Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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The Jury System 1 e .Voi Twelve Gc?d and True Men but Perjurers Who Weed JHtention . ? ? Ey F. IV. Hendrickson NY-one who has had any considerable experience as a jury man can readily call to mind many Instances of the pee1'1 mental efforts of a number of jurymen with whom he'has at times been associated. When twelve men, strangers to one another, are brought together seriously to examine and decide some complicated question of facts lt can easily be understood that the case is rendered still more complicated by the diversity of opinion that is likely to prevail among the jurymen. i While the conflicts of the jury room are for the most clear result of pig-headedness as opposed to falrmindedness, often jterminatlon opposed to stubbornness, still it must be said that the suits are in the interests of justice. It is not always easy for., any e individual jurymen to form a personal opinion, and the main dif thls. respect is invariably his lack of confidence in the witness on the jury system have been of common occurrence ever since Edward HI. The problem to be solved at this time, however, is the jury be replaced with some safer and surer method, but witness stand be kept free from the large number of wilful liars oath with a mental reservation, give their manufactured evl fter the verdict is rendered, just or unjust, retire to the privacy without a blemish and with a laugh up the sleeve at the im ?e law. [to be a common id?a among lawyers that they cannot hope to ?es if their opponents- produce too many untruthful witnesses, that any man who is able on cross-examination to annihilate of a witness on the stand is eminently qualified to secure iroval of the jury system. Many lawyers, try as they may, break down the testimony of* a well schooled witness without [in a way that the jurymen are usually slow to understand or well, now that a few shafts are to be directed at the system the administration of justice, if a good proportion of these a mark among the growing class of hell bent conspirators ,and others who give them encouragement. ig the Revolvers Ly Paul Thieman Iaw requires that every bottle of poison shall be labelled Inctly not only arsenic, laudanum, or strychnine, but ison-Beware!'.' Usually skull and cross-bones are added to emphasize deadliness of the danger. And lt seems as If is actually necessary to require all 'firearms to bear a large red metal tag, relatively as plain as labels on nolson bottles and signs at railway crossings. The United States Constitution guarantees to the cltl-. keep and bear arms. But it would not infringe that right to ile of the red metal t?g: DEADLY Stop-Think! DANGER! WEAPON. Take Care! DANGER! a few simple rules for avoiding the accidental discharge of re id sparing your own and others' liv's: hand a firearm around to be looked at without first removing the Iges. io not finger the trigger or handle the hammer until they are removed. Count the cartridges! Never clean a revolver that is loaded. Never reload with the weapon at half cock or full cock. Don't touch one if you don't know how to bindle lt. Don't keep a revolver! The last rule is most reliable in preventing accidents. Did you ever think of the absurdity of keeping a weapon you couldn't 3dt a burglar with, even if he stood still and let you take careful aim? For burglars, keep a halberd-you can scare them with that more than If .you pointed two revolvers at them!-New York American. ??>><"? ?'**?????<'???<<??? 4*4 Q?fir^r-^r .. The.. -V-*Vfc< Horse a Stupid Animal ?y E. T. Brewster HERE have been on exhibition, at various times, horses who are, apparently, prodigies of mathematical insight; who can do anything with numbers that the trainer can do. Yet we absolutely know'that no animal can so much as count at at all. Furthermore, it ls always the horse that performs these marvels, though the horse is the most utterly stupid of all the dumb creatures that man has made his friends. That is precisely why the horse is always taken to be made into an arithmetician. He is so stupid that he can te taught anything-any habit, that is-and haying no mind to be taken up "vrfth his own affairs, can be relied on to do exactly as he Is told. I All these arithmetical fakes, whatever their details, are worked in es sentially th? same way. The horse is taught, by endless repetitions, some mechanical habit. A given signal, and he begins to paw the floor. Another signal, and he stops. Press the proper button, and he takes a sponge and rubs, lt over a certain spot on a blackboard, or picks up a card lying in a certain position. That ls all he does. The meaning of the act exists for the spectator only. The pawlngs count the answer to a problem In addition, the card bears the reply to a question. But the horse does not know it. He merely follows a blind habit, just as he will ?top when you say "Whoa!" though you interpolate the word into your recitation of the Declaration of Inde pen dence.