Edgefield advertiser. (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, March 10, 1909, Image 3
livered by\The I
'he-Occasion, of
Ouiiine of His
and ForciM
VI'ow Citizens:
one who takes the oath I
just ?aken must feel a heavy
it of responsibility. If not, he
a conception of the powers and
of ile elate upon which ha is
to cuter, or he is lacking in a
sense of the obligation'which
:h imposes. : (
Ishould be untrue? to myself,
iy premises and to the declara
of the party platform upon
I wis elected to office, and
Sy distinguished' predecessor
reforms are conspicuous if I
t make the maintenance ?nden
ent of those reforms a most
nt feature of my administra
They were directed to the suj>
ih oz the lawlessness _ and
of power of the great corn
ais of capital invested in Tall
and in. industrial enterprises
g o?a interstate'commerce. The
which my predecessor took and
legislation passed on his recom
dation have accomplished much,
caused a general halt in the
policies whivh created pop
alaim, and have brought about
ic business affected, ? much.high
gard ?for existing law;
render- - the reforms lasting,
?ver, imd to secure at the same
freedom from alarm on the part
'bose pursuing proper and pro
dve business methods, further
stative and executive action are
M. Relief of the railroads from
Bin restrictions of the auti-trust
ihave been urged bv my predeces
Ind will be urged bj- me. On
>ther ?and, the administration is
?red to legislation looking to a
er federal supervision and re
iion to prevent excessive issues
grands and stocks by companies
g and operating interstate com
e railroads. ,\
en? too, a reorganization of the
* ent of Justice, of the Bu
of Corporations in the Depart
of Commerce and Labor and
e Interstate Commerce Commis
looking to effective co-operation
ese agencies,, is needed to secure
ore' rapid and certain enforce
it of the laws affecting interstate
roads and industrial combina
ts.
hope to be able to submit, at the
t regular session of the incoming
tgress, in December next, definite
gestions in respect to the needed
mdments to the anti-trust and the
Estate commerce law, and the
ages required in the executive de-rl
tm en ts concerned in their enforce- '
at.
such plans must, be formulated as
1 include the right of the people to
di themselves of those, methods of
nbining capital and effort deemed
sessary to reach the highest de
je of economic efficiency, at the
ne .time differentiating between
rabin at ic ns based upon legitimate
jnomic reasons and those formed
th* the intent of creating monop>
9 and artificially controlling prices.
Phe work of formulating into prac
al shape such ch?nges in creative
rk of the highest order, re
ires all the deliberation possible
the interval. I believe that the
endments to be proposed are just
necessary in the -protection of
itknate business as in the clinch
. of the. reforms which properly
ir the name of my predecessor.
Revision of the Tariff.
S. matter, of most pressing impor
t?e is the revision of the tariff. In
.ordance with the promise of the
tform .upoT. which I was elected,
tholl call Congress into extra ses
n, to meet on the 15th dav of
ireh, in order that consideration
y .be at once given to a bill re
ing the Dingley Act. This should
ure an adequate revenue and ad
it the duties in such a manner as
afford to. labor and to all indus
es in this - country, whether of the
a, minc or factory, protection by
iff equal to the difference-between
cost of production abroad and
cost of production here, and have
revision which shall put in force
a executive determination of cer
f?ets, a higher or maximum
biff against those countries whose
acte policy toward us equitably re
tires such discrimination. It - is
ought that the tariff above stated
ill permit the reduction of rates in
rtain schedules and will require the
[varicement of few, if any.
Il; is imparatively necessary that a
riff bill be drawn in good faith in
gordan ce with promises made he
re ihe election by party in power,
td as prttimtly passed as due consid
at?on. wj?Hjte?t, It is not that^ tho
ritt is moT^Tulportant rn the long
in than the perfecting of the re
arms in respect to anti-trust legis
ticn and interstate commerce regu
tion, but .the need for action when
e r?vision of the tariff has been
itermined upon is more immediate
avoid embarrassment of business.
Graduated Inheritance Tax.
'.t is imparative that the deficit of the
tst year, of $100,000,000 shall not.
i BUSY SUNDAY FOF
Washington, Special. - President
ect Taft attended divine services
the Unitarian church. Then he
?ed over to the White House in an
ttomcbile for a conference with the
resident. After leaving the White
ouse he went to the home of Sena
ir Eugene Hale, of Maine, at Six
enth and K streets, for luncheon,
t 4 o'clock in the afternoon he re
traed to thc Boardman House,
here he and Mrs. Taft were the
tests of honor at a large reception
--
^?ew President Upon
Pis /Inauguration.
