ROADS AS CROP PRODUCERS
Government Studies Show How the
Agricultural Output of Country
Depends Upon Its Highways.
That an Improved road will increase
vastly the productiveness of the area
through which it runs has now been
satisfactorily demonstrated by; stud
ies conducted by the United States
"iepartment o? agricultural in Vii?
ginia. Conditions in Spctsylvania
county were investigated with par
ticular ? carland the results s?1Save
proved suprising. In 1909, the coun
ty voted $100,000 to improve 40 miles
of road. Two years after the com
pletion of this work the railroad took
away in 12 months from Fredericks-:
burg, the county seat, 71,000 tons of
agricultural and forest products hauled
over the highways of that town.
Before the improvement of the
roads this total was only 49,000 tons
annually; in other words, the quantity
of the county's produce had risen
more than 45 per cent. Still more in
teresting, however, is the increase
shown in the quantity of the dairy
products. In 1909 these amounted to
114.815 pounds, In ' 1911 tb 273.02S
pounds, an increase of practically 140
per cent in two years. . In the same
time shipments of wheat had increased
59 per cent, tobacco 31 per cent, and
lumber- and other- forest products 48
per cent.
In addition io this increase in quan
tity the cost of hauling each ton of
produce was materially reduced. In
other words,,the farmers not. only pro
duced mor?, but produces more cheap
ly, for the cost of transportation to
market is of course an important fac
tor in the cost of production. From
this point of view, it. is estimated that
the $100,000 spent in improving the
road in Spotsylvania county saved the
farmers of that county $41,000 a year
In the past two years the traffic
studies of the federal experts show
that approximately an average of 65,
000 tons of outgoing products were
hauled over the improved roads in
the county an average distance of
eight miles, or a total of 520,000 "ton
miles." Before the roads were im
proved it was estimated that the aver
age cost of hauling was 20 cents a
"ton.-mile;" after the Improvement this.
fell to 12 cents a "ton-mile," or a sav
ing of eight cents. A saving of eight
cents per mile on 520,000 "ton-miles"
3^00 a-year.
Because this saving, in cases of this
character, does not take the form of
cash put directly into the farmer's
pocket, there isja widespread tendency
to believe that it is ' fictitious profit,
while as a matter of fact it is just
as real a source of profit as an in
crease in the price of wheat.
In Dinwiddie county, Virginia, for
example, where peanuts are one of
the staple crops, the average load for
two mules on a main road was about
a thousand pounds before the road was
improved. After its improvement the
average load was found to be 2,000
pounds, and the time consumed in
hauling the larger load to market was
much reduced.
IDEAS ON ROAD IMPROVEMENT
Speedways, Joy-Ride Trails OP High
ways for Pleasure Traffic Not
Wanted by Farmer.
Sanity has overtaken the advo
cates of better rural highways. In the
old days the good road advocate
dreamed of nothing less than macad
am, and his visionings ran often to
brick-paved paths and concrete coun
try lanes. All the rural world rolled
smoothly by over traffic ways that
would cost anywhere from $5,000 to
$15,000 per mile. That was before
the farmer had really entered into the
movement and before the small town
merchant, the rural banker, and the
county seat cities had begun to think
about good roads in terms of dollars
and cents'. Twenty years of agitation
has brought us face to face with the
fact that the taxpayer does not want
speedways, Joy-rider trails or roads
for pleasure traffic, says St. 3'jouis Re
public. The man on the farm wants
? good firm, well drained highway that
he can use at any and all seasons of
the year, and he does not want to be
bankrupted or driven to the poor
house in getting it.
? # Laying Pullets.
Pullets very often are slow at start
ing to lay owing to becoming too fat.
In growing pullets there should be
more nitrogenous and less carbo
naceous food given them.
Importance of Movement.
Of the 2,000,000 miles of public
roads in the United States only about
two hundred thousand miles have
been given a hard surface. This
shows the Importance of the good
roads movement.
Poor Highways. *
Poor highways lessen the profit of
labor, increase tho cost of living^ bur
den the enterprise of the people, dull
the morality of our citizenship and
hold down the educational advance
ment of the country.
H?NTS FOR HOUSEWIVES
PRACTICAL SUGGESTIONS PER
TAINING TO THE HOME.
?Imple'; Method of 'providing for Plant?
