Edgefield advertiser. (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, January 12, 1921, Page THREE, Image 3
Giant Star May Be 520 Million
Miles in Diameter, Says Pro
fessor.
Charlotteville, Va., Jan. 8.-Betel
geuse, the giant star, whose dimen
sions and dista'nce have just been
measured by Prof. Albert A. Michel
son, of the University of Chicago,
may be twice as large and twice as
far away as announced by the ^Chi
cago physicist, according to a state
ment today by Dr. S. A. Mitchell, di
rector of the Leander McCormick
Observatory of the University of Vir
ginia.
Addressing the American Physical
Society, Prof. Michelson claimed that
by perfecting the "interference
method" of measuring star diameters
he had determined the diameter of
Betelgeuse to be 260,000,000 miles,
and that, with light traveling at the
rate of 186,000 miles per second, the
star is 150 "light years" away from
the earth. .
Instead of these measurements,
Dr. Mitchell states that Betelgeuse
may be 520,000,000 miles in diamet
er and its distance from the earth
300 "light years." He further states
that the star's exact measurements
will not be definitely known until
March 1922, when photographic
measurements extending over a pe
riod of two years at the McCormick
Observatory will be made public.
These measurements are being made
by Dr. H. L. Alden of the University
of Virginia.
The University of Virginia as
tronomer, who returned here today,
after listening to the paper read by
Prof. Michelson, fortified his asser
tions with the following explanation:
"Prof. Michelson, with his magnifi
cent mechanism ability and active
brain, has succeeded in measuring the
angle at the eye that Betelgeuse
subtends. He did this with the aid of
a special "bridge," which superim
posed upon the 100-inch reflecting
telescope at Mount Wilson, gave it
a real diameter of twenty feet.
'"Prof. Michelson determined ac
curately the angle at the eye. To de
termine the diameter of the star in
_ miles, however, it is necessary to
know its exact distance from the
earth, or its parallax measured by the
Yale heloimeter-a small six-inch
lens. His measurements of the an
gular diameter of Betelgeuse is ac
curate within 10 per cent.
"The task of actually measuring
the distance or parallax of Betel
geuse was assigned to the observa
tory of the University of Virginia
one year ago, and this parallax, de
termined by L series of photographic
measurements extending over a pe
riod of two years will not be known
until March 1922.
"It is obviously impossible for any
astronomer to work out through
trigonometry the exact size of a star
until the parallax is known. Betel
geuse may be 300 light .years from
the earth instead of 150 light years.
If the latter statement is true, the
diameter of Betelgeuse may be 520,
000,000 miles instead of 260,000,000!
Soft Coal at Lowest Mark in
Three Years.
Punxsutawney, Pa., Jan. 8.-Spot
market prices for bituminous coal
have reached the lowest point in three
years and the market in this territory
is demoralized, with mines at many
points shutting down due to lack of
orders or inabliity to operate at "a
profit.
Ten days ago, when spot coal
reached $3.25 a ton, it was thought
that was low water mark, but there
has been a steady slump since then
until now spot sales are being made
at $2.25 and some at $2.00. This is
the lowest price in three years and
pretty close to the low price of pre
war times.
Even after this drop to $2 from
$14 a ton or better there is no de
mand to speak of. In the fall it was
said that with the coming of lower
prices there would be a better trade.
But with every cut in price dullness
in the market has increased.
Most every wagon mine in this ter
ritory closed when the price dropped
to $4 a ton, and now the slow demand
and the $2-$2.25 price have resulted
in the shutting down of many of the
big tipple mines. Indications are that
some of the very largest operations
will noon be idle. Thousands of min
ers are out of work. Jobs of any
kind in this part of the state are at
a premium.
Operators claim that at the pres
ens price of coal no mine in this sec
tion can produce coal at a profit and
number have announced wage cuts.
J. S. BYRD
Dental Surgeon
Office Over Store of
Quarles & Timmerman
Office Phone No. 3
Residence Phone 87 %
Begin Each Day Anew.
A prominent business man, who al
ways seemed fresh and full of vim
and vigor, although he had a multi
tude of cares in the corporation with
which he was connected, was asked
one day how he managed to keep him
self in such good physical and mental
condition, free from worry and dis
traction. His reply is well worth re
membering:
"I retire from business every night
when I leave the office," he said,
"and begin business afresh every
morning."
In other words, he meant that he
did not allow the cares and worries
of business to stand over him as a
threatening menace when the day's
work was done. When he left the
office, he literally retired from busi
ness until the next morning. His
home life, his social duties, his pleas
ures, were never tinged with the
thought of the perplexing problems
that the next day was sure to bring.
By this method, old age was kept at
a distance, worry was a stranger, and
each day was .begun anew with a
fresh inspiration to meet- and over
come the difficulties which might
arise in the complexities of business
life.
What is true regarding business is
equally true in relation to the other
activities and experiences of life.
Many persons will not allow their
yesterdays to remain buried. They
still live in the past and constantly
keep the sorrows and, perhaps, mis
deeds of bygone years before them.