Policies Clearly
y Set Forth.
t
continue, and the framers of the
^iorifi? bill must of course have in
mind the total revenues likely to be
produced by it, and so arrange the
duties as to secure an adequate in
come. Should it be-impossible to do
so by import duties, new kinds of
taxation must be adopted, and among
these I recommend a graduated in
heritance tax, as correct in principle
and as certain and easy of collec
tion;
The obligation on the part of those
responsible. . for the expenditures
made to carry on the government, to
be as economical as possible, and to
bake the burden of .taxation as light
as possible, is plain and should be
affirmed in every declaration of gov
ernment policy. This is especially
true when we are face to face with a
heavy deficit. But when . the desire
to win the popular approval leads to
the cutting ' off of expenditures
really needed to make the govern
ment effective, and to enable it to
accomplish its proper objects, the re
sult is as much to be condemned as
the waste of government funds in un
necessary expenditures The scope of
a modern government in what it can
and ought to accomplish for its peo
ple has widened far beyond the prin
ciples laid down by the old laissez
faire school of political writers, and
this widening has met popular
approval.
In tho Department of Agriculture,
the ns? of onifirir'*??' ' (>r"?rV',',**
on a large scale, and the spread of
information dorived from luciu lmt
the improvement of general agricul
ture, must go on. .
.The importance of supervising
business of great railways and indus
trial combinations, and the necessary
investigation and prosecution of
unlawful business methods, are an
other necessary tax upon -government
which did not exist half a century
ago.
Conservation of Our Resources. ,
The putting into force of laws
which shall secure the conservation
of our resources, so far as they may
be within the jurisdiction of the
Federal Government, including the
most important work of saving and
restoring our forests, and the great
improvement of waterways, are all
proper government functions which
must involve large expenditures if
properly performed. While some of
them, like the reclamation of arid
lands, are made to pay for them
selves, others are of such an indirect,
benefit that this cannot be expect
ed of them. ' A permanent improve
ment, like the Panama Ganai, sfiould
"be treated as" a distinct enterprise,
and should be paid for by the, pro
ceeds of bonds, the issue of which
will distribute its cost between the
present and future generations in
accordance with the benefits derived.
It may well be submitted to the
.serious - consideration of Congress
whether the deepening and control of
the channel of a great river system,
like that of the Ohio or of the Mis
sissippi, when definite and practical
plan's for the enterprise have been
approved and determined upon,
should not oe provided for in- the
same way.
The Anny and the Navy.
Then, too, there are expenditures
of government absolutely necessary
if our eountry is to maintain its
proper place among the nations of
the world, a:i? is to exercise its pro
per influence in defemie of its own
trade interests, in the maintenance
of traditional American policy
against the colonization of European
monarchies in this hemisphere, and
in the promotion of peace and inter
national morality. I refer to the cost
of maintaining a proper Army, ' a
proper Navy and suitable fortifica
tions upon the mainland of the Unit
ed States and in its dependencies.
We should have an Army so or
ganized, and so officered as to be cap
able -in time of emergency, in co
operation with the National Militia,
and under the provisions of a proper
national volunteer law, rapidly to ex
pand into a force sufficient to resist
all probable invasion from abroad
and to( furnish a respectable expedi
tionary force, if necessary, in the
maintenance of cur traditional Amer
ican policy which bears the narie of
President Monroe.
Our fortifications are yet in a state
of only partial completeness, and the
number of men to man them is in
sufficient In a few years, however,
the usual appropriations for our
coast defenses both on the mainland
and in the dependencies, will make
them sufficient to resist all direct
rsttact. fthd- by that time we may
hope that the men to man them will
be provided as a-necessary adjunct.
What has been said of the Army
may be affirmed in even a more
emphatic way of the Navy. A modern
navy cannot be improvised. Tt must
be built and in existence when the
emergency irises which calls for its
use and operation. My distinguished
predecessor has in many speeches
and messages set out with great force
I PRES - ELECT TAFT.
given by Miss Mabel Boardman.