When Family Has to Leave Home J.
-How to Prevent Accumula
. tlon of Flies; "
. - .
" If you intend leaving home for a
few days ao|l..^lsh^o'kee^ #pur palms
and other plants well watered during
your absence, take a tub and get as
many bricks as you haye pots to place
in the . tub. , Cqyer/f the bricks .-wttn..
"kiter, ;and>thej.p?a?$s placed on them.
> will ?diraw/ail?,:rther/ moisture they re
quire, and keep in good condition.
Mildew stains are sometimes a
source of great trouble, and are diffi
cult ito :r?m?v?: unless you know just
the right way. .Rub a little soap over
th? ??i?d?wi sppta, and on. top -of. this
a little chalk and lemon juice. If the
garment is then. put. out-in the sun
for a couple of hours and afterwards
washed in the usual way the spots
will dis?ppear.
To wash a sweater knead the sweat
er in warm water in which a little
soap has been dissolved. ' Repeat three
times j using j fresh ., suds each . time.
Rinse in tepid water to which a little
ammonia has befen added. 1 Press' out '
as much moisture , as. possible and
hang out to dry in the wind.
To prevent the 'accumulation of flies,
wash the windows and frames, picture .
glass and gas brackets with fluid am
monia and wat?r. This will destroy
the eggs. It will also produce a splen
did -clearness and lasting polish to the
glass and mirror.
To^keep butter, put your butter-in a
dish andi place: it In another one with
water and: a little salt. Then place
another cover over it,"and it will, keep
quite fresh and firm in hot weather.
Never throw small pieces of new
linoleum away. Keep them in your
coal box; it saves the box wearing at
the bottom. Use some, to stand sauce
pans' on and to line housemaid's box,
also the kitchen boot-blacking and
metal-cleaning boxes. . Cut in small
pieces, it will make a bright fire with
a few sticks added.
If you want to stiffen A straw hat that
has become limp, brush it over with
a mixture made by dissolving a few
drops of gum in a little vinegar. It is
also a good plan to wire the brim with
some Very fine wire, and a good black
hat dye will work wonders with a
black straw, but be sure that you
choose a dye that will not "run"
should you be caught in a shower.
Brass, silver or Sheffield plate that
has been lacquered should never be
cleaned with metal polish, bath brick
or anything else, of the kind, but mere
ly rubbed with a soft cloth and fin
ished with silk dusters. If the pieces
are very dirty, a .little sweet oil may
be used. It saves a lot of trouble if
silver and brass candlesticks, etc., are
lacquered. The lacquer can be bought
and applied with a soft brush. The ar
ticle should be perfectly clean, dry
and bright.
Pork Steak.
Try this for a change: Roll the
steaks in egg and cracker crumbs and
fry a golden brown in hot fat. While
they are cooking make this tomato
sail ce:
Fry a small onion, chopped fine, in
one tablespoonful of butter; when
brown, add one-half can of tomatoes
and stew a few minutes,, then put
through a sieve. Heat and add one
tablespoonful sugar, season with salt
and pepper and add a pinch of soda.
Thicken with one. teaspoonful corn
starch. Arrange your meat on a plat
ter and pour the sauce around the
meat.
White Pickle.
Chop 12 large, ripe tomatoes. Put
12 large cucumbers and 12 large
onions through the meat grinder.
Salt the cucumbers and onions and let
them stand one hour. Strain off the
juice, and the meaty part of the toma
toes, and cover with vinegar. Season
with two tablespoonfuls of sugar, two
teaspoonfuls of celery seed, one tea
spoonful of red pepper. Mix all the
ingredients in the preserving kettle,
bring to a boil and can and seal while
hot.
Suggestions for the Cook.
There is a popular prejudice against
fried food, but food perfectly fried is
not harmful to a healthy person. Fry
ing can be perfectly done only when
the fat is smoking hot. Croquettes or
other food coated with eggs and
crumbs and immersed in smoking fat
will not be greasy, and may be eaten
with impunity.
Currant Fluff.
Beat white (allow one egg to a per
son) of egg to stiff froth, add knife tip
of salt and scant dessertspoonful of
home-made currant jelly. Beat till
smooth and rosy. Pile on slice of cake
or sugar cookie. This amount is really
enough for two persons if egg is large.
Peach Croustades.
