Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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flome?wB IS NO LOM G ER EXPERIMENT Gardten City Has Been Proved to Be Complete Success by Its Devel opment in England. While the community idea In this country should not exactly be called a negative expression, its development to date hardly warrants terming it a positive enterprise. Concerning this movement Noble Post Haggen says : "The garden city and town-planting movement has reached the highest point of effectiveness in England and has proved something more than a suc cessful experiment. "The model Villages ?of Letchworth, Port Sunlight, Bournvllle, which pro vide homes, real homes, for working people, are artistic creations of men possessed of splendid imagination and sympathetic understanding. Add to these Hempstead Garden suburbs, the Garden village near Cardiff, with their picturesque winding roads and vine covered dwellings, and ohe may look in vain for their counterparts In Amer ica.. They are nothing less than fairy garden spots. . ''The difference between the garde? city and the garden suburb is that the first ls a separate entity, a self-sus taining unit; the latter Hes on the outskirts of large cities and becomes a part thereof. "There Is no distinct and overwhelm ing element of philanthropy as a basis for the creation of these model towns. They are paying investments from the practical point of view. The plan has been for a number of manufacturers to give serious thought to the furthering of the garden city movement. The con gestion in our large cities,' contrary to all natural laws, has about reached its limit. We can no longer excuse our selves for past errors in town plan ning on the theory that this is a young country. New towns are being laid out today with the same pitiful lack of constructive Imagination as hereto fore; paralleled streets, giving the as pect of a great, ugly checkerboard ; no civic centers, no playgrounds, insuffi cient parks. "The garden cities that are destined to bloom in America and that are to be the result of a movement fathered by American industrial institutions, should be equal. If not superior, to any like developments anywhere in the world." REASON FOR CITY PLANNING Allows for That Development Sure to Be the Lot of a Town That Has Live People. City planning is the economy of ac tion today that insures possession to morrow. The average American city doubles every twenty-five years. This means that lt quadruples every fifty years. The growth of Minneapolis ls more rapid. It doubles In somewhat less than seventeen years. It will, at its present rate of growth, reach a million and a quarter in a third of a century. Even this rate of growth may be ex ceeded. Transportation Is the essence of city planning. Rapid, frequent and cheap means of communication between home and workshop, one workshop and an other, and workshop >and homes, are indispensable to community efficiency. The chief agency of transportation is the street system. Every other agency depends upon it, foot travel, vehicular travel, surface, subway and .elevated service, the telephones and the tele graph, sewers and conduits-all are controlled, determined, dictated by the street system. City planning is the prevision of the imminent population and of its trans portation needs. When Planning Brick Building. , The choice of brick is a difficult mat ter to advise. Avoid brick likely to discoloration through presence of salts in the clay. Brick should be hard burned, impervious to water and non absorptive. Do not judge of the effect of brick from a sample held in the hand. Go and see some building in which the brick in question has been used. In purchasing brick make sure that the same size and color are likely to be in stock for some time. This may prevent trouble in case of later alterations. All Should Have Garden. It ls always well to have all plans made and things ready so as to be able to take advantage of the first oppor tunity for getting hardy seeds into the ground. If one did not have entire success " with one's garden last year, one can now study ways to profit by mistakes made then. Let us appreciate the beauty and the worth of our gardens. The need of them this year will be more evi dent than ever. Iudeed, patriotism de mands that all who can possibly do so plan for a garden this summer. Excellent Garden Plan. A good garden plan is an inspira tion Have every part of the plan la bile I with the first crop and the sec ond crop to follow when the first one com ?s off. Study and rearrange the pian until lt is just right, and you can Jn l'oaginatlon see it planted. If yon ?pv, hr.S some experience, you can set dov n the approximate dates when ?ho .fl?L.rent seeds are to be planted. The man with the hoe ls the man of the hour. Another good rule of conduct: Knit socks and be cheerful. A seed In the ground ls worth twa thousand un the counter. Food speculators must be made to keep their feet out of the trough. The idle acre and the aching idler should both be made to produce. Farm tractors do not eat oats, but their hides" make very poor boots. Man may make a garden; but It doesn't take a cat long to unmake it. Night plowing indicates that the American farmer has begun mobiliza tion. There are quite a number of colonels who have dropped the title since war was declared. Variety may be the spice of life, but just now we would prefer more life and less variety. One amateur gardener dug up a dia mond worth $500. This should stimu late us all to greater effort This Is going to be a big war and a long war. Let us get rid of inefficiency and useless talking in fighting lt. Now is the time for some ngenious person to revive that plan of providing a milch goat for every householder. The war taxes will not go up In smoke, but those schedules on cigars, tobacco and cigarettes are bound to. Having gone to the ant, the sluggard begs to report that that Interesting and thrifty animal is a nefarious food hoarder. People who.cannot do anything else for the country can learn to wait on themselves and thus set free some needed labor. If the women could be induced to join heartily in this back-to-the-land move ment, there would be no dearth of men to cultivate the farms. The naval inventors are now said to be getting down to brass tacks, which, as is well known, are only a short dis tance above the U-boats. There is plenty of coal and there is plenty of labor, and, apparently, there is a persistent impression that the con sumer has plenty of money. Husky young men between the