Edgefield advertiser. (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, July 16, 1919, Page SEVEN, Image 7
living in that shadow, the nations
had come by our assistance to I
freedom. It was our duty to
everything that it was within
power to do to make the triump
freedom.
Old entanglements of every
. stood in the way-promises w
governments had made to one ar
er in the days when might and r
were confused and the power of
victor was without restraint. BE
glements which contemplated
positions of territory, any extens
of sovereignty that might seem t<
to the interest of those who had
power to insist upon them, had t
entered into without thought of v
the peoples concerned might wisl
profit by; and these could not alu
be honorably 'brushed aside. It
not easy to graft the new order
ideas on the old, and some of
fruits of the grafting may, I fear,
a time be bitter. But, with very
; exceptions, the men who sat with
at the peace table desired as sincei
a? we did to .get away from the
lmfluences, the illegitimate purpoi
th? demoralizing ambitions, the in
national counsels and expedients
of which the sinster designs' of C
maay had sprung as a n?tural grov
lt had been our privilege to fon
late the principles which were ace?
ed as the basis of the peace, but tl
had been accepted, not because
had come to hasten and assure
victory and insisted upon them, \
because they were readily acceded
as the principles to which honora
and enlightened minds everywhere I
been bred. They spoke the conscier
of the world, as well as the conscier
of America, and I am happy to j
my tribute of respect and gratitude
the able, forward-looking men w
whom it was my privilege to co-op
ate for their unfailing spirit of con
eration, their constant effort to acco
tnodate the Interests they represent
to the principles we were all agre
upon. The difficulties, which we
many, lay in the circumstances, n
often in the men. Almost without (
?eption the^ ]rven_ who^ led had caug
the true and full vision oT~the* prc
lem of peace as an'inadvisable who
a problem not of mei ely adjustmen
of interests, but of Justice and rig
action.
The atmosphere in which the co
ference worked seemed created, n
by the ambitions of strong gover
ments, but by the hopes and aspir
- tions of small nations and of peopl
hitherto under bondage to the pow<
that victory had shattered. and d
stroyed. Two great empires hi
been forced into political bankruptc
and we were the receivers. Our tai
was not only to make peace with tl
central empires and remedy tl
wrongs their armies had done. Tl
central empires had lived in open vii
lation of many of the rights for whic
the war had been fought, dominatin
alien peoples over whom they had r
natural right to rule, enforcing, n<
obedience, but veritable bondage, e>
ploiting these who were weak for th
benefit of those who were masters an
overlords only by force of arm:
There could be no peace until th
whole order of central Europe was se
right.
That meant that' new nations wer
to be created-Poland, Czecho Sic
vakia, Hungary itself. No part of ar
cient Poland had ever in any tru
sense become a part of Germany, or o
Austria, or of Russia. Bohemia wa
alien in every thought and hope t<
the monarchy of which she had s<
long been an artificial part; and th
uneasy partnership between Austry
and Hungary had been one rather o:
' interest than of kinship or sympathy
The Slavs whom Austria had chosei
to force into her empire on the soutl
were kept to their obedience by noth
ing but fear. Their hearts were wit!
their kinsmen in the Balkans. Thea*
were all arrangements of power, not
arrangements of natural union or as
sociation. It was the imperative task
of those who would make peace and
make it intelligently to establish a
new order which would rest upon the
free choice of peoples, rather than
upon the arbitrary authority of Haps
burgs br Hohenzollerns.
More than that, great populations
bound by sympathy and actual kin to
Rumania also were linked against
their will to the conglomerate Austro
Hungarian monarchy or to other alien
sovereignties, and it was port of the
task of peace to make a new Rumania
as well as a new Slavic state cluster
ing about Servia. .
And no natural fronties could be
found to these new fields of adjust
ment and redemption. It was neces
sary to look constantly forward to
other related tasks. The German col
onies were to be disposed of. They
had not been governed; they had been
exploited merely without thought of
the interest or even the ordinary hu
man rights of their inhabitants.