Cut stale sponge or delicate cake
Into blocks, remove a portion from the
center" of each to make a well, fill with
half a preserved peach, pour over a
spoonful of the sirup, cooked until well
reduced and crown with a spoonful of
whipped cream.
Saving Milk.
When making tomato bisque use the
water in which rice has been boiled
instead cf milk. It will not curdle
and is much cheaper to use than milk,
besides being fully as good.
COVER CROPS FOR ORCHARDS
Any Plant Producing Large ''?mo'?ni
of Green Material to Be Plowed
Under Can Be Used. .
(By B' P. SANDERSTEN, Colorado Agri
cultural College.)
What crop to use in orchards can
best be determined by?local conditions
and chsracter'OFspil. -|In other words,
the choice of ' plants \s a local Prob
ien?.. Any crop that will produce a
large amount of green material to be
plowed under can be used. Oats sown
early in the sprjing will form :a heavy
mat of herbage and should be plowed
.under when in milk. Red clover is an
other excellent crop, trat in this ease
the clover crop should regain in the
-orchard for two years: - The" .3rst--crop
cl clover should be cut and left on the
ground, while; the second crop should
be plowed under when in blossom.
The fruit growers should bear in mind
that the orchard is not a hay field and
that very little good will result from
th?'-use-of "cover crops if the crop is
cut for hay. Besides, there-is danger
'from poisoning " if the orchard is
.sprayed with-arsenical poisons. Al
falfa; is not. adapted to orchards, as it
is difficult to eradicate and no orchard
should b? left permanently in sod.
. The question, is sometimes asked:
Why cannot weeds be used as cover
crops? The objection to weeds is
mostly 'from tli'? fact that they do net
mature at the same time and in order
to get the. best results they* have to
be* cut. too early; and' ev?n then some
species of plants will have already
matured--their seeds; which- afterwards?
may be difficult to eradicate. Field
peas is another excellent crop for the
orchard. The point that the writer
wishes to emphasize is that the use
of a cover crop is not primarily to in
crease the fertility of the land, but to
add vegetable matter.
STRAWBERRIES UNDER GLASS
.-j'; i ; J_\ j ?? j
Choice Fruit for Family Table May
Be Raised by Use of Cold Frames
-Use Any Variety.
Choice fruit for the family table may=
be raised by the following method:
Strawberries for winter fruiting, stouts
stocky plants of this year's growth,,
should be carefully taken up with
balls of earth and placed in the cold;
frames before the ground freezer,
manure should be spread between"
the rows. Slide on the sash at night
and cold, wet days. Cover with' straw';
mats at night, but give an abundance
Luscious Strawberries.
of air when the weather is mild. Keep
the soil moist and mellow. The latter
part of January the outside frames
should be lined with 20 inches of horse
Manure should be spread between
heat from the manure will start the
plants into growth. Air in the middle
of any mild day. Put on extra mats
when nights are frosty. Any good,
perfect, flowering variety may be used.
When plants are in bloom take a
whisk broom and gently shake the
flower stems to distribute the pollen.
FRUIT IN ATTRACTIVE FORM
Never Pack Wormy, Badly Bruised
and Poor Apples in Same Package
-Make Quality Uniform.
(By R. S. MACKINTOSH.)
The way fruit is put on the market
determines whether it will sell at the
highest figure. If we are to be suc
cessful in disposing of the surplus
Fruit we must be sure the fruit is
packed in an attractive manner. The
package often sells the fruit. "
In the first place the apples should
36 hand picked. In the'second place,
2lean boxes or barrels should be used.
Do not put choice apples in old boxes,
sacks or barrels. Pack th& apples
:ightly to prevent bruising.
Select the type of packiige best
raited to the demands of the market.
Some markets want apples in boxes,
A'hile others prefer the bairel. Al
vays consider the other fellow. Would
rou want to buy apples that were
-vormy, badly bruised, good and bad
n the same package? No! j'ou want
ipples of Uniform quality, put up in
LU attractive form.
Sod-Mulch Treatment.
The sod-mulch treatment of the soil
n apple orchards cannot be generally
.ecommended for our state .conditions,
?ays a New York state bulletin. Occa
donally, however, in exceptional loca
ions, it proves more profitable to leave
m orchard in sod, and cut the grass to
;erve as mulch over the tr?e roots,
haix to plow down the cover crops in
he spring and keep the sort clean an?
veli stirred during the summer.