Larger crowds than usual attended
both the Grace Reformed and the
Unitarian churches Sunday morning
on account of the final attendance of
Mr. Roosevelt at Grace church . and
the presence of Mr. Taft at the
Unitarian. President Roosevelt
walked to and from his church,
yi'hile Mr. Taft used an automobile
both ways. Rev. Dr. Edward Everett
Hale, chaplain of thc Senate and a
Unitarian assisted in the services.
and striking language the necessity
for maintaining a strong navy com
mensurate with the coast line, the
governmental resources and the for
eign trade of our nation; and I wish
to reiterate all the reasons which he
has presented in favor of the policy
of maintaining a strong navy as the
best conservator of our peace with
other nations and the best means of
securing respect for the assertion of
our rights, the defense of our in
terests and the exercise of our in
fluence in international matters.
The Maintenance of Peace.
Our international policy is always
to promote peace. We shall enter
into any war with a full conscious
ness of the awful consequences that
it always entails, whether successful
or not, and we, of course, shall make
every effort, consistent with national
honor and the highest national in
terest, to avoid a resort to arms. We
favor every instrumentality, like
that of The Hague Tribunal and ar
bitration treaties made with a view
to its use in all international contro
versies, in? order to maintain peace
and to avoid War. But we should be
blind to existing conditions, and
should allow ourselves to become fool
ish idealists, if we did not realize
that with all the nations of the world
armed and prepared for war, we
must be ourselves in a similar con
dition in order to prevent other na
tions from taking advantage of us
and of our inability to defend our
interests and assert our rights with
a strong hand. In the international
controversies that are likely to arise
in the Orient, growing out of the
question of the open door and other
issues, the United States can main
tain her interests Intact and can se
cure respect for her just demands.
She will not be able to do so, how
ever, if it is understood that she
never intends to. back up her asser
tion of right and her defense of her
interest by anything but mere verbal
protest and diplomatic note. Tor
these reasons, the expenses of the
army and navy and of coast defenses
should always be considered as some
thing which the government must
pay for, and they should not be cut
off through mere consideration of
economy. Our Government is able
to afford a suitable army and a suit
able navy. It may maintain them
without the slightest danger to the
Republic or the cause of free insti
tutions, and fear of additional tax
ation ought not to change a proper
policy in this regard.
Protection of Americans jin Foreign
Lands.
The policy of the United State in
the Spanish War and since, has given
it a position of influence among the.
nations that it never had before, and
should be constantly exerted to se
curing to its bona fide citizens,
whether native or naturalized, re
spect for them as such in foreign
countries. We should make every
effort to prevent humiliating and de
grading prohibition against any of
our citizens wishing temporarily to
sojourn in foreign countries because
of race .or religion.
Immigrants.
The admission of Asiatic immi
grants who can not be amalgamated
with our population' has been made
the subjeet either of \ prohibitory
clauses in our treaties and statutes,
or of strict administrative regula
tion secured by diplomatic negotia
tion. I sincerely hope that we may
continue to minimize the evils likely
to arise from such immigration with
out unnecessary friction and by mu
tual concessions between self-respect
ing governments. Meantime, we must
take every precaution to prevent, or,
failing that, to punish outbursts of
race, feeUng among our people
against foreigners of whatever nat
ionality who may have by our grant
a treaty right to pursue lawful bus
iness here and to be protected
against lawless assault or injury.
Protection of Foreigners.
This leads me to point out a seri
ous defect in the present Federal
jurisdiction which ought to be rem
edied at once. Having assured to
other countries by tre?ty the pro
tection of our laws for such of their
subjects or citizens as we permit to
come within our jurisdiction, we now
leave to a State or a city, not un
der the control of the Federal Gov
ernment, the duty of performing our
international obligations in this re
spect. By proper legislation we may,
and ought to, place in the hands of
the Federal Executive the means Of
enforcing the treaty rights of such
aliens in the courts of the Federal
Government. It puts our govern
ment in a pusillanimous position to
make definite engagements to pro
tect aliens and then to excuse the
failure to perform those engagements
by an explanation that the duty to
keep them is in States or cities, not
within our control. If we would
promise, we must put ourselves in a
position to perform our promise. We
cannot permit the possible failure of
justice due to local prejudice in any
State or municipal government to ex
pose us to the risk of a war which
might be avoided if Federal juris
diction was asserted by suitable leg
islation by Congress and carried out
by proper proceedings instituted by
the Executive, in the courts of the
National Government.
Monetary and Banking.