The Turk|sh empire, moreover, had
fallen apart, as the Austro-Hungarian
had. It never had any real unity. It
had been held together only by piti
less, inhuman force. Its peoples cried
aloud for release, for succor from un
speakable distress, for all that the
new day of hope seemed at last to
bring *within its dawn. Peoples hith
erto in utter darkness were to be led
out into the same light and given at.
last a helpful hand. Undeveloped
peoples ready for recognition but not
yet ready to assume the full respon
sibilities of statehood were to be giv
en adequate guarantees of friendly
protection, guidance and cssistance.
And out of the execution of these
great enterprises of liberty sprang
opportunities to attempt what states
men had never found the way before
to do; an opportunity to throw safe
guards about the rights of racia
tional and religious minoritie;
solemn international covenant; a
opportunity to limit and regulate
tary establishments where they
most likely to be mischevious; a
portunity to effect a complete ane
tematic intrenationalization of v?
ways and railways which were r
sary to the free economic life of
than one nation and to clear :
of the normal channels of corni
of unfair obstructions of law o
privilege; and the very welcome
portunity to secure for labor the
certed protection of definite int
tional pledges of principle and
tice.
These were not tasks which
conference looked about it to fine
went out of its way to perJ
They were inseparable from the
tlements of peace. They were tl
upon it by circumstances which i
not be overlooked. The war had
ated them. They had to be set :
by applying some uniform prin
of justice or enlightened expedi
And they could not be adjusted
merely prescribing in a treaty 1
should be done. New states wei
be set up which could not hope to
through their 'first period of weak
without assured support by the g
nations that had consented to 1
creation and won fpr them their i
pendene?. Ill-governed colonies c
not be put in the hands of gov
ments which were to act as trus
for their people and not as their 1
ters if there was to be no com
authority among the nations to w
they were to be responsible for
execution of their trust. Future
ternational conventions with ref
to the control of waterways, with
gard to illicit traffic of many ki
in arms or in deadly drugs, or "\
regard to the adjustment of m
varying internaitonal administra
arrangements could not be assure
the treaty were to provide no per
nent common international agencv
its execution in such matters was
be left to the slow and uneerl
processes of co-operation by ordin
methods of negotiation. If the p*?
conference itself was to be the enc
co-operative authority and comr
counsel among the governments
which the world was looking.to
force justice and jrive pledges of
enduring settlement, regions like
Saar basin could not. be put unde
temporary administrative regi
which did not involve a transfer
political sovereignty and which c
templated a final determination of
political connections by popular v
to be taken at a distant date; no f
city like Danzig could be crea
which was, under elaborate inter
tional guarantees, to accept exe
tional obligations with regard to
use of its port and exceptional re
tions with a state of which it was J
to form a part; properly safeguar<
plebescites could not be provided :
where populations were at some :
ture date to make choice what sov
eignty they would live under; no c
tain and uniform method of arbit:
tion could be secured for the sett
ment of anticipated difficulties of fii
decision with regard to many matt<
dealt with in the ?treaty itself; 1
long continued supervision of the ta
of reparation which Germany was
undertake to complete within t
next generation might entirely bre
down; the reconsideration and rev
ion of administrative arrangemer
and restrictions which the treaty pi
scribed but which it was recogniz
might not prove of lasting advanta
or entirely fair if too long enforc
would be impracticable. The proi
ises ?overnments were making to o
another about the way in which lab
was to be dealt with, by law not on
but in fact as well, would, remain
mere humane thesis if'there wa*
be no common tribunal of opini<
and judgment to which liberal state
men could resort for the influeno
which alone might secure their r
demption. A league of free natioi
had become a practical necessity. E:
amine the treaty of peace and y<
will find that everywhere throughoi
its manifold provisions its frame:
have f?lt obliged to turn to the leagi
of nations as an indispensable instn
mentality for the maintenance of tl
new order it has been their purpoi
to set uj> in the world-the world <
civilized men.