-McClure's. ^i**??wv .j. 4 ?j? 'i**.**^.*^**..**.*^' i* 'J* 'I* J* 4 '2' 'I*4!*^ / f " The Greatest Glory ? Of Any People" By Col. George Harvey, Editor of Harper's Weekly <>.:-:..>.>:..>?:..:.* F to-morrow this Nation should be obliterated, if the earth I * ? * ?.* Jjjf .v.; ..>.*..-..;..;..;. ?J. 4? .;..>.>.;. .>*>->.:. v Itself should be destroyed, the greatest glory of any people would be left In these Imperishable words: "Congress shall make UM law respecting an establish ment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the fr?edom of speech or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances." There was the crux of human liberty, there shone the noonday sun from whose face the clouds of the middle ages had been swept away, there flashed the spirit of freedom from which ls now springing gov ernments by the people from the land of the Spaniard to the home of Ma homet; but underneath and upholding ail was and is the one great overpower ing fact that there, for the first time in the history of the world, tolerance was written Into the fundamental law of a land guided, guarded and inspired by Christian faith. Torpedo Practice Scared thc Fish. Argyll fishermen protest against tor pedo practice being carried on in the Firth of Clyde and "the Kllbrannan Sound, by warships. They .contend that it scares the fish from the Firth and that the herring fishing ls being gradually ruined. At a mass meeting at Campbelltown it was declared that not a box of herrings had been landed since the fleet came, ?whereas the weekly average before ?ras ?300. ? . . Si' ,'. . As Usual. Mrs. Wickwire-If you go first, you will wait for me- on the other shore, won't you, dear? Mr. Wickwire-I suppose so. I nev er went anywhere yet without having to wait for you.-Illustrated Bits. The United States annually ex ports more cottonseed oil than t all the other countries of the world combined-42,000,000 out of 52,000, 000 gallons. President Taft waG the central fig ure iu a number of conferences Mon day and is living up to the prediction made many weeks ago that in the conference consideration of the tariff bill he would lend his influence to conciliate all differences. At a conference at the White House it was definitely decided that the rate to be levied under the new corporation tax shall be reduced from two per cent, to one per cent., and that in redrafting the measure now in conference along with the tariff bill, due consideration will bc given to the demands of the mutual life in surance companies; whose incomes would have been seriously affected. The tariff conferees made satisfac tory progress Monday in spite of tho fact that the House members were compelled to be absent much of the time on account of the session of the House. Thus far, however, the amendments agreed upon in the chemical, earthenware, metal and wood schedules have been of minor importance. . . . By passing over the cotton and woolen schedules without taking any af thc amended paragraphs, and skip ping the disputed points connected with the rates on lamber in the wood schedule, the tariff conferees were able to dispose of about 400 amend ments Tuesday. This number however includes subjects that were settled tentatively on Monday and Saturday. Many important subjects, such as the House drawbacks features in the alcohol paragraph, the rates on oil cloth and the various, items under the h*ad of lithographs, were submitted to sub-conferees. The treasury ex perts who helped thc Senate finance committee in its consideration of the bill are assisting the conferees in fathering information about these subjects. A representative of The Associated Press Tuesday interrogated one of the conferees as to the progress that has been made. A list of practically oil of the amended paragraphs of public interest was submitted to him. Strenuous objections were raised by the House members of the tariff conference Wednesday to the Senate provision in the maximum and mini mum feature of the tariff bill, which gives to the President authority to employ such persons as he may de sire to aid him in enforcing the tariff laws and which will be useful to Con gress in tariff legislation in the fu ture. The provision which provides for the establishment of a court of cus toms appeals was adopted. It is in tended that this court shall deal with all cases of appeal from the hoard ! of general appraisers and that -its j judgment shall be final. .The' salaries j of the five judges were fixed at $10,- j OOO, instead of $7,000 as provided by i the Senate amendment. The Senate maximum and mini mum