One of the reforms to be carried
out during the incoming Administra
tion is a change of our monetary and
banking laws, so as to secure great
er elasticity in forms of currency
available for trade and to prevent
tho limitations of law from operat
ing to increase the embarrassments
of a financial panic. The Monetary
ROOSEVELT AND TAFT
Washington, Special-Immediately
after the church services last Sunday
Mr. Taft and Mr. Roosevelt met at
the White House. While the Presi
dent was afoot he stepped in his usu
al lively fashion and was at the front
portico of the mansion just in time
to receive Mr. Taft, who came as ihs
guest. They were greeted by a throng
of people the moment they reached
the vicinity of the mansion. The
Court of Honor, which was receiving
its finishing touches from decorators,
.v.-'i
Commission lately appointed is giv
ing full consideration to existing con
ditions and to all proposed remedies,
and will doubtless suggest one that
will meet the requirements of busi
ness and of public interest. We may
hope that;,the report will embody
neither tho narrow view of those who
believe that the sole ?'purpose of the
new system should be to secure a,
large return on banking capital of
of those; who would have greater ex
pansion ?of currency with little re
gard .to^provisions for its immediate
redemption or ultimate security.
There is no subject of economic dis
cussion Bo intricate and 'so likely to
evoke differing views and dogmatic
statements as this one. The Com
mission in studying the general in
fluence of currency on business and
of business on currency, have wisely
extended tieir investigations .in Eu
ropean banking and monetary meth
ods. The ?formation that they have
derived fron such experts as they
have found abroad will undoubtedly
be found blpful in the solution of
the ' difficult problem they have in
hand .
Postal Savings Bank.
The mooning Congress should
promptly infill the promise of the
Republican jlatform and pass a
proper Posta Savings Bank bill.. ' It
will not be uwise or excessive pater
nalism. The promise to repay by the
Government viii furnish an induce
ment to savigs deposits which pri
vate ehterprie cannot supply, and at
such a low r?e of interest as'not to
withdraw;, cstom from existing
banks. . It wil substantially increase
the funds avslable for investment as
capital in usftil enterprises. It will
furnish the ?solute security which
makes the. paposed scheme of gev
ernment guaro ty of deposit so allur
ing without'* io'* pernicious results.
, Okr foreign Trade.
I sincerely (?pe that the incoming
Congress w?lbe alive, as it should
be, to the impxtance of our foreign
trade and of tieouraging it in every
way ?feasible. The possibility of in
creasing this tade in the Orient in
the Phillipine33iid in South America
are known to .?everyone- who has
given the math,1, attention. The di
rect effect of fite trade between this
country and tji Phillipines will be
marked u^on cir sale of cotton, ag
ricultural naclhery and other man
ufactures. |Thi Necessity of the es
tabUshmcnl of drect lines of steam
ers betweel North' and South Am
erica has feen (brought; to the at
tention of bngiess by my predeces
sor, and by lr. ibot before and after
his notewbrty visit to that continent,
and I sin'cfiily jhope that Congress
may be induid to see; the wisdom of
a tentative Cortil-to establish such
lines by-the fee of mail subsidies. 11
The importice, which the Depart
ment of Agniltttre and of Com- 1
merce and Lair may play in ridding 1
the markets f Europe of prohibi
tions and discminations against theil
importation our products is i
fully understock,and it is hoped that '.
the use of the^aximum and mini- 1
mum feature o?ur tariff law to be c
soon passed wilfe effective to re- i
mov3 many of^?fc?.restrictions! ?
Tho Pajtt? CaaaL . -"w " ~1
The Panama C&1 will have a i
most important bring upon the ?
trade between thieastern and the r
far western sectid of our country, s
and will greatly srease the faoili- s
ties for transporten between the p
eastern and the astern seaboard, c
and may possibly?volutionize tho o
transcontinental }es with respect t
to bulky mercharke. It will also t'
have a most bencial effect to in- t
crease the trade tween the eastern o
seaboard of thehit?d States and e
the western coasif South America, p
and, indeed, witjsome of th(? im- i?
portant ports oriie east <coa??t of I
South America Mhed by rail from/ n
the west coast. The work on the n
canal is makinpost satisfactory n
progress. . The je of the canal as fi
a lock canal wjf?xed by Congress e:
after a full conferation of the con- o
flicting reports ! the majority and o:
minority of thejisulting boarc?, and a:
after the recolendation of thc ir
War Departmei'and the Executive la
upon those' reps. Recent sugges- tl
tion that somejig had occurred on vi
the Isthmus toake the lock types in
of the canal lefe?sible than it was tl
supposed to be jen the reports were T
made and the Hey determined on, in
led to a visit ?the Isthmus of a w
board of compnt engineers to ex- J fi
th
th
m
gi
th
w'.
m
re
hi
pi
di
fa
oe
ai
ca
wi
an
th
to
fa
tir
of
fo
g*
ed
thi
ca:
tir.
off
pn
an
an
amine the Ga' dam and locks
which are thefy of the lock type.