That there should be a league <
nations to steady the counsels an
maintain the peaceful understanding
of the world, to make, not treatic
alone, but the accepted principles c
international law as well, the intel
national rule of conduct among th
governments of the world, had bee
one of the agreements accepted fror
the first as the basis of peace wit
the central powers. The statesme:
of all the belligerent countries wer
agreed that such a league must b
created to sustain the settlements tba
were to be effected. But at first
think there was a feeling among som;
of them that, while it must be at
tempted, the formation of such J
league was perhaps a counsel of per
fection which practical men, long ex
perienced in the world of affairs
must agree to very cautiously anc
with many misgivings. It was onlj
as the difficult work of arranging ir
all but universal adjustment of the
world's affairs advanced from day tc
day from one stage of conference tc
another that it became evident tc
them that what they were seeking
would be little more than something
written upon paper, to be interpreted
and applied by such methods as thu
chances of politics might make avail
able if they did not provide a meana
of common counsel which all wen
obliged to accept, a common autLor
ity whose decisions would be re<
sized as decisions which all must
?peet
And so the most practical, the n
skeptical among them turned rt
and more to the league as the autl
ity through which international ad
was to be secured, the authority w
out which, as they had come to see
it would be difficult to give assu
effect either to this treaty or to ,
other international understand
upon which they were to depend
the maintenance of peace. The i
that the covenant of the league i
the first substantive part of the tra
to be worked out and agreed up
while all else was in solution, bel]
to make the formulations of the i
easier. The conference was, after
not to be ephemeral. The concert
nations was to continue, under a d
nite covenant which had been agr
upon and which all were convin
was workable. They could go f
ward with confidence to make
rangements intended to be permane
The most practical of the confer
were at last the most ready to re
to the league of nations the supei
tendenct of all interests which did j
admit of immediate determination,
all Administrative problems wh
were to require a continuing ov
sight. What had seemed a coun
of perfection had come to seem
plain counsel of necessity. The leag
j of nations was the practical stat
man's hope of success in many of 1
most difficult things he was attem]
mg.
And it had validated itself in 1
thought of every member of the c(
ference as something much bigg
much greater every way, than a me
instrument for carrying out the pi
visions of a particular treaty. It w
universally recognized that all t
peoples of the world demand of t
conference that it should create su
a continuing concert of free natio
as would make wars of aggressi
and spoliation such as this that h
just ended forever impossible. A c
had gone out from every home
every ?triejeen U^ndjfrpm whi?h so:
and brothers and fathers had goi
forth to the great sacrifice that sui
a sacrifice should never again be e
acted. It was manifest why it hi
been exacted. It had been exact
because one nation desired dominic
and other nations had known l
means of defense except armamen
and alliances. War had lain at tl
heart of every arrangement of tl
conferences affecting the states i
Europe-of every arrangement of tl
world-that preceded war. Restr
peoples had been told that fleets ai
armies, which they toiled to susta*
meant peace; and they now kno
that they had been lied to; that flee:
and armies had been maintained 1
promote national ambitions an
they knew that no old policy meai
anything else but force, force-alwaj
force. And they knew that it Wi
intolerable. Every true heart in tl
world and every enlightened judf
ment demanded that at whatever coi
of independent action, every goven
ment that took thought for its peopl
or for justice or for ordered freedoi
should lend itself to a new purpos
and utterly destroy the old order c
international politics. Statesme
might see difficulties, but the peopl
could see none and could brook n
denial. A war in which they ha
been bled white to beat ?the ferro
that lay concealed in every balanc
of power must not end in a mere vic
tory of arms and a new balance. Th
monster that had resorted to arm
must be put in chains that could no
be broken. The united power of fre
nations must put a stop to aggres
sion, and the world must be givei
peace. If there was not the will o:
the intelligence to accomplish tha
now, there must be another and J
finaftwar and the world must be swep
clean of every power that could re
new the terror. The league of na
tions was not merely an instrumem
to adjust and remedy old'wrongs un
der a new treaty of peace; it was th?
only hope of mankind. Again anc
again had the demon of war beer
cast out of che house of the peoples
and the house swept clean by a treat;
of peace; only to prepare a time when
he would enter in again with spirits
worse than himself. The house must
now be given a tenant who could hojd
it against all such. Convenient, in
deed indispensable, as statesmen
found the newly planned league of
nations to be for Ithe execution of
present plans of peace and repara
tion., they saw in it a new aspect be
fore their work was finished. They
saw it as the main object of the
peace, as the only thing that could
complete it or make it worth while.
They saw it as the hope of the world,
ana that hope they did not dare to
disappoint. Shall we or any other
free people hesitate to accept this
great duty? Dare we reject it and
break the heart of the world?
