?members of th^six*te2on pdrty The Lrtlffer says: 4,Tlm ifsnner formerly advocated the doctrines of ili^ Secession party; but klr. Morgan, Jiinlittu tk* party in the minority, sold the. politu'iiPl^li^it of the Banner to the Co-op?n?San party." Now, that "Mr Morgan syld the political interest in tho Banner, limUngk^ie %txes*ion party in the minority," is p stnCetauat baaed I upon no foundation in trull), :ig4 sKoWs conclusively tiiat the editor of tire lAniger haa judged of the transaction wirh0tat properly informing himself of the facta.. In this connection, the I'ulitishor of thoBanner begs to say further, that, in Ida hum- * ble conception, there is ho-; ruiciplr involved in the sale of tb?, paperSgj^La* been sssor- dk tod by some to be th<r qfl|F? He conceives B the co-oporation part^To ne ono wing of the Br secession party, differing with their brothren only ss to the propriety of acting alone, .1 or when there is no prospect of obtaining that ' concert of action" which the separate soccs- > sionists published to the w orld was " much M to be desired." Wee the resolutions adopted A at the May Convention hi Charleston, last Y year. ' Theprinctn/r invultvd is terwios both parties adhering Ult,- 1 low, then, witk I any showing of trutn, can thoPublishur and) M Proprietor of the Banner Ik- said to bu\e B sold his principles or the princiffe of tfte pas -fl per? Will the editor of tho Ledger ss- B plain! Truth and justice demand, stall events, that he should correct |Jbc error B which Ke'hns led his readers iptb, to the ^HU prejudice of the.Publisher and Proprietor of the Bunne-, who he has bum plesVed to re- ^ present as having )>?rt< r. T hi- principles for B J a matter of gain. Should lie feel it inn? m 1 bent upon him to do so, it is hoped hajviU gL first?no, last, inquire into tin- fuels codBta QHJ ted with the transaction alluded to, suffering 11 I no circumstances, but the b.iro and naked truth, to be weighed in his'scales of justice. I. C. M ORG Alt*. \ i iic noovo m irom Uic SLites Rights Re- i pub)icon ot the 19th inst. Wo knvo only ] ? n few word* to nay in reply. If we arc not rcry irnith mistaken, wo JV> think Mr. Morgan will tin J by rdMag some of our Htata paper* published at the i time when the transfer of thu Banner was * made to the Co-oper?tion party, tint Urn - J same expression "sold the political ioWMqoC wan used by many of them. But dent of that, it seems clo :r to us thnf Ifev Jf. acknow ledges in the nbovo the MOM thing. He says uv have fallen into an error is this respect "in common" with otk<*%L <jLMien into this error, equally wit strange that every one^heuld have a? thought. Mr. Morgsa jayff, he eflbscd Ms ^ paper to the Secession party, but f hoy woakl W not purchase it, then * he Jbjtoaed of Ma to- M terest in the poiitiral department to the V friends of Co-operation. Is it not plaia, that yi IT the secession oartv had b.?n In *Kn ??. 1 dency, and ware willing to pay higher ii | Mr. M. would he%? t<4d the poiitiAl fit to them: o?it the mm Iwlng otknraw, he *>ld to th'j other party? jfc In o'jr "humble conception, we consider the Co.ojMir.ition party na omentially differ* ?nt m principle from tin; .Sceeaeion patty. A, The latter being dosirou* tliat aa the Co-ep, erntion of the ether Southern States cannot * I be secured, that Heutb < 'urolhm ahewhi aw* coda alone. The CVopomtion peaty am willing (though from prcaent in Maatiewe ant exceedingly anxieAe) that the floatlwnt States united in evte confederacy should se* eede from the General G<>vrr^meet,and Am a separate and dhrtlnet rnrrifcAmaey, but v/. ter/y opposed to separate STOP action. t 9 fh conclusion, we would remark that never intended that our notice of the Baii^T' should in any manner -atV? ct the hi timet of \ Mr. tyorgnn. We thought, and ae Mr. M. ,| acknowledge that tb? capcneee to t which he (Mr. M.) wee subjected, inude It hwn beet upon him te gfcre hie pj|pr ae extensive a eimoUuA aa peaaihlc. In order to Mghtem the hurdm upon hhn, aird,therefhr%pot^FtlM ^ j political Interest of Ms pnpeMM? the party which would pay the highest price. Health of lhfiio?A tar ton letter ?y? lb** Mr. CI ay, after fwftfe* v throujrh A >teg*of eiw.Mtrawtag MMfrnrt^ T went, begin* ti> M again, ami I* yw44 la the {imitation of hi* plivsinti j