The report of ft board shows that
nothing has cirred in the nature
of newly reved . evidence which
should change^ views once fromed
in the origina iscussion. The con
struction will on under a most
effective orgntion controlled by
Colonel Goethand his fellow army
engineers ass ted with him, and
will certainly completed early in
the next Adistration, if not be
fore.
Some type canal must be con
structed. Tljck type has been
selected. We all in favor of hav
ing it built ? rompt ly as possible.
We must nc ow, therefore, keep
rear of the agents
uthorized to do our
work on th jthmus. We must
hold up thei ands,- and speaking
for the inco r Administration, I
wish to-say i I propose to devote
all the enerj lossible and under
my control,' he pushing of this
work "on the m which have been
adopted, and ;and behind the men
up a fire in
whom we hai
ithful hard work
ie early completion
of this, the lest constructive en
terprise of mjn times.
who are doirgi
to bring abo;
AT THE 1
was thronged
pie. The air
like, and, this!
the crowd
the White H.
carno so large!
President and'
sor had enteric building
After a con!
hour with,the
ITE HOUSE
thousands of peo
balmy and spring
reased the size of
crowd poured into
grounds and be
lt thc police had to
dear the gTdjJ0f people until thc
prospective succcs
Jncc of nearly an
esident Mr. Taft
automobile over to
oenaror Hahr
'dose.
IL
pei
nt
the
ing
47.:
the
sus
thi:
sch
one
c
?per
Ocr Dependencies.
The' government of our dependen
cies in Porto Rico and the Philip
pines are progressing as favorably
as could be desired. The prosperity
Of Porto Rico continues unabated.
The business conditions in the Phil
ippines are not all that we could
wish them to be, hut with the pas
sage of the new tariff bill permitting
free trade between the United States
and the Archipelago, with such limi
tations in sugar and tobacco as shall
prevent injury to the domestic in
terests on those products, we car?
count on an improvement in business
conditions in the Philippines and the
(development of a mutually profitable
trade between this country and the
Islands.
Position Towards the South.
I look forward wifh hope to in
creasing the already good feeling be
tween the South and the other sec
tions of the country. My chief pur
pose is not to effect a change in the
electoral vote of the Southern States.
That is a secondary consideration.
What I look forward to is an in
crease in the tolerance of political
views of all kinds and their advo
cacy throughout the South, and the
existence of a respectable political
opposition in every State; even more
than this, to an increased feeling on
the part of all the people in thc
South that this Government is their
Government, and that its officers in
; their States are their officers.
The South and the Negro.
The consideration of this question
cannot, however, be complete and
full without reference to the negro
race, its progress and its. present
condition. The 13th Amendment se
cured them freedom; the 14th
Amendment duo process of law, pro
tection of property and the pursuit
of happiness; and the 15th Amend
ment attempted to secure the negro
against any deprivation of the priv
ilege to vote, because he was a ne
gro. The 13th and 14th Amendments
have been generally enforced and
have secured the objects for which
they were intended. While the 15th
Amendment has not been generally
observed in the past, it ought to be
observed and the tendency of South
ern legislation today is toward" the
enactment of electoral qualifications
which shall square with that amend
ment. Of course the mere adoption
of a constitutional law is only one
step in the right direction. It must
he fairty and justly enforced as well.
In time both will come. Hence it is
clear to all that the domination of
an ignorant, irresponsible element
can be prevented by constitutional
laws which shall exclude from voting
both negroes and whites not having
?ducation or other qualifications
thought to be necessary for a proper
electorate. The danger of the con
trol of an ignorant electorate has
herefore passed. With this change,
;he interest-which many of the Sou
thern, white citizens take in the wel
'are of the negroes has increased.