And so the result of the conference
of peace, so far as Germany is con
cerned, stands complete. The diffi
culties encountered were very many.
Sometimes they seemed insuperable.
It was impossible to accommodate the
interests of so great a body of na
tions-interests which directly or in
directly affected a'most every nation
iii the world-without many minor
compromises. The treaty, as a result,
is not exactly what we would have
written. It is probably not what any
one of the national delegations
would have written. But results were
worked out which, on the whole, bear
test. I think that it will be found
that the compromises which were ac
cepted ?a inevitable nowhere cut to
the heart pf any principle. The work
of the conference squares, as a whole,
We give the ladies
beautiful assortment
Crepe de Chine and S
We have a strone
Worsteds, and also i
see them.
Our stock of Slippe
shown. It will be a
DAIT
NEW RATES
Prudential Life.
Ago
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
3^
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
45
50
55
-I 'r'
Whole Life
$16.24
16.53
16.83
17.16
17.51
17.87
18.25
18.64
19.05
19.48
19.94
20.41
20.91
21.43
21.98
22.56 . "
23.17
23.82
24.51
25.22
25.98
26.78
27.64
28.55
29.49
30.51 ?
36.59
44.93
56.45
At these low rates Prudential Poli
cy pays double in case of accidental
death.
If disabled by accident or disease,
you stop paying premiums' and the
Company pays you $10.00 per month
per each $1,000 as long as disabled,
and then at your death pays the face
amount of your policy.
E. J. NORRIS,
Ins. Salesman:
20 YrV
$24.81
25.15
25.50
25.87
26.25
26.64
27.05
27.48
27.92
28.37
28.85
29.33
29.85
30.37
30.93
31.50
32.10
32.72
33.38
34.05
34.76
35.50
36.28
37.09
37.96
38.87
44.25
51.55
61.60
. 1 Ji^
GEORGE F. MIMS
' OPTOMETRIST
E es examined and
Glasses fitted for all
Errors of refraction.
JOHN A. HOLLAND,
The Greenwood Piano Man.
The largest dealer in musical instru
ments in Western South Carolina. Sells
pianos, self-player pianos, organs and
?ewing machines. Reference: The
Bank of Greenwood, the oldest and
Wrongest Bank in Greenwood Countyr
ls in Waist Silks
} a special invitation to call and see our
of silks for waists, Taffetas, Georgette,
latin in all the popular colors.
j line of Skirts in Silks, Satins, Serges,
n Wash Skirts. We invite the ladies to
TS and Oxfords is the largest we have ever
pleasure to show you.
CH BROTHERS
Next door to Lynch Drug Store
SOME STRIKE IT RIC
BUTA SURE WAY IS
TO PUTA L
IN THE BAN
EVERY WEEK
CooriUbt 1909. bT C. E. Zimmerman Co.-No. 5}
THERE is no doubt about
money in the bank, it is
sure and positive. Maybe slow, but there
is the satisfaction that it is sure. Posi
tive in every way, both that it will grow,
and that it is safe.
BANK OF EDGEFIELD
/
OFFICERS : J. C. Sheppard, President; A. S. Tompkins, vice-President j
G. J. Mima, Cashier; J. H. Allen. Assistant Oashier.
DIRECTORS : ' J. C. Sheppard, Thos. H. Rainsford, John Rainsford, M. C.
Parker, A.S. Tompkins. C. C. Fuller. E. J. Mime. J. H. Allen
George Heintz
AND HIS BARBERS
HAVE MOVED
FROM THE ALBION HOTEL
TO THE STAG .
I 750 BROAD STREET
Where we will be pleased to see our MANY FRIENDS and CUSTOMERS
TOM HARRIS, E. M. HEATHCOCK, R. DUERRELL
GEORGE HEINTZ
You Should Be Considering the
Screen Question
We believe our mill-made
screens will more than inter
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them of various woods and of
bronzed, galvanized or black
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Every order is special for
either, windows, doors . or
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of made up screens.
Write for Free Catologue
and Prices.
WOODWARD LUMBER COMPANY
AUGUSTA, GEORGIA
QUALITY Phone 158 SERVICE