It was Susan Coolidge, thinking
along this line, who wrote:
"Every day is a fresh beginning,
Every day is the world made new;
You who are weary of sorrow and
sinning,
Here is a beautiful hope for you,
A hope for me and a hope for you."
To the man and woman whose ex
periences of yesteryears have been
better and still rankle in the memory
reaching out to clutch the heart and
cause it pain, to begin afresh each
day is a solution of their trouble.
What if the years have been wasted,
what if they have brought sorrow
and distress and bitterness? They
are gone, never to return. Blot them
out of your memory as if they had
never been. Think no more of the
past, but greet the dawn of each day
as the birth of a new world for you;
a world which pain and sorrow has
not touched; a world that by your
own actions you can make worth liv
ing in, for yourself and others.
And don't let the clouds of today
reach over and make tomorrow a day
of gloom. Perhaps at this very mo
ments things are going wrong with
you. Today you have passed through
an unpleasant experience. You have
been hurt by an acquaintance, know
ingly wounded . by one whom you
have considered your friend, defraud
ed perhaps, by one in whom you had
implicit trust. Dont let that cause you
to be cast down. When you retire and
close your eyes, say to yourself,
"Tomorrow will be a new day; I shall
awake upon a world made new."
Dearborn Independent.
American Navy Below British.
Washington, Jan. 7. (By the As
sociated Press).-What officials be
lieve ,to Ki complete information as
to the relative naval strength of the
principal world powers is now in pos
session of the American government.
Whether it will be presented to the
senate foreign relations committee in
connection with that committee's
consideration of proposals' looking
to world disarmament has not been
determined.
The information has been compiled
in the form of tables which show
that Great Britain's sea power is
double that of the United States, and
that although the British preponder
ance in capital ships will practically
have been overcome by, the United
States with the completion in 1923
of the American building program,
the American navy will still be rela
tively inferior in type of vessels
which naval officers regard as ex
tremely important, notably destroy
ers, cruisers and light cruisers, cruis
ing submarines an dairplanes.
The American navy today, accord
ing to this information, has more
than doubled the strength of the
Japanese navy and this ratio will be
maintained even with the completion
of the building programs of the two
countries. The United States will be
far superior not only in capital ships
but also in destroyers and subma
rines. Japan, however, will have
double the number of battle cruisers,
now possessing four such vessels with
eight) others projected while the Unit
ed States has only six building.
Without reference to second line
3hips of which Great Britain has a
preponderance in all classes over the
United States and Japan, the British
navy contains 26 battleships, carry
ing at least ten guns each of 12-inch
caliber or larger, and displacing 20,
000 tons or more. The United States
has 16 such vessels, Japan 6, France
7 and Italy 4V Great Britain has no
first line battleships under construc
tion, while the United States has ll,
Japan 7, France 4 and Italy 4.
A recapitulation of the figures
shows that the January 1, 1921
strength of the three principal naval
powers in first line major ships (bat
tleships and battle cruisers) mount
ing guns of 13.5 inch caliber or great
er is as follows:
Great Britain, 28 vessels of 72?,
650 tons; United States,' 10 vessels
of 300,100 tons, and Japan, nine ves
sels of 267,520.
This compilation excludes capital
ships mounting guns of less than 13.5
inch caliber because of their low
rate of efficiency in modern battle.
County Agent Work More Im
portant in 1921 Than Ever
Before.
We regret to learn of a disposition
in a few counties to try to get along
in 1921 without a county agent, or
with a less efficient county agent.
Such a policy is like dropping the
pilot just as the ship enters the most
dangerous seas. It is like shutting up
the lighthouse just as the storm
comes on.
The farmers of the South will need
the help of the county agents more
in 1921 than ever before. And they
will use him more than ever before.
In the first place, they need his
help about production. How much
the cotton acreage will be cut is prob
lematical, but it is certainly going to
be cut. Farmers are going to need
guidance in new crops, and they are
going to need guidance in new fields
of effort. They are also going to
grow more livestock, and here espe
cially they will need the help of a
thoroughly equipped county agent.
No less urgently-in fact, even
more urgently-farmers will need
the help of the county agent in prob
lems of marketing. Big and promis
ing plans for reformed cotton mar
keting (as well as tobacco market
ing and peanut marketing in sections
growing these crops) are already un
der way. The county agent is the man
who must do more than anyone else
id bringing success to these plans
for scientific and profitable market
ing. Then, too, in growing corn, hay,
hogs, and cattle, farmers will find
their diversification program of small
profit unless plans for cooperative
shipping and selling are worked out.
They naturally look to the county
agent for leadership in these matters. (
For all these reasons the best in
vestment your country can make is
to pay enough to get a superbly qual
ified man to lead you farming forces
as county agent in 1921.
Don't be content with a cheap
man. Get a man whose training is
such that farmers know he can give
them real help in all the intricate
problems of soils, fertilizers, crops,
livestock, livestock diseases-a man
who has enough ability not only (1)
to help farmers diversify wisely; but
also (2) to help them market cotton
and other "money crops' more wise
ly; and (3) who will help farmers in
cooperative shipping and selling of
thc corn, hay, hogs and cattle they
are going to raise.