provision was agreed upon tenr tatively as a substitute for the House feature, with the exception of the provision for the employment of tar iff experts. The House conferees claimed that the House ways and means committee and the Senate fi nance committee have the investiga-' tion of tariff matters as their special province. . . . . Twenty-four hours would see the end of the work of the Senate and j House conferees on the tariff bill,1 and a substantil agreement upon the | questions at issue but for the five propositions-iron ore, coal, hides, oil and lumber-upon which the Pres ident stands firm for radical reduc tion or even abolition of the tariff. Great progress was made by the conferees Friday. A preponderance of the differences have been adjusted In each schedule, however, are a few items that have necessitated investi gation in order to enable the con ferees to get together. This is true of lead products, such as paints, in the chemical schedule; numerous ar ticles in the metal schedule on which the rates depend upon the settlement of the iron ore question; the demand for a change in the classification of wool tops; the change from ad valo rem to specific rates on cotton goods; the increase made by the House on gloves, and the wood pulp and print paper contest. The rates on silks and woolen goods were determined Fri day. The Senate won in both cases. On silks there will be a considerable advance over existing duties; on woolen, ne change from thc present law except in regard to wool tops, which are to be given a new classi fication. The duty on tops is prohibi tive now, and it is predicted that it will continue so, even after the re du?tion is put into force. The Senate provision reenacted the Dingley rates of the whole woolen schedule, while the House provided for material re ductions. . . . Washington, Special.-Presiden! Taft will win his fight for free or re duced rates of duty on raw materials Nearly every member of the confer ence on thc tariff bill conceded Sat urday. Thc indications are that when the new tariff bill becomes a law, the rates on thc articles whicl j the President desired to. come in frei will be as follows: Iron ore, free (present rate 4( cents per ton.) Oil. free (now protected by coun tervailing duty.) Hides, 71-2 per cent, ad valoren (present rate 15 per cent.) Coal, 45 cents per ton. (Presen! rate 07 cents.) Lumber will probably be $1.25 or rough, with Senate rates on finish ed. This would be a material reduc tion throughout, the lumber schedule When the conferees transferred tf the President's shoulders the respon sibility of putting the foregoing raw materials1 on the free list, it was nol believed he would meeet with success in bringing about a changed ' senti fent in relation to these articles. A change of sentiment seems ap parent. ' ? -Cnr?ooi oM??ffi WIVES m Bigamist Johnson Recalls Twe the K?turns Are Incomplete i Swindling Women-Goe to Serve Seven Years s San Francisco, Cal.-It is all over with Christian Johnson, the German horse buyer and bigamy expert, champion to . date' ot all his kind. Johnson has been taken from San Jose, where ie was Convicted, to San Quentin prison, to serve a sentence of seven years. "When he hes served his term most any <?ity or village in the country can claim him at will and send 'r :m away on another charge of blgam: He says that he has mar ried so i \y /?romea that he cannot remembf ;hem all. He was able to recall enty of his victims, but aa his ll: nslsts,. with'only two ex ceptions, Western women, and as he is km to have operated heavily in marri" vows In New York and New Jerfi-;* and New England, it ls believed that the twenty represent leas than half of lia actual wives. He does not Include Miss Julia A. Fredericks, of Freeport, L. I., whom he married in 1900, decamping next day with .$1600 of her money. Johnson ia sixty-four years old, portly and fine looking and, despite the hardlcap of years, is known to have married eight women since No vember, 1905. His lovemaking has been on oven a more generous scale, and, according to his own statement, he courted ten Portland (Ore.) women at one time, but married only one <if the lot. ?n probably hun dreds of Instances he merely made love to women and skipped away with sums of their money varying from $200 to several thousands. Made It a Profession. Johnson dates the beginning of his criminal. career three y?ars back, but as the marriage with Mls3 Fred ericks took place nine years ago, and he came to thi? country in 1871, there ls no telling how long he has made a living by the role of lover. "In 1908." he said, "I quit my busi ness of buying horses, and from that day to this time I have been making nay living by marrying, making love tn'women, petting their money and ussercing them." Johnson was known as John Mud con, John