The colored men must base their
lope on the results of their own in
lustry, self-restraint, thrift and bus
ness success, as well as upon the
?d and comfort and sympathy which
hey may- receive from their whitev
leigbbors of the South. There- was
i time when Northerners who sym
?athixed with the negro in his necess
ary struggle for better conditions
ought to give him the suffrage as a
iroteotion, and to enforce its exer>
ise against the prevailing sentiment
f the South. The movement proved"
Q be a failure. What remains is
Se 15th Amendment to the Const?- I
ution and the right to have statutes
f States specifying qualifications for
lectors subjected to the test of com
pliance with that amendment. This
5 a great protection to the negro,
fc never will be repealed, and it
ever ought to be repealed. If it had
ot been passed, it might be difficult
ow to adopt it; but with it in our
undamental law, thc policy of South
rn legislation must and will tend to
bey it, and so long as the statutes
f the States meet the test of this
mendment and are not otherwise
i conflict with the constitution and
iws of the United States, it is not
ie disposition or within the pro
ince of the Federal Government to I
tterfere with the regulation by Sou
lern States of their domestic affairs,
here is m.; the South a stronger fee?
ig than ever among the intelligent,
ell-to-do and influential element rn
ivor of the industrial ?ducation of
ie negro-and the encouragement of
ie race to make themselves useful
embers of the community. The pro
ess which the negro has made in
ie last fifty years from slavery,
ben its statistics are reviewed, is
arvelous, aid , it furnishes every
ason to hope that in the next
renty-five years a still greater im- i
?ovement in his condition as a pro- ?
ictive member cf society, on thc '
rm, and in the shop and in other 1
cupations, may come. The negroes i
e now Americans. Their ancestors i
me here years ago against their :
ll, and this is their only country !
id their only flag. They have shown <
emselves anxious to live for it and ?
die for it. Encountering the race ]
eling against them, subjected at <
nes to cruel injustice growing out 1
it, they may well have our pro- j
und sympathy and aid in the strug
3 they are making. We are charg- I
with the sacred duty of making i
sir path as smooth and easy as we i
ti. Any recognition of their dis- ]
iguished men, any appointment to t
ice from among their number, is 1
sperry taken as" an encouragement s
d an appreciation of their progress <
d this just policy shall be pursued. (
But it may well admit of doubt ?
.LITERACY IN CUBA IS
fVashington, Special.-'Nearly 57 n
. cent of the population of Cuba 3
least ten years of agc can read, n
percentage in the large cities be
82.6, and in the rest of the island ti
D, according to figures obtained in 1
census recently taken. This cen- p
shows that in 1907 almost one- li
rd of the children were attending l<
ool, as compared with less than ci
!-sixth in 1899. ei
)f the total population, nearly 67 ?
cent were single or divorced; al- d
whether, in case of any race, an ap
pointment of one of their number to
a local office in a community in which
the race feeling is so wide-spread
and acute as to interfere with the
ease and facility with which the local
government business can be done by
the appointee, is of sufficient benefit
by way of encouragement to the race
to outweigh the recurrence and in
crease of race feeling which such
an appointment is likely to engen
der. Therefore, the Executive, in
recognizing the negro race by ap
pointments must exercise a careful
discretion not thereby to do it more
harm than good. On the other hand
we must be careful not to encourage
the mere pretense of r?ce feeling
manufactured i?. the interest of in
dividual political ambition.
Personally I have not the slight
est race prejudice or feeling, and
recognition 'of its existence only
awakens in my heart a deeper sym
pathy for those who have to bear it
or suffer from it, and1 I question th?
wisdom of a .policy which is likely
to increase it. Meantime, if noth
ing is done te prevent, a> better feel
ing between the negroes and the
whites in the South wil? continue to
grow, and mere and more of the
white people wilT come to realize that
the future of the South is to be much1
benefited by the industrial and in
tellectual progress of the negro. The
exercise of-political franchises by
those of his- race who are intelligent
and well-to-do wilT be acquiesced in-,,
and the right to- vote will be withheld!
only from the ignorant and irre
sponsible of both races.