ages of eighteen and twenty-one. left in the cold by the war department, might ren der yeoman service on the farms. The censor will confer a favor If he will stop the circulation of stories of plots and attempted explosions that are as authentic as Jack the Giant Ki iier. Some of the golf links may bd turned Into potato patches, and as you may. have observed some golfers have shown themselves expert at turning up the sdil. A prize cf $250 has been offered for the best American patriotic poem. Jt must cover the whole field of human liberty to meet the needs of the pres ent day. Philadelphia grocers have their lit tle joke. They are enforcing a rule to sell only actual requirements to cus tomers "to keep prices from getting too high." One of tho great desiderata of the ape is a noiseless alarm clock. It has now been patented. But, alas, instead of ringing an inaudible bell it shakes the sleeper. To maintain its neutrality has cost Switzerland $30 for each man, woman and child of Its population, and the submarine could not hurt the Swiss navy, cither. Judsring by the way the Germans are visiting their wrath on the country they are abandoning, it must be hard for the French to loll when they have captured another village. Public agitation has subsided to a degree (lint permits a United States citizen to enjoy a pretzel or a frank furter sausage without incurring sus picion that he is a German spy. And after we get all our gardens and crops planted it would be a good Idea to lie-in work on an improved method of distribution, so that none of what we raise will go to waste. Don't pull any fruit, vegetable, ani mal or fowl too soon. Just let it grow. If you don't the dinner bell will be so muffled next winter that a great many people may not be able to hear it at all. According to the Pennsylvania State college agricultural school, neither ten nis courts' nor golf courses make good land for crops. Besides, there ls an abundance of unused land available without these desirable recreation grounds. According to Doctor Gray, tho hope that the war can be won easily by some American invention is like the idea that the human body can be kept healthy without exercise, but by drink ing something out of a bottle. And he ia right. Technical Work Should Not Be Un dertaken Unless Butter ls Made on Commercial Scale. (Prepared by tho United States Depart ment of Agriculture.) In creameries it is customary to con trol to some extent the ripening of cream bj- means of 'Starters," which are pure cultures of lactic-acid-produc ing bacteria grown in pasteurized milk. The making of starters is tech nical work that should not be under taken unless butter is made on a com mercial scale. If the milk and cream are produced under proper conditions, there is no need for using starters. If handled under those conditions and protected from contamination, cream will develop the desired flavor when allowed to ripen or sour naturally at the proper temperatures. When butter is made on a commer cial scale, it may be advisable to con trol the ripening and thus make a product that is more uniform from week to week. Commercial cultures for starter mak ing may be obtained from culture man ufacturers and from dairy supply houses. Directions for using accom pany each package and should be fol lowed carefully. A natural or homemade starter may ? be made as follows : 1. Clean thoroughly and boil for five minutes three pint fruit jars and tops. After bolling keep the jars covered to prevent the entrance of bacteria. 2. Take a pint sample of milk freshly drawn from each of three cows, place in the jars, cover, cool to 75 de grees Fahrenheit, and keep at that temperature until curdling occurs. , 3. Curdling, or coagulation, should take place in about 24 hours. An ideal curd should be firm, smooth, marble like, free from holes or gas bubbles, and should show little or no separa tion of the whey. It should have a clean, sharp, sour or acid flavor. 4. Select the sample that most close ly meets those conditions and propa gate .lt; discarding the others. The selected sample Is* propagated as fol lows : (a) Clean thoroughly and boil for five minutes a quart jar, the top, and a teaspoon. (b) Fill the jar with freshly drawn milk, cover loosely, heat slowly to boil ing, and pasteurize by boiling gently for 80 minutes. (c) Cool tlie milk to 75 degrees Fah renheit and add a teaspoonful of cur dled milk described in section 3 and set away to curdle at that tempera ture. (d) Propagate the starter from day to day in the same manner described in a, b and c. The starter de scribed in c is the one to use for ripening the cream, and should be add ed in such quantities as to be one tenth to one-fifth of the cream to be churned. MILK STERILIZER IS FAVORED Cheap and Effective Device That Has Important Bearing on High Grade Product. (Prepared by the United States Depart ment of Agriculture.) The simple steam sterilizer for dairy utensils developed by the United States department of agriculture ls meeting with great favor from munici pal milk and health authorities. The device has been demonstrated by the health authorities in 172 cities and 99 officials have written to the depart ment praising the value of the device in improving the local milk supply. Thirty-seven health officers report that the device is being made locally for use by dairymen. Several dairy milk Inspectors stated positively that the local milk supply has been improved through the Introduction of this de vice. During the past season the sterilizer was demonstrated to more than G,000 farmers and was made the subject of a campaign In favor of clean milk utensils that reached thou sands of dalry farmers. Twenty-six of the state agricultural colleges se cured devices to demonstrate to their short-course students. The device is now being made commercially and can be purchased complete with oil stove for $8.50; or the sterilizer portion alone, which provides apparatus for sterilizing pans, palls, separator parts, small utensils and strainer cloth, can be purchased for $5.50. Directions for making the home sterilizer are given in Farmer's Bulletin 74S, which will be sent free on application to the de partaient Job Let The Advertiser JOB OFFICE DO YOUR PRINTING We are equipped with the most modern facilities, and can do your printing in the most up-to-date man ner on short notice. Our New Linotype Machine! will set type from the small type to the heavy display type. I All kinds of work done in the most ap proved manner. i SATISFACTION GUARANTEED Send your orders to The Edgefield Advertiser