C. Anderson aud C. O. Moeller, and lt waa under the name ol Madson that he married Miss Fredericka. He said that at first he was a woman hater, having been sep arated in Germany from a sweetheart wfio later died. "I married only one woman under the name of Madson." he said. "Her name was. .Tones-if I remember rightly-Ada Jones. I got $1800 from her because she said She loved me. I could have got $50,000." The bigamist credits Mrs. Mary Brown, whom he raarried In Spring field, Mass., In 1905, and immediate ly deserted, with being his first and only legal wife, but it ls believed that perhaps a score antedate her. Johnson say? he was born on March ll, 1845, In Flensburg, Schleswig-Holstein. He learned mar ine engineering and worked as a ma chinist in Trenton, N. J., when he came to America in 1871. To Live on Cupid's Bounty. After, his desertion of the Spring field widow Johnson went ?to,New Or leans as si horae trader. Then his health failed and he determined to live on Cupid's bounty. His next venture, according'to his story, was With Mrs. Sylvia Pollard de Bonnett at San Francisco. Two weeks after this false mar riage Johnson said he had lio go to Germany and left town. Neit he ap peared In Portland, where ho mar ried Mrs. Eliza Jones, a widow of a wealthy coal dealer. Two weeks after the marriage he took her to Oakland. Cal., where, with $1800 of her money in his pockets, he skipped mt for Memphis. His next marriage, victim's name forgotten, took place In the East. A ceremony was resorted Pigeons Cover 510 Miles In Nine Hours and Seventeen Minutes. Baltimore, Md.-In a fiight of birds of the Southern Federation of Homing Pigeon Fanciers, just con cluded, a record that has stood for the last twelve years has been broken. The hirds, all owned in this city, were liberated at North Bay, Ont., 510 miles air line, from Balti more, and the first to arrive covered the distance in nine hours and seven teen minutes, an average of 1600.05 yardB a minute. The best! previous record Is ?340 yards a minute. Notes of the Diamond. Can't stop that fellow Red Murray when it comes to a pinch. The Senators won't be seen In New York City again this season. Outfielder O'Hara, of the Giants, is a graceful worker and a pretty judge of a fly ball. Jimmie Canavan is now covering the Southern League, scouting for the Detroit Club. There are few pitchers in either of the big leagues that have any. hisser curves than Hughes, and when he's right he's good. PROSP?RIT? i by Davenport, in tho New York Mall. DIDN'T pw WHAT TO DO nty Spouses, But It is Believed -Made Living by Wedding and :s to San Quentin Prison it the Age of Sixty-f our. to, he said, only when money could not be obtained beforehand. Returning last spring to San Fran cisco, Johnson married Mrs. Henri etta Leopold and Mrs. Josephine Tretheway, of Stockton, within one month.of each other, on A?ril IB and May 17. On June 16 he wedded Catherine Hoene, of San Diego, a maiden forty-two yer.rs old, who gave him $200. He was traced back to San Francisco by Miss Minnie Cather, I whom he had married, and then the police got him. List of Wives. Here is Johnson's "official" list of his wives: Mr8? Catherine Hoene, San Diego; Mrs. Josephine Trethe way, Stockton; Mrs. Sylvia Pollard de Bonnett, San Francisco; Mrs. Henrietta Leopold, San Francisco; Eliza Jones, Portland; Mrs. Mary Brown, Springfield, Mass.; Mrs. Frances Hepburn, Oakland; Miss 'Minnie Cather, San Francisco; Mrs. Josephine Henninger, Oakland; Mrs Birdie King, Hot Springs, Ark.; Mrs. Elizabeth M. Jackson, Iola, Kan.; Mrs. Mary Frick, East St. Louis; Catherine Hospital nurse, St. LOU?B; Mrs. Alice Richardson, St. Louis; Mrs. Catalina Saughman, St. Louis; Mrs. Minnie Allen, St. Louis; Mrs. Bertha King, Memphis, Tenn.; Mrs. De Loem, Portland, Ore. Among Eastern women from whom he received money was Mrs. William Kirkman, a wealthy widow, of Little Neck, L. I., from whom he got $1500 and whom he was to marry on the day he led Miss Frederick, to the altar.. Others were Miss Carrie Bandford, of Roseville, N. J., $1500; Miss Bertha Love, of Newark, $600, and Miss Josephine Hanson, South Brooklyn, $600. j From most of the women, Johnson says, he obtained money or Jewelry, br both. When in the East Johnson ensnared women with a picture of his mythical ranch in Southern Cali fornia, with Its orange groves and mellow climate. In the Weat he de scribed hie palatial dream home on the Hudson. But now his pleasures are ended. He fears that he will succumb to his weak heart before he ls released from San Quentin. He asserts that the only wife he ever really loved was Mrs. de Bonnett; He advises women to keep away from matrimonial agencies, declar ing that he never used them except with deliberate intent to defraud. On the train from Son Jose to this city women crowded about