Labor, and Protection of Employees:
There is orre other matter to which
I shall n?fer. It was made the- sub
ject of great controversy during' the
election, and call's for at. least a pass
ing reference now. My distinguished1
predecessor has given much attention
to the cause- of labor, with- whose
struggle- for better things Be has
shown the . sincerest sympathy. At
his instance^ Congress has passed' i-he
bill fixing- the- liability of interstate ?
carriers to their employes fer injury 1
sustained in the course of employ- j
ment, abolishing, the rule of fellow
servant and' the common law- rule as !
to contributory negligence^ and sub- ;
stituting therefor the so-called rule
of comparative negligence. Tt has i
also passed a law fixing the- compen- j
sation of government employes for j
injune* sustained in the- employ of' j
the government through tHe- negli- j
gence of the superior. It also passed' 1
a model' child labor law ,for the Dis
trict of Columbia. In previous ad
ministrations an arbitration- law for
interstate commerce railroads and1
their employes, and laws- for the ap>
plication1 ef safety devices to save
the fives- and limbs of' employes of
interstate railroads' had' Been passed!.
I wisn- to say that in- so far as? J! |
can, I hope to promote- the enactment ,
af further legislation- of this char?- ?
acter: I am strongly convinced that
the GForernment should make itself
?S responsible to employes, injured
in its amploy as am Interstate rail- ,
cray corporation is made responsible
by federal law of itfc-- employes ;. and -j
I stell be glad whenever any addi
icroat '^reasonable safety device- can -
!re invented to reduce-th?Toss bf life
ind limb among railway employes,
'?> urge Congress ttr require its* adop- 1
Jen by interstate- railways. 1
The Irrjimction.'
Another labor question has- arisen
vhich has awakened the most .excited t
tiscussion. That is ii respect to the i
?wer of the Federal courts to ?1
ssue injunctions in industrial dis- .
rates. As to- that, my convictions L
re fixed. Tafe away from courts, s
f it could be taken away, the power (t
0 issue injunctions in labor disputes? ? t
nd it would' create a privileged class; fc
mong the laborers and sare the law
?SS among their number -from a mos* ^
eedful remedy,available to all men p
or the protection of their business _
gainst lawless invasion. The pro- ?
osition that business i's not a pro- r)
erty or- pecuniary right which can 0
e protected by equitable injunction
1 utterly- without foundation in pre
sdent or reason. The proposition is
sually finked with one to make the .
.condary boycott lawful. Such a v:
reposition is at variance with the tc
mexican instinct and will find no w
rpport in my judgment when sub
itted to the American people. The ?
icondary boycott is an instrument ?!
J tyranny, andi ought not to be made> ni
gitfmate. ?? Is
The - issuing- of a temporary re
raining order without notice has in
reral instan-ees been abused by its .
considerate exercise, and to remedy ,
is, the platform upon which I was ^
ected recommends the formulation
a statute of the conditions under
hich such a temporary restraining
der ougbt to issue. A statute can
td ought to be framed to embody de
e best modem practice, and can tb
ing the subject so closely to the w]
tentron of the court ns to make
uses of the precess unlikely in the j W
ture. American people, if I under- Px
ind them, insist that the authority
the courts sdiall be sustained and1 ca
e opposed to any change in th* o
ocedure by Avhieh the powers of a j '
urt.may be weakened and the fear
ls and effective administration of
?tice be interfered with. ^
Having thus reviewed the ?roes- .
ms likely to recur during my Ad- . "
nistration, and haring expressed in
summary way the position which B^
expect io take in recommedations ^i?
Congress and in my conduct as an 50
ecutive, I invoke thc considerate
npathy and support of my fellow da
izens, and the aid of Almighty -lai
d in the discharge of my respan- . Ca
le duties. " coi
-_ ;
VJOW DISAPPEARING *al
da;
st 21 per cent were married, and [
per cent widowed. Males were sta
re numerous .than females. zor
let ween 1S99 and 1907 thc popula- ]
l of the islands increased from a t
"2 to 2,043,930, or more than 30 cai
cent. Over Ii ii 11' of the population the
in Hie rural districts, thc 134 ]
ns and citi?s containing 43.9 per- ret
t of the total. Havana, the larg- wit
city, has a population of 279,159, ]
le the next largest city, Santiago the
Cuba, had only 45,470. of
IHE IfWSf BRIEF
Items of Interest Gathered By
Wire and Cable
? -
GLEANINGS FROM DAY TO D?V
? - /
Liv? Items Covcriug Events of Llore
cr Less Interest at Home and
Abroad,
Dr. W. D. Cram, collector of the
port at Charleston, S. C., who waa
appointed by President Roosevelt s?F
years ago, has resigned the o?ice.
Sallie Brown, of Camden county,
S. C., died recently at the ripe age
of.lil years.
An air gua in the hand ot Law
rence Ingram was accidentally dis
charged Monday, killing his sister,
Mrs. James Turner, in Richmond, Va.