SO?THER? ? R??t
SCHEDULE CHANGES
Effective Sunday? Oct. 18, Colum?
bia Division.
Trains Nos.-19 and 20, between
Columbia and Augusta, discontinued
' Trains Nos. 23-24 and 121-124,
between 'Columbia, Savannah and
Jackson ville, discontinued.
'Tiahi No. 131, Southeastern
Limited Ieav? Columbia 9:20 a m.,
Lexington," 9:46 a m.. Leesville
10:27 a m., Batesburg 10:35 a m.,
Ridge Spring 10:55 a m., Ward
??:?6 ? m.. Trenton 11:35 a m.,
Grariiteville 12:15 p rai, Warren
v?ll? 12:20 p m., arrive Augusta
12:50 pm.
' Train No. 132, Southeastern
Limited l?averA?gusta 2:30 p in!,
Warrehv?ll?, 3:00 p ml, Cfranitevijle
3:4Vm., Trenton 3:40-p m., John
ston 3:55 p m., Ward 4:05 p m.,
Ridge Spring 4:15 p oi.,~ Batesburg
4:35 p m., Leesville 4:40 p m.,
lexington 5:22 p m., arrive. Colura
bia'OiOO pir?:' ' ; '?*'. .
. Between Aiken a'ndEdg?fi?ld.
", Train No. 2 ? 0 between Aiken and
E.lgefield, discontinued.
Train No. 231. leave Edgefield'
'11-10 a m.. arrive Tren Lon 11:30
m. ' ' ..
Trafn No. 231, between Trenton
an;d Aiken, discontinued.
1 ' Trahi'Nb. 229, ' leave Edgefield
12:20 p rn;, Trenton 12:40 p m., ar
riv?" Aiken 1:40 p m.
I Traiii No. 207, leave Ed'gefieid
7:20 p m., arrive Trenton 7.:4? p ni
Tiain No. . 208, "leave Trenton
8:00 a in., arrive Edgefield 8:20 a m
Train No 230, leave Trenton
iil:3'5 a m., arrive Edgefield 11:55
am.
Train No. 232, leave Aiken 2:30
p m.', Trenton ?:40 p m.,. arrive
Ed gefiel cl 4:00 p m.
Train No 206 leave Trenton 7:45
p m, arrive Edgefield 8:05 p m.
Between Batesburg and Perry.
Trains Nos 135 and 136, between
Wagener and Perry, discontinued.
Train No 149, daily, exoept.Sun
day, leave Batesburg 7:00 a m.,
Wagener 8:50 a m., arrive Perry
9:10 a m.
Train No 51, Sunday only, leave
Batesburg, 7:40 am., Wagener 8:55
a m., arrive Perry 9:10 i ra.
Train No. 151, daily, leave Bates
burg 2:30 p m., Wagener 4:15 p
m., arrive Perry. 4:30 p m.
Train No. 148, daily, except Sun
day, leave Perry 10:20 a m, Wage
rer 11:00 arrive Batesburg 12:55
pm.
Train No 50, Sunday only, leave
Perry 10:20 a m, Wagener 10:82
im, arrive Batesburg 11:55 a ra.
^Train No 152, daily, leave Perry
5:05 p m, W?ge?ef, 5:17 p rn, ar
rive Batesburg 6:30 p m.
Augusta-Aiken-Jacksonvil.le, Pull
man Drawing Room Sleeping Car,
handled on trains Nos 24 and 25.
discontinued.
Schedules between intermediate
stations adjusted accordingly.
For additional information, res
ervations, etc., communication with:
Magruder Dent J. A. Townsend
District Pas. Agent Agent
Augusta, Ga. Edgefield, S. C.
To Head-Off
a Headache
Nothing ia Better than
Dr. Miles' Anti-Pain Pul?
They Give Relief Without
Bad After-Effects,
**l can say tliat Dr. Mlle*' Rem
edies have boen a godsend to mo
and my family. I used to have
such terrible headaches I would al
most be wild for days at a time. I
began using Dr. Miles' Anti-Vain
Pills and never have those h?cvf?
aches any more. I can speak highly
of Dr. Miles' Nervine also for ft
cured one of my children of a terrible
nervous disorder. I can always
I speak a good word for your Rem
edies and have recommended them
to a good many of my friends who
have been well pleased with them."
MRS. GEO. H. BRYAN.
's Janesville, Iowa.
For Sale by AH Druggists.
25 Doses, 25 Cents.
MILES MEDICAL CO., Elkhart, Ind.
?"or Weakness and Loss of Appetite
The Old Standard general strengthening tonic,
GROVE'S TASTELESS chill TONIC, drives out
Malaria and builds up the system. A true tonic
qr'' ei^re Appetizer. For adults and children. 50c
To Cure a Cold in One Day
Take LAXATIVE BROMO Quinine. It stops the
Cough and* Headache and works off the Cold.
Druggists refund money if it fails to cure.
E. W. GROVE'S signature on each box. 25c
PROFESSIONAL
BR J. S. BYRD.
Dental Surgeon
OFFICE OVER POSTOFFICE.
Residence 'Phone 17-R. Office 3.
A. H. Corley,
Surgeon Dentist
Appointments at Trenton
On Wednesdays.
ELROY G. SMITH
Hydralic arid "Sariitary Engineer: "
Water Supply,, Good Roads, Land Sub
division arid Surveys.
Investigations, Reports and
Plans.
316 Harrison Bldg. Augusta, Ga
Make the Old suit
Look New
i
ICllllS THE COUGH. CURES THE LUNGS.
We are better ; prepar?? >jvi
than ever to do first-olaSs'^ll
work in cleaning and preiss^'
lng of all kinds. Make your .'
old pants or suit new by let
ing us clean and press them.
Ladies" skirts and suits al
[ so cleaned- and pressed. Sat^0
. isfaction guaranteed..^m?Ai
Edgefield Pressing
Club
WALLACE HARRIS PRO?.
To Prevent Blood Poisoning
apply at once the wonderful old reliable DR.
PORTER'S ANTISEPTIC HEALING OIL, a sur
gical dressing that relieves pain and baals at
ie sama time. Not a liniment. : 25c. fry^K?O
Cures ?ii Sores, ?tnt,, nc.iiedies Won't Curs.
The worst cases, no matter of howlong staiuline
are cured by the wonderful, old reliable Dr
Porter's Antiseptic Healing Oil. It relievei
Tain and Heals n t the same time. 25c, 50c, $!.(/?
to sell the most remarkable bargain in-.the ^
magazine world this year.
? ?? ul" sai di?f
Regular Price
Everybody's $1.50
Delineator $1.50
T/i.'.:. L '.ii
Total $3.00
BOTH
Women
Wanted
T?'ONE
PERSON
A monthly salary and a liberal commission
on each order. Salaries run up to $250.00 per,
month, depeuding on the number of orders. ?
. This work can be done in your spare-time,:
and need not conflict with your present du
ties. No investment or previous experience.
. necessary. We furnish full equipment free.
Write for particulars.to
The Ridgway Company
?i
Spring and Macdougal Streets,
New York
niiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii!iiiniiiiiiiiiniiii!ii!i
Lessons Come Easier
J F the child has a big, generous ligh t to
1 study by. The i/S?J'?! LAMP
saves eye strain. It is kerosene light at
its best-clear, mellow, and unflickering.
The RAYO does not smoke or smell. It
is easy to light, easy to clean, ?nd easy to
rewick. The RAYO costs little, but you
cannot get a better lamp at any price.
STANDARD OIL COMPANY
Washington, D.C (NEW JERSEY) Charlotte. N. C,
Norfolk,Va. nit T?T?ADT Charleston, W. Va.
Richmond, Va. BAL 1 IIVIUKE. Charleston, S. C
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RhUHMIIUlUillfflS
EjaumtaBBan
Ford Automobiles
We have accepted the agency for the
P'ord Automobiles for Edgefield County,
and will have constantly on hand a stock
of Touring Cars and Run-Abouts. Shall
be pleased to show them to those who
contemplate buying a car. The Ford
cars defy Edgefield?s winter roads.
They are an AlI-the-Year-Round Car
We will also carry a full assortment of |
all parts of the Ford cars, and can fill or- ;
ders at our Garag ;. without your having
to wait to get extra pai\s by express.
Make your auto wants known to us, and
we will satisfy them on short notice and
at reasonable prices.
Edgefield
Auto and Repair Shop
Edgefield, South Carolina