and seemed to take great interest ki him. "It just goes ;o show you women are fools," remarked Johnson to the Sheriff. "Look at them. If any man would come along here and say nice things to most of them, be polite and- show interest In their doings and hopes they would smile and. smirk until the poor man would find himself fak ing pity on them and proposing. "That was what got me into trouble. Men of my temperament are always in danger unless we re fuse absolutely even to talk to women. Johnson's confession is full of comment. Here are a few extracts which show his philosophy. "I've led a rather sporty life, and I want to say that whatever I got out of women I spent on them right away. They kept me broke. "I have found it did not pay to be soft and sweet With the women. Treat them a little harsh and be a little distant and they will -come to you. If I saw a woman that.I really liked I made up my mind I would make her fall In love with me, and I seldom failed. "Once started with the idea of get ting money from women. I continued to dupe them, and I did not marry those from whom I could get money without." Inventor Of Night Flying Machine Says Big Company is Forming. London.-The Daily News quotes Dr. Boyd, who is the inventor anil builder of the new English airship which has been making flights at night, as saying that wealthy men are interesting themselves in forming a private company with a capital of a quarter of a million pounds sterl ing (SI,250,000) to operate the pat ents which are being taken out.. Dr. Boyd hopes to begin daylight trials of tho machine in aoout a month. Women in Day's News. Miss Crawford invented the word "muncheon" to describe one of Hor ace Fletcher's feasts. Miss E. Claggett has been elected assistant secretary of the Chamber of Commerce of Natchez, Miss. As women refused to use the "for women only" cars in the Hudson tun nel the company ended that exclusive service. Friends of Mrs. Cora W. Rose, who died in poverty in New York City, with her clergyman huBbaud absent, nald an undertaker to avoid Potters' I . LEGISLATOR MAKES RECORD. .Mrs. Aima v. Lafferty has not let the grass grow under, her feet as a ra ember of the Colorado Legislature. She Is the only woman who has sat In that, body, and, further, ls one of the most strenuous of all the legislators since the session began. ? She has introduced fifteen bills, and, more to the point, all have passed. ' Still more, 6he says she is not yet through, and may make her record an even score. Mrs. Lafferty has more than held her own in debate, and also in com mittee. She has shown a remarkable faculty for grasping the most involv ed questions, and has a grasp on all me business of the House. She rep resents one of th-2 strongest possible arguments for the cause of equal suf frage. If all women were as practica' and level-headed as she is the prayer of the suffragists might be granted without further delay. But the point is, would men want all women that way?-New York Press. THE NATIONAL BANK OF AUGUSTA, AUGUSTA. GA. L. C. HAYNE, CHAS. R. CLARK, President. Cashier CAPITAL'$250,000.08. Surplus & Profits $190,000.00. The business of oar out-of-town friends receives the same careful attention as that of our local depositors. Tho accounts of careful consei^stlre people solicited. ^?^??^?l??^?^?I?.^?^?I?.I??^??I??H??I-I?l^f^H 'linn M-H iirii H-w The Planter's Loan ai\d Savings Bank Augusta, Ca. Pays Interest on Deposits, J* Accounts Solicited. LC. HAYNf, CHIAS. C. HOWARD, PRE?i DEi\ i'. OA.SHIEU,. f^ESCMJki.ES OVER $1,000,000. ??'H-H I 1 I I M 1 I Mill 'Mi #?0.SHmD(|S% 1 nov/ represent a strong line of Fire Insurance Companies and can insure your property. Your patronage will be 1 appreciated. Light Saw, Lathe and Shin ?fie Mills, Engines. Boilers,, Supplies and repairs, Porta qle , Steam and Gasoline En gines, Saw Teeth, Files, Bell? and Pipes. WOOD SAWS and SPLITTERS. k Gins and Press Repairs. Try LOMBARD, AUGUSTA. G\. aja GO TO SEE ' HARLING & BYRD Before insuring elsewhere, Wegrepresent the Bes* Old Line Companies. HAf?L/flG &. BYRO* M The Farmers Bank of Edgefield 1 On $1000 Insurance Age 17 to 20 2T 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 3o 35 Premium $*4 95 14 29 *5 99 16 37 1677 17 ia 17 62 15 o&> x8 57 19 08 22 io E. J. NO?O^?^, THE tKG. ENCIN?T You w;. nt an engine th: t runs like a top, smoothly and uninterrupt edly. If an engine balks or stops and you have to fool awa^ your time to find out the cause, you don't want that engina because it means a waste of tim: and energy. -:- -:- -.. I. H. C. engines are so prac tical and so simple that when you start them they run until you stop them .whether you are watching or not Nev?r out of repair; don'twaste fuel. Caji on us and we will gladly expiais tho good points of the I. H. C engine. -:- -.- -r- f T ?0 J?