A terrm* storm eross?d the moon?,
tain regions of Tennessee and Nord?
Carolina cia Wednesday. It- seemed
Efted by -the mountains and only
dipped down on the eastern counties
sf North- Carolina, where it killed'
several persons aaad did great dam
age- to property.
A site just wesfyof FredeTi'cksburg,
called Rowe's Heights, has Been se
lected fpr a State female normal
school! About forty acres brought
; $65,0001.
Alexandria is said to fte. the only
I county hr Virginia in which cock
'fighting-i's- against the law. This was
j brought! out in connection; with a strp
' posed' violation in Norfolk- recently.
j An explosion of dynamite wefife?rt~
. ually checked1 a distressing- fire in
Gola' Hill, N.. C., last Saturday, tha>
did damage- te the extent of $5,000.
It Was authoritatively 1 announced
very recen ly that the cotton oil mift
at Fambeig; S. C., will" be promptly
rebuiltr
Twenty feet of the Mill' Sr*ings
railroad] bridge, near Old Fort, N.
C., was burned Sunday morning-, and
notwithstanding it spans-- a deep
gorge, it was ready for- use again*
waihin six- Beurs.
Broadus- Morehead! was kilTedv and
Caley Fisher and Charles Stamey
were cut hr a fight at Ruthcrfordtoi*,
N. C., on Monday. :
Robert Amory, of Virginjay was fat*
ally shot by hi?'brother Leroy
Amory,, on Tuesday and died" thai
night. It was the' result of ill feet
ing. ;
; It is. estimated that 50)000 people
went to- Norfolk* U> see the big fleet.
There wer more than attended the
Jamestown Exposition during the
same length of time.
A furniture exposition began Mar?
1st te last till the 15th-, at High.
Point,. N. C., the greatf furniture '
sent?n-of the South.
A. fire destroyed the Greensboro
Hardwood Mfg: Company's plant last
week-, entailing a loss- of $40,000,
?vitlr $21,000 of insurance.
Jbin Y. GatTington,. M. G. Jeanes
ind J. Stube Young-have \been ar?
?ested and bailed in connection with '
;he Seminole ?troubl?s.7
"Lucky"' Baldwin^ who died at
;tie Santa Anita Ranch, California,
'? said- to have left? an estate worth
523,000,000' net.
In Detroit, Michigan, on Tuesday
i primary was held for school ' in-?<
pectors in which women are allowed
o vote. A humber of them got men
o hold their babies while itt the
ooth.
Forty-five men were threatened
dth destruction- at Port Blanchford,
'a., on. Wednesday, by a mine ex
losiorr, followed by fire. Luckily
bey found a round-about way of
?aching an exit. Several were seri?
usly injured..
Foreign Affairs. ,
The German government has in,
iew airships on the Zeppelin type
r> be arme if with rapid-fire guns with
hich to fight infantry in war.
A disease resembling yellow-fever,
it unlike it in that it affects only
itives bas broken out in Barbados
lands,, and is baffling scientists te
aguosa it.
The telewriter has been introduced
. London by which . messages can
!. rewrded when, your friend' of the
hen- end of tie line is out.
washington Notes.
Kear-Admiiral Schroeder has been
signated to commander-in-chief of
e Navy to succeed Admiral Sperry^
ho bas resigned it.
Mr. Taft and family went into the
hite House Tuesday -as guests of.
esident and Mrs. Roosevelt.
President Roosevelt held his last
binet meeting on Tuesday. It was
>re of leave taking and good wish
X than a business meeting. '
A severe blizzard caur J the ina?-?
ration to take place in the Senate
lamber, and came near dispensing
th the pageant.
Taft, in a current magazine article,
rs Roosevelt will have a place in
story with Washington and Lin
ing
For a while during inauguration;
y the Associated Press wire to At?.
ita was the only line out of the
pital City that was not put out off
?"'misi?n bv the storm,
[t is estimated that 22500 persons
led on President Roosevelt Tbu;rs
y to give him a farewell greeting.
The late Congress failed to make
tes out of the territories of Ari
la and New Mexico."
^resident Taft was inaugurated irv
fair of pants presented by Republi
is of Texas, from wool grown in
i Lone Star State,
t is announced that thc Big Fleet
urned from encircling the world
hout a scratch.
kir. Taft is now in possession of
Whito House, the 27th President
the United States.