We shall need the county agents
more this year than ever before.
The Progressive Farmer.
Work of League in 1920
Reviewed.
Paris, Jan. 9.-The secretary of
the league of nations today issued an
official document entitled "the work
accomplished by the league of na
tions during the first year of its ex
istence, Jan. 10, 1920, to Jan. 10,
1921," enumerating the various
questions settled or discussed by the
league. It mentions first the estab
lishment of a permanent internation
al court of justice; second, the work
accomplished in the limitation of ar
maments, and third, the creation of
an international commission to study
the blockade as an economic weapon.
The three foregoing are mentioned as
measures "destined to prevent war."
Under the heading "efforts at politi
cal conciliation" the document refers
to the question of the Aland Islands,
upon which the league commission
will report within three weeks.
As measures destined to remedy
the economic crisis, the report says,
the creation of an economic and fi
nancial organization of the Br?ssel
financial conference and the organi
zation in accordance with the con
ference and the organization of a
transit commission, 'twere foremost
in the league's work. Concerning hu
manitarian measures, the report goes
on, the league elaborated a series of
projects including an appeal for
funds to fight typhus.
The acceptance of responsibilities
for opium traffic control and also the
white slave traffic; caused the United
States, Brazil and Spain to accept
mediation in Armenia and effected
the repatriation of more than a hun
dred thousand war prisoners.
Regarding exe'cution of the peace
treaty the league points out the fol
lowing missions accomplished:
1. Administration of the Saar Val
ley.
2. Direction of the affairs of the
free city of Danzig.
3. Rejection of the German gov
ernment's conclusions of note asking
another plebescite in Eupen and Mal
medy and the final awarding of the
territories to Belgium .
4. The establishment of a perma
nent mandate commission to admin
ister the affairs of former German
colonies.
5. Acceptance of responsibility for
the protection of minorities.
6. Registration of 69 treaties in ac
cordance with the stipulations of the
treaty of Versailles.
Why suffer from nerv
ousness, insomnia, hy
steria, nervous dyspep
sia, nervous prostration
pr any ailment due to
a disordered condition
of the nerves?
DR. MILES NERVINE
will give you prompt
and lasting relief.
It produces refreshing
sleep, builds up the shat
tered nerves and pro
motes a normal distri
bution of nerve force.
Your Druggist Sells It, Ask Him.
J^Lombard .
Foundry, Machine, Boiler
Works and Mill Supply
House
AUGUSTA GEORGIA
Cotton Oil, Gin, Saw, Grist, Cane,
Shingle Mill, Machinery Supplies and
Repairs, Shafting, Pulleys, Hangers,
Grate Bars, Pumps, Pipe, Valves and
Fittings, Injectors, Belting, Packing
Hose, etc. Cast every day.
GASOLINE AND KEROSENE
ENGINES
Pumping, Wood Sawing and Feed
Grinding Outfits.
FOR SALE.
NO. 1 Ten-room dwelling with tin
roof, almost new, within a short w?lk
of post office. Completed with mod
ern conveniences, electric lights, etc.
Has garden, also corn and potato
land at premises. All out buildings.
NO. 2. Twenty-one (21) acre farm
with seven-room, modern dwelling
with electric lights, and all out build
ings. Has plenty of wood, pasture
with water and 18 acres will make a
bale of cotton to the acre. Conve
nient to High School. Partly in the
town of Edgefield.
E. J. NORRIS.
How Are You Traveling?
Are you in a financial rut? Are you plodding:
along as you have for years? Are you traveling in
the same old circle that lands you nowhere?
If so isn't it about time to make a change,. to
get out of the rut and into the broad highway where
the successful people travel? It may not be easy, it
may not be done all at once but it's worth tryiner.
How can it be done? As others do it, by saving, by
placing the savings no matter how small, in our bank,
by keeping this up, by adding to the account by forc
ing yourself to save. It is no easy job to get of a rut,
but it can be done- We will help you.
The Bank of Trenton, S. C.
All checks drawn on The Bank of Trenton can be cleared free of ex
change through the Federal Reserve Bank.
COTTON BUYERS
f
Why take the risk of lower
markets when you buy cotton?
Hedge your purchases with us.
Make a legitimate merchant's
profit, avoid losses and keep
your credit good at the bank.
When you buy cotton, sell short
an equivalent amount, then if the
market goes down, you make on
your short sales what you lose on
your spot purchases. If the mark
et goes up, you make on your spot
purchases what you lose on your
sales so that in either case you
have a buyer's profit without risk
to yourself.
We can handle your hedge bus
iness in lots ot ten bales.
Martin & Co. Edmund ?. Felder
81 Broad Street
New York City, N. V.
OR S. C. Representative
1512 Sumter St, Columbia, S. C.
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probably need iron in their blood and should take
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MANUFACTURERS
Charleston